CN103355060A - Method for threshing mitsuba seeds - Google Patents
Method for threshing mitsuba seeds Download PDFInfo
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- CN103355060A CN103355060A CN2013103173953A CN201310317395A CN103355060A CN 103355060 A CN103355060 A CN 103355060A CN 2013103173953 A CN2013103173953 A CN 2013103173953A CN 201310317395 A CN201310317395 A CN 201310317395A CN 103355060 A CN103355060 A CN 103355060A
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Abstract
The invention relates to a method for threshing mitsuba seeds. The method comprises the following steps: firstly, after the mitsuba seeds are matured, when dew is not dry on a sunning morning, harvesting aerial stems and leaves, placing outside for 7-10 days for maturation, and during the period of seed after mature, spraying abscisic acid aqueous solution for treatment for one to two times on the stems and leaves; secondly, drying the mitsuba after maturation in the sun, and beating the mitsuba stems and leaves after being dried for threshing; and thirdly, air-separting the seeds after threshing, and sieving so as to achieve the purposes of completely separating the seeds from the stems and leaves and obtaining the seeds with better quality. The method is simple and convenient to operate, the yield of the seeds can be achieved to 61.7 kg/mu, the germination rate can achieve 94.2%, the volume weight can achieve 497.2 g/L, and straws are manually beaten after maturation treatment for threshing, so that matured seeds can be easily beaten down, and unmatured seeds mostly remain on the straws; and therefore, the seed yield is improved, and the seed consumption during the threshing process is also prevented.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of plant seed methods of threshing, especially a kind of method of three leaf celery seed threshings belongs to the agricultural technical field.
Background technology
Three leaf celerys (Cryptotaenia japonica Hassk.) another name Japanese cryptotaenia stem and leaf, the mountain celery, wild another name for Sichuan Province celery etc., be Umbelliferae, Japanese cryptotaenia stem and leaf belongs to the perennial herb perennial plant, herb can be used as medicine, tender stem is edible as vegetables, nutritious, every 100g edible part contains protein 1.1g, carbohydrate 2.6g, the VA100 international unit, VB10.04mg, VB20.02mg, calcium 44mg, phosphorus 38mg, iron 0.8g, therefore three leaf celerys are popular Japan in the international market, the countries such as Korea S, three leaf celery kinds are grown main by the water planting mode, to being in great demand of seed, the annual need from three a large amount of leaf celery seeds of China's import.Germination rate, unit weight must through check, reach requirement and just can export as the important indicator of seed quality.Understand according to the applicant, three traditional leaf celery seed harvesting methods are: after the harvesting of three leaf celerys, dry through after-ripening, adopt connecting rod repeatedly to pat and obtain seed.Because the seed on the three leaf celerys is ripe successively, seed maturity Time Inconsistency on the same plant, when adopting connecting rod repeatedly to pat three leaf celery cauline leafs after the results, firmly size is difficult to hold, especially majority are in order to improve seed production, firmly larger, kind of the awns of like this can the seed that many maturity are not high ining succession splits away off together, bring difficulty not only for the seed cleaning in later stage, also cause the seed total quality low, the ropy seed proportion of the seed of results is higher, usually adopt selection by winnowing this moment, screening mode improves the total quality of seed, remove defective seed, again because seed is long spindle, if will increase substantially seed quality, selection by winnowing, screening is when removing defective seed, also can remove more qualified seed, the seed loss is larger, has affected economic benefit.There is no at present a kind of simple and easy to do, raising three leaf celery percentages of seedgermination that economy is high and the method for unit weight.
Summary of the invention
The technical problem to be solved in the present invention is the defective that exists according to prior art, propose a kind of method of three leaf celery seed threshings, can with the to greatest extent threshing of qualified seed, avoid underproof seed shedding, when obtaining high-quality, high-yielding seed, reduced again the loss of registered seed.
The present invention is the technical solution problem by the following technical programs, and a kind of method of three leaf celery seed threshings may further comprise the steps:
One, when three leaf celery seed maturities, choosing is fine when morning, dew was not dried, and results are the cauline leaf part on the ground, and be positioned over outdoor after-ripening 7～10 days, during seed afterripening, stem stalk bottom is inserted down and is equipped with in the pond of nutrient solution, simultaneously cauline leaf is sprayed the abscisic acid aqueous solution and processes 1～2 time;
Two, three leaf celerys after the after-ripening are dried, and three leaf celery cauline leafs after drying are patted threshing;
Three, the seed after the threshing is carried out selection by winnowing, and sieve, seed and cauline leaf separate fully to reach, and obtains the purpose of quality better seed.
