CN103372189A - 一种防治禽腺胃炎的复方中药提取物制剂及其制备方法 - Google Patents
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Abstract
本发明公开一种预防和治疗禽腺胃炎的复方中药提取物制剂及其制备方法，该制剂由黄芪、党参、白芍、白术、蒲公英、木香、枳壳等药物按照一定的比例配制而成。该药物适用于禽腺胃炎病预防和治疗。本发明诸药配合具有清热、消炎、益气、健胃，促进粘膜修复，减少有害物质损害作用。同时有效的避免了因抗生素所引起的药物残留及耐药性。本发明可通过饮水给药，方便且便于吸收，能够迅速起到治疗的目的，具有较好的经济效益和社会效益。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及一种中药制剂，特别是预防和治疗禽腺胃炎的复方中药提取物制剂及其制备方法。
背景技术
病毒性腺胃炎是由多种因素(诱因+病因)共同作用导致的腺胃功能及结构发生改变，临床上以腺胃肿大为主要特征的新发生的传染病。
一、发病原因
（一）、传染性病因
1、禽网状内皮增生症病毒、传染性贫血、马立克氏病等均可使机体免疫力下降、免疫系统损伤、免疫反应下降、抗体水平过低，致使该病疾病发病机率增加。
2、白色念珠菌病、沙门氏菌病以及厌氧菌感染波及到腺胃时，则出现肿胀，浆膜面有光泽，黏膜出血．并可能被卡他性或坏死性渗出物覆盖。
（二）、非传染性疾病
1、日粮中所含的生物胺(组胺、组氨酸等)。日粮原料如堆积的鱼粉、玉米、豆粕、维生素预混料、脂肪、禽肉粉和肉骨粉等含有高水平的生物胺，这些生物胺对机体有毒害作用。
2、饲料条件诱因。饲料营养不平衡，蛋白低、维生素缺乏等都是该病发病的诱因；霉菌毒素、镰孢霉菌产生的毒素具有腐蚀性，可造成腺胃、肌胃和羽毛上皮黏膜坏死，腺胃肿大，黏膜增生，溃疡变厚，肌胃黏膜出现坏死。
3、胃液PH值下降导致幽门螺旋杆菌增值、激活。酸性太强灼伤腺胃、肌胃，进而引起炎症．严重的导致出血甚至溃疡。
二、临床症状
病鸡在临床上表现出羽毛松乱，冠髯苍白，萎缩，可视黏膜苍白．嗉囊呈淡褐色，不时呕吐黑褐色米汤样物。鸡体消瘦，腹泻，排棕红色至黑色稀便，粪中有时出现血液，生长迟缓，甚至衰竭死亡。
三、病理变化
病鸡呈现消瘦，肌肉苍白，腺胃、法氏囊萎缩，腺胃、肌胃连接处呈不同程度的糜烂、溃疡、腺胃肿大如球．呈乳白色。切开腺胃可见腺胃壁增厚，水肿，轻轻一按可流出浆液性液体。乳头肿胀出血，乳头界限融合，没界限可分。肌胃萎缩，胸腺、脾脏严重萎缩。肠道表现出黏膜脱离，出血症状。本病的发病率高且成上升趋势，发病范围极其广泛，给肉鸡养殖业造成了极大的损失。禽腺胃炎主要造成鸡群不同程度的抑制：免疫抑制、采食抑制、生长抑制，这不仅影响鸡群的生产性能，更易导致其他不同的细菌性和病毒性的继发性感染，以及对特定疫苗免疫反应的抑制，目前尚无特异性西药治疗。因此研究生产一种新型的抗免疫抑制、清热、消炎、益气、健胃的中药制剂，将为药物预防和治疗禽腺胃炎疾病开辟一条新途径。
发明内容
本发明旨在提供一种预防和治疗禽腺胃炎的复方中药提取物制剂及其制备方法，通过选择合适的药材及其配比并制定其成药的提取方法，达到安全有效治疗和预防禽腺胃炎疾病并使其适用在临床上推广应用的。
为了达到上述目的，本发明采用以下技术方案：
