CN103821487A - Simulation experiment set for thickened oil thermal recovery storage layer fractures - Google Patents
Simulation experiment set for thickened oil thermal recovery storage layer fractures Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a simulation experiment set for thickened oil thermal recovery storage layer fractures, and belongs to the field of thickened oil thermal recovery development. The simulation experiment set provides an experiment basis for the theoretical study on thickened oil thermal recovery development schemes and engineering design optimization. The simulation experiment set comprises experiment rock samples, a vacuum tri-axial stress loading device, a temperature loading controlling device and a sound launching monitoring device. The experiment rock samples are cuboid and comprise an actual oil deposit coring and cement mortar wrapper. The experiment rock samples reflect the rock mechanical property of actual oil deposition more truly. The temperature loading controlling device carries out local heating through heating pipes and transmits the heat to the experiment rock samples through a heat-transfer medium, the actual high-temperature thermal process is simulated, and a temperature collecting and controlling instrument collects and controls the temperature of the experiment rock samples. The simulation experiment set simulates the combined stress state of the thickened oil thermal recovery process under the different temperature and crustal stress conditions, and actual and effective evaluations on the fractures of thickened oil thermal recovery storage layers can be made.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to heavy crude heat extraction development field, be specifically related to a kind of analogue experiment installation breaking for heavy crude heat extraction reservoir.
Background technology
China has abundant viscous crude resource, and oil recovery by heating is the important way of current viscous crude development of resources, and it heats viscous crude by heat energy carrier is injected to oil reservoir, reduces viscosity of crude, improves crude oil flow ability, thereby improves crude output and recovery ratio.In heavy crude heat extraction process, high temperature heat is injected and is caused that in reservoir, temperature, pressure increase considerably, and viscosity of crude reduces; Pore-fluid and rock stratum skeleton are heated non-homogeneous expansion occur, and cause reservoir produce distortion and break.Reservoir failure mechanism and fracture propagation process in research heavy crude heat extraction process, dynamic for true description heavy crude heat extraction reservoir exploitation, Optimal Parameters technique has important directive significance.
Under Study of The Underground hot conditions, the experimental facilities of the variation of rock sample physical parameter and rupture process and method are mainly with under certain confined pressure condition at present, and rock sample test specimen high temperature entirety thermal analysis is main.It is to be subject to pit shaft localized hyperthermia load and anisotropically stress two aspect coupling factor co-controllings of three-dimensional that heavy crude heat extraction reservoir breaks, research is mainly take numerical reservoir simulation method as main at present, lack analogue experiment installation and method that relevant heavy crude heat extraction reservoir breaks, cannot carry out authentic and valid evaluation to the actual heavy crude heat extraction reservoir situation of breaking, thereby become the difficulties of current heavy crude heat extraction development field.
Summary of the invention
In order to solve above-mentioned problems of the prior art, the present invention proposes a kind of analogue experiment installation breaking for heavy crude heat extraction reservoir, this experimental facilities can load to experiment rock sample the geostatic stress of three directions, in experiment rock sample pit shaft, load hot conditions, compound stress under different temperatures, geostatic stress condition in real simulation heavy crude heat extraction process, gather reservoir break information network analysis heavy crude heat extraction reservoir rupture mechanism, for the theoretical research of heavy crude heat extraction injection-production program and engineering design optimization provide experiment basis.
Technical solution of the present invention comprises:
The analogue experiment installation breaking for heavy crude heat extraction reservoir, comprises experiment rock sample, true triaxial stress charger, temperature add load control and acoustic emission monitor(ing) device,
Described experiment rock sample comprises that oil reservoir gets core, and oil reservoir is got core periphery and is provided with cement mortar integument, and described oil reservoir is got core and occupy center, and experiment rock sample is cubic, and described experiment rock sample end face center is to being arranged with uncased wellbore; In the time of experimentation, experiment rock sample is placed in the high pressure pressure-bearing cylinder of true triaxial stress charger, by true triaxial stress charger, the outside wall surface of experiment rock sample is exerted pressure in three directions;
Said temperature add load control comprises heating tube, thermocouple temperature sensor and temperature acquisition controller, described temperature acquisition controller is connected with heating tube, thermocouple temperature sensor respectively, heating tube is arranged in uncased wellbore, between the borehole wall of uncased wellbore and heating tube, be filled with heat transfer medium layer, thermocouple temperature sensor is embedded on cement mortar integument predeterminated position;
Above-mentioned acoustic emission monitor(ing) device comprises Acoustic radiating instrument and multiple acoustic emission probe, and described Acoustic radiating instrument is connected with described multiple acoustic emission probes, and all acoustic emission probes are arranged in the periphery of cement mortar integument.
