CN103821487B - Simulation experiment set for thickened oil thermal recovery storage layer fractures - Google Patents
Simulation experiment set for thickened oil thermal recovery storage layer fractures Download PDFInfo
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- CN103821487B CN103821487B CN201410103891.3A CN201410103891A CN103821487B CN 103821487 B CN103821487 B CN 103821487B CN 201410103891 A CN201410103891 A CN 201410103891A CN 103821487 B CN103821487 B CN 103821487B
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Abstract
The invention discloses a simulation experiment set for thickened oil thermal recovery storage layer fractures, and belongs to the field of thickened oil thermal recovery development. The simulation experiment set provides an experiment basis for the theoretical study on thickened oil thermal recovery development schemes and engineering design optimization. The simulation experiment set comprises experiment rock samples, a vacuum tri-axial stress loading device, a temperature loading controlling device and a sound launching monitoring device. The experiment rock samples are cuboid and comprise an actual oil deposit coring and cement mortar wrapper. The experiment rock samples reflect the rock mechanical property of actual oil deposition more truly. The temperature loading controlling device carries out local heating through heating pipes and transmits the heat to the experiment rock samples through a heat-transfer medium, the actual high-temperature thermal process is simulated, and a temperature collecting and controlling instrument collects and controls the temperature of the experiment rock samples. The simulation experiment set simulates the combined stress state of the thickened oil thermal recovery process under the different temperature and crustal stress conditions, and actual and effective evaluations on the fractures of thickened oil thermal recovery storage layers can be made.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to heavy crude heat extraction development field, be specifically related to a kind of analogue experiment installation for heavy crude heat extraction reservoir fracture.
Background technology
China has abundant viscous crude resource, and oil recovery by heating is the important way of current viscous crude development of resources, and it heats viscous crude by heat energy carrier is injected oil reservoir, reduces viscosity of crude, improves crude oil flow ability, thus improves crude output and recovery ratio.In heavy crude heat extraction process, high temperature heat injection causes temperature in reservoir, pressure increases considerably, and viscosity of crude reduces; Pore-fluid and rock stratum skeleton are heated and non-homogeneous expansion occur, and cause reservoir produce distortion and break.Reservoir fracture mechanism and fracture propagation process in research heavy crude heat extraction process, describe heavy crude heat extraction reservoir exploitation dynamically for true, Optimal Parameters technique has important directive significance.
Under current Study of The Underground hot conditions, the change of rock sample physical parameter and the experimental facilities of rupture process and method are mainly with under certain confined pressure condition, and the overall thermal analysis of rock sample test piece high temperature is main.Heavy crude heat extraction reservoir fracture is then be subject to pit shaft localized hyperthermia load and three-dimensional non uniform ground stress two aspect coupling factor co-controlling, current research is mainly based on numerical reservoir simulation method, lack analogue experiment installation and the method for relevant heavy crude heat extraction reservoir fracture, authentic and valid evaluation cannot be carried out to actual heavy crude heat extraction reservoir fracture situation, thus become the difficulties of current heavy crude heat extraction development field.
Summary of the invention
In order to solve above-mentioned problems of the prior art, the present invention proposes a kind of analogue experiment installation for heavy crude heat extraction reservoir fracture, this experimental facilities can load the geostatic stress in three directions to experiment rock sample, hot conditions is loaded in experiment rock sample pit shaft, compound stress under different temperatures, geostatic stress condition in real simulation heavy crude heat extraction process, gather reservoir fracture information network analysis heavy crude heat extraction reservoir fracture is machine-processed, for the theoretical research of heavy crude heat extraction injection-production program and engineering design optimization provide experiment basis.
Technical solution of the present invention comprises:
For an analogue experiment installation for heavy crude heat extraction reservoir fracture, comprise experiment rock sample, true triaxial stress loading device, temperature add load control and acoustic emission monitor(ing) device,
Described experiment rock sample comprises oil reservoir and gets core, and oil reservoir is got core periphery and is provided with cement mortar integument, and described oil reservoir is got core and occupy center, and experiment rock sample is cubic, and described experiment rock sample end face center is to being arranged with uncased wellbore; When experimentation, experiment rock sample is placed in the high pressure pressure-bearing cylinder of true triaxial stress loading device, applies pressure by the outside wall surface of true triaxial stress loading device to experiment rock sample in three directions;
Said temperature add load control comprises heating tube, thermocouple temperature sensor and temperature acquisition controller, described temperature acquisition controller is connected with heating tube, thermocouple temperature sensor respectively, heating tube is arranged in uncased wellbore, between the borehole wall and heating tube of uncased wellbore, be filled with heat transfer medium layer, thermocouple temperature sensor is embedded on cement mortar integument predeterminated position;
Above-mentioned acoustic emission monitor(ing) device comprises Acoustic radiating instrument and multiple acoustic emission probe, and described Acoustic radiating instrument is connected with described multiple acoustic emission probe, and all acoustic emission probes are arranged on the periphery of cement mortar integument.