During screening, remove two seeds, band in Grain in Ear and large sclerotium, large clod with 10 mesh sieves respectively, remove little seed, little clod, bulbil with 26 mesh sieve again.
Because three leaf celery seeds are ripe successively, the seed maturity time on the same plant is inconsistent, if results too early, most of seed does not have maturation, causes output to reduce, if it is slow to gather in the crops, ripe seed can come off naturally in the field first, causes the seed collection difficulty, and loss is serious, therefore when seed maturity 70%～80% (three leaf celery seeds have 2/3rds browning color tables to show seed maturity 70～80%), be the best period of gathering.The three leaf celery stem stalks that cause is gathered are still blue or green, if be deposited in the hot and humid environment, easily cause the stem stalk to rot mouldy, therefore adopt and tie into wisp, the mode that vertical setting of types is placed, again because of period of three leaf celery seeds results mostly at the early and middle ten days in July, temperature is higher, and many heavy rains, during placement at top cover oilcloth or the canvas of three leaf celery stem stalks, with sun-rain-shading, the bottom processing of also will ventilating.Because seed only has 70～80% maturations, need to carry out after-ripening to it and process.
After-ripening refers to that the physiological and biochemical procedure of being gathered in the crops rear Interior Seed still proceeds, until physiological ripening, the variation in this section period is the continuity of maturation, carries out after results again, so be called after-ripening.After-ripening is seed dormant a kind of state, and seed is without crossing afterripening, and germination rate is low, emerges irregular, affects planting percent.The seed of gathering in the crops ahead of time among the present invention can adopt the method for staying the strain after-ripening, namely temporarily stays on the maternal plant at crop harvesting relief seed, carries out threshing after maternal plant is finished afterripening again.And the condition of promotion after-ripening has high temperature, reduces kind of heap relative moisture and ventilation several, the well-ventilated, and oxygen is sufficient, is conducive to seed afterripening, and the relative moisture of planting heap is lower, is conducive to seed moisture content to external diffusion, also can promote the after-ripening of seed.
The present invention is further technical solution problem by the following technical programs: in described step 1, when during the seed afterripening cauline leaf being sprayed the abscisic acid aqueous solution and process, the concentration of the abscisic acid aqueous solution is 0.5～2 μ mol/L, and each injection flow rate is 10kg/ mu.During seed afterripening, adopt sprayer that three leaf celery cauline leafs are sprayed the abscisic acid aqueous solution 1 time when meeting rainy weather, adopt sprayer to the cauline leaf spray abscisic acid aqueous solution 2 times (spraying water twice in the interval in one day or several days) when meeting the fine hot weather.
Not only can promote the after-ripening of three leaf celery seeds after adopting the abscisic acid aqueous solution to process, improve the quality of seed, can also guarantee that mature seed is not with kind of an awns just to split away off, immature seed does not come off simultaneously, and without putrefaction is germinateed.
In described step 1, the cauline leaf bundle of results is bundled, and vertical setting of types is positioned over outdoor, and rainproof at bundle good three leaf celery cauline leaf top cover oilcloths or canvas, the bottom processing of ventilating; When described three leaf celerys are dried, need untie bundle rope and plant is tiled on the outdoor threshing ground.
In described step 2, when three leaf celerys after drying are patted threshing, with the hands holding in both hands the three leaf celery stem stalks bottom after drying, its front portion is patted repeatedly facing to stool or cement flooring, until ripe seed comes off fully.
In described step 1, the described three leaf celery stem stalks bottom of results is put into the pond that nutrient solution is housed down, the degree of depth of described nutrient solution is 15～20cm, to reach the purpose that promotes three leaf celery seed afterripenings.Wherein, described nutrient solution is formulated by following component: nitrate of lime 150～200mg/L, potassium dihydrogen phosphate 250～300mg/L, potassium sulphate 600～800mg/L, magnesium sulfate 400～600mg/L.
The present invention is simple to operation, improved the Quality and yield of three leaf celery seeds, can make the output of seed reach 61.7kg/ mu, germination rate can reach 94.2%, and unit weight can reach 497.2g/L, and stalk is processed laggard pedestrian worker through after-ripening and patted threshing, make ripe seed be easy to be got off by abate, immature seed is retained on the stalk mostly, has not only improved the seed qualification rate, has also avoided seed loss in the detach procedure.
