CN103335888B - A kind of well cementation later stage anti-gas channeling simulation test device - Google Patents
A kind of well cementation later stage anti-gas channeling simulation test device Download PDFInfo
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- CN103335888B CN103335888B CN201310212082.1A CN201310212082A CN103335888B CN 103335888 B CN103335888 B CN 103335888B CN 201310212082 A CN201310212082 A CN 201310212082A CN 103335888 B CN103335888 B CN 103335888B
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of well cementation later stage anti-gas channeling simulation test device, comprise pipe, cement mantle outer tube and shell in load pull bar, cement mantle, in load pull bar, cement mantle, pipe, cement mantle outer tube and shell from inside to outside set gradually, the first annular seal space is formed between pipe in load pull bar and cement mantle, load pull bar inner chamber is communicated with the first annular seal space, and load pull bar inner chamber is communicated with the first connecting hole for injected media; Form the second annular seal space between pipe and cement mantle outer tube in cement mantle, the second annular seal space is communicated with the second connecting hole for injected media; Form the 3rd annular seal space between cement mantle outer tube and shell, the 3rd annular seal space is communicated with the 3rd connecting hole for injected media.The size of energy full-scale simulation Behavior of Hardened Cement Paste of the present invention, full-scope simulation Behavior of Hardened Cement Paste, by load condition, studies the sealing integrity of Behavior of Hardened Cement Paste, be convenient to take specific aim measure, improve mortar architecture, be conducive to improving Behavior of Hardened Cement Paste later stage anti-gas channeling performance, thus improve cementing quality.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of well cementation later stage anti-gas channeling simulation test device, belong to oil gas field well cementing operation engineering simulation test field.
Background technology
The has channeling that well cementation is inquired into refers to because of annular space sealing defect after well cementation, and gas through filter cake, invades annular space, alters a kind of phenomenon to well head from stratum.Data at home and abroad statistics shows, has channeling is the difficult problems that nearly all gasser all will face.With the prolongation of gasser recovery time, domestic natural gas well annular channeling is also with pressure day by day serious.In Tarim Basin, all there is gasser annular channeling and with pressure, wherein with pressure particularly outstanding with the annular space of Tarim gas province and Sichuan-chongqing Region in dark, the Chang Shensi atmospheric zone, Jilin of Chongqing of Sichuan, grand celebration celebrating.Annular channeling after well cementation will destroy Inter-zonal packing, cause annular space sealing to lose efficacy, and cause gas to alter to well head, even blowout may occur time serious, cause huge infringement to Oil/gas Well safety in production.
Research shows, the main cause that Leakage Gas occurs is in subsequent construction operation process, and cement mantle sealing integrity lost efficacy.Exploitation Behavior of Hardened Cement Paste later stage anti-channeling simulation test device becomes the key solving has channeling problem.Get Le company of the U.S. thousand have developed FMA7150 has channeling and evaluates instrument, cement slurry water loss and has channeling process can be simulated, but instrument cannot carry out Behavior of Hardened Cement Paste anti-channeling simulation test under the effect of high pressure operating mode by structure (circular cylinder other than ring type cylinder, can not real simulation Behavior of Hardened Cement Paste by overpressure and stratum confined pressure) and maximum working pressure (MOP) restriction (maximum working pressure (MOP) 10MPa).Domestic have developed evaluates with has channeling the analogue means that instrument is representative so that OWC-0480 type oil well cement is weightless, cement slurry weight loss and has channeling is analyzed mainly through simultaneous test, it is similar that structure and FMA7150 has channeling evaluate instrument, cannot analyze Behavior of Hardened Cement Paste later stage sealing property equally.Grand celebration probing company have developed sleeve pipe cement ring structure integrity testing apparatus for 2011, overpressure change can be analyzed affect cement mantle integrality, but device cannot apply confined pressure, can not simulated formation to the effect of cement mantle, cannot scientific evaluation Behavior of Hardened Cement Paste later stage anti-channeling ability.
