CN105401013A - Cast aluminum alloy for automotive structural parts and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Cast aluminum alloy for automotive structural parts and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention relates to a cast aluminum alloy for automotive structural parts and a preparation method thereof. The cast aluminum alloy comprises 7.0-8.0 wt% of Si, 0.3-0.38 wt% of Mg, 0.2-0.4 wt% of Mn, 0.2 wt% of Fe or the less, 0.2 wt% of Cu or the less, 0.2 wt% of Zn or the less, 0.03 wt% of single impurity element in other impurity elements or the less and the balance Al, wherein the total content of the impurity elements is 0.1% or the less. The preparation method comprises the steps that 1, a melting furnace is heated up, an aluminum ingot is added to the melting furnace, the melting furnace is heated up continuously to be 720 DEG C-750 DEG C, and an intermediate alloy is added to the melting furnace; 2, an AlTiB refining agent is used for grain refinement, and an AlSr intermediate alloy is used for modification treatment; 3, a hexachloroethane refining agent is added to an aluminum alloy solution, and nitrogen is blown into the aluminum alloy solution for refining and slag removing; and 4, casting and T6 heat treatment are conducted, and therefore a finished product is obtained. The material has high strength and good forming property by controlling the content of the main alloy elements of the Si and the Mg.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of aluminium alloy, particularly relate to a kind of automobile structure cast aluminium alloy and preparation method thereof, belong to non-ferrous metal technical field.
Background technology
Automotive light weight technology improves automobile fuel ecomomy, the important measures of energy efficient and inexorable trend.Along with the development of automotive industry, no matter economically or in performance, to be more and more higher to the requirement of Vehicle Materials, because aluminium alloy has loss of weight, energy-conservation and better reclaiming, therefore from the viewpoint of automobile making, automobile operation, junked-auto recovery etc., aluminium alloys for automobile material all can bring huge economic benefit and social benefit.
Casting Al-Si alloy is a most important series in cast aluminium alloy, accounts for the 85%-90% of aluminum casting output.Al-Si system alloy has good castability, is adapted to various castmethod.This is adding due to Si element, has both maintained the feature that aluminium alloy density is little, specific tenacity is high, and has which in turn improved mobility simultaneously, reduce hot cracking tendency, decrease shrinkage porosite, improve resistance to air loss.
But the subject matter of Al-Si system cast aluminium alloy component there is the defects such as hole, oxide compound and non-metallic inclusion, and these defects affect the military service performance of automobile structure strongly.
Therefore, the automobile structure cast aluminium alloy researching and developing a kind of comprehensive mechanical property higher becomes urgent problem.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is the deficiency overcoming existing automobile structure aluminium alloy capability, a kind of automobile structure cast aluminium alloy and preparation method thereof is provided, make material have good over-all properties.
Object of the present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions:
Automobile structure cast aluminium alloy, the mass percentage of its composition is:
Further, above-mentioned automobile structure cast aluminium alloy, wherein, described aluminium alloy also contains the element in As, Sb, Bi, Pb, Sn, Ni element more than at least one and total amount is less than 0.05wt%, and S content is at below 25ppm.
Further, above-mentioned automobile structure cast aluminium alloy, wherein, the tensile strength of described aluminium alloy is 300 ~ 330MPa, elongation 7.5% ~ 12.5%, yield strength 210 ~ 250MPa.
The preparation method of automobile structure cast aluminium alloy of the present invention, comprises the following steps:
1. smelting furnace is heated up, when temperature rises to 300 ~ 350 DEG C, aluminium ingot is added in smelting furnace, continue to be warmed up to 720 ~ 750 DEG C, add master alloy; Control composition content Si7.0 ~ 8.0wt% in the fabrication process, Mg0.3 ~ 0.38wt%, Mn0.2 ~ 0.4wt%, Fe≤0.2wt%, Cu≤0.2wt%, Zn≤0.2wt%, individual event impurity content≤0.03% in other impurity elements, impurity element total content≤0.1%, surplus is Al;
2. get aluminium liquid sample and carry out Chemical Composition inspection, after composition is qualified, adopt AlTiB fining agent to do grain refining, AlSr master alloy is adopted to make Metamorphism treatment, control composition content Si7.0 ~ 8.0wt% in the fabrication process, Mg0.3 ~ 0.38wt%, Mn0.2 ~ 0.4wt%, Fe≤0.2wt%, Cu≤0.2wt%, Zn≤0.2wt%, individual event impurity content≤0.03% in other impurity elements, impurity element total content≤0.1%, surplus is Al;
3. in aluminium alloy solution, hexachloroethane refining agent is added, the addition of refining agent is 0.5 ~ 0.8% of aluminium liquid measure, and is blown into nitrogen and carries out refining slagging-off, control composition content Si7.0 ~ 8.0wt% in the fabrication process, Mg0.3 ~ 0.38wt%, Mn0.2 ~ 0.4wt%, Fe≤0.2wt%, Cu≤0.2wt%, Zn≤0.2wt%, individual event impurity content≤0.03% in other impurity elements, impurity element total content≤0.1%, surplus is Al;
4. cast, then carry out T6 thermal treatment, obtain finished product.
