CN103334034B - A kind of preparation method of turbocharger air compressor spiral case - Google Patents
A kind of preparation method of turbocharger air compressor spiral case Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The preparation method who the present invention relates to a kind of turbocharger air compressor spiral case, belongs to technical field of alloy material. This preparation method comprises batching, melting, rotten, slagging-off, refinery by de-gassing, metal mold gravity casting and heat treatment. The interpolation time of alloying element in turbocharger air compressor spiral case appropriate design alloy material of the present invention, adopt the T6 heat treatment of metal mold gravity casting technique and solution treatment and Ageing Treatment combination, make its mechanical performance high, machinability is good, tensile strength reaches 295MPa, percentage elongation 4%, Brinell hardness 90HBS, Toughness Ratio traditional material is high by 25%, meets security and the reliability of the supporting requirement of main frame.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of turbocharger air compressor, relate in particular to a kind of preparation of turbocharger air compressor spiral caseMethod, belongs to technical field of alloy material.
Background technology
Automobile engine adopts technology for Turbocharger Manufacturing be used for improving the engine performance of automobile and reduce tail gas more at presentDischarge. Existing domestic turbocharger gradually from large-scale vechicle to little vehicle, from diesel engine to gasoline engine progressively development,But the turbocharger air compressor Volute Design manufacture as turbine vitals is improved not yet, cause turbocharger withoutMethod is brought into play maximum effect, can not meet the requirement that its structure, mechanical performance improve gradually.
In Chinese patent application file (publication number: CN101880844A), disclosing a kind of automotive hub ZL101A aluminium closesThe Technology for Heating Processing of gold, the steps include: as cast condition blank first to heat up and carry out solution treatment, then carries out Quenching Treatment, then castingState blank heats up and carries out Ageing Treatment, finally cooling. The hot strength of the aluminium alloy coupon obtaining with this Technology for Heating Processing processingσ0.2Be only 255MPa, can not meet the requirement that turbocharger air compressor spiral case material property is improved constantly.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is to for above shortcomings in prior art, provide a kind of mechanical performance high, useThe turbocharger air compressor spiral case that life-span is long.
Object of the present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions, a kind of preparation method of turbocharger air compressor spiral case,Described preparation method comprises the following steps:
S1, batching: according to the required each elemental composition of turbocharger air compressor spiral case and mass percent batching thereof.
S2, melting: first add the aluminium ingot of half, after the complete melting of aluminium ingot, add silicon, copper, rare earth La and remaining aluminiumIngot adds additive after silicon and the complete melting of copper, is pressed into magnesium after the whole meltings of alloy while adjusting temperature of aluminum liquid to 690-720 DEG CSheet, stirs the aluminium liquid after melting.
S3, rotten, slagging-off, refinery by de-gassing: by the aluminium liquid after melting successively go bad processing, slagging-off and refinery by de-gassing,After refining, leave standstill.
S4, metal mold gravity casting: mould is first carried out to preheating, then the aluminium liquid after leaving standstill is adjusted to the required temperature of castDegree, pouring temperature is 690-720 DEG C, and mold temperature is 300-350 DEG C, and the die sinking time is 180-220s.
S5, heat treatment: the foundry goods after cast is heat-treated, and heat treatment comprises solution treatment and Ageing Treatment, whereinSolid solution temperature is 510-550 DEG C, is incubated after 6-10 hour and carries out immediately Quenching Treatment, and aging temperature is 170-200DEG C, be incubated the naturally cooling turbocharger air compressor spiral case that obtains after 6-10 hour.
In appropriate design alloy material of the present invention, the interpolation time of alloying element, is first added to aluminium alloy solution by silicon and copperIn, make aluminium that silicon and copper-clad are held to rear melting, avoid silicon and copper oxidized. Then add additive, reduce smelting temperature, avoid because ofExcess Temperature produces scaling loss to other alloying elements. Because the fusing point of magnesium is lower, add too early or the long meeting of smelting time causesOxidized or the scaling loss of magnesium alloy element. Thereby ensure that preparing turbocharger air compressor spiral case has that intensity is high, plasticity goodEtc. combination property. The present invention utilized strontium to use as the long-acting alterant of aluminium liquid, sustainable 10 hours of aluminium liquid mesometamorphism effectAbove, remelting is gone bad still effective 3 times afterwards.
