CN103342607A - Special fertilizer for modifying soil property of seed corn - Google Patents

Special fertilizer for modifying soil property of seed corn Download PDF

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Publication number
CN103342607A
CN103342607A CN2013102953731A CN201310295373A CN103342607A CN 103342607 A CN103342607 A CN 103342607A CN 2013102953731 A CN2013102953731 A CN 2013102953731A CN 201310295373 A CN201310295373 A CN 201310295373A CN 103342607 A CN103342607 A CN 103342607A
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special
soil property
soil
improving
production
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闫治斌
秦嘉海
马世军
安成玲
张英
谢军
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GANSU DUNHUANG SEED CO Ltd YUMEN SEED CO Ltd
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GANSU DUNHUANG SEED CO Ltd YUMEN SEED CO Ltd
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Abstract

The invention relates to a special fertilizer for modifying the soil property of seed corn. The special fertilizer for modifying the soil property is prepared by mixing and granulating furfural residue, urea, monoammonium phosphate, zinc sulfate, polyvinyl alcohol and ammonium molybdate at an air-drying weight percentage ratio of (72.32-82.70):(10.80-20.81):(5.40-8.20):(0.59-0.70):(0.59-0.70):(0.29-0.40). According to the special fertilizer provided by the invention, the special fertilizer for modifying the soil property is synthesized by use of the crop nutrient balance fertilizing theory and the soil property modification fertility theory, and the aims of coordinating soil nutrient balance and improving soil physical properties are achieved; and the problems of large seed corn planting area in Hexi Corridor of Gansu, long continuous cropping years, large input of chemical fertilizer, insufficient input of organic fertilizer, ammonium ion substitution for calcium ions adsorbed on soil colloid after long-term large-quantity application of chemical fertilizer, structural damage of soil granules, soil hardening and the like are solved.

