CN203431839U - Coal gangue fuel low-speed bubbling fluidized bed boiler - Google Patents
Coal gangue fuel low-speed bubbling fluidized bed boiler Download PDFInfo
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- CN203431839U CN203431839U CN201320473535.1U CN201320473535U CN203431839U CN 203431839 U CN203431839 U CN 203431839U CN 201320473535 U CN201320473535 U CN 201320473535U CN 203431839 U CN203431839 U CN 203431839U
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Abstract
The utility model relates to a coal gangue fuel low-speed bubbling fluidized bed boiler, and belongs to the technical field of boiler combustion improvement. The coal gangue fuel low-speed bubbling fluidized bed boiler comprises a boiler body, an upper hearth box, a lower hearth box, water-cooled walls and an air distribution chamber, wherein the upper hearth box of the boiler body is provided with a cyclone separator, a boiler tail flue, an external heat exchanger, a superheater and a coal economizer; the lower hearth box of the boiler body is conically connected with the upper hearth box; the water-cooled walls are arranged on the four walls of the lower hearth box; the air distribution chamber is arranged at the bottom of the lower hearth box; an air cap is arranged on the air distribution plate of the air distribution chamber; a buried pipe is arranged at the upper part of the air distribution plate. According to the utility model, coal gangue and carbonaceous shale granules are fluidized and expanded in a similar fluid state by forming a granule bed on the air distribution plate to achieve a critical fluidized state and generate a large quantity of bubbles in the granule bed, so that the calorific value coal gangue difficult to combust and utilize is sufficiently utilized, and the problems of waste utilization of the coal gangue and carbonaceous shale and pollution of the coal gangue and the carbonaceous shale on the environment are thoroughly solved.
Description
Technical field
The utility model relates to a kind of coal gangue fuel low speed bubbling fluidized bed boiler, belongs to boiler combustion and improves technical field.
Background technology
Gangue is the solid waste discharging in coal mining process and coal washing process, is a kind of lower with the phosphorus content of coal seam association in coalification course, harder than coal black gray expandable rock.Comprise the spoil of washing of choosing in the spoil of extraction from top board, base plate and interlayer in digging gangue in tunnelling process, mining process and coal washing process.Its main component is Al
2o
3, SiO
2.
At present, China to the utilization of gangue also in development and conceptual phase.A large amount of gangues are thrown aside, not only take tract, and the sulfide in gangue is overflowed or the meeting of leaching atmosphere pollution, farmland and water body; Hillock also can spontaneous combustion breaking out of fire, or in avalanche in rainy season, silts river up and cause disaster.According to statistics, China accumulates gangue and reaches more than 1,000,000,000 tons, also will discharge every year 100000000 tons of gangues.
Development and utilization gangue and carbonaceous shale are made thermal power generation fuel, not only waste resource is fully utilized, the slag that generating produces can be all as cement additive, meet green, environmental protection, energy-conservation fundamental state policy and the operational mode of recycling economy, and coal-fired resource is withered calls on to overcoming, weaken the restriction that fuel factor is produced thermoelectricity, reduce production costs and will play positive, important effect.
For pollution abatement, effective utilization to gangue waste material, Ye You enterprise starts gangue for generating, but existing method is mainly to adopt fluidized bed furnace, use is washed middle coal and is washed the generating of cash multifuel combustion, can not take gangue waste material separately as combustion material, and the CFBB of common power plant cannot be more combustion material with gangue waste material.Its reason is, 1, Load of Circulating Fluidized Bed Boiler only can reach 80～90T/h, and fluidized-bed temperature is difficult to stablize; 2, gangue, culm, because ash is heavy, phosphorus content is low, heat is low, can produce a large amount of returning charges and cause separator to stop up during burning, often occur the problem that the not smooth Ge of returning charge collapses; 3, the temperature of CFBB smoke evacuation is up to 170～180 ℃, and the flue gas of boiler does not have waste heat recovery, and because the radiation and convection of chimney outer wall causes thermal pollution a large amount of heat leakages in workshop surrounding.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of this utility model is, providing a kind of improves by the burner hearth fluid bed to CFBB, furnace water cooling wall construction and furnace wall etc., change the combustion system of existing CFBB, make gangue grain with the state of class quasi-fluid, on air distribution plate, form particle layers and carry out fluidisation and expansion, reach critical fluidized state, and a large amount of bubblings occur in bed, can adopt low-calorie gangue, culm lower than 1000kcal/kg is fuel.Thoroughly solve the coal gangue fuel low speed bubbling fluidized bed boiler that existing CFBB cannot carry out low heating value coal gangue combustion problem.