The present invention adopts metal mold gravity casting technique in manufacturing process, can realize turbocharger air compressor spiral caseCarry out solution heat treatment, make produced turbocharger air compressor spiral case lightweight, improve again its mechanical performance simultaneously, as anti-Tensile strength, yield strength, percentage elongation, hardness and etch resistant properties etc. Precision and the surface of gained turbocharger air compressor spiral caseFineness is high and quality and dimensionally stable than common sand-cast, meets security and the reliability of the supporting requirement of complete machine. RightZL101A, uninoculated eutectic silicon is mutually needle-like and sheet distributes, and a large amount of existence meetings of needle-like and sheet are rightMatrix produces the effect of isolating, and reduces intensity and the plasticity of material. Process through rotten, can obtain better microscopic structure and mechanicsPerformance. The present invention adopts metal mold gravity casting technique, and because cooling velocity is very fast, primary silicon and eutectiferous silicon obtain carefully mutuallyChange, improved tissue, improved intensity and the plasticity of alloy. If cooling velocity is excessively slow, can make the nascent or eutectic in tissueSilicon is mutually thick, shows coarse grains on macrofracture, causes tensile strength and percentage elongation to decline. In addition, turbine of the present invention increasesThe air flue core of depressor compressor volute adopts intensity resin precoated sand in 200-260 object to make, and guarantees spiral case airway surfaceRoughness can reach 3.2 μ m, and smooth, ensures that air-flow flows in air flue smooth and easy.
The present invention adopts by the T6 heat treatment of solution treatment and Ageing Treatment combination, by heat treatment temperature and temperature retention timeGood collocation realize and in solution treatment, obtain the supersaturation aluminum alloy solution body that Mg, Si element are evenly distributed, obtain tiny,The eutectic Si phase of nodularization, and Ageing Treatment is evenly separated out Mg2The object of Si hardening constituent.
In the preparation method of above-mentioned turbocharger air compressor spiral case, the additive described in step S2 is that titanium addsAgent. Adopt titanium additives can reduce the smelting temperature of titanium, avoid because excess Temperature produces the scaling loss to other alloying elements, outstandingIt is to make the initiation temperature of magnesium alloy reach 750 DEG C, prevents that the oxidation of magnesium and burning from causing the damaged of magnesium, thereby improves aluminium alloyMaterial property, improve the combination property of turbocharger air compressor spiral case.
In the preparation method of above-mentioned turbocharger air compressor spiral case, described turbocharger air compressor spiral case eachElemental composition and mass percent thereof are: Si:6.5%-7.5%, Mg:0.25%-0.45%, Ti:0.12%-0.15%, La:0.4％-0.7％、Mn：≤0.35％、Cu：≤0.2％、Zn：≤0.3％、Fe：≤0.2％、Sn：≤0.01％、Pb：≤0.03%, other impurity element total content≤0.6%, surplus is aluminium.
Mainly carbon, sulphur etc. at other impurity elements described in above-mentioned turbocharger air compressor spiral case al alloy componentObjectionable impurities element.
In the preparation method of above-mentioned turbocharger air compressor spiral case, the smelting temperature described in step S2 is 670-750 DEG C, smelting time is 60-80min.
As preferably, the smelting temperature described in step S2 is 700 DEG C, and smelting time is 70min.
In the preparation method of above-mentioned turbocharger air compressor spiral case, the refining temperature described in step S3 is 700-750 DEG C. In this preparation method, air-breathing and brilliant to eliminate in turbocharger air compressor spiral case casting process by degassing processThe harmful effect that grain is thick. As preferably, the present invention adopts strontium (Sr) processing of going bad, and passes into nitrogen rotation degasification and carries out essenceRefining, leaves standstill 5-8min after refining. The turbocharger air compressor spiral case of producing through the rotten aluminium alloy of processing, has improved tissuePerformance, has improved anti-corrosion capability, and the turbocharger air compressor spiral case that its life-span produces than ZL101A has improved more than 2 times.