Description

A kind of improving the soil property of production of hybrid seeds corn is special-purpose fertile
Technical field
The present invention relates to fertilizer field, relate in particular to the special-purpose fertilizer of a kind of improving the soil property of production of hybrid seeds corn.
Background technology
Landlocked irrigated area, the west of a river, Gansu water resources is abundant, and light application time is long, and day and night temperature is big, and is dry, and natural isolation condition is good, is the desirable place of the corn seed production of hybrid seeds and storage, over nearly 10 years, has set up 100,000 hectares in production of hybrid seeds Maize Production base, and seed yield reaches 6.5 * 10 8㎏.
The subject matter that production of hybrid seeds corn industry exists at present is: production of hybrid seeds maize sown area is big, continuous cropping year limit for length, chemical fertilizer nitrogen phosphorus input amount and organic fertilizer nitrogen phosphorus input amount ratio are 1:0.28, the raising of production of hybrid seeds corn yield mainly depends on using of chemical fertilizer, use chemical fertilizer for a long time in a large number, the calcium ion that adsorbs on the soil colloid is replaced by ammonium ion, soil aggregate is destroyed, cause soil compaction, the composite fertilizer's effective constituent that circulates on the market and ratio do not meet local area corn seed producing field nutrient present situation and corn to the nutrient absorbing ratio, and do not possess the effect of improving the soil, cause production of hybrid seeds corn quality and output to descend.Therefore, research and development collects nutrition, improving the soil becomes the key point of composite fertilizer's research and development for the production of hybrid seeds corn fertilizer of one.In recent years, the research of relevant composite fertilizer has been subjected to extensive concern, and the special-purpose fertilizer of type yet there are no report but relevant production of hybrid seeds corn is improved the soil.
Summary of the invention
Technical problem to be solved by this invention provides that a kind ofly to collect nutrition, improve the soil be that the improving the soil property of production of hybrid seeds corn of one is special-purpose fertile.
For addressing the above problem, a kind of improving the soil property of production of hybrid seeds corn of the present invention is special-purpose fertile, it is characterized in that: the special-purpose fertilizer of this improving the soil property is formed by air-dry weight per-cent 72.32 ~ 82.70:10.80 ~ 20.81:5.40 ~ 8.20:0.59 ~ 0.70:0.59 ~ 0.70:0.29 ~ 0.40 mixing granulation by furfural dregs, urea, monoammonium phosphate, zinc sulfate, polyvinyl alcohol, ammonium molybdate.
Described furfural dregs refers to that granularity is 0.50 ~ 1mm, and contains organic 66 ~ 70%, C 49 ~ 64%, full N 0.50 ~ 0.61%, full P 0.30 ~ 0.36%, the furfural dregs powder of full K 1.10 ~ 1.18%.
Described urea refers to that granularity is 0.50 ~ 1mm, and to contain the N massfraction be 46% urea powder.
Described monoammonium phosphate refers to that granularity is 0.50 ~ 1mm, and to contain the N massfraction be 12%, contain P 2O 5Massfraction is 52% monoammonium phosphate powder.
Described zinc sulfate refers to granularity 0.50 ~ 1mm, and to contain the Zn massfraction be 23% zinc sulphate powder.
Described polyvinyl alcohol refers to that particle diameter is the pva powder of 0.50 ~ 1mm.
Described ammonium molybdate refers to that granularity is 0.50 ~ 1mm, and contains M 0Massfraction is 54.3% ammonium molybdate powder.
The special-purpose fertile production method of aforesaid a kind of improving the soil property of production of hybrid seeds corn may further comprise the steps:
⑴ by each component of prescription weighing;
⑵ carry in mixing machine after furfural dregs, urea, monoammonium phosphate, zinc sulfate, polyvinyl alcohol, ammonium molybdate are measured according to formula rate, mixes obtaining mixture after 25 ~ 30 minutes;
⑶ described mixture carries out drying after the granulation according to a conventional method, 340 ~ 350 ℃ of dry temperature ins, and 110 ~ 120 ℃ of dry temperature outs are crossed 2 ~ 4mm sieve packing namely after being cooled to room temperature.
The present invention compared with prior art has the following advantages:
1, the present invention uses the theoretical and theory of fostering and apply fertilizer of improving the soil of crop alimentary balance fertilizing,------soil conditioner polyvinyl alcohol with high polymers, urea, monoammonium phosphate, zinc sulfate is raw material, adopt orthogonal test method to determine the raw material best of breed, the synthetic type of improving the soil is special-purpose fertile, and carry out proof test, reach the coordination soil nutrient balance, improve the purpose of soil physical properties, it is big to have solved Hexi Corridor, Gansu Province production of hybrid seeds maize sown area, continuous cropping year limit for length, the chemical fertilizer input amount is big, organic fertilizer input amount deficiency is used chemical fertilizer for a long time in a large number, and the calcium ion that adsorbs on the soil colloid is replaced by ammonium ion, soil aggregate is destroyed, and causes problems such as soil compaction.