Again further, the preparation method of above-mentioned automobile structure cast aluminium alloy, wherein, described main raw material is commercial-purity aluminium, and auxiliary material is Al-Si master alloy, Mg alloy AZ91 master alloy, Al-Mn master alloy, simple substance zinc and mishmetal.
Again further, the preparation method of above-mentioned automobile structure cast aluminium alloy, wherein, step 4. T6 thermal treatment process is: solid solubility temperature 530 ± 5 DEG C, and insulation 6h, inserts in room temperature water rapidly after taking-up and cool; Ageing treatment, 150 DEG C, air cooling of coming out of the stove after insulation 8h.
The substantive distinguishing features that technical solution of the present invention is outstanding and significant progress are mainly reflected in:
The present invention is by controlling the content of main alloy element Si, Mg, and make material have higher intensity and forming property, the tensile strength of aluminium alloy is 300 ~ 330MPa, elongation 7.5% ~ 12.5%, yield strength 210 ~ 250MPa.
Embodiment
Automobile structure cast aluminium alloy, composition is: Si7.0 ~ 8.0wt%, Mg0.3 ~ 0.38wt%, Mn0.2 ~ 0.4wt%, Fe≤0.2wt%, Cu≤0.2wt%, Zn≤0.2wt%, individual event impurity content≤0.03% in other impurity elements, impurity element total content≤0.1%, surplus is Al.
Si:7.0 ~ 8.0%; Along with the raising of Si content, the mobility of alloy, resistance to air loss be improved significantly, shrinkage porosite, hot cracking tendency reduce.Mg is formed with Mg
2si compound alloy plays ageing strengthening effect; Improve castability and the welding property of alloy simultaneously.But Si too high levels, in tissue, eutectic quantity also can increase, and occur a lot of pin lamellar eutectic Si in tissue, even thick bulk exists primary crystal Si, seriously isolates alloy substrate, reduces the obdurability of aluminum silicon alloy.
Mg:0.3 ~ 0.38%; Mg is the major ingredient improving foundry goods erosion resistance.Mg is formed with Si
2si compound alloy plays ageing strengthening effect; Improve castability and the welding property of alloy simultaneously.When Mg content is 0.3-0.38%, have certain metamorphism, Eutectic Silicon in Al-Si Cast Alloys is gone bad, the form of Eutectic Silicon in Al-Si Cast Alloys can by needle-like englobement, and thinning microstructure.
Mn:0.2 ~ 0.4%; Mn mono-can improve aspect the solidity to corrosion of aluminium silicon system casting alloy, improves recrystallization temperature, strengthens the thermotolerance of alloy.Dissolved impurity iron on the other hand, forms Al
6fe reduces the harmful effect of iron, ferro element is only played effect that namely its positive effect improves high-temperature behavior.
Fe, Cu and Zn: respectively below 0.2%; Fe easily forms thick iron phase compound, affects the performance of alloy; Cu and Zn easily forms etching channels on crystal boundary, falls low-alloyed corrosion resisting property.
Embodiment 1:
Main raw material is commercial-purity aluminium, and auxiliary material is Al-Si master alloy, Mg alloy AZ91 master alloy, Al-Mn master alloy, simple substance zinc and mishmetal.
Smelting furnace is heated up, when temperature rises to 300 DEG C, aluminium ingot is added in smelting furnace, continue to be warmed up to 720 DEG C, add master alloy; Control composition content Si:7.0%, Mg:0.38%, Mn:0.2%, Fe in the fabrication process :≤0.2%, Cu :≤0.2%, Zn :≤0.2%, individual event impurity content≤0.03% in other impurity elements, impurity element total content≤0.1%, surplus is aluminium;
Get aluminium liquid sample and carry out Chemical Composition inspection, after composition is qualified, do grain refining with AlTiB fining agent, make Metamorphism treatment with AlSr master alloy;
In aluminium alloy solution, add hexachloroethane refining agent, the addition of refining agent is 0.6% of aluminium liquid measure, and is blown into nitrogen and carries out refining slagging-off;
Cast, then (concrete technology is: solid solubility temperature 530 ± 5 DEG C, and insulation 6h, inserts in room temperature water rapidly after taking-up and cool to carry out T6 thermal treatment; Ageing treatment, 150 DEG C, air cooling of coming out of the stove after insulation 8h), obtain finished product.