As preferably, in step S3, described refining temperature is 730 DEG C.
In the preparation method of above-mentioned turbocharger air compressor spiral case, the pouring temperature described in step S4 is 700DEG C, mold temperature is 330 DEG C, the die sinking time is 200s. If pouring temperature is too low, can cause foundry goods to produce pore, cold shut, water notFoot and shrinkage cavity defect, therefore the pouring temperature of permanent mold casting is than the high 30-50 DEG C of sand casting condition, to ensure that aluminium liquid is full of castingType. If pouring temperature is too high, can make again foundry goods cooling slowly, thick, mechanical properties decrease that foundry goods is organized. In addition poring rate,Want slow sooner after first slow, in casting process, ensure as far as possible liquid stream steadily.
In the preparation method of above-mentioned turbocharger air compressor spiral case, the solid solubility temperature described in step S5 is 530DEG C, solution time is 8 hours, and the aging temp of Ageing Treatment is 185 DEG C, and aging time is 8 hours.
In the preparation method of above-mentioned turbocharger air compressor spiral case, the water temperature of the Quenching Treatment described in step S5For 55-65 DEG C.
As preferably, the water temperature of the Quenching Treatment described in step S5 is 60 DEG C.
Turbocharger air compressor spiral case aluminium alloy is in quenching heating process, and solution strengthening is dissolved in aluminium solid solution mutually,Quenching fast when cooling, solid solution has little time to separate out, and obtains supersaturated solid solution, therefore improves turbocharger air compressor snailIntensity, hardness, toughness and the plasticity of shell. Known after deliberation, after Overheating Treatment, originally thin scutellate eutectic silicon is being quenchedWhen fire heating, assemble and nodularization, become circular or oval-shaped particle intercrystalline precipitation, wherein cooling velocity is faster, and precipitated phase moreCarefully, thus improve the resistance to elevated temperatures of turbocharger air compressor spiral case.
Preparation method's tool of turbocharger air compressor spiral case of the present invention has the following advantages:
1, the interpolation time of alloying element in appropriate design alloy material of the present invention, adopt metal mold gravity casting technique withAnd the T6 heat treatment of solution treatment and Ageing Treatment combination, improve the mechanical performance of turbocharger air compressor spiral case, make itCan in the environment below 200 DEG C, use.
2, turbocharger air compressor spiral case mechanical performance of the present invention is high, machinability good, tensile strength reaches295MPa, percentage elongation 4%, Brinell hardness 90HBS, Toughness Ratio traditional material is high by 25%, makes turbocharger air compressor spiral case fullSecurity and the reliability of the supporting requirement of foot main frame.
Detailed description of the invention
Be below specific embodiments of the invention, technical scheme of the present invention is further described, but the present invention alsoBe not limited to these embodiment.
Table 1: each elemental composition and the mass percent thereof of turbocharger air compressor spiral case in embodiment
Embodiment 1:
Batching: according to the required each elemental composition of turbocharger air compressor spiral case in table 1 embodiment 1 and quality percentage thereofThan batching.
Melting: first add the aluminium ingot of half, add silicon, copper and remaining aluminium ingot after the complete melting of aluminium ingot, treat silicon and copperCompletely after melting, add additive, while adjusting temperature of aluminum liquid to 700 DEG C after the whole meltings of alloy, be pressed into magnesium sheet, by the aluminium after meltingLiquid stirs.
Rotten, slagging-off, refinery by de-gassing: to adding the Sr processing of going bad in the aluminium liquid after melting, after slagging-off, pass into nitrogenRefining is carried out in rotation degasification in the time that temperature is 730 DEG C, leaves standstill 7min after refining.
