CN106640016A - Multi-scale true-triaxial horizontal well hydrofracturing pressure bearing cylinder and using method - Google Patents
Multi-scale true-triaxial horizontal well hydrofracturing pressure bearing cylinder and using method Download PDFInfo
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- CN106640016A CN106640016A CN201510741520.2A CN201510741520A CN106640016A CN 106640016 A CN106640016 A CN 106640016A CN 201510741520 A CN201510741520 A CN 201510741520A CN 106640016 A CN106640016 A CN 106640016A
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Abstract
The invention belongs to the researching field of oil and gas reservoir exploitation techniques, and particularly relates to a multi-scale true-triaxial horizontal well hydrofracturing pressure bearing cylinder and a using method. The device is composed of a pressure bearing cylinder body, a telescopic pulling rod and a pulley base; the pressure bearing cylinder body is connected with the pulley base through a clamping groove, and the telescopic pulling rod is connected with the pulley base through a bolt; a passage hole is formed in the side wall of the pressure bearing cylinder body and used for penetrating out of a horizontal wellbore pre-buried in a testing rock sample, and the horizontal wellbore is connected with a hydrofacturing control system through a fracturing pipe; and steel pressure bearing plates are arranged on the three side free surfaces of the testing rock sample and make close contact with a confining pressure loading system. According to the multi-scale true-triaxial horizontal well hydrofracturing pressure bearing cylinder, manufacturing and operation is easy, the occupied area is small, measuring precision is high, the three-dimensional stress requirement is met, indoor simulation researching can be effectively conducted aiming at horizontal well hydrofracturing of rock reservoirs with different structures, the multi-scale true-triaxial horizontal well hydrofracturing pressure bearing cylinder is especially beneficial for researching influences of reservoir structures and rock mechanical properties on extension rules of cracks in the hydrpfracturing process of a multi-scale rock sample horizontal well, and a theoretical basis is provided for technique design and scheme optimization of hydrofracturing of normal or abnormal densified oil and gas reservoirs.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to oil-gas reservoir production technique research field, and in particular to a kind of multiple dimensioned true triaxial horizontal well hydraulic fracturing pressure-bearing
Cylinder and using method.
Background technology
The unconventionaloil pools such as Chinese land coal bed gas, shale gas, fine and close oil gas hide widely distributed, but these oil-gas reservoir reservoir tools
There is extremely low porosity and permeability, business exploitation needs extensive hydraulic fracturing transformation.In hydraulic fracturing process, formed natural
Crack (depositional bedding) and the interlaced fracture network of man-made fracture, are the keys for improving initil output and ultimate recovery.
Both at home and abroad scientific research institutions also actively seek to set up the incidence relation of microstructure and macrocrack mechanical characteristic, and characterize many
The mechanical mechanism of crack interphase interaction.
Affect the factor of fracture network form after pressure a lot, in addition to being affected by construction factor and technology, main and reservoir
Geological conditions, the structure such as horizontal ground stress deviation, especially rock brittleness, reservoir is relevant.Due to Fracture System observation and comment
The extremely difficult complexity of valency, and the structure control mechanism of at present reservoir fracturing crack extension is still not clear so that it is a kind of it is brand-new,
The experimental rig for easily manipulating, on the basis of reservoir crustal stress condition, mechanical properties of rock and structural form is taken into account, to reservoir
Compressibility is evaluated.
At present existing true triaxial hydraulic fracturing pressure-bearing cylinder can only carry out single size rock sample, Vertical Well hydraulic fracturing test, it is impossible to
Realize under true triaxial stress condition, becoming size rock sample, horizontal well hydraulic fracturing test.And existing true triaxial hydraulic fracturing
The configuration manipulation of pressure-bearing cylinder is complicated, and instrument and equipment not only needs to occupy larger space, loads and unloads also extremely difficult, this space, funds,
Larger consumption is all constituted on human and material resources.
The present invention is a kind of multiple dimensioned true triaxial horizontal well hydraulic fracturing pressure-bearing cylinder and using method.The device manufacture, manipulation are simple,
Floor space is little, and certainty of measurement is high, meets three-dimensional stress requirement, under realizing different structure control, multiple dimensioned rock sample horizontal well
Hydraulically created fracture extensions path, the research purpose for extending variation pattern and rule.