In sum, domestic anti-channeling analog meter major part is for evaluating grout anti-channeling ability, and the anti-channeling simulation of Behavior of Hardened Cement Paste later stage can not be carried out, though all the other devices can analyze Behavior of Hardened Cement Paste later stage anti-channeling ability, but shaft structure is simple, can not confined pressure be applied, cannot simulated formation to the effect of Behavior of Hardened Cement Paste, can not science Simulated Water mudstone later stage anti-channeling performance.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is to for existing Behavior of Hardened Cement Paste sealing integrity above shortcomings, a kind of well cementation later stage anti-gas channeling simulation test device is provided, the size of energy full-scale simulation Behavior of Hardened Cement Paste of the present invention, full-scope simulation Behavior of Hardened Cement Paste is by load condition (comprising overpressure and stratum confined pressure), the sealing integrity of research Behavior of Hardened Cement Paste, is convenient to take specific aim measure, improves mortar architecture, be conducive to improving Behavior of Hardened Cement Paste later stage anti-gas channeling performance, thus improve cementing quality.
For achieving the above object, the technical solution used in the present invention is as follows:
A kind of well cementation later stage anti-gas channeling simulation test device, it is characterized in that: comprise pipe, cement mantle outer tube and shell in load pull bar, cement mantle, in load pull bar, cement mantle, pipe, cement mantle outer tube and shell from inside to outside set gradually, the first annular seal space is formed between pipe in load pull bar and cement mantle, load pull bar inner chamber is communicated with the first annular seal space, and load pull bar inner chamber is communicated with the first connecting hole for injected media; Form the second annular seal space between pipe and cement mantle outer tube in cement mantle, the second annular seal space is communicated with the second connecting hole for injected media; Form the 3rd annular seal space between cement mantle outer tube and shell, the 3rd annular seal space is communicated with the 3rd connecting hole for injected media.
Two ends between described cement mantle outer tube and shell are respectively arranged with the first sealing ring, two ends in cement mantle between pipe and cement mantle outer tube are respectively arranged with the second sealing ring, two ends in cement mantle between pipe and load pull bar are respectively arranged with the 3rd sealing ring, second sealing ring of upper end is provided with two the second connecting holes for injected media, the second sealing ring of lower end is provided with second connecting hole for injected media.
The interior pipe of described cement mantle, cement mantle outer tube are identical with the length of shell, and upper end is provided with upper cover plate, and lower end is provided with lower shoe.
The length of described load pull bar is greater than pipe in cement mantle, and load pull bar two ends are each passed through upper cover plate and lower shoe, and load pull bar upper end is provided with upper plug head, and lower end is provided with lower end cap, and the first connecting hole is two, and is arranged on upper plug head.
Described load pull bar is hollow tubular, and load pull bar is provided with by-pass port, and load pull bar inner chamber is communicated with the first annular seal space by by-pass port.
Described 3rd connecting hole is two, is separately positioned on shell top and bottom.
Employing the invention has the advantages that:
One, pipe energy full-scale simulation well cementing casing pipe in cement mantle of the present invention, cement mantle outer tube energy full-scale simulation well cementation upper strata sleeve pipe or rock stratum, realize cement mantle full-scale simulation cementing concrete ring.
Two, in the present invention, two ends up and down in cement mantle between pipe and cement mantle outer tube are respectively arranged with the second sealing ring, form the second annular seal space, second sealing ring is respectively arranged with the second connecting hole that threaded connection hole is, by the second connecting hole to cementing in annular seal space, realize simulation to build the pressure Hou Ning, fluid injection body or gas, inspection Behavior of Hardened Cement Paste later stage anti-channeling performance.
Three, in the present invention, the two ends up and down in load pull bar and cement mantle between pipe are provided with the 3rd sealing ring and form the first annular seal space, and load pull bar has by-pass port, link up and the first annular seal space in load pull bar and cement mantle between pipe; Upper plug head is provided with threaded connection hole i.e. the first connecting hole, suppresses in cavity by the first connecting hole, the intraluminal fluid pressure change that realization simulation well cementation later stage pressure testing and other production operation cause.