Metal mold gravity casting: mould is first carried out to preheating, then the aluminium liquid after leaving standstill is adjusted to the required temperature of cast, waterNote temperature is 700 DEG C, and mold temperature is 330 DEG C, and the die sinking time is 200s.
Heat treatment: the foundry goods after cast is heat-treated, and heat treatment comprises solution treatment and Ageing Treatment, wherein solid solutionTreatment temperature is 530 DEG C, is incubated after 8 hours immediately in water temperature is the tank of 60 DEG C and carries out Quenching Treatment, in temperature is then185 DEG C time, carry out Ageing Treatment, be incubated the naturally cooling turbocharger air compressor spiral case that obtains after 8 hours.
The mechanical performance of the turbocharger air compressor spiral case obtaining through above-mentioned preparation method is in table 2.
Embodiment 2:
Batching: according to the required each elemental composition of turbocharger air compressor spiral case in table 1 embodiment 2 and quality percentage thereofThan batching.
Melting: first add the aluminium ingot of half, add silicon, copper and remaining aluminium ingot after the complete melting of aluminium ingot, treat silicon and copperCompletely after melting, add additive, while adjusting temperature of aluminum liquid to 690 DEG C after the whole meltings of alloy, be pressed into magnesium sheet, by the aluminium after meltingLiquid stirs.
Rotten, slagging-off, refinery by de-gassing: to adding the Sr processing of going bad in the aluminium liquid after melting, after slagging-off, pass into nitrogenRefining is carried out in rotation degasification in the time that temperature is 700 DEG C, leaves standstill 5min after refining.
Metal mold gravity casting: mould is first carried out to preheating, then the aluminium liquid after leaving standstill is adjusted to the required temperature of cast, waterNote temperature is 690 DEG C, and mold temperature is 300 DEG C, and the die sinking time is 180s.
Heat treatment: the foundry goods after cast is heat-treated, and heat treatment comprises solution treatment and Ageing Treatment, wherein solid solutionTreatment temperature is 510 DEG C, is incubated after 6 hours immediately in water temperature is the tank of 65 DEG C and carries out Quenching Treatment, in temperature is then170 DEG C time, carry out Ageing Treatment, be incubated the naturally cooling turbocharger air compressor spiral case that obtains after 6 hours.
The mechanical performance of the turbocharger air compressor spiral case obtaining through above-mentioned preparation method is in table 2.
Embodiment 3:
Batching: according to the required each elemental composition of turbocharger air compressor spiral case in table 1 embodiment 3 and quality percentage thereofThan batching.
Melting: first add the aluminium ingot of half, add silicon, copper and remaining aluminium ingot after the complete melting of aluminium ingot, treat silicon and copperCompletely after melting, add additive, while adjusting temperature of aluminum liquid to 720 DEG C after the whole meltings of alloy, be pressed into magnesium sheet, by the aluminium after meltingLiquid stirs.
Rotten, slagging-off, refinery by de-gassing: to adding the Sr processing of going bad in the aluminium liquid after melting, after slagging-off, pass into nitrogenRefining is carried out in rotation degasification in the time that temperature is 750 DEG C, leaves standstill 8min after refining.
Metal mold gravity casting: mould is first carried out to preheating, then the aluminium liquid after leaving standstill is adjusted to the required temperature of cast, waterNote temperature is 720 DEG C, and mold temperature is 350 DEG C, and the die sinking time is 220s.
Heat treatment: the foundry goods after cast is heat-treated, and heat treatment comprises solution treatment and Ageing Treatment, wherein solid solutionTreatment temperature is 550 DEG C, is incubated after 10 hours immediately in water temperature is the tank of 55 DEG C and carries out Quenching Treatment, in temperature is then200 DEG C time, carry out Ageing Treatment, be incubated the naturally cooling turbocharger air compressor spiral case that obtains after 10 hours.
The mechanical performance of the turbocharger air compressor spiral case obtaining through above-mentioned preparation method is in table 2.