Above-mentioned heat transfer medium layer is sodium chloride.
Above-mentioned high pressure pressure-bearing cylinder is respectively equipped with hydraulic pressure bottom upper plate, hydraulic pressure side top board, rigidity side backing plate and rigidity upper padding plate; Above-mentioned experiment rock sample is fixedly installed in the center of hydraulic pressure bottom upper plate, hydraulic pressure side top board and rigidity side backing plate are against respectively on two opposite flanks of experiment rock sample, rigidity upper padding plate is pressed in the top of experiment rock sample, and rigidity upper padding plate engages with the high pressure pressure-bearing cylinder top cover of the side of being located thereon.
The appearance and size of above-mentioned experiment rock sample is 100mm × 100mm × 100mm; The diameter of uncased wellbore is 10mm, and the degree of depth is 90mm.
It is to get core by true heavy crude reservoir to mix to build with cement mortar integument and form that the present invention tests rock sample, and conventional reservoir fracture model experiment rock sample is mainly the mode that adopts artificial casting cement mortar specimen in prior art, the present invention tests rock sample in mixing casting process, true heavy crude reservoir is got core and is placed in experiment rock sample cube center, thermocouple temperature sensor is embedded into design attitude in experiment rock sample, draw thermocouple temperature sensor probe data line, rock sample to be tested maintenance in cement protecting box reaches requirement of strength, adopt diamond bit to drill through uncased wellbore at experiment rock sample end face, the present invention adopts true oil reservoir to get core and simulates, and more approaches actual heavy crude heat extraction reservoir actual conditions, can carry out authentic and valid evaluation to the situation of breaking of actual heavy crude heat extraction reservoir.
Experimental facilities and the method for in geotechnical engineering field, breaking for rock sample under hot conditions are at present mainly under certain confined pressure condition, and Surface Rupture Events analysis is carried out in the heating of rock sample test specimen entirety; And heavy crude heat extraction reservoir of the present invention to break be research pit shaft localized hyperthermia load and the Surface Rupture Events analysis that anisotropically stress two aspect factor couplings cause of space three-dimensional.
The true triaxial stress charger of the present invention is for applying respectively different pressures to three directions of experiment rock sample outer space, what in prior art, mostly adopt is to apply confined pressure to rock sample, what namely apply is uniform pressure, it is to be subject to pit shaft localized hyperthermia load and anisotropically stress two aspect coupling factor co-controllings of three-dimensional that heavy crude heat extraction splits, the present invention exerts pressure to three directions of experiment rock sample outer space, its formation be non-uniform pressure, by non-homogeneous pressure, the situation of breaking of actual heavy crude heat extraction reservoir is carried out to authentic and valid evaluation.
The present invention proposes a kind of analogue experiment installation breaking for heavy crude heat extraction reservoir, compared with prior art, its adopted true viscous crude heavy crude reservoir get core mix with cement mortar integument build as experiment rock sample, this experiment rock sample is cube, compare with experiment rock sample of the prior art, it has reflected the mechanical properties of rock of actual oil reservoir more really;
Adopt true triaxial stress charger to simulate really the geostatic stress state of actual heavy crude reservoir, by exerting pressure respectively to three directions of experiment rock sample outer space, its formation be non-uniform pressure, by non-homogeneous pressure, the situation of breaking of actual heavy crude heat extraction reservoir is carried out to authentic and valid evaluation;
Adopt the thermal procession of the actual note of temperature add load control simulation high temperature; Undertaken experiment rock sample pit shaft spot heating by heating tube, by heat transfer medium, heat is transferred to experiment rock sample, by being arranged at the experiment rock sample shaft in wall nearly well bore wall of thermocouple temperature sensor probe detection place temperature, change by temperature acquisition controller displays temperature, and according to probe temperature control heating tube power switch, reach the effect of controlling temperature;
Adopt the reservoir under Acoustic radiating instrument monitoring analysis heavy crude reservoir thermal condition and geostatic stress compound action to break and fracture propagation feature;
Analogue experiment installation of the present invention is easy to operate, practical, and the reservoir causing for heavy crude heat extraction breaks and fracture propagation mechanism research provides reliable research means.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, the present invention is done to further clear, complete explanation:
Fig. 1 is the longitudinal sectional drawing of the analogue experiment installation that breaks of heavy crude heat extraction reservoir of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is the analogue experiment installation part-structure schematic diagram that heavy crude heat extraction reservoir of the present invention breaks;
In figure, 1, top cover; 2, rigidity upper padding plate; 3, high pressure pressure-bearing cylinder; 4, hydraulic pressure side top board; 5, acoustic emission probe; 6, cement mortar integument; 7, heavy crude reservoir is got core; 8, heat transfer medium; 9, heating tube; 10, hydraulic pressure bottom upper plate; 11, hydraulic pressure injects pipeline; 12, acoustic emission signal line; 13, insulated electric conductor; 14, thermocouple data circuit; 15, temperature acquisition controller; 16, Acoustic radiating instrument; 17, thermocouple temperature sensor; 18, rigidity side backing plate; 19, multi-channel hydraulic servo controller.