Four, in the present invention, two ends up and down between cement mantle outer tube and shell are respectively arranged with the first sealing ring, form the 3rd annular seal space, shell are provided with a threaded connection hole i.e. the 3rd connecting hole, suppress in cavity by the 3rd connecting hole, realize the confined pressure of simulated formation.
Five, in the present invention, in each period after the cement slurry sets injected, after simulation pressure testing, after simulation well-completion practice, in cement mantle, pipe can overall take out with cement mantle outer tube, cuts open, intuitively watches the details of Behavior of Hardened Cement Paste.
Six, in the present invention, annular seal space is formed between pipe and cement mantle outer tube in cement mantle, there is the second sealing ring at upper and lower two ends, and be respectively arranged with two and a threaded connection hole, cement can be injected by two, top threaded connection hole, simulate the Hou Ning that builds the pressure, can gas injection experience be altered by lower thread connecting hole.
Seven, in the present invention, by-pass port is had in the middle part of load pull bar, pipe in cement mantle can be linked up, form annular seal space, by the threaded connection hole of upper plug head, can give in cavity suppress, pressure release and circulation suppress, build the pressure in simulative tube operating modes such as waiting solidifying, well cementation later stage pressure testing, drilling fluid density reduction, alternate load.
Eight, the present invention applies hydraulic pressure by threaded connection hole on the threaded connection hole of upper plug head, the second sealing ring screw top connecting hole, shell and can change load mode, simulation builds the pressure operating modes such as waiting in solidifying, pipe string pressure test, well drilling fluid density reduction, annulus test, alternate load, and after simulation terminates, carry out has channeling experiment, after experiment terminates, cement mantle entirety is dissected, analyzes section cement mantle and whether form crack.
In sum, this apparatus structure is simple, easy to operate, energy full-scale simulation well cementation pit shaft, the load that comprehensive simulated well cementation Hou Ning, later stage pressure testing and well-completion practice Behavior of Hardened Cement Paste bear, the later stage anti-channeling performance of Behavior of Hardened Cement Paste can be checked, cut the structure watching Behavior of Hardened Cement Paste open, real simulation underground working, methodological science, conclusion is accurate, can effectively instruct mortar architecture to design, significant to raising cementing quality.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is structural representation of the present invention
Be labeled as in figure: 1, upper plug head, 2, load pull bar, 3, upper cover plate, the 4, first sealing ring, the 5, second sealing ring 6, the 3rd sealing ring, 7, pipe in cement mantle, 8, cement mantle outer tube, 9, shell, 10, lower shoe, 11, lower end cap.
Embodiment
Embodiment 1:
A kind of well cementation later stage anti-gas channeling simulation test device, comprise pipe 7 in load pull bar 2, cement mantle, cement mantle outer tube 8 and shell 9, in load pull bar 2, cement mantle, pipe 7, cement mantle outer tube 8 and shell 9 from inside to outside set gradually, the first annular seal space is formed between pipe 7 in load pull bar 2 and cement mantle, load pull bar inner chamber is communicated with the first annular seal space, and load pull bar inner chamber is communicated with the first connecting hole for injected media; Form the second annular seal space between pipe and cement mantle outer tube in cement mantle, the second annular seal space is communicated with the second connecting hole for injected media; Form the 3rd annular seal space between cement mantle outer tube and shell, the 3rd annular seal space is communicated with the 3rd connecting hole for injected media; Aforementioned connecting hole is threaded connection hole.
Pipe 7 in described cement mantle, cement mantle outer tube 8 are identical with the length of shell 9, and upper end is provided with upper cover plate 3, and lower end is provided with lower shoe 10.
The length of described load pull bar 2 is greater than pipe 7 in cement mantle, and load pull bar 2 two ends are each passed through upper cover plate 3 and lower shoe 10, and load pull bar 2 upper end is provided with upper plug head 1, and lower end is provided with lower end cap 11, and the first connecting hole is two, and is arranged on upper plug head 1.