The content of the invention
It is an object of the present invention to provide one kind can carry out horizontal well water under true triaxial stress condition to different structure and size rock sample
The pressure-bearing cylinder and using method for splitting simulated test is forced, multiple dimensioned sample horizontal well hydraulically created fracture extensions path is solved, is extended
Variation pattern and rule study a question.
The technical solution of the present invention, is characterized in that multiple dimensioned true triaxial horizontal well hydraulic fracturing pressure-bearing cylinder by pressure-bearing cylinder body (1),
Telescopic bar (2) and pulley seat (3) are constituted, and pressure-bearing cylinder body (1) is with pulley seat (3) by embedding base
Draw-in groove (4) connects, and telescopic bar (2) is connected with pulley seat (3) by bolt (5), pressure-bearing cylinder body (1) side
Wall is provided with access opening (6), (7), (8), (9), for testing rock sample (10) in pre-buried horizontal wellbore (11) pass, lead to
Pressure break pipe (20) connection hydrofracturing control system (12) is crossed, steel bearing plate (13) is placed in test rock sample (10) three side and faces
Empty face, is in close contact with confined pressure loading system (14).Pressure-bearing cylinder body (1) be by two blocks of L-shaped steel plates, two pieces of rectangular steel plates,
Two blocks of square steel plates are welded, whole cylinder rigidity >=30MN/mm, a side opening as gathering hole (21), for placing difference
Size rock sample.Access opening (6), (9) are respectively arranged on two blocks of L-shaped steel plates, and access opening (7), (8) are respectively arranged in side
On wall square steel plate, passage bore dia d≤50mm, more than pit shaft head (15) external diameter, access opening center relation is by holding
The each side of cylinder pressure body (1) and test rock sample (10) the cross section length of side are determined.Four access openings correspond to respectively four kinds of different sizes
Rock sample, when test rock sample (10) the cross section length of side is a1When, access opening (6) center is a away from AB in BF1/ 2,
When test rock sample (10) the cross section length of side is a2When, access opening (7) center in, BF is a away from BC2/ 2, work as examination
Rock sample (10) the cross section length of side is tested for a3When, access opening (8) center in, CE is a away from BC3/ 2, when test rock
Sample (10) the cross section length of side is a4When, access opening (9) center in, CE is a away from CD4/2.Horizontal wellbore (11)
It is made up of the preforation tunnel (17) on pit shaft head (15), well bore (16) and well bore, well bore (16) is high tensile steel tube, it is long
Degree and external diameter determine according to test rock sample size.Horizontal wellbore perforated interval is located at test rock sample center, so that hydraulic fracture
The crack initiation in the middle part of test rock sample, reaches the purpose of abundant extension.Preforation tunnel (17) arrangement is spirality, using cotton yarn
Filling, blocks eyelet during preventing pre-buried.When it is synthetic core sample to test rock sample, after synthetic core sample pours shaping 10min,
In setting position, when it is original state rock sample to test rock sample, cutting undisturbed is design size, is adopted for insertion horizontal wellbore (11)
Diamond bit creeps into prefabricated well (18), using high strength adhesive (19) by horizontal wellbore (11) sealing in prefabricated well
(18) setting position.Steel bearing plate (13), size is consistent with test rock sample (10) cross sectional dimensions.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is multiple dimensioned true triaxial horizontal well hydraulic fracturing pressure-bearing cylinder of the invention and using method schematic diagram.
Fig. 2 is pressure-bearing cylinder top view of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is pressure-bearing cylinder stereogram of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is pressure-bearing cylinder passway position view of the present invention.
Fig. 5 is that artificial original mold intends wellbore schematic.
Fig. 6 is undisturbed simulation wellbore hole schematic diagram.
In figure：1- pressure-bearing cylinder bodies, 2- telescopic bars, 3- pulley seats, 4- draw-in grooves, 5- bolts, 6- access openings, 7- passages
Hole, 8- access openings, 9- access openings, 10- test rock samples, 11- horizontal wellbores, 12- hydrofracturing control systems, 13- steel pressure-bearings
Plate, 14- confined pressure loading systems, 15- pit shaft heads, 16- well bores, 17- preforation tunnels, the prefabricated wells of 18-, 19- high strength adhesives,
20- pressure break pipes, 21- gathering holes.