The alloy mechanical property of above-mentioned technique gained is: tensile strength is 300MPa, unit elongation is 7.5%, yield strength 210MPa.
Embodiment 2:
Main raw material is commercial-purity aluminium, and auxiliary material is Al-Si master alloy, Mg alloy AZ91 master alloy, Al-Mn master alloy, simple substance zinc and mishmetal.
Smelting furnace is heated up, when temperature rises to 330 DEG C, aluminium ingot is added in smelting furnace, continue to be warmed up to 735 DEG C, add master alloy; Control composition content Si:7.5%, Mg:0.34%, Mn:0.3%, Fe in the fabrication process :≤0.2%, Cu :≤0.2%, Zn :≤0.2%, individual event impurity content≤0.03% in other impurity elements, impurity element total content≤0.1%, surplus is aluminium;
Get aluminium liquid sample and carry out Chemical Composition inspection, after composition is qualified, do grain refining with AlTiB fining agent, make Metamorphism treatment with AlSr master alloy;
In aluminium alloy solution, add hexachloroethane refining agent, the addition of refining agent is 0.5% of aluminium liquid measure, and is blown into nitrogen and carries out refining slagging-off;
Cast, then (concrete technology is: solid solubility temperature 530 ± 5 DEG C, and insulation 6h, inserts in room temperature water rapidly after taking-up and cool to carry out T6 thermal treatment; Ageing treatment, 150 DEG C, air cooling of coming out of the stove after insulation 8h), obtain finished product.
The alloy mechanical property of above-mentioned technique gained is: tensile strength is 330MPa, unit elongation is 12.5%, yield strength 250MPa.
Embodiment 3:
Main raw material is commercial-purity aluminium, and auxiliary material is Al-Si master alloy, Mg alloy AZ91 master alloy, Al-Mn master alloy, simple substance zinc and mishmetal.
Smelting furnace is heated up, when temperature rises to 350 DEG C, aluminium ingot is added in smelting furnace, continue to be warmed up to 750 DEG C, add master alloy; Control composition content Si:8.0%, Mg:0.3%, Mn:0.4%, Fe in the fabrication process :≤0.2%, Cu :≤0.2%, Zn :≤0.2%, individual event impurity content≤0.03% in other impurity elements, impurity element total content≤0.1%, surplus is aluminium;
Get aluminium liquid sample and carry out Chemical Composition inspection, after composition is qualified, do grain refining with AlTiB fining agent, make Metamorphism treatment with AlSr master alloy;
In aluminium alloy solution, add hexachloroethane refining agent, the addition of refining agent is 0.8% of aluminium liquid measure, and is blown into nitrogen and carries out refining slagging-off;
Cast, then (concrete technology is: solid solubility temperature 530 ± 5 DEG C, and insulation 6h, inserts in room temperature water rapidly after taking-up and cool to carry out T6 thermal treatment; Ageing treatment, 150 DEG C, air cooling of coming out of the stove after insulation 8h), obtain finished product.
The alloy mechanical property of above-mentioned technique gained is: tensile strength is 315MPa, unit elongation is 10%, yield strength 230MPa.
The present invention is by controlling the content of main alloy element Si, Mg, and make material have higher intensity and forming property, the tensile strength of aluminium alloy is 300 ~ 330MPa, elongation 7.5% ~ 12.5%, yield strength 210 ~ 250MPa.
Below be only embody rule example of the present invention, protection scope of the present invention is not constituted any limitation.The technical scheme that all employing equivalents or equivalence are replaced and formed, all drops within rights protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (6)
1. automobile structure cast aluminium alloy, is characterized in that the mass percentage of its composition is:
Individual event impurity content≤0.03% in other impurity elements,
Impurity element total content≤0.1%;
Surplus is Al.
2. automobile structure cast aluminium alloy according to claim 1, is characterized in that: described aluminium alloy also contains the element in As, Sb, Bi, Pb, Sn, Ni element more than at least one and total amount is less than 0.05wt%, and S content is at below 25ppm.
3. automobile structure cast aluminium alloy according to claim 1, is characterized in that: the tensile strength of described aluminium alloy is 300 ~ 330MPa, elongation 7.5% ~ 12.5%, yield strength 210 ~ 250MPa.