The utility model is to realize by the following technical solutions above-mentioned purpose:
This coal gangue fuel low speed bubbling fluidized bed boiler consists of body of heater, upper furnace, cyclone separator, boiler back end ductwork, external heat exchanger, superheater, economizer, scum pipe, charging aperture, cyclone separator and boiler back end ductwork are equipped with in the top of body of heater, in the outlet of boiler back end ductwork, external heat exchanger is housed, external heat exchanger is connected with economizer with superheater; The bottom of body of heater is manufactured with lower furnace; On the left and right wall in middle part of body of heater and front wall, eight charging apertures are housed, the discharging point of charging aperture communicates with lower furnace, scum pipe is housed below lower furnace, it is characterized in that: described upper furnace is connected with lower furnace is tapered, on the wall of lower furnace, water-cooling wall is housed, the bottom of lower furnace is manufactured with air compartment, and the junction of lower furnace and air compartment is manufactured with air distribution plate; On air distribution plate, be furnished with blast cap, blast cap adopts arranged in squares on air distribution plate, and spacing is 70mm, and blast cap is divided into two kinds, six wind holes and eight wind holes, the blast cap in air distribution plate surrounding one circle and eight wind holes of cold cinder notch arranged around, the blast cap in all the other six wind holes of layout; Pipe laying is equipped with on the top of air distribution plate, and pipe laying is the oblique layout of both ends high, middle low, and two of pipe laying is high-endly connected with the water pipe of water-cooling wall, and two low sides of pipe laying connect by pipe laying header.
Described discharging point is 2.85m apart from the height of air distribution plate; The blast cap that described air distribution plate is arranged is above 7144, and the wind bore dia on blast cap is 5.6mm.
The utility model beneficial effect is compared with prior art:
1, the utility model utilizes low speed bubbling fluidization bed structure, change the combustion system of existing CFBB, make gangue, culm stone grain is with the state of class quasi-fluid, on air distribution plate, form particle layers and carry out fluidisation and expansion, reach critical fluidized state, and in bed, there are a large amount of bubblings, realization is to lower than 1000kcal/kg gangue low in calories, culm burning is for thermal power generation, make the calorific value gangue that is difficult to burning and utilizes, culm is fully used, thoroughly solved gangue, culmiferous twice laid and the pollution problem to environment,
2, fuel-feed open height of the present utility model reaches 2.85m, and burner hearth area reaches 32.7 ㎡, than large 14.7 ㎡ of same specification boiler furnace area; And set up 30 screens totally 90 pipe layings and forward and backward wall water screen tube; Bed surface is above air distribution plate, to be distributed with 7144 umbellate form blast caps, the blast cap in air distribution plate surrounding one circle and eight wind holes of cold cinder notch arranged around, and with stiffened edge portion bed material fluidisation, all the other arrange the blast cap in six wind holes; Make gangue abundant in burner hearth internal combustion, thermal efficiency ratio same specification boiler improves 25% left and right, and its gross coal consumption rate reaches 2.235kg (gangue or culm)/kwh, and calorific value reaches about 1000kcal/kg.