Embodiment
Embodiment one
Choose the more consistent precocity of 3 block length gesture three leaf celerys (the kind code name is NG), with its field respectively label be 1,2 and 3, when three leaf celery seeds have 70%～80% maturation (2/3rds seed browning looks), choosing is fine when morning, dew was not dried, respectively three fields are gathered in from root, results are the cauline leaf part on the ground, and with results cauline leaf tie into wisp, vertical setting of types is positioned over outdoor, the three leaf celery stem stalks bottom that is about to tie into wisp is inserted down and is equipped with in the outdoor sink of nutrient solution, the degree of depth of nutrient solution is 15～20cm, to reach the purpose that promotes three leaf celery seed afterripenings, nutrient solution is formulated by following component: nitrate of lime 180mg/L, potassium dihydrogen phosphate 270mg/L, potassium sulphate 700mg/L, magnesium sulfate 500mg/L.Rainproof at three leaf celery cauline leaf top cover oilcloths or canvas that bundle is good, bottom processings of ventilating, then the after-ripening processing is 8 days.Between latter stage of ripening, with every field dimidiation, wherein half sprays the abscisic acid aqueous solution with sprayer to cauline leaf first, the concentration of the abscisic acid aqueous solution is 1 μ mol/L, the amount of the spray abscisic acid aqueous solution is 7～8 kilograms every mu, again with the sprayer spray abscisic acid aqueous solution once, the water spray consumption was with for the first time by the 4th day; Second half is not done water spray and processes.Three leaf celery cauline leafs of after-ripening processing are untied the bundle rope to be tiled on the outdoor threshing ground, dry, pat its front portion several times repeatedly facing to stool or cement flooring three leaf celery cauline leafs bottom after then both hands are being held in both hands and dried, until ripe seed comes off the purpose of separating fully to reach seed and cauline leaf fully.Spray abscisic acid solution-treated is carried out respectively selection by winnowing and screening with the seed that two kinds of methods of not spraying the abscisic acid solution-treated obtain, during screening, remove two seeds, band in Grain in Ear and large sclerotium, large clod with 10 mesh sieves first, remove little seed, little clod, bulbil with 26 mesh sieve again.Measure at last its percentage of seedgermination and unit weight, the result is auspicious to see Table 1.
Table 1
As seen from the above table, the germination rate of the three leaf celery seeds that the present invention obtains and unit weight (export Japanese three leaf celery corresponding seed quality criteria: germination rate 〉=85% greater than the standard of outlet Japan, unit weight 450～500g/L, precision 〉=98%, the germination rate of the seed after processing moisture≤7%), and through hydrojet and unit weight are much larger than processing without water spray.In addition, process without hydrojet, many defective seeds can be taken off during threshing, this moment is in order to reach outlet kind of substandard, need to remove defective seed through powerful selection by winnowing and screening, choose sieve diameter less (being less than the sieve diameter that the present embodiment is chosen) for removing defective seed, also registered seed can be gone out together simultaneously, reduced seed production.
Embodiment two
The difference of the present embodiment and embodiment one is, the three leaf celery stem stalks bottom insertion down of results is equipped with in the pond of nutrient solution, to reach the purpose that promotes three leaf celery seed afterripenings, nutrient solution is formulated by following component: nitrate of lime 150mg/L, potassium dihydrogen phosphate 250mg/L, potassium sulphate 600mg/L, magnesium sulfate 400mg/L.Three leaf celery cauline leafs are carried out after-ripening processed 7 days, during after-ripening was processed, at a time when rainy weather, to the every field cauline leaf spray abscisic acid aqueous solution 1 time of half wherein, the concentration of the abscisic acid aqueous solution was 0.5 μ mol/L, and injection flow rate is 10kg/ mu.Measure at last percentage of seedgermination and unit weight, the results are shown in Table 2.
Table 2
As seen from the above table, the germination rate of the three leaf celery seeds that the present invention obtains and unit weight is greater than the standard of outlet Japan, and the germination rate of the seed after processing through hydrojet and unit weight are much larger than processing without water spray.
Embodiment three
The difference of the present embodiment and embodiment one is, the three leaf celery stem stalks bottom insertion down of results is equipped with in the pond of nutrient solution, to reach the purpose that promotes three leaf celery seed afterripenings, nutrient solution is formulated by following component: nitrate of lime 200mg/L, potassium dihydrogen phosphate 300mg/L, potassium sulphate 800mg/L, magnesium sulfate 600mg/L.Three leaf celery cauline leafs are carried out after-ripening processed 10 days, during after-ripening was processed, the fine heat of weather to the every field cauline leaf spray abscisic acid aqueous solution 1 time of half wherein, was carried out hydrojet the 2nd time first after 5 days, and the concentration of the abscisic acid aqueous solution is 1.5 μ mol/L.Measure at last percentage of seedgermination and unit weight, the results are shown in Table 3.