Table 2: the mechanical performance of turbocharger air compressor spiral case
In table 1, comparative example is that code name is the Mechanical Properties of Aluminum Alloys of ZL101A. ZL 101 alloy accepted standard is GB/T1173-1995。
Can be found out by table one, the mechanical property of turbocharger air compressor spiral case of the present invention has more greatly and carries compared with ZL101AHeight, its mechanical performance is higher, machinability better, tensile strength reaches 295MPa, percentage elongation 4%, Brinell hardness 90HBS,Toughness Ratio traditional material is high by 25%, meets turbocharger air compressor spiral case and meets the security of the supporting requirement of main frame and reliableProperty.
Specific embodiment described herein is only to the explanation for example of the present invention's spirit. Technology neck under the present inventionThe technical staff in territory can make various amendments or supplements or adopt similar mode to substitute described specific embodiment, but alsoCan not depart from spirit of the present invention or surmount the defined scope of appended claims.
Claims (6)
1. a preparation method for turbocharger air compressor spiral case, is characterized in that, described preparation method comprises following stepRapid:
S1, batching: according to the required each elemental composition of turbocharger air compressor spiral case and mass percent batching thereof;
S2, melting: first add the aluminium ingot of half, after the complete melting of aluminium ingot, add silicon, copper, rare earth La and remaining aluminium ingot, treatAfter the complete melting of silicon and copper, add additive, while adjusting temperature of aluminum liquid to 690～720 DEG C after the whole meltings of alloy, be pressed into magnesium sheet,Aluminium liquid after melting is stirred;
S3, rotten, slagging-off, refinery by de-gassing: by the aluminium liquid after melting successively go bad processing, slagging-off and refinery by de-gassing, refiningRear leaving standstill;
S4, metal mold gravity casting: mould is first carried out to preheating, then the aluminium liquid after leaving standstill is adjusted to the required temperature of cast, waterNote temperature is 690-720 DEG C, and mold temperature is 300-350 DEG C, and the die sinking time is 180-220s;
S5, heat treatment: the foundry goods after cast is heat-treated, and heat treatment comprises solution treatment and Ageing Treatment, wherein solid solutionTreatment temperature is 550 DEG C, is incubated after 10 hours immediately in water temperature is the tank of 55 DEG C and carries out Quenching Treatment, aging temperatureBe 200 DEG C, be incubated the naturally cooling turbocharger air compressor spiral case that obtains after 10 hours;
Wherein, each elemental composition of described turbocharger air compressor spiral case and mass percent thereof are: Si:6.5%-7.0%,Mg：0.25％-0.30％、Ti：0.14％-0.15％、La：0.6％-0.7％、Mn：0.30％-0.33％、Cu：0.18％-0.20%, Zn:0.2%, Fe:0.16%-0.2%, Sn:0.008%, Pb:0.01%, other impurity element total contents≤0.6%, surplus is aluminium.
2. the preparation method of turbocharger air compressor spiral case according to claim 1, is characterized in that, in step S2,Described smelting temperature is 670-750 DEG C, and smelting time is 60-80min.
3. the preparation method of turbocharger air compressor spiral case according to claim 2, is characterized in that, in step S2,Described smelting temperature is 700 DEG C, and smelting time is 70min.
4. the preparation method of turbocharger air compressor spiral case according to claim 1, is characterized in that, in step S3,Described refining temperature is 700-750 DEG C.
5. the preparation method of turbocharger air compressor spiral case according to claim 4, is characterized in that, in step S3,Described refining temperature is 730 DEG C.
6. the preparation method of turbocharger air compressor spiral case according to claim 1, is characterized in that, in step S4,Described pouring temperature is 700 DEG C, and mold temperature is 330 DEG C, and the die sinking time is 200s.
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Effective date of registration: 20200714 Address after: 315191, Ningbo, Zhejiang province Yinzhou District Jiang calm Bridge Road No. 228 Patentee after: NINGBO KEDA SEIKO TECHNOLOGY Co.,Ltd. Address before: 315191, Ningbo, Zhejiang province Yinzhou District Jiang calm Bridge Road No. 228 Patentee before: NINGBO KEDA BRAKE MANUFACTURE Co.,Ltd. |