The present invention will be further described below:
As better embodiment of the present invention, the present invention mainly comprises: pipe 7, cement mantle outer tube 8, shell 9, lower shoe 10, lower end cap 11 in upper plug head 1, load pull bar 2, upper cover plate 3, first sealing ring 4, second sealing ring 5, the 3rd sealing ring 6, cement mantle.
In the present invention, in load pull bar 2, cement mantle, pipe 7, cement mantle outer tube 8, shell 9 are from inside to outside installed successively.In two ends up and down in described load pull bar 2 and cement mantle between pipe 7, cement mantle, the two ends up and down between pipe 7 and cement mantle outer tube 8, the two ends up and down between cement mantle outer tube 8 and shell 9 are respectively arranged with the 3rd sealing ring 6, second sealing ring 5, first sealing ring 4.
Described upper cover plate 3 is positioned at load pull bar 2 top, and is positioned at the upper end of cement mantle pipe 7, cement mantle outer tube 8, shell 9, and upper plug head 1 is threaded connection the upper end at load pull bar 2.
Described lower shoe 10 is positioned at the bottom of load pull bar 2, and is positioned at the lower end of cement mantle pipe 7, cement mantle outer tube 8, shell 9, and lower end cap 11 is threaded connection the lower end at load pull bar 2.
Described load pull bar 2 is hollow tubular, and body has by-pass port.Described upper plug head 1 is provided with two threaded connection holes.Described two the second sealing rings 5 are respectively arranged with threaded connection hole.Described shell 9 is provided with threaded connection hole.
Such version, pipe 7 energy full-scale simulation well cementing casing pipe in cement mantle, cement mantle outer tube 8 energy full-scale simulation well cementation upper strata sleeve pipe or rock stratum, thus accurate simulation well cementation pit shaft and cementing concrete ring.Form annular seal space between pipe 7 and cement mantle outer tube 8 in cement mantle, can inject cement by the threaded connection hole on the second sealing ring 5, simulate the Hou Ning that builds the pressure, gas injection is experienced and is altered.Annular seal space between pipe 7 in load pull bar 2 and cement mantle, by the threaded connection hole of upper plug head 1, can give in cavity and suppress, simulation well cementation later stage pressure testing.Annular seal space between cement mantle outer tube 8 and shell 9, suppresses in cavity by threaded connection hole on shell 9, simulated formation confined pressure.Meanwhile, inject the cement solidifies after, each period after simulation pressure testing, after simulation well-completion practice, pipe can overall take out with cement mantle outer tube in cement mantle, cuts open, intuitively watches the details of Behavior of Hardened Cement Paste.
Embodiment 2
Another better embodiment of the present invention, simulation cement mantle builds the pressure to wait and coagulates.By Fig. 1, the present invention is assembled, then the threaded connection hole on bottom second sealing ring 5 is blocked, grout is injected by the threaded connection hole on top second sealing ring 5, fill the annular space of pipe 7 and cement mantle outer tube 8 in cement mantle, built the pressure by the threaded connection hole on top second sealing ring 5 again, carry out simulation cement mantle build the pressure wait solidifying.
Embodiment 3
Another better embodiment of the present invention, building the pressure in simulation cement endless tube, it is solidifying to wait.By Fig. 1, the present invention is assembled, then the threaded connection hole on bottom second sealing ring 5 is blocked, grout is injected by the threaded connection hole on top second sealing ring 5, fill the annular space of pipe 7 and cement mantle outer tube 8 in cement mantle, built the pressure by the threaded connection hole on top second sealing ring 5 again, built the pressure in pipe in cement mantle 7 by the threaded connection hole of upper plug head 1, thus carry out pipe in simulation cement mantle build the pressure wait solidifying.
