CN112296311A - Manufacturing process of rare earth aluminum alloy motor shell - Google Patents

Manufacturing process of rare earth aluminum alloy motor shell Download PDF

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Publication number
CN112296311A
CN112296311A CN202011195989.8A CN202011195989A CN112296311A CN 112296311 A CN112296311 A CN 112296311A CN 202011195989 A CN202011195989 A CN 202011195989A CN 112296311 A CN112296311 A CN 112296311A
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Prior art keywords
rare earth
aluminum alloy
aluminum
percent
alloy motor
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CN202011195989.8A
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Inventor
刘春伟
李兴华
周仕勇
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Shandong Hongyuan New Materials Co ltd
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Shandong Hongyuan New Materials Co ltd
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Priority to CN202011195989.8A priority Critical patent/CN112296311A/en
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    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22DCASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
    • B22D18/00Pressure casting; Vacuum casting
    • B22D18/04Low pressure casting, i.e. making use of pressures up to a few bars to fill the mould

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of new energy automobile motor production and manufacturing, and particularly relates to a rare earth aluminum alloy motor shell manufacturing process. The main process is that rare earth is added into aluminum alloy, and a rare earth aluminum alloy motor shell casting blank is obtained through low-pressure pouring; then, carrying out solid solution aging treatment on the shell blank, and cleaning the shell blank after the solid solution aging treatment is finished; and finally, performing precision machining on the shell to obtain a rare earth aluminum alloy motor shell finished product. The production process is simple, time-saving and labor-saving, the production efficiency is high, the manufacturing cost is low, the produced motor shell is formed by casting aluminum liquid, the pinhole content of the machined surface is low, the mechanical property is high, the heat dissipation is good, the process operation is simple, the quality of a finished product is stable, the comprehensive performance of the motor is stable, and the requirements of an aluminum alloy motor can be better met.