The specific embodiment
The present invention proposes a kind of analogue experiment installation breaking for heavy crude heat extraction reservoir, in order to make advantage of the present invention, technical scheme clearer, clear and definite, below in conjunction with specific embodiment, the present invention is done to further clear, complete explanation.
As shown in Figure 1, the present invention proposes a kind of analogue experiment installation breaking for heavy crude heat extraction reservoir, comprise experiment rock sample, true triaxial stress charger, temperature add load control and acoustic emission monitor(ing) device.
Shown in Fig. 2, the present invention tests rock sample and gets core 7 by cement mortar integument 6 and heavy crude reservoir and mix to build and form, its profile is cubic, the present invention preferably its appearance and size is 100mm × 100mm × 100mm, the preferred heavy crude reservoir of the present invention is got core 7 and is got core for true heavy crude reservoir, experiment rock sample end face center has the vertical centre bore of a diameter 10mm, long 90mm, as simulation uncased wellbore; Heavy crude reservoir gets that core 7 appearance are irregular and size is less, the standard-sized cube difficulty that is processed into requirement of experiment is larger, therefore, the present invention adopts heavy crude reservoir to get the 6 bag methods removals of the outside casting cement mortar of core integument and gets wicking surface impact in irregular shape, makes whole experiment rock sample appearance and size meet requirement of experiment; The cement mortar that cement mortar integument 6 is suitable proportioning;
In mixing casting process, true heavy crude reservoir is got core and is placed in the center of testing rock sample, thermocouple temperature sensor 17 probes are embedded into design attitude in experiment rock sample, draw thermocouple data circuit 14, experiment rock sample surface finish≤0.1mm/100mm, the maintenance in cement protecting box of experiment rock sample reaches requirement of strength, adopts diamond bit to drill through uncased wellbore.
The present invention, a kind of analogue experiment installation breaking for heavy crude heat extraction reservoir, comprises experiment rock sample, high pressure pressure-bearing cylinder 3, true triaxial stress charger, temperature add load control and acoustic emission monitor(ing) device;
Above-mentioned high pressure pressure-bearing cylinder 3 is similar with the structure of prior art high pressure pressure-bearing cylinder, comprises that top cover 1, hydraulic pressure side top board 4, hydraulic pressure bottom upper plate 10, rigidity upper padding plate 2 and rigidity side backing plate 18 form;
Above-mentioned, true triaxial stress charger comprises that multi-channel hydraulic servo controller 19 and connected hydraulic pressure inject pipeline 11, multi-channel hydraulic servo controller 19 pressure control range 0～30MPa, multi-channel hydraulic servo controller 19 injects pipeline 11 by hydraulic pressure and is connected with above-mentioned hydraulic pressure bottom upper plate 10, both sides hydraulic pressure side top board 4 respectively, respectively three, the space direction in experiment rock sample outside is exerted pressure respectively, can simulate the three-dimensional geostatic stress state within heavy crude reservoir well depth 1500m;
Temperature add load control comprises heating tube 9, thermocouple temperature sensor 17 and temperature acquisition controller 15, heating tube 9 diameter 8mm, length 60～90mm, power 150W～400W, be placed in experiment rock sample uncased wellbore, be connected with temperature acquisition controller 15 by insulated electric conductor 13, for the temperature in Heating Experiment rock sample uncased wellbore; Thermocouple temperature sensor 17, temperature measurement range is-50 ℃-500 ℃, is arranged in the experiment nearly well bore wall of rock sample place, is connected, for the temperature at the nearly pit shaft of experiments of measuring rock sample place by thermocouple data circuit 14 with temperature acquisition controller 15; Heating tube 9 is connected with temperature acquisition controller 15 by insulated electric conductor 13, and temperature acquisition controller 15 is for showing and controlling temperature in uncased wellbore; Annular space region in the middle of experiment rock sample open hole well barrel and heating tube is pressed into sodium chloride as annular space place heat transfer medium 8;
Acoustic emission monitor(ing) device is made up of acoustic emission probe 5, acoustic emission signal line 12 and Acoustic radiating instrument 16, acoustic emission probe 5 is provided with four, be separately positioned on experiment two relative level sides of rock sample, for corresponding sound emission ring rate and the specific energy of different temperatures scope in monitoring record uncased wellbore, and locate the locus of breakdown point, analyze experiment rock sample Surface Rupture Events and fracture propagation rule.