一种预防和治疗禽腺胃炎的中药，由以下重量配比的药材组成：黄芪20-40份、党参15-30份、白术10-30份、白芍10-20份、木香10-20份、香附10-20份、枳壳10-20份、蒲公英8-15份、陈皮8-15份、生姜6-15份、神曲6-15份、甘草6-15份。
本发明中药各药材最佳重量配比为：黄芪30份、党参20份、白术20份、白芍15份、木香15份、香附10份、枳壳10份、蒲公英12份、陈皮10份、神曲10份、生姜8份、甘草8份。
本发明中药提取方法为：称取所述重量份的药材，混合，温浸1小时后加水12倍于提取浓缩机组中92℃热回流10小时，料液浓缩至药材的3倍量时，将料液用真空泵抽至沉淀罐，静置12h，使沉淀，取上清液减压浓缩至相对密度1.15～1.20(55-60℃)，喷雾干燥，收粉，粉碎过筛混匀，检验合格后包装即得。
本发明药理作用：
该方剂中黄芪、党参补中益气、壮脾胃，对有较好的免疫增强作用；白芍养肝阴、调肝气，平肝阳、缓急止痛，具有抗炎、抗菌、增加免疫力；陈皮辛行温通，有行气止痛、健脾作用；木香辛行苦泄温通，能通行脾胃滞气；香附疏肝解郁行气；枳壳安胃气、行痰、消积；白术健脾益气，燥湿利水，用于脾虚食少，腹胀泄泻，痰饮眩悸；生姜温胃散寒，“温中益脾胃”，和中降气；甘草益气补中，既可调和脾胃，又可调和诸药；神曲，味甘，炒香，香能醒脾，甘能和胃，以此平胃气，理中焦化水谷宿食、健脾暖胃”。诸药配合具有具有清热、消炎、益气、健胃，促进粘膜修复，提高机体免疫力之功效
本发明优势在于：
1、纯中药提取制剂，无毒，无药物残留，无耐药性，同时提高机体自身免疫力。
2、抑制杀灭病原菌的生长繁殖，减少致病菌及毒素对机体胃肠道刺激，促使胃肠粘膜的修复。
3、用药时间短，易吸收见效快，疗效时间长。
4、使用方面，可饮水给药。
具体实施方式
为了更好理解和实施本发明，下面结合具体实施例进一步说明本发明。
实施例1
一种预防和治疗禽腺胃炎的中药制剂，由以下重量配比的药材组成：黄芪20份、党参15份、白术10份、白芍10份、木香10份、香附10份、枳壳10份、蒲公英8份、陈皮8份、神曲6份、生姜6份、甘草6份。将上述药物混合，温浸1小时后加水12倍于提取浓缩机组中92℃热回流10小时，料液浓缩至药材的3倍量时，将料液用真空泵抽至沉淀罐，静置12h，使沉淀，取上清液减压浓缩至相对密度1.15～1.20(55-60℃)，喷雾干燥，收粉，粉碎过筛混匀，检验合格后包装即得。
实施例2
一种预防和治疗禽腺胃炎的中药制剂，由以下重量配比的药材组成：黄芪30份、党参20份、白术20份、白芍15份、木香15份、香附10份、枳壳10份、蒲公英12份、陈皮10份、神曲10份、生姜8份、甘草8份。按实施例1制备方法制备中药提取物
实施例3
一种预防和治疗禽腺胃炎的中药制剂，由以下重量配比的药材组成：黄芪35份、党参25份、白术15份、白芍12份、木香12份、香附15份、枳壳12份、蒲公英15份、陈皮13份、神曲8份、生姜10份、甘草10份。按实施例1制备方法制备中药提取物
实施例4
一种预防和治疗禽腺胃炎的中药制剂，由以下重量配比的药材组成：黄芪40份、党参30份、白术30份、白芍20份、木香20份、香附20份、枳壳20份、蒲公英15份、陈皮15份、神曲15份、生姜15份、甘草15份。按实施例1制备方法制备中药提取物.