2, because the polyvinyl alcohol that the present invention selects for use is a kind of cementing material, therefore, can stick ped together, form more stable coacervate, the water of soil, fertilizer, gas, heat have obtained coordination.
3, the furfural dregs selected for use of the present invention can synthesize agron under the effect of soil microorganisms, and functional groups such as the phenolic hydroxyl group in the soil ulmin, carboxyl, methoxyl group, carbonyl, hydroxyl, the quinonyl back of dissociating is electronegative, the Ca in the calcareous soil of the absorption west of a river 2+, Ca 2+Be a kind of cementing material, promoted the formation of soil aggregate, improved soil physical effectively.
4, the present invention is carried out after the mass analysis as can be seen, product of the present invention reaches the specification of quality (referring to table 1) of composite fertilizer.
Table 1 product quality analysis result of the present invention
Figure 82925DEST_PATH_IMAGE001
5, the present invention is carried out field test:
⑴ experimental field overview:
Test in 2010 ~ 2012 years production of hybrid seeds corn fields at sweet pretty town continuous cropping 8 a of Gao Jia village village four societies of Gansu Province's Zhangye Ganzhou District and carry out, sea level elevation 1 495 m, 6.80 ℃ of average annual temperatures, average annual quantity of precipitation 116 mm, average annual steam output 1 900 mm, frostless seasons 160 d.Soil type is to irritate desert soil, and 0 ~ 20 cm soil layer contains organic 12.35 g/kg, alkali-hydrolyzable nitrogen 96.43 mg/kg, rapid available phosphorus 12.65 mg/kg, available potassium 165.54 mg/kg, pH value 7.73, effectively zinc 0.38 μ g/g.
⑵ test materials:
Furfural dregs contains organic matter 76.36%, full N 0.55%.Full P 0.43%, full K1.18%; Polyvinyl alcohol, molecular mass 5 500 ~ 7 500, pH value 6.0 ~ 8.0, viscosity 12 ~ 16, particle diameter 0.05 mm; Urea contains N 46%; Monoammonium phosphate contains N 12%, P 2O 552%; Zinc sulfate contains Zn 23%; Ammonium molybdate, granularity 0.50 ~ 1mm contains M 0Massfraction is 54.3%.The crop of participating in the experiment is corn, and kind is Zheng Dan Zheng 958(58 * prosperous 7-2).
⑶ test processing:
At pure N, P 2O 5(pure N343.50 kg/hm under the condition that input amount equates 2, pure P 2O 5Be 172.50 kg/hm 2), test designs 3 groups of processing altogether, handles 1, contrast (not applying fertilizer); Handle 2, traditional fertilizer, urea 600 kg/hm 2+ diammonium phosphate 375 kg/hm 2Handle 3, the special-purpose fertile 5330.58kg/hm of improving the soil property 2, each test is handled and is repeated 3 times, and district's group is arranged at random.
⑷ field planting method field test residential quarter area is 24 m 2(6 m * 4 m) build the ridge around each residential quarter, wide 40 cm in the ridge, and high 30 cm in the ridge, April 22 2008 ~ 2010 year sowing time, maternal field planting spacing in the rows 25 cm, line-spacing 50 cm, male parent disposes with Stem and leaf of Hongkong Pavetta, spacing in the rows 50 cm.The type of improving the soil special-purpose fertile 1/3 is made base fertilizer and is applied 0 ~ 20 cm soil layer before corn seeding, residue 2/3 is done to topdress at corn typhon mouth phase and tasseling stage respectively and spreaded manuer in holes.Respectively pour water 1 time in corn jointing stage, boot stage, heading stage, filling stage, milk stage, each residential quarter irrigation quantity equates that 900 m pour water at every turn 3/ hm 2
⑸ the present invention carries out soil physical properties test back and finds, the special-purpose fertilizer of improving the soil property compares with traditional fertilizer, soil total porosity, capillary porosity, noncapillary poropsity, coacervate have increased by 1.88,0.88,1.03,2.66 percentage points respectively, and the volume to weight ratio traditional fertilizer has reduced by 0.05 g/cm 3(referring to table 2).
Table 2 the present invention is to the influence of soil physical properties
Figure 195237DEST_PATH_IMAGE002
⑹ the present invention carries out corn economic characters and output test back and finds, improving the soil property special-purpose fertile and traditional fertilizer relatively, corn grain number per spike, fringe grain are heavy, 100-grain weight, output have increased by 29.47,15.64g, 2.87g respectively and 1243.38 kg/hm 2(referring to table 3).
Table 3 the present invention is to the influence of corn economic characters and output
Figure 530404DEST_PATH_IMAGE003
⑺ the present invention carries out finding after the economic benefit test that the special-purpose fertilizer of improving the soil property compares with traditional fertilizer, and fertilization profit has increased by 5584.74 yuan/hm 2(referring to table 4).
Table 4 the present invention is to the influence of corn economic benefit
Annotate: price (unit/ton), furfural dregs 100; Urea 2000; Monoammonium phosphate 4200; Zinc sulfate 3500; Polyvinyl alcohol 24000; Ammonium molybdate 20000; Production of hybrid seeds corn 5500; The special-purpose fertile 755.80(of improving the soil property of production of hybrid seeds corn is formed by the 80.35:12:6:0.66:0.66:0.33 mixing granulation respectively by furfural dregs, urea, monoammonium phosphate, zinc sulfate, polyvinyl alcohol, the air-dry percent by weight of ammonium molybdate).