Below the using method of above-mentioned analogue experiment installation is explained as follows:
The using method of above-mentioned analogue experiment installation, it specifically comprises the following steps:
Step 1, the above-mentioned experiment rock sample of making is put into industrial chromatography scanned imagery device, gather the internal fissure distribution map of this experiment rock sample, as image one;
Step 2, by experiment rock sample be placed in the high pressure pressure-bearing cylinder of above-mentioned true triaxial stress charger, above-mentioned Acoustic radiating instrument is connected to multiple acoustic emission probes, all acoustic emission probes are arranged in the periphery of cement mortar integument; Above-mentioned heating tube is inserted in described uncased wellbore, and the annular space place between uncased wellbore and heating tube is pressed into heat transfer medium; Said temperature is gathered to controller and connect above-mentioned heating tube and thermocouple temperature sensor; Then enter step 3;
Step 3, start true triaxial stress charger, apply respectively different pressures to three different directions of experiment rock sample outer space; Then enter step 4;
Step 4, by above-mentioned heating tube, experiment rock sample uncased wellbore is heated, meanwhile open Acoustic radiating instrument, heating tube is controlled by temperature acquisition controller, 50 ℃ of the every risings of temperature acquisition controller design temperature, be incubated 1 hour, so slowly raise until heating-up temperature is 350 ℃; Acoustic radiating instrument utilizes acoustic emission probe collection, stores current signal, as signal one;
The size of above-mentioned experiment rock sample, uncased wellbore is not limitation of the present invention, the various deformation such as replacement, simple combination that those skilled in the art make under the enlightenment of this patent, and request protection domain of the present invention should be as the criterion with claims.
Claims (4)
1. the analogue experiment installation breaking for heavy crude heat extraction reservoir, comprises experiment rock sample, true triaxial stress charger, temperature add load control and acoustic emission monitor(ing) device, it is characterized in that:
Described experiment rock sample comprises that oil reservoir gets core, and oil reservoir is got core periphery and is provided with cement mortar integument, and described oil reservoir is got core and occupy center, and experiment rock sample is cubic, and described experiment rock sample end face center is to being arranged with uncased wellbore; In the time of experimentation, experiment rock sample is placed in the high pressure pressure-bearing cylinder of true triaxial stress charger, by true triaxial stress charger, the outside wall surface of experiment rock sample is exerted pressure in three directions;
Said temperature add load control comprises heating tube, thermocouple temperature sensor and temperature acquisition controller, described temperature acquisition controller is connected with heating tube, thermocouple temperature sensor respectively, heating tube is arranged in uncased wellbore, between the borehole wall of uncased wellbore and heating tube, be filled with heat transfer medium layer, thermocouple temperature sensor is embedded on cement mortar integument predeterminated position;
Above-mentioned acoustic emission monitor(ing) device comprises Acoustic radiating instrument and multiple acoustic emission probe, and described Acoustic radiating instrument is connected with described multiple acoustic emission probes, and all acoustic emission probes are arranged in the periphery of cement mortar integument.
2. a kind of analogue experiment installation breaking for heavy crude heat extraction reservoir according to claim 1, is characterized in that: described heat transfer medium layer is sodium chloride.
3. a kind of analogue experiment installation breaking for heavy crude heat extraction reservoir according to claim 1, is characterized in that: described high pressure pressure-bearing cylinder is respectively equipped with hydraulic pressure bottom upper plate, hydraulic pressure side top board, rigidity side backing plate and rigidity upper padding plate; Described experiment rock sample is fixedly installed in the center of hydraulic pressure bottom upper plate, hydraulic pressure side top board and rigidity side backing plate are against respectively on two opposite flanks of experiment rock sample, rigidity upper padding plate is pressed in the top of experiment rock sample, and rigidity upper padding plate engages with the high pressure pressure-bearing cylinder top cover of the side of being located thereon.
4. a kind of analogue experiment installation breaking for heavy crude heat extraction reservoir according to claim 1, is characterized in that: the appearance and size of described experiment rock sample is 100mm × 100mm × 100mm; The diameter of uncased wellbore is 10mm, and the degree of depth is 90mm.
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