本发明结合临床治疗效果进一步说明验证
试验动物及饲料：
信阳市罗山县某鸡场一批三黄鸡，5000羽，40日龄出现生长缓慢，5天后食欲下降，并出现死亡，曾使用大量抗生素和抗病毒药治疗无效。剖检发现腺胃肿大、发白，诊断为腺胃炎。
动物试验设计及处理
随机选择该鸡场病鸡400羽，随机分成5组，每组80羽。Ⅰ组为本发明实施例1制备中药提取物，用量0.3g/kg体重；Ⅱ组为本发明实施例2制备中药提取物，用量0.3g/kg体重；Ⅲ组本发明实施例3制备中药提取物，用量0.3g/kg体重；Ⅳ组本发明实施例3制备中药提取物，用量0.3g/kg体重；Ⅴ组为常规给药组，选用市售腺胃康（10%阿莫西林可溶粉）。以上各组均混饮给药，连用3天。
疗效判断标准：
治愈率：试验结束后精神食欲临床症状恢复至正常水平的病鸡所占该组鸡数的比率。
有效率：试验结束后精神、食欲、临床症状恢复均有所好转的病鸡所占该组鸡数的比率。
无效率：试验期间出现死亡，用药后不见好转的病鸡所占该组鸡数的比率。
试验结果：
本发明对禽腺胃炎的治疗结果见表1
表1 各组治疗效果
| 组别 | 治愈（羽） | 有效（羽） | 死亡（羽） | 治愈率（%） | 有效率（%） |
| Ⅰ组 | 65 | 12 | 3 | 81.25 | 96.25 |
| Ⅱ组 | 73 | 5 | 2 | 91.25 | 97.5 |
| Ⅲ组 | 70 | 8 | 3 | 87.5 | 97. 5 |
| Ⅳ组 | 73 | 7 | 0 | 91.25 | 100 |
| Ⅴ组 | 59 | 10 | 11 | 73.75 | 86.25 |
由上表可以看出本发明中药提取物对腺胃炎有较好的治疗和预防作用。本发明中各药物组合中黄芪、党参、白术健脾、益气、提升免疫力作用，能消除腺胃炎所引起的免疫抑制。木香、香附、枳壳、蒲公英、陈皮、神曲、生姜、甘草具有开胃、润肠，保护胃黏膜作用，减少毒害物质的刺激，促进粘膜的修复，加快愈合。同时还具有抗菌、消炎、清热功效。此外，本发明未发现不良反应，可见，本发明最佳配比制备中药提取物治疗禽腺胃炎疾病用药安全，治愈率高。
Claims (3)
1.一种预防和治疗禽腺胃炎的复方中药提取物制剂及其制备方法，其特征在于该复方中药提取物制剂是按重量份数由黄芪20-40份、党参15-30份、白术10-30份、白芍10-20份、木香10-20份、香附10-20份、枳壳10-20份、蒲公英8-15份、陈皮8-15份、生姜6-15份、神曲6-15份、甘草6-15份。
2.按照权利要求1所述禽腺胃炎的中药制剂，其特征在于，它是由以下重量配比的药物组成：黄芪30份、党参20份、白术20份、白芍15份、木香15份、香附10份、枳壳10份、蒲公英12份、陈皮10份、神曲10份、生姜8份、甘草8份。
3.按照权利要求1或2所述治疗和预防禽腺胃炎的中药的提取方法，其特征在于，称取所述重量份的药材，加水煎煮、浓缩、喷雾干燥，得提取物。
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| CN104491770A (zh) * | 2014-08-13 | 2015-04-08 | 济南瑞谷生物科技有限公司 | 一种防治家禽霉菌性腺、肌胃炎的中药组合物 |
| CN104706783A (zh) * | 2015-03-10 | 2015-06-17 | 石家庄维尔利动物药业有限公司 | 一种治疗禽类肌胃炎、腺胃炎的中药组合物及其制备方法 |
| CN105381456A (zh) * | 2015-11-11 | 2016-03-09 | 镇江荣邦生物科技有限公司 | 一种治疗鸡腺胃炎的药物制剂 |
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| CN114306567A (zh) * | 2022-03-04 | 2022-04-12 | 山东省农业科学院家禽研究所（山东省无特定病原鸡研究中心） | 一种防治鸡腺肌胃炎的中药口服液 |
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| CN104491770A (zh) * | 2014-08-13 | 2015-04-08 | 济南瑞谷生物科技有限公司 | 一种防治家禽霉菌性腺、肌胃炎的中药组合物 |
| CN104706783A (zh) * | 2015-03-10 | 2015-06-17 | 石家庄维尔利动物药业有限公司 | 一种治疗禽类肌胃炎、腺胃炎的中药组合物及其制备方法 |
| CN104706783B (zh) * | 2015-03-10 | 2018-07-03 | 石家庄维尔利动物药业有限公司 | 一种治疗禽类肌胃炎、腺胃炎的中药组合物及其制备方法 |
| CN106692896A (zh) * | 2015-08-25 | 2017-05-24 | 中创云牧科技咨询(北京)股份有限公司 | 一种动物用中药及其制备方法和用途 |
| CN105381456A (zh) * | 2015-11-11 | 2016-03-09 | 镇江荣邦生物科技有限公司 | 一种治疗鸡腺胃炎的药物制剂 |
| CN108671158A (zh) * | 2018-06-26 | 2018-10-19 | 祝殿业 | 一种畜禽养殖用绿色药饲两用中兽药 |
| CN114306567A (zh) * | 2022-03-04 | 2022-04-12 | 山东省农业科学院家禽研究所（山东省无特定病原鸡研究中心） | 一种防治鸡腺肌胃炎的中药口服液 |
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