Description

Manufacturing process of rare earth aluminum alloy motor shell
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of new energy automobile motor production and manufacturing, and particularly relates to a rare earth aluminum alloy motor shell manufacturing process.
Background
At present, the production and manufacturing field of aluminum alloy motor casings is mainly two types, one type is casting after directly smelting an A356 aluminum ingot, the other type is casting after smelting an A00 aluminum ingot and adding an aluminum alloy, and the other type is smelting and casting. The production process of the aluminum alloy motor shell is limited to the national standard, can not be higher than the national standard, even lower than the national standard and the like, and in addition, the production process of the aluminum alloy motor shell in the current market does not have the production process of the rare earth aluminum alloy motor shell, and the addition of rare earth can obtain higher performance on the aluminum alloy and play a certain role in the microstructure of the aluminum alloy.
Disclosure of Invention
The technical problem to be solved by the invention is as follows: the manufacturing process of the rare earth aluminum alloy motor shell overcomes the defects of the prior art, is simple in production process, time-saving and labor-saving, high in production efficiency and low in manufacturing cost, the produced motor shell is formed by casting aluminum liquid, the pin hole content of a machined surface is low, the mechanical property is high, the heat dissipation is good, the process operation is simple, the quality of a finished product is stable, the comprehensive performance of the motor is stable, and the requirements of an aluminum alloy motor can be better met.
The invention discloses a manufacturing process of a rare earth aluminum alloy motor shell, which comprises the following steps:
(1) putting an aluminum ingot into an aluminum melting furnace, adding a sodium-free slag remover after the aluminum ingot is completely melted into aluminum liquid, and fully stirring;
(2) adding an aluminum strontium alloy (AlSr10) to modify the aluminum liquid;
(3) pouring the aluminum liquid after modification into a turnover ladle, adding TCB seed crystal alloy to refine the aluminum liquid, and then adding rare earth aluminum alloy;
(4) degassing the treated aluminum liquid, refining and deslagging to obtain smelted aluminum liquid;
(5) setting parameters of a low-pressure casting machine;
(6) fixing the sand core into a casting mold, and then performing low-pressure casting on the molten aluminum smelted in the step (4) through a low-pressure casting process to obtain a rare earth aluminum alloy motor shell blank;
(7) carrying out solid solution aging treatment on the rare earth aluminum alloy motor shell blank;
(8) after the solid solution aging treatment is finished, carrying out sand removal treatment on the rare earth aluminum alloy motor shell blank by using a special sand shaker;
(9) and (3) performing surface treatment, precision machining and cleaning on the rare earth aluminum alloy motor shell blank to obtain a rare earth aluminum alloy motor shell finished product.
Wherein:
in the step (1), the material of the aluminum ingot is A356.2 alloy ingot, and the sodium-free slag remover which accounts for 0.15 to 0.2 percent of the weight of the aluminum liquid is added into the aluminum liquid at the temperature of 730 plus 750 ℃.
In the step (2), the adding amount of the aluminum-strontium alloy is 0.15-0.2% of the weight of the aluminum liquid.
And (3) adding TCB seed crystal alloy with the content of 10 percent and 0.25 percent of the weight of the aluminum liquid after modification treatment to refine the aluminum liquid.
In the step (3), the rare earth aluminum alloy is a Rare Earth (RE) intermediate alloy with the content of 10%, wherein the addition amount of the rare earth elements lanthanum and cerium is 0.06% of the weight of the refined aluminum liquid.
In the step (4), the degassing treatment is to introduce high-purity argon, and the graphite rotor is started to control the rotation speed of 500-700r/min for 2-8 minutes.
The smelted aluminum liquid prepared in the step (4) comprises the following chemical components in percentage by weight: 6.5 to 7.5 percent of Si, 0.25 to 0.45 percent of Mg0.2 percent or less of Ti, 0.2 percent or less of Fe, 0.2 percent or less of Cu, 0.1 percent or less of Mn, 0.1 percent or less of Zn, 0.05 to 0.06 percent of La and 0.05 to 0.06 percent of Ce0.
The parameters of the medium-low pressure casting machine in the step (5) are as follows:
Figure BDA0002754033330000021
the pressure in bar and the time in s are indicated.
And (6) heating the mould to 280-320 ℃, spraying high-temperature-insulation coating on the cavity, spraying high-temperature-resistant graphite coating on the core, heating the mould to 380-410 ℃, and fixing the sand core coated with the refractory material into the casting mould.
The solid solution aging treatment in the step (7) adopts a T6 treatment process, and the process parameters are as follows: the solid solution temperature is 535 +/-5 ℃, the solid solution heat preservation time is 8-10 hours, the aging temperature is 535 +/-5 ℃, and the aging time is 5-7 hours.
The mechanical property of the rare earth aluminum alloy motor casing is obviously improved after the rare earth aluminum alloy motor casing is treated by T6, the tensile strength is more than or equal to 315MPa, the elongation is more than or equal to 4 percent, the hardness is more than or equal to 100HBW, the leakage is less than or equal to 2mL/min through the air tightness detection of 0.6MPa, and the air tightness qualification rate is controlled to be more than 98 percent.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