Above-mentioned heat transfer medium layer is sodium chloride.
Above-mentioned high pressure pressure-bearing cylinder is respectively equipped with hydraulic pressure bottom upper plate, hydraulic pressure side top board, rigidity side backing plate and rigidity upper padding plate; Above-mentioned experiment rock sample is fixedly installed in the center of hydraulic pressure bottom upper plate, hydraulic pressure side top board and rigidity side backing plate are against respectively tests on two opposite flanks of rock sample, rigidity upper padding plate is pressed in the top of experiment rock sample, and rigidity upper padding plate engages with the high pressure pressure-bearing cylinder top cover of the side of being located thereon.
The appearance and size of above-mentioned experiment rock sample is 100mm × 100mm × 100mm; The diameter of uncased wellbore is 10mm, and the degree of depth is 90mm.
It is get core by true heavy crude reservoir to mix to build with cement mortar integument and form that the present invention tests rock sample, and reservoir fracture simulated experiment rock sample conventional in prior art mainly adopts the mode of artificial casting cement mortar specimen, the present invention tests rock sample in mixing casting process, true heavy crude reservoir is got core and is placed in experiment rock sample cube center, thermocouple temperature sensor is embedded into design attitude in experiment rock sample, draw thermocouple temperature sensor probe data line, treat that the maintenance in cement protecting box of experiment rock sample reaches requirement of strength, diamond bit is adopted to drill through uncased wellbore at experiment rock sample end face, the present invention adopts true oil reservoir to get core and simulates, and closer to actual heavy crude heat extraction reservoir actual conditions, can carry out authentic and valid evaluation to the rupture event of actual heavy crude heat extraction reservoir.
The experimental facilities broken for rock sample under hot conditions in current geotechnical engineering field and method are mainly under certain confined pressure condition, and Surface Rupture Events analysis is carried out in the heating of rock sample test piece entirety; And heavy crude heat extraction reservoir fracture of the present invention is the Surface Rupture Events analysis that research pit shaft localized hyperthermia load and space three-dimensional non uniform ground stress two aspect factor coupling cause.
True triaxial stress loading device of the present invention is used for applying different pressures respectively to three directions of experiment rock sample outer space, what mostly adopt in prior art is apply confined pressure to rock sample, what namely apply is uniform pressure, heavy crude heat extraction splits, and is to be subject to pit shaft localized hyperthermia load and three-dimensional non uniform ground stress two aspect coupling factor co-controlling, the present invention applies pressure to three directions of experiment rock sample outer space, what it was formed is non-uniform pressure, carries out authentic and valid evaluation by the rupture event of non-homogeneous pressure to actual heavy crude heat extraction reservoir.
The present invention proposes a kind of analogue experiment installation for heavy crude heat extraction reservoir fracture, compared with prior art, which employs true viscous crude heavy crude reservoir to get core and mix with cement mortar integument and build as testing rock sample, this experiment rock sample is cube, compared with experiment rock sample of the prior art, it reflects the mechanical properties of rock of actual oil reservoir more really;
True triaxial stress loading device is adopted to simulate the crustal stress states of actual heavy crude reservoir really, by applying pressure respectively to three directions of experiment rock sample outer space, what it was formed is non-uniform pressure, carries out authentic and valid evaluation by the rupture event of non-homogeneous pressure to actual heavy crude heat extraction reservoir;
Adopt the thermal procession of temperature add load control simulation actual note high temperature; Undertaken experiment rock sample pit shaft spot heating by heating tube, experiment rock sample is given by delivered heat by heat transfer medium, by being arranged at experiment rock sample shaft in wall thermocouple temperature sensor probe detection nearly well bore wall place temperature, changed by temperature acquisition controller displays temperature, and control heating tube power switch according to probe temperature, reach the effect of control temperature;
Adopt the reservoir fracture under Acoustic radiating instrument monitoring analysis heavy crude reservoir thermal condition and geostatic stress compound action and fracture propagation feature;
Analogue experiment installation of the present invention is easy to operate, practical, and the reservoir fracture caused for heavy crude heat extraction and fracture propagation mechanism research provide reliable research means.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, explanation clear, complete is further done to the present invention:
Fig. 1 is the longitudinal sectional drawing of the analogue experiment installation of heavy crude heat extraction reservoir fracture of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is the analogue experiment installation part-structure schematic diagram of heavy crude heat extraction reservoir fracture of the present invention;
In figure, 1, top cover; 2, rigidity upper padding plate; 3, high pressure pressure-bearing cylinder; 4, hydraulic pressure side top board; 5, acoustic emission probe; 6, cement mortar integument; 7, heavy crude reservoir gets core; 8, heat transfer medium; 9, heating tube; 10, hydraulic pressure bottom upper plate; 11, hydraulic pressure injects pipeline; 12, acoustic emission signal line; 13, insulated electric conductor; 14, thermocouple data circuit; 15, temperature acquisition controller; 16, Acoustic radiating instrument; 17, thermocouple temperature sensor; 18, rigidity side backing plate; 19, multi-channel hydraulic servo controller.