4. the preparation method of automobile structure cast aluminium alloy according to claim 1, is characterized in that comprising the following steps:
1. smelting furnace is heated up, when temperature rises to 300 ~ 350 DEG C, aluminium ingot is added in smelting furnace, continue to be warmed up to 720 ~ 750 DEG C, add master alloy; Control composition content Si7.0 ~ 8.0wt% in the fabrication process, Mg0.3 ~ 0.38wt%, Mn0.2 ~ 0.4wt%, Fe≤0.2wt%, Cu≤0.2wt%, Zn≤0.2wt%, individual event impurity content≤0.03% in other impurity elements, impurity element total content≤0.1%, surplus is Al;
2. get aluminium liquid sample and carry out Chemical Composition inspection, after composition is qualified, adopt AlTiB fining agent to do grain refining, AlSr master alloy is adopted to make Metamorphism treatment, control composition content Si7.0 ~ 8.0wt% in the fabrication process, Mg0.3 ~ 0.38wt%, Mn0.2 ~ 0.4wt%, Fe≤0.2wt%, Cu≤0.2wt%, Zn≤0.2wt%, individual event impurity content≤0.03% in other impurity elements, impurity element total content≤0.1%, surplus is Al;
3. in aluminium alloy solution, hexachloroethane refining agent is added, the addition of refining agent is 0.5 ~ 0.8% of aluminium liquid measure, and is blown into nitrogen and carries out refining slagging-off, control composition content Si7.0 ~ 8.0wt% in the fabrication process, Mg0.3 ~ 0.38wt%, Mn0.2 ~ 0.4wt%, Fe≤0.2wt%, Cu≤0.2wt%, Zn≤0.2wt%, individual event impurity content≤0.03% in other impurity elements, impurity element total content≤0.1%, surplus is Al;
4. cast, then carry out T6 thermal treatment, obtain finished product.
5. the preparation method of automobile structure cast aluminium alloy according to claim 4, is characterized in that: main raw material is commercial-purity aluminium, and auxiliary material is Al-Si master alloy, Mg alloy AZ91 master alloy, Al-Mn master alloy, simple substance zinc and mishmetal.
6. the preparation method of automobile structure cast aluminium alloy according to claim 4, is characterized in that: step 4. T6 thermal treatment process is: solid solubility temperature 530 ± 5 DEG C, and insulation 6h, inserts in room temperature water rapidly after taking-up and cool; Ageing treatment, 150 DEG C, air cooling of coming out of the stove after insulation 8h.
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Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN105886853A (en) * | 2016-06-01 | 2016-08-24 | 上海交通大学 | Nano ceramic particle reinforced aluminum silicon alloy, preparation method and application thereof |
| CN106939387A (en) * | 2017-02-27 | 2017-07-11 | 广东兴发铝业有限公司 | A kind of car insurance bar aluminium alloy and preparation method thereof |
| CN106967911A (en) * | 2017-02-27 | 2017-07-21 | 广东省工业分析检测中心 | One kind can anodic oxidation high-strength aluminum alloy and preparation method thereof |
| CN108118209A (en) * | 2017-11-27 | 2018-06-05 | 长春隆达铝业有限公司 | Aluminium alloy that a kind of molten aluminum trace element limits and preparation method thereof |
| CN116657005A (en) * | 2023-06-01 | 2023-08-29 | 保定市立中车轮制造有限公司 | Regenerated aluminum alloy material and preparation method thereof |
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| CN103276261A (en) * | 2013-05-28 | 2013-09-04 | 江苏大学 | Preparation method of high-conductivity aluminum alloy |
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| JPH10512924A (en) * | 1994-10-25 | 1998-12-08 | ペシネイ レナリュ | Method for producing AlSiMgCu alloy product with improved intercrystalline corrosion resistance |
| US20020155023A1 (en) * | 1997-02-24 | 2002-10-24 | Joseph Giovanni Barresi | Foundry alloy |
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Cited By (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN105886853A (en) * | 2016-06-01 | 2016-08-24 | 上海交通大学 | Nano ceramic particle reinforced aluminum silicon alloy, preparation method and application thereof |
| CN106939387A (en) * | 2017-02-27 | 2017-07-11 | 广东兴发铝业有限公司 | A kind of car insurance bar aluminium alloy and preparation method thereof |
| CN106967911A (en) * | 2017-02-27 | 2017-07-21 | 广东省工业分析检测中心 | One kind can anodic oxidation high-strength aluminum alloy and preparation method thereof |
| CN106967911B (en) * | 2017-02-27 | 2018-05-08 | 广东省工业分析检测中心 | One kind can anodic oxidation high-strength aluminum alloy and preparation method thereof |
| CN108118209A (en) * | 2017-11-27 | 2018-06-05 | 长春隆达铝业有限公司 | Aluminium alloy that a kind of molten aluminum trace element limits and preparation method thereof |
| CN116657005A (en) * | 2023-06-01 | 2023-08-29 | 保定市立中车轮制造有限公司 | Regenerated aluminum alloy material and preparation method thereof |
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