Embodiment 4
Another better embodiment of the present invention, simulation pipe string pressure test.After theing cement solidifies, can be built the pressure by the annular space of threaded connection hole on shell 9 to cement mantle outer tube 8 and shell 9 according to demand, simulated formation confined pressure, is then built the pressure to pipe in cement mantle 7 by the threaded connection hole of upper plug head 1, pressure is progressively increased to setting value, simulation pressure testing process intraluminal fluid pressure.After simulation terminates, apply air pressure by the threaded connection hole on the second sealing ring 5 to bottom pipe in cement mantle 7 and cement mantle outer tube 8 annular space, air pressure progressively raises, if there is has channeling, terminates experiment.
Embodiment 5
Another better embodiment of the present invention, in simulation well, drilling fluid density reduces.After cement slurry sets, can be built the pressure by the annular space of threaded connection hole on shell 9 to cement mantle outer tube 8 and shell 9 according to demand, simulated formation confined pressure, then build the pressure to setting value by the threaded connection hole of upper plug head 1 to pipe in cement mantle 7, progressively reduce intraluminal fluid pressure by the threaded connection hole of upper plug head 1 again, in simulation well, drilling fluid density reduces.
Embodiment 6
Another better embodiment of the present invention, the impact of operation alternate load in simulation well.After cement slurry sets, can be built the pressure by the annular space of threaded connection hole on shell 9 to cement mantle outer tube 8 and shell 9 according to demand, simulated formation confined pressure, can be built the pressure by the annular space of threaded connection hole on shell 9 to cement mantle outer tube 8 and shell 9 according to demand, simulated formation confined pressure, then the threaded connection hole of upper plug head 1 is passed through to pipe in cement mantle 7 circulation pressurization, pressure release, operation alternate load in simulation well.
Embodiment 7
Another better embodiment of the present invention, simulation annulus test.After cement mantle solidifies, can be built the pressure by the annular space of threaded connection hole on shell 9 to cement mantle outer tube 8 and shell 9 according to demand, simulated formation confined pressure, is then built the pressure by the second sealing ring 5 screw top connecting hole, simulation annulus test.
Embodiment 8
A better embodiment more of the present invention, in arbitrary simulated experiment process of embodiment 2 ~ embodiment 7 or after terminating, air pressure is applied to bottom pipe in cement mantle 7 and cement mantle outer tube 8 annular space by the threaded connection hole on top second sealing ring 5, air pressure progressively raises, carry out gas detect by the threaded connection hole on bottom second sealing ring 5, if gas overflowing detected, illustrate that cement mantle there occurs has channeling, thus take specific aim measure, improve cement mantle later stage anti-channeling performance.
Embodiment 9
A better embodiment more of the present invention, after arbitrary simulated experiment of embodiment 2 ~ embodiment 8 terminates, removable device, in overall taking-up cement mantle, pipe 7, cement mantle outer tube 8 and cement mantle are cut open, inherent vice, the failure mode of research cement mantle directly perceived, be convenient to take specific aim measure, the integrality of refinforced cement stone, improve cement mantle later stage anti-channeling performance.
Claims (5)
1. a well cementation later stage anti-gas channeling simulation test device, it is characterized in that: comprise pipe (7), cement mantle outer tube (8) and shell (9) in load pull bar (2), cement mantle, in load pull bar (2), cement mantle, pipe (7), cement mantle outer tube (8) and shell (9) from inside to outside set gradually, load pull bar (2) and interior the pipe between (7) of cement mantle form the first annular seal space, load pull bar inner chamber is communicated with the first annular seal space, and load pull bar inner chamber is communicated with the first connecting hole for injected media; Form the second annular seal space between pipe (7) and cement mantle outer tube (8) in cement mantle, the second annular seal space is communicated with the second connecting hole for injected media; Form the 3rd annular seal space between cement mantle outer tube (8) and shell (9), the 3rd annular seal space is communicated with the 3rd connecting hole for injected media, and described 3rd connecting hole is two, is separately positioned on shell (9) top and bottom.