Detailed description of the invention
The present invention proposes a kind of analogue experiment installation for heavy crude heat extraction reservoir fracture, in order to make advantage of the present invention, technical scheme clearly, clearly, below in conjunction with specific embodiment, explanation clear, complete further being done to the present invention.
As shown in Figure 1, the present invention proposes a kind of analogue experiment installation for heavy crude heat extraction reservoir fracture, comprise experiment rock sample, true triaxial stress loading device, temperature add load control and acoustic emission monitor(ing) device.
Shown in composition graphs 2, the present invention tests rock sample and gets core 7 by cement mortar integument 6 and heavy crude reservoir and mix to build and form, its profile is cubic, the present invention preferably its appearance and size is 100mm × 100mm × 100mm, the preferred heavy crude reservoir of the present invention is got core 7 and is got core for true heavy crude reservoir, experiment rock sample end face center has the vertical centre bore of a diameter 10mm, long 90mm, is used as simulation uncased wellbore; Heavy crude reservoir gets that core 7 appearance is irregular and size is less, the standard-sized cube difficulty being processed into requirement of experiment is larger, therefore, the present invention adopts heavy crude reservoir to get the removal of core outside casting cement mortar integument 6 bag method and gets wicking surface impact in irregular shape, makes whole experiment rock sample appearance and size meet requirement of experiment; Cement mortar integument 6 is the cement mortar of suitable proportioning;
In mixing casting process, true heavy crude reservoir gets the center that core is placed in experiment rock sample, thermocouple temperature sensor 17 probe is embedded into design attitude in experiment rock sample, draw thermocouple data circuit 14, experiment rock sample surface finish≤0.1mm/100mm, the maintenance in cement protecting box of experiment rock sample reaches requirement of strength, adopts diamond bit to drill through uncased wellbore.
The present invention, a kind of analogue experiment installation for heavy crude heat extraction reservoir fracture, comprises experiment rock sample, high pressure pressure-bearing cylinder 3, true triaxial stress loading device, temperature add load control and acoustic emission monitor(ing) device;
Above-mentioned high pressure pressure-bearing cylinder 3 and the similar of prior art high pressure pressure-bearing cylinder, comprise top cover 1, hydraulic pressure side top board 4, hydraulic pressure bottom upper plate 10, rigidity upper padding plate 2 and rigidity side backing plate 18 and form;
Above-mentioned, true triaxial stress loading device comprises multi-channel hydraulic servo controller 19 and connected hydraulic pressure injects pipeline 11, multi-channel hydraulic servo controller 19 pressure control range 0 ~ 30MPa, multi-channel hydraulic servo controller 19 injects pipeline 11 by hydraulic pressure and is connected with above-mentioned hydraulic pressure bottom upper plate 10, hydraulic pressure side, both sides top board 4 respectively, respectively respectively pressure is applied to the direction, three, space outside experiment rock sample, the three-dimensional crustal stress states within heavy crude reservoir well depth 1500m can be simulated;
Temperature add load control comprises heating tube 9, thermocouple temperature sensor 17 and temperature acquisition controller 15, heating tube 9 diameter 8mm, length 60 ~ 90mm, power 150W ~ 400W, be placed in experiment rock sample uncased wellbore, be connected with temperature acquisition controller 15 by insulated electric conductor 13, for the temperature in Heating Experiment rock sample uncased wellbore; Thermocouple temperature sensor 17, temperature measurement range is-50 DEG C-500 DEG C, is arranged in the experiment nearly well bore wall place of rock sample, is connected, for the temperature at the nearly pit shaft place of experiments of measuring rock sample by thermocouple data circuit 14 with temperature acquisition controller 15; Heating tube 9 is connected with temperature acquisition controller 15 by insulated electric conductor 13, and temperature acquisition controller 15 is for showing and controlling temperature in uncased wellbore; Annular space region in the middle of experiment rock sample open hole well barrel and heating tube is pressed into sodium chloride as annular space place heat transfer medium 8;
Acoustic emission monitor(ing) device is made up of acoustic emission probe 5, acoustic emission signal line 12 and Acoustic radiating instrument 16, acoustic emission probe 5 is provided with four, be separately positioned on experiment rock sample two relative level sides, the sound emission ring rate corresponding for different temperatures scope in monitoring record uncased wellbore and specific energy, and locate the locus of breakdown point, analysis design mothod rock sample Surface Rupture Events and fracture propagation rule.