3, fuel discharging point of the present utility model is from traditional height of bringing up to 2.85m lower than 1.5m, before making gangue, culm fuel enter boiler bed body, there is longer preheating time, the impact on bed temperature when greatly reducing coal gangue fuel and entering a bed body.Coal gangue fuel enters after a body through strong disturbance and mixing, is diffused at once in high warm material layer, is rapidly heated to ignition temperature, and ignition is fast.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of coal gangue fuel low speed bubbling fluidized bed boiler;
Fig. 2 is the front view of coal gangue fuel low speed bubbling fluidization bed boiler furnace;
Fig. 3 is the side view of coal gangue fuel low speed bubbling fluidization bed boiler furnace;
Fig. 4 is the front view of coal gangue fuel low speed bubbling fluidized bed boiler cloth wind system;
Fig. 5 is the side view of coal gangue fuel low speed bubbling fluidized bed boiler cloth wind system;
Fig. 6 is the top view of coal gangue fuel low speed bubbling fluidized bed boiler cloth wind system;
Fig. 7 is the front view of coal gangue fuel low speed bubbling fluidized bed boiler cloth air compartment;
Fig. 8 is the side view of coal gangue fuel low speed bubbling fluidized bed boiler cloth air compartment;
Fig. 9 is the front view of coal gangue fuel low speed bubbling fluidized bed Wind cap for boiler;
Figure 10 is the top view of coal gangue fuel low speed bubbling fluidized bed Wind cap for boiler;
Figure 11 is the front view that coal gangue fuel low speed bubbling fluidization bed boiler water-cooling system and pipe laying are arranged;
Figure 12 is the side view that coal gangue fuel low speed bubbling fluidization bed boiler water-cooling system and pipe laying are arranged.
In figure: 1, body of heater, 2, upper furnace, 3, pipe laying, 4, air compartment, 5, blast cap, 6, water-cooling wall, 7, pipe laying header, 8, air distribution plate, 9, lower furnace, 10, discharging point, 11, cyclone separator, 12, boiler back end ductwork, 13, external heat exchanger, 14, superheater, 15, economizer, 16, scum pipe, 17, charging aperture, 18, wind hole.
The specific embodiment
This coal gangue fuel low speed bubbling fluidized bed boiler consists of body of heater 1, upper furnace 2, lower furnace 9, cyclone separator 11, boiler back end ductwork 12, external heat exchanger 13, superheater 14, economizer 15, scum pipe 16, charging aperture 17, cyclone separator 11 and boiler back end ductwork 12 are equipped with in the top of body of heater 1, external heat exchanger 13 is housed in the outlet of boiler back end ductwork 12, and external heat exchanger 13 is connected with economizer 15 with superheater 14; The bottom of body of heater 1 is manufactured with lower furnace 9; On the left and right wall in middle part of body of heater 1 and front wall, eight charging apertures 17 are housed, the discharging point of charging aperture 17 communicates with lower furnace 9, lower furnace 9 scum pipe 16 is housed below.Described upper furnace 2 is connected with lower furnace 9 is tapered, makes the size of the fluid bed emulsion zone of lower furnace 9 strengthen 4970 mm * 3290 mm, and effective area is increased to 32.7m2, than original effective area, has increased by 14.7 ㎡.Water-cooling wall 6 is housed on the wall of lower furnace 9.The bottom of lower furnace 9 is manufactured with air compartment 4, and lower furnace 9 is manufactured with air distribution plate 8 with the junction of air compartment 4, and air distribution plate 8 is that two aerofoils form, and is furnished with blast cap 5 on air distribution plate 8; Blast cap 5 adopts arranged in squares on air distribution plate 8, and spacing is 70mm, and blast cap 5 is divided into two kinds, six wind holes and eight wind holes, the blast cap 5 in air distribution plate 8 surroundings one circles and eight wind holes of cold cinder notch arranged around, the blast cap 5 in all the other six wind holes of layout; Pipe laying 3 is equipped with on the top of air distribution plate 8, and pipe laying 3 is the oblique layout of both ends high, middle low, and two of pipe laying 3 is high-endly connected with the water pipe of water-cooling wall 6, and two low sides of pipe laying 3 connect by pipe laying header 7.Described discharging point 10 is 2.85m apart from the height of air distribution plate 8; The blast cap 5 that described air distribution plate 8 is arranged is above 7144, and the diameter in the wind hole 18 on blast cap 5 is that 5.6mm(is referring to accompanying drawing 1～12).