2. one well cementation later stage anti-gas channeling simulation test device according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: the two ends between described cement mantle outer tube (8) and shell (9) are respectively arranged with the first sealing ring (4), two ends in cement mantle between pipe (7) and cement mantle outer tube (8) are respectively arranged with the second sealing ring (5), two ends in cement mantle between pipe (7) and load pull bar (2) are respectively arranged with the 3rd sealing ring (6), second sealing ring of upper end is provided with two the second connecting holes for injected media, second sealing ring of lower end is provided with second connecting hole for injected media.
3. one well cementation later stage anti-gas channeling simulation test device according to claim 1 and 2, it is characterized in that: manage (7) in described cement mantle, cement mantle outer tube (8) is identical with the length of shell (9), upper end is provided with upper cover plate (3), and lower end is provided with lower shoe (10).
4. one well cementation later stage anti-gas channeling simulation test device according to claim 3, it is characterized in that: the length of described load pull bar (2) is greater than pipe (7) in cement mantle, load pull bar (2) two ends are each passed through upper cover plate (3) and lower shoe (10), load pull bar (2) upper end is provided with upper plug head (1), lower end is provided with lower end cap (11), first connecting hole is two, and is arranged on upper plug head (1).
5. the one well cementation later stage anti-gas channeling simulation test device according to claim 1,2 or 4, it is characterized in that: described load pull bar (2) is hollow tubular, (2) are provided with by-pass port with load pull bar, and load pull bar inner chamber is communicated with the first annular seal space by by-pass port.
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Families Citing this family (9)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104181287B (en) * | 2014-08-18 | 2016-02-03 | 中国海洋石油总公司 | A kind of testing apparatus of well-cementing cement self-reparing capability |
| CN104405366B (en) * | 2014-10-22 | 2017-07-11 | 西南石油大学 | A kind of HTHP cementing concrete ring mechanical integrity test device and method |
| CN106092688A (en) * | 2016-06-23 | 2016-11-09 | 中国科学院武汉岩土力学研究所 | Cementing concrete ring simulation sample and preparation method, its performance test apparatus and method |
| CN107843721B (en) * | 2016-09-19 | 2020-05-22 | 中国石油化工股份有限公司 | Evaluation device for cement paste weightless pressure and gas channeling prevention capability |
| CN109138906B (en) * | 2018-09-20 | 2023-09-22 | 中国石油大学(北京) | Testing device and method for simulating comprehensive performance of underground well cementing cement sheath |
| CN109781604B (en) * | 2019-02-20 | 2021-07-06 | 中国海洋石油集团有限公司 | Channeling measurement method for cement slurry |
| CN110954683B (en) * | 2019-11-29 | 2022-08-02 | 中国海洋石油集团有限公司 | Cement stone integrality and anti ability evaluation device that scurries |
| CN111927435B (en) * | 2020-08-26 | 2022-03-25 | 西南石油大学 | High-temperature high-pressure casing cement sheath stratum seal integrity evaluation device and method |
| CN114215505B (en) * | 2021-12-09 | 2023-05-16 | 西南石油大学 | Quantitative evaluation device and method for cement circumferential and radial deformation under load spectrum effect |
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| US5503227A (en) * | 1995-05-15 | 1996-04-02 | Halliburton Company | Methods of terminating undesirable gas migration in wells |
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| CN2677612Y (en) * | 2003-11-20 | 2005-02-09 | 大庆石油管理局 | Evaluation surveying device for delay well cementation analogue cenmentation quality |
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Effective date of registration: 20200916 Address after: 100007 Beijing, Dongzhimen, North Street, No. 9, No. Co-patentee after: CNPC Chuanqing Drilling Engineering Co.,Ltd. Patentee after: CHINA NATIONAL PETROLEUM Corp. Address before: The 1 section of No. 3 company Chuanqing Drilling Technology Information Office Chenghua District Green Road 610051 Chengdu City, Sichuan Province Patentee before: CNPC Chuanqing Drilling Engineering Co.,Ltd. |
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