Specific embodiment：
1) the test rock sample (10) for being embedded with horizontal wellbore (11) is positioned in pressure-bearing cylinder (1), horizontal wellbore is passed through
Corresponding access opening, makes (10) three faces of test rock sample be brought into close contact with pressure-bearing cylinder (1) inwall.
2) steel bearing plate (13) is positioned over into the test side free face of rock sample (10) three, connects confined pressure loading system (14),
Apply the horizontal stress and vertical stress of setting to test rock sample.
3) pit shaft head (15) is connected by pressure break pipe (20) with hydrofracturing control system (12), setting injection flow and
Flow velocity, starts hydrofracturing control system (12), while monitoring the pump pressure of hydrofracturing system.
4) after off-test, rock sample destructive characteristics and crack extended mode are observed, and is taken pictures.
5) pressure break data, rock sample destructive characteristics and crack spreading parameter are analyzed.
Claims (7)
1. it is a kind of to be used for multiple dimensioned true triaxial horizontal well hydraulic fracturing pressure-bearing cylinder and using method, it is characterized in that the device by pressure-bearing cylinder body
(1), telescopic bar (2) and pulley seat (3) are constituted, and pressure-bearing cylinder body (1) is with pulley seat (3) by embedded
Draw-in groove (4) connection of base, telescopic bar (2) is connected with pulley seat (3) by bolt (5), pressure-bearing cylinder body
(1) side wall is provided with access opening (6), (7), (8), (9), for testing rock sample (10) in pre-buried horizontal wellbore (11)
Pass, hydrofracturing control system (12) is connected by pressure break pipe (20), steel bearing plate (13) is placed in test rock sample (10)
Three side free faces, are in close contact with confined pressure loading system (14).
2. according to pressure-bearing cylinder body (1) described in claim 1, it is characterized in that pressure-bearing cylinder body (1) be by two blocks of L-shaped steel plates,
Two pieces of rectangular steel plates, two blocks of square steel plates are welded, whole cylinder rigidity >=30MN/mm, a side opening as gathering hole (21),
For placing different size rock sample.
3., according to access opening (6), (7), (8), (9) described in claim 1, the access opening (6), (9) it is characterized in that respectively
It is arranged on two blocks of L-shaped steel plates, access opening (7), (8) are respectively arranged on side wall square steel plate, passage bore dia d≤50mm,
More than pit shaft head (15) external diameter, access opening center relation is transversal by each side of pressure-bearing cylinder body (1) and test rock sample (10)
The face length of side is determined.Four access openings correspond to respectively four kinds of different size rock samples, when test rock sample (10) the cross section length of side is a1
When, access opening (6) center is a away from AB in BF1/ 2, when test rock sample (10) the cross section length of side is a2When,
Access opening (7) center in, BF is a away from BC2/ 2, when test rock sample (10) the cross section length of side is a3When, passage
Hole (8) center in, CE is a away from BC3/ 2, when test rock sample (10) the cross section length of side is a4When, access opening (9)
Center in, CE is a away from CD4/2。
4., according to the horizontal wellbore (11) described in claim 1, it is characterized in that the horizontal wellbore (11) by pit shaft head (15), well bore
(16) preforation tunnel (17) and on well bore is constituted, and well bore (16) is high tensile steel tube, and length and external diameter are according to test rock
Sample ruler cun determines.Horizontal wellbore perforated interval is located at test rock sample center, so that hydraulic fracture crack initiation in the middle part of test rock sample,
Reach the purpose of abundant extension.Preforation tunnel (17) arrangement is spirality, is filled using cotton yarn, is hindered during preventing pre-buried
Consent eye.
5. according to the horizontal wellbore (11) described in claim 1, it is characterized in that, when it is synthetic core sample to test rock sample, treat people's lithogenesis
Sample is poured after shaping 10min, and in setting position, when it is original state rock sample to test rock sample, cutting is former for insertion horizontal wellbore (11)
Shape sample is design size, and using diamond bit prefabricated well (18) is crept into, using high strength adhesive (19) by horizontal wellbore
(11) sealing is in the setting position of prefabricated well (18).
6. according to steel bearing plate (13) described in claim 1, it is characterised in that the size and test rock sample (10) cross section
Consistent size.