The course of work of this coal gangue fuel low speed bubbling fluidized bed boiler is as follows:
First gangue, culm are broken into the particle that is less than 10mm, from charging aperture 17 is sent into, by discharging point 10, join lower furnace 9.The air that the air compartment 4 of air distribution plate 8 belows of lower furnace 9 bottoms sends into simultaneously enters in lower furnace 9 through blast cap 5, make the flow velocity of air reach 3.76m/s, now air stream makes the wind speed in lower furnace 9 reach critical fludization velocity, in this air velocity downstream to the active force of coal gangue particle just and the mass balance of coal gangue particle, gangue, culmiferous particle form the coal gangue particle bed of similar fluid state, the coal gangue particle bed being positioned on air distribution plate 8 starts fluidisation and expansion, reaches critical fluidized state.In particle layers, can there are a large amount of bubbling phenomenons.In bed, occur by the bubble phase containing particle rareness and contain the two-phase state that the numerous Emulsion Phase of particle forms.Bed stirs strong but still has the bed interface that is significantly fluctuation.The lower furnace 9 of gangue, culm particle certain altitude above air distribution plate 8 is interior seethes burning up and down.The gangue newly adding, culm particle enter quantity than ignition rapidly in the boiling bed of self large decades of times, and the lime-ash of after-flame is discharged outside body of heater 1 by the overfall being arranged in lower furnace 9.
Applicant is by being 2 * 2.5 ten thousand kilowatts to the installed capacity of our company, the improvement of the boiler of yearly productive capacity 2.3 hundred million kilowatt hours, and its consumption gangue, culm amount are 6.854 * 10
5ton, its gross coal consumption rate is 2.98kg (gangue, culm)/kw.h.
It is as shown in the table for important technological parameters before and after its transformation.
Important technological parameters before and after coal gangue fuel low speed bubbling fluidized bed boiler improvement
From result above, after transformation, boiler thermal output will improve 25% left and right, and its gross coal consumption rate reaches 2.235kg gangue/kwh, and its calorific value is: 4186KJ/kg, is about 1000kcal/kg.According to annual operation 4600h, calculate, gross generation is: 50000kw * 4600h=2.3 * 10
8kw.h;
Year is consumed gangue amount: 2.3 * 10
8kw.h * 2.235kg/kw.h ÷ 1000=5.1405 * 10
5t
The amount of Spring Festival holidays gangue: 6.854 * 10
5-5.1405 * 10
5=1.7135 * 10
5t.
The calorific value of getting gangue is 4186KJ/kg, is about 1000kcal/kg.
Amounting to mark coal is: 1.7135 * 10
5* 1000kcal/kg ÷ 7000kcal/ kg=24478.6tce/a.
According to domestic similar power-plant operation situation, power plant accounts for 13～15% of generated energy from power consumption, and project gets 14%.Therefore, the application's year amount of energy saving is about: 24478.6 * (1-14%)=21051.6 tce/a.
The above is the specific embodiment of this utility model, above-mentioned not illustrating is construed as limiting flesh and blood of the present utility model, person of an ordinary skill in the technical field can make an amendment or be out of shape the above-mentioned specific embodiment after having read this description, and does not deviate from essence of the present utility model and scope.