6, remarkable in economical benefits of the present invention.The present invention in 2010,2011,2012 on corn seed producing field, Hexi Corridor, Gansu effectively popularizing area be 10.35 ten thousand mu.According to " the agricultural science and technology achievement economic benefit computing method " that the Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences issues, project is promoted the economic benefit in year and estimated, the result shows: newly-increased 4718.57 ten thousand yuan of the gross output values (10.35 ten thousand mu * 455.90 yuan/mu); Newly-increased 3853.51 ten thousand yuan of fertilization profits (10.35 ten thousand mu * 372.32 yuan/mu).
7, raw material of the present invention is easy to get, and is easy to implement.
Embodiment
Embodiment 1A kind of improving the soil property of production of hybrid seeds corn is special-purpose fertile, and the special-purpose fertilizer of this improving the soil property is formed by air-dry weight per-cent (kg/kg) 80.35:12.00:6.00:0.66:0.66:0.33 mixing granulation by furfural dregs, urea, monoammonium phosphate, zinc sulfate, polyvinyl alcohol, ammonium molybdate.
The production method of this special use fertilizer may further comprise the steps:
⑴ by each component of prescription weighing.
⑵ carry in mixing machine after furfural dregs, urea, monoammonium phosphate, zinc sulfate, polyvinyl alcohol, ammonium molybdate are measured according to formula rate, mixes obtaining mixture after 25 ~ 30 minutes.
⑶ mixture carries out drying after the granulation according to a conventional method, 340 ~ 350 ℃ of dry temperature ins, and 110 ~ 120 ℃ of dry temperature outs are crossed 2 ~ 4mm sieve packing namely after being cooled to room temperature.
Embodiment 2A kind of improving the soil property of production of hybrid seeds corn is special-purpose fertile, and the special-purpose fertilizer of this improving the soil property is formed by air-dry weight per-cent (kg/kg) 72.32:20.81:5.40:0.59:0.59:0.29 mixing granulation by furfural dregs, urea, monoammonium phosphate, zinc sulfate, polyvinyl alcohol, ammonium molybdate.
The production method of this special use fertilizer together Embodiment 1
Embodiment 3A kind of improving the soil property of production of hybrid seeds corn is special-purpose fertile, and the special-purpose fertilizer of this improving the soil property is formed by air-dry weight per-cent (kg/kg) 82.7:10.80:5.00:0.60:0.60:0.30 mixing granulation by furfural dregs, urea, monoammonium phosphate, zinc sulfate, polyvinyl alcohol, ammonium molybdate.
The production method of this special use fertilizer together Embodiment 1
Embodiment 4A kind of improving the soil property of production of hybrid seeds corn is special-purpose fertile, and the special-purpose fertilizer of this improving the soil property is formed by air-dry weight per-cent (kg/kg) 75.0:15.0:8.2:0.7:0.7:0.4 mixing granulation by furfural dregs, urea, monoammonium phosphate, zinc sulfate, polyvinyl alcohol, ammonium molybdate.
The production method of this special use fertilizer together Embodiment 1
Embodiment 5A kind of improving the soil property of production of hybrid seeds corn is special-purpose fertile, and the special-purpose fertilizer of this improving the soil property is formed by air-dry weight per-cent (kg/kg) 74.5:16.35:7.5:0.65:0.65:0.35 mixing granulation by furfural dregs, urea, monoammonium phosphate, zinc sulfate, polyvinyl alcohol, ammonium molybdate.
The production method of this special use fertilizer together Embodiment 1
Embodiment 6A kind of improving the soil property of production of hybrid seeds corn is special-purpose fertile, and the special-purpose fertilizer of this improving the soil property is formed by air-dry weight per-cent (kg/kg) 73.0:17.26:8.0:0.68:0.68:0.38 mixing granulation by furfural dregs, urea, monoammonium phosphate, zinc sulfate, polyvinyl alcohol, ammonium molybdate.
The production method of this special use fertilizer together Embodiment 1
Above-mentioned Embodiment 1 ~ 6In, furfural dregs refers to that granularity is 0.50 ~ 1mm, and contains organic 66 ~ 70%, C 49 ~ 64%, full N 0.50 ~ 0.61%, and full P 0.30 ~ 0.36%, the furfural dregs powder of full K 1.10 ~ 1.18%, sharing chemical industry company limited by Gansu provides.
Urea refers to that granularity is 0.50 ~ 1mm, and to contain the N massfraction be 46% urea powder, is produced by chemical plant, Liujia Gorge, Gansu.
Monoammonium phosphate refers to that granularity is 0.50 ~ 1mm, and to contain the N massfraction be 12%, contain P 2O 5Massfraction is 52% monoammonium phosphate powder, is produced by Yunnan Prov Yuntianhua International Chemical Co., Ltd.
Zinc sulfate refers to granularity 0.50 ~ 1mm, and to contain the Zn massfraction be 23% zinc sulphate powder, is produced by chemical plant, Liujia Gorge, Gansu.
Polyvinyl alcohol refers to that particle diameter is the pva powder of 0.50 ~ 1mm, and Materials Co., Ltd produces by the blue reform in Gansu.
Ammonium molybdate refers to that granularity is 0.50 ~ 1mm, and contains M 0Massfraction is 54.3% ammonium molybdate powder, is produced by the Bill of Zhengzhou City Raw Materials Company of Chemical Industry.