7. the pressure-bearing cylinder described in claim 1 is characterized in that into that the device enters for multiple dimensioned true triaxial horizontal well hydraulic fracturing test
The method of row test is as follows,
1) the test rock sample (10) for being embedded with horizontal wellbore (11) is positioned in pressure-bearing cylinder (1), by horizontal wellbore through correspondence
Access opening, (10) three faces of test rock sample is brought into close contact with pressure-bearing cylinder (1) inwall.
2) steel bearing plate (13) is positioned over into the test side free face of rock sample (10) three, connection confined pressure loading system (14), to examination
Test horizontal stress and vertical stress that rock sample applies setting.
3) pit shaft head (15) is connected by pressure break pipe (20) with hydrofracturing control system (12), flow and flow velocity are injected in setting,
Start hydrofracturing control system (12), while monitoring the pump pressure of hydrofracturing system.
4) after off-test, rock sample destructive characteristics and crack extended mode are observed, and is taken pictures.
5) pressure break data, rock sample destructive characteristics and crack spreading parameter are analyzed.
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Cited By (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN107288605A (en) * | 2017-07-06 | 2017-10-24 | 中原工学院 | A kind of mud shale fracturing analogue means and detection method |
| CN107462190A (en) * | 2017-07-31 | 2017-12-12 | 中国科学院地质与地球物理研究所 | Crack three-dimensional appearance high accuracy imaging method is tested in a kind of rock hydraulic fracturing |
| CN107907428A (en) * | 2018-01-02 | 2018-04-13 | 吉林大学 | Carry the square core hydraulic fracturing experimental rig of semi open model of heating function |
| CN109209326A (en) * | 2018-10-10 | 2019-01-15 | 清华大学 | A kind of hydrofracturing physical simulation experiment device and experimental method |
| CN109307624A (en) * | 2018-11-29 | 2019-02-05 | 重庆大学 | A kind of large scale true triaxial hydraulic fracturing experiments device and experimental method |
| CN113624583A (en) * | 2021-08-02 | 2021-11-09 | 中海石油(中国)有限公司 | Experimental device for loose sandstone sample preparation and fracturing simulation integration |
| CN114002096A (en) * | 2021-12-30 | 2022-02-01 | 中国科学院地质与地球物理研究所 | True triaxial rock-drill interaction experimental device for ultra-deep drilling |
| CN114575817A (en) * | 2022-03-15 | 2022-06-03 | 西南石油大学 | True triaxial confining pressure supercritical CO2Hydraulic composite fracturing system and method thereof |
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Cited By (10)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN107288605A (en) * | 2017-07-06 | 2017-10-24 | 中原工学院 | A kind of mud shale fracturing analogue means and detection method |
| CN107462190A (en) * | 2017-07-31 | 2017-12-12 | 中国科学院地质与地球物理研究所 | Crack three-dimensional appearance high accuracy imaging method is tested in a kind of rock hydraulic fracturing |
| CN107462190B (en) * | 2017-07-31 | 2018-06-22 | 中国科学院地质与地球物理研究所 | Crack three-dimensional appearance high-precision imaging method is tested in a kind of rock hydraulic fracturing |
| CN107907428A (en) * | 2018-01-02 | 2018-04-13 | 吉林大学 | Carry the square core hydraulic fracturing experimental rig of semi open model of heating function |
| CN109209326A (en) * | 2018-10-10 | 2019-01-15 | 清华大学 | A kind of hydrofracturing physical simulation experiment device and experimental method |
| CN109307624A (en) * | 2018-11-29 | 2019-02-05 | 重庆大学 | A kind of large scale true triaxial hydraulic fracturing experiments device and experimental method |
| CN113624583A (en) * | 2021-08-02 | 2021-11-09 | 中海石油(中国)有限公司 | Experimental device for loose sandstone sample preparation and fracturing simulation integration |
| CN113624583B (en) * | 2021-08-02 | 2023-10-20 | 中海石油(中国)有限公司 | Experimental device for loose sandstone sample preparation and fracturing simulation integration |
| CN114002096A (en) * | 2021-12-30 | 2022-02-01 | 中国科学院地质与地球物理研究所 | True triaxial rock-drill interaction experimental device for ultra-deep drilling |
| CN114575817A (en) * | 2022-03-15 | 2022-06-03 | 西南石油大学 | True triaxial confining pressure supercritical CO2Hydraulic composite fracturing system and method thereof |
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Application publication date: 20170510 |