Table 3
As seen from the above table, the germination rate of the three leaf celery seeds that the present invention obtains and unit weight is greater than the standard of outlet Japan, and the germination rate of the seed after processing through hydrojet and unit weight are much larger than processing without water spray.
In addition to the implementation, the present invention can also have other embodiments.All employings are equal to the technical scheme of replacement or equivalent transformation formation, all drop on the protection domain of requirement of the present invention.
Claims (7)
1. the method for leaf celery seed threshing is characterized in that, may further comprise the steps:
One, when three leaf celery seed maturities, choosing is fine when morning, dew was not dried, and results are the cauline leaf part on the ground, and be positioned over outdoor after-ripening 7～10 days, during seed afterripening, stem stalk bottom is inserted down and is equipped with in the pond of nutrient solution, simultaneously cauline leaf is sprayed the abscisic acid aqueous solution and processes 1～2 time;
Two, three leaf celerys after the after-ripening are dried, and three leaf celery cauline leafs after drying are patted threshing;
Three, the seed after the threshing is carried out selection by winnowing, and sieve, seed and cauline leaf separate fully to reach, and obtains the purpose of quality better seed.
2. the method for described three leaf celery seed threshings according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: in described step 1, when during the seed afterripening cauline leaf being sprayed the abscisic acid aqueous solution and process, the concentration of the abscisic acid aqueous solution is 0.5～2 μ mol/L, and each injection flow rate is 10kg/ mu.
3. the method for described three leaf celery seed threshings according to claim 2, it is characterized in that: during seed afterripening, adopt sprayer that three leaf celery cauline leafs are sprayed the abscisic acid aqueous solution 1 time when meeting rainy weather, adopt sprayer that cauline leaf is sprayed the abscisic acid aqueous solution 2 times when meeting the fine hot weather.
4. the method for described three leaf celery seed threshings according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: in described step 1, the cauline leaf bundle of results is bundled, and vertical setting of types is positioned over outdoor, and rainproof at bundle good three leaf celery cauline leaf top cover oilcloths or canvas, the bottom processing of ventilating; When described three leaf celerys are dried, need untie bundle rope and plant is tiled on the outdoor threshing ground.
5. the method for described three leaf celery seed threshings according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: in described step 2, when three leaf celerys after drying are patted threshing, with the hands holding in both hands the three leaf celery stem stalks bottom after drying, the front portion is patted repeatedly facing to stool or cement flooring, until ripe seed comes off fully.
6. the method for described three leaf celery seed threshings according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: in described step 1, the described three leaf celery stem stalks bottom insertion down of results is equipped with in the pond of nutrient solution, and the degree of depth of described nutrient solution is 15～20cm, to reach the purpose that promotes three leaf celery seed afterripenings.
7. the method for described three leaf celery seed threshings according to claim 6, it is characterized in that, described nutrient solution is formulated by following component: nitrate of lime 150～200mg/L, potassium dihydrogen phosphate 250～300mg/L, potassium sulphate 600～800mg/L, magnesium sulfate 400～600mg/L.
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN103597961A (en) * | 2013-11-18 | 2014-02-26 | 农业部规划设计研究院 | Spring onion seed picking process |
| CN111869430A (en) * | 2020-06-29 | 2020-11-03 | 祁东县双桥粮食购销有限责任公司 | Rapeseed collection method |
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| SU1554806A1 (en) * | 1988-03-01 | 1990-04-07 | Всесоюзный Научно-Исследовательский Институт Льна | Method of treating seed heap of fibre-flax |
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| CN1191467A (en) * | 1995-06-09 | 1998-08-26 | 卡尔特有限公司 | Improving yield of plants |
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103597961A (en) * | 2013-11-18 | 2014-02-26 | 农业部规划设计研究院 | Spring onion seed picking process |
| CN103597961B (en) * | 2013-11-18 | 2015-12-02 | 农业部规划设计研究院 | A kind of onion seeds gets seed technique |
| CN111869430A (en) * | 2020-06-29 | 2020-11-03 | 祁东县双桥粮食购销有限责任公司 | Rapeseed collection method |
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| CN103355060B (en) | 2016-05-25 |
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