Claims (3)
1. a coal gangue fuel low speed bubbling fluidized bed boiler, it consists of body of heater (1), upper furnace (2), cyclone separator (11), boiler back end ductwork (12), external heat exchanger (13), superheater (14), economizer (15), scum pipe (16), charging aperture (17), cyclone separator (11) and boiler back end ductwork (12) are equipped with in the top of body of heater (1), external heat exchanger (13) is housed in the outlet of boiler back end ductwork (12), and external heat exchanger (13) is connected with economizer (15) with superheater (14); The bottom of body of heater (1) is manufactured with lower furnace (9); On the left and right wall in middle part of body of heater (1) and front wall, eight charging apertures (17) are housed, the discharging point (10) of charging aperture (17) communicates with lower furnace (9), scum pipe (16) is housed below lower furnace (9), it is characterized in that: described upper furnace (2) and tapered connection of lower furnace (9), water-cooling wall (6) is housed on the wall of lower furnace (9), the bottom of lower furnace (9) is manufactured with air compartment (4), and lower furnace (9) is manufactured with air distribution plate (8) with the junction of air compartment (4); On air distribution plate (8), be furnished with blast cap (5), blast cap (5) is in the upper arranged in squares that adopts of air distribution plate (8), spacing is 70mm, blast cap (5) is divided into two kinds, six wind holes and eight wind holes, the blast cap (5) in air distribution plate (8) surrounding one circle and eight wind holes of cold cinder notch arranged around, all the other arrange the blast cap (5) in six wind holes; Pipe laying (3) is equipped with on the top of air distribution plate (8), and pipe laying (3) is the oblique layout of both ends high, middle low, and two of pipe laying (3) is high-endly connected with the water pipe of water-cooling wall (6), and two low sides of pipe laying (3) connect by pipe laying header (7).
2. coal gangue fuel low speed bubbling fluidized bed boiler according to claim 1, is characterized in that: described discharging point (10) is 2.85m apart from the height of air distribution plate (8).
3. coal gangue fuel low speed bubbling fluidized bed boiler according to claim 1, is characterized in that: the blast cap (5) that described air distribution plate (8) is arranged is above 7144, and the diameter in the wind hole (18) on blast cap (5) is 5.6mm.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201320473535.1U CN203431839U (en) | 2013-08-05 | 2013-08-05 | Coal gangue fuel low-speed bubbling fluidized bed boiler |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201320473535.1U CN203431839U (en) | 2013-08-05 | 2013-08-05 | Coal gangue fuel low-speed bubbling fluidized bed boiler |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN203431839U true CN203431839U (en) | 2014-02-12 |
Family
ID=50060874
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201320473535.1U Withdrawn - After Issue CN203431839U (en) | 2013-08-05 | 2013-08-05 | Coal gangue fuel low-speed bubbling fluidized bed boiler |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
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| CN (1) | CN203431839U (en) |
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103388821A (en) * | 2013-08-05 | 2013-11-13 | 湖北松源矸石发电有限公司 | Gangue fuel low-speed bubbling fluidized bed boiler |
| CN105299656A (en) * | 2015-11-26 | 2016-02-03 | 何相助 | Circulating fluidized bed household refuse boiler with high-position laying pipes and combustion method for circulating fluidized bed household refuse boiler |
-
2013
- 2013-08-05 CN CN201320473535.1U patent/CN203431839U/en not_active Withdrawn - After Issue
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103388821A (en) * | 2013-08-05 | 2013-11-13 | 湖北松源矸石发电有限公司 | Gangue fuel low-speed bubbling fluidized bed boiler |
| CN103388821B (en) * | 2013-08-05 | 2015-04-08 | 湖北松源矸石发电有限公司 | Gangue fuel low-speed bubbling fluidized bed boiler |
| CN105299656A (en) * | 2015-11-26 | 2016-02-03 | 何相助 | Circulating fluidized bed household refuse boiler with high-position laying pipes and combustion method for circulating fluidized bed household refuse boiler |
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Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| C14 | Grant of patent or utility model | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant | ||
| AV01 | Patent right actively abandoned |
Granted publication date: 20140212 Effective date of abandoning: 20150408 |
|
| RGAV | Abandon patent right to avoid regrant |