Below the using method of above-mentioned analogue experiment installation is explained as follows:
The using method of above-mentioned analogue experiment installation, it specifically comprises the following steps:
Step 1, the above-mentioned experiment rock sample made is put into industrial chromatography scanned imagery device, gather the internal fissure distribution map of this experiment rock sample, as image one;
Step 2, by experiment rock sample be placed in the high pressure pressure-bearing cylinder of above-mentioned true triaxial stress loading device, above-mentioned Acoustic radiating instrument is connected multiple acoustic emission probe, and all acoustic emission probes are arranged on the periphery of cement mortar integument; Above-mentioned heating tube is inserted in described uncased wellbore, the annular space place press-in heat transfer medium between uncased wellbore and heating tube; Said temperature is gathered controller and connect above-mentioned heating tube and thermocouple temperature sensor; Then step 3 is entered;
Step 3, startup true triaxial stress loading device, three different directions to experiment rock sample outer space apply different pressures respectively; Then step 4 is entered;
Step 4, by above-mentioned heating tube, experiment rock sample uncased wellbore to be heated, meanwhile open Acoustic radiating instrument, heating tube is controlled by temperature acquisition controller, temperature acquisition controller design temperature often raises 50 DEG C, then be incubated 1 hour, so slowly raise until heating-up temperature is 350 DEG C; Acoustic radiating instrument utilizes acoustic emission probe collection, stores current signal, as signal one;
Step 5, when uncased wellbore temperature reaches 350 DEG C, to be incubated after 2 hours, to stop heating, now Acoustic radiating instrument by acoustic emission probe collection, store current signal, as signal two, until collect temperature in wellbore to return to room temperature, stop experiment;
Step 6, taking-up experiment rock sample, be positioned in industrial chromatography scanning imaging instrument, gathers the internal fissure distribution map of experiment rock sample after high temperature loads, as image two;
Step 7, utilize above-mentioned acoustic signals one, acoustic signals two, image one and image two, carry out researching and analysing of further heavy crude heat extraction reservoir fracture.
The size of above-mentioned experiment rock sample, uncased wellbore is not the various deformation such as limitation of the present invention, the replacement that those skilled in the art make under the enlightenment of this patent, simple combination, and request protection domain of the present invention should be as the criterion with claims.
Claims (4)
1., for an analogue experiment installation for heavy crude heat extraction reservoir fracture, comprise experiment rock sample, true triaxial stress loading device, temperature add load control and acoustic emission monitor(ing) device, it is characterized in that:
Described experiment rock sample comprises oil reservoir and gets core, and oil reservoir is got core periphery and is provided with cement mortar integument, and described oil reservoir is got core and occupy center, and experiment rock sample is cubic, and described experiment rock sample end face center is to being arranged with uncased wellbore; When experimentation, experiment rock sample is placed in the high pressure pressure-bearing cylinder of true triaxial stress loading device, applies pressure by the outside wall surface of true triaxial stress loading device to experiment rock sample in three directions;
Said temperature add load control comprises heating tube, thermocouple temperature sensor and temperature acquisition controller, described temperature acquisition controller is connected with heating tube, thermocouple temperature sensor respectively, heating tube is arranged in uncased wellbore, between the borehole wall and heating tube of uncased wellbore, be filled with heat transfer medium layer, thermocouple temperature sensor is embedded on cement mortar integument predeterminated position;
Above-mentioned acoustic emission monitor(ing) device comprises Acoustic radiating instrument and multiple acoustic emission probe, and described Acoustic radiating instrument is connected with described multiple acoustic emission probe, and all acoustic emission probes are arranged on the periphery of cement mortar integument.
2. a kind of analogue experiment installation for heavy crude heat extraction reservoir fracture according to claim 1, is characterized in that: described heat transfer medium layer is sodium chloride.
3. a kind of analogue experiment installation for heavy crude heat extraction reservoir fracture according to claim 1, is characterized in that: described high pressure pressure-bearing cylinder is respectively equipped with hydraulic pressure bottom upper plate, hydraulic pressure side top board, rigidity side backing plate and rigidity upper padding plate; Described experiment rock sample is fixedly installed in the center of hydraulic pressure bottom upper plate, hydraulic pressure side top board and rigidity side backing plate are against respectively tests on two opposite flanks of rock sample, rigidity upper padding plate is pressed in the top of experiment rock sample, and rigidity upper padding plate engages with the high pressure pressure-bearing cylinder top cover of the side of being located thereon.
4. a kind of analogue experiment installation for heavy crude heat extraction reservoir fracture according to claim 1, is characterized in that: the appearance and size of described experiment rock sample is 100mm × 100mm × 100mm; The diameter of uncased wellbore is 10mm, and the degree of depth is 90mm.
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