Claims (8)

1. an improving the soil property of production of hybrid seeds corn is special-purpose fertile, it is characterized in that: the special-purpose fertilizer of this improving the soil property is formed by air-dry weight per-cent 72.32 ~ 82.70:10.80 ~ 20.81:5.40 ~ 8.20:0.59 ~ 0.70:0.59 ~ 0.70:0.29 ~ 0.40 mixing granulation by furfural dregs, urea, monoammonium phosphate, zinc sulfate, polyvinyl alcohol, ammonium molybdate.
2. a kind of improving the soil property of production of hybrid seeds corn as claimed in claim 1 is special-purpose fertile, and it is characterized in that: described furfural dregs refers to that granularity is 0.50 ~ 1mm, and contains organic 66 ~ 70%, C 49 ~ 64%, full N 0.50 ~ 0.61%, full P 0.30 ~ 0.36%, the furfural dregs powder of full K 1.10 ~ 1.18%.
3. a kind of improving the soil property of production of hybrid seeds corn as claimed in claim 1 is special-purpose fertile, and it is characterized in that: described urea refers to that granularity is 0.50 ~ 1mm, and to contain the N massfraction be 46% urea powder.
4. a kind of improving the soil property of production of hybrid seeds corn as claimed in claim 1 is special-purpose fertile, and it is characterized in that: described monoammonium phosphate refers to that granularity is 0.50 ~ 1mm, and to contain the N massfraction be 12%, contain P 2O 5Massfraction is 52% monoammonium phosphate powder.
5. a kind of improving the soil property of production of hybrid seeds corn as claimed in claim 1 is special-purpose fertile, and it is characterized in that: described zinc sulfate refers to granularity 0.50 ~ 1mm, and to contain the Zn massfraction be 23% zinc sulphate powder.
6. a kind of improving the soil property of production of hybrid seeds corn as claimed in claim 1 is special-purpose fertile, and it is characterized in that: described polyvinyl alcohol refers to that particle diameter is the pva powder of 0.50 ~ 1mm.
7. a kind of improving the soil property of production of hybrid seeds corn as claimed in claim 1 is special-purpose fertile, and it is characterized in that: described ammonium molybdate refers to that granularity is 0.50 ~ 1mm, and contains M 0Massfraction is 54.3% ammonium molybdate powder.
8. the special-purpose fertile production method of a kind of improving the soil property of production of hybrid seeds corn as claimed in claim 1 may further comprise the steps:
⑴ by each component of prescription weighing;
⑵ carry in mixing machine after furfural dregs, urea, monoammonium phosphate, zinc sulfate, polyvinyl alcohol, ammonium molybdate are measured according to formula rate, mixes obtaining mixture after 25 ~ 30 minutes;
⑶ described mixture carries out drying after the granulation according to a conventional method, 340 ~ 350 ℃ of dry temperature ins, and 110 ~ 120 ℃ of dry temperature outs are crossed 2 ~ 4mm sieve packing namely after being cooled to room temperature.
CN2013102953731A 2013-07-15 2013-07-15 Special fertilizer for modifying soil property of seed corn Pending CN103342607A (en)

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Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPH11217566A (en) * 1998-02-04 1999-08-10 Sekisui Chem Co Ltd Soil-improving agent, production of soil-improving agent, planting substrate using soil improving agent and production of the same planting substrate
CN101747102A (en) * 2008-12-17 2010-06-23 中国科学院沈阳应用生态研究所 Dedicated fertilizer for producing green corn and preparation and application method thereof
CN102320890A (en) * 2011-08-24 2012-01-18 甘肃省敦煌种业股份有限公司玉门市种子公司 Production of hybrid seeds corn is multi-functional special-purpose fertile
CN102936173A (en) * 2012-12-06 2013-02-20 甘肃省敦煌种业股份有限公司玉门市种子公司 Seed production cornfield continuous cropping obstacle conditioner
CN102965120A (en) * 2012-12-06 2013-03-13 甘肃省敦煌种业股份有限公司玉门市种子公司 Modifying agent for physicochemical properties of soil

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPH11217566A (en) * 1998-02-04 1999-08-10 Sekisui Chem Co Ltd Soil-improving agent, production of soil-improving agent, planting substrate using soil improving agent and production of the same planting substrate
CN101747102A (en) * 2008-12-17 2010-06-23 中国科学院沈阳应用生态研究所 Dedicated fertilizer for producing green corn and preparation and application method thereof
CN102320890A (en) * 2011-08-24 2012-01-18 甘肃省敦煌种业股份有限公司玉门市种子公司 Production of hybrid seeds corn is multi-functional special-purpose fertile
CN102936173A (en) * 2012-12-06 2013-02-20 甘肃省敦煌种业股份有限公司玉门市种子公司 Seed production cornfield continuous cropping obstacle conditioner
CN102965120A (en) * 2012-12-06 2013-03-13 甘肃省敦煌种业股份有限公司玉门市种子公司 Modifying agent for physicochemical properties of soil

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Application publication date: 20131009