the production process is simple, time-saving and labor-saving, the production efficiency is high, the manufacturing cost is low, the produced motor shell is formed by casting aluminum liquid, the pinhole content of the machined surface is low, the mechanical property is high, the heat dissipation is good, the process operation is simple, the quality of a finished product is stable, the comprehensive performance of the motor is stable, and the requirements of an aluminum alloy motor can be better met.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be further described with reference to the following examples.
Example 1
The manufacturing process of the rare earth aluminum alloy motor shell comprises the following steps:
(1) putting an aluminum ingot A356.2 into a natural gas aluminum melting furnace, controlling the temperature of the aluminum liquid at 730-750 ℃, adding a sodium-free slag removing agent accounting for 0.15 percent of the weight of the aluminum liquid, and fully stirring after the aluminum ingot is completely melted.
(2) Adding an aluminum-strontium alloy (AlSr10) accounting for 0.18 percent of the weight of the aluminum liquid to modify the aluminum liquid.
(3) Pouring the aluminum liquid into a turnover ladle, adding the aluminum liquid into the turnover ladle, adding TCB seed crystal alloy with the content of 10 percent and the weight of 0.25 percent of the aluminum liquid into the turnover ladle at the same time to refine the aluminum liquid, and adding Rare Earth (RE) aluminum alloy with the content of 10 percent and the weight of 0.06 percent of the aluminum liquid into the turnover ladle.
(4) Degassing the aluminum liquid, introducing high-purity argon, starting a graphite rotor to control the rotating speed to be 600r/min, operating for 5 minutes, adding a granular solvent to refine and remove slag to obtain high-purity aluminum liquid with uniform tissue, wherein the aluminum liquid comprises the following chemical components in percentage by weight: 6.8 percent of Si, 0.33 percent of Mg, less than or equal to 0.2 percent of Ti, less than or equal to 0.2 percent of Fe, less than or equal to 0.2 percent of Cu, less than or equal to 0.1 percent of Mn, less than or equal to 0.1 percent of Zn, 0.05 percent of La and 0.05 percent of Ce.
And fifthly, adopting a J458 type low-pressure casting machine, and setting parameters of the low-pressure casting machine:
Figure BDA0002754033330000031
the pressure in bar and the time in s are indicated.
Sixthly, heating the mould to 280-320 ℃, spraying high-temperature-insulation coating on the cavity, spraying high-temperature-resistant graphite coating on the core, heating the mould to 380-410 ℃, fixing the sand core coated with refractory material into the casting mould, and performing low-pressure casting on the smelted aluminum liquid through a low-pressure casting process to obtain a rare earth aluminum alloy motor shell blank;
and seventhly, carrying out solid solution aging treatment on the rare earth aluminum alloy motor shell blank, wherein the solid solution aging treatment adopts a T6 treatment process, and the process parameters are as follows: the solid solution temperature is 535 +/-5 ℃, the solid solution heat preservation time is 9 hours, the aging temperature is 535 +/-5 ℃, and the aging time is 6 hours;
eighthly, after the solid solution aging treatment is finished, performing sand cleaning treatment on the rare earth aluminum alloy motor shell blank by using a special sand vibrating machine;
and seventhly, performing surface treatment, precision machining and cleaning on the rare earth aluminum alloy motor shell blank to obtain a rare earth aluminum alloy motor shell finished product.
The mechanical property of the prepared rare earth aluminum alloy motor casing is obviously improved, the tensile strength is more than or equal to 315MPa, the elongation is more than or equal to 4 percent, the hardness is more than or equal to 100HBW, the leakage is less than or equal to 2mL/min through the air tightness detection of 0.6MPa, and the air tightness qualification rate is controlled to be more than 98 percent.
Example 2
The manufacturing process of the rare earth aluminum alloy motor shell comprises the following steps:
(1) putting an aluminum ingot A356.2 into a natural gas aluminum melting furnace, controlling the temperature of the aluminum liquid at 730-750 ℃, adding a sodium-free slag removing agent accounting for 0.20 percent of the weight of the aluminum liquid, and fully stirring after the aluminum ingot is completely melted.
(2) Adding an aluminum-strontium alloy (AlSr10) accounting for 0.17 percent of the weight of the aluminum liquid to modify the aluminum liquid.
(3) Pouring the aluminum liquid into a turnover ladle, adding the aluminum liquid into the turnover ladle, adding TCB seed crystal alloy with the content of 10 percent and the weight of 0.25 percent of the aluminum liquid into the turnover ladle at the same time to refine the aluminum liquid, and adding Rare Earth (RE) aluminum alloy with the content of 10 percent and the weight of 0.06 percent of the aluminum liquid into the turnover ladle.
(4) Degassing the aluminum liquid, introducing high-purity argon, starting a graphite rotor to control the rotating speed to be 600r/min, operating for 5 minutes, adding a granular solvent to refine and remove slag to obtain high-purity aluminum liquid with uniform tissue, wherein the aluminum liquid comprises the following chemical components in percentage by weight: 7.1 percent of Si, 0.38 percent of Mg, less than or equal to 0.2 percent of Ti, less than or equal to 0.2 percent of Fe, less than or equal to 0.2 percent of Cu, less than or equal to 0.1 percent of Mn, less than or equal to 0.1 percent of Zn, 0.056 percent of La and 0.053 percent of Ce.
And fifthly, adopting a J458 type low-pressure casting machine, and setting parameters of the low-pressure casting machine:
Figure BDA0002754033330000041
the pressure in bar and the time in s are indicated.
Sixthly, heating the mould to 280-320 ℃, spraying high-temperature-insulation coating on the cavity, spraying high-temperature-resistant graphite coating on the core, heating the mould to 380-410 ℃, fixing the sand core coated with refractory material into the casting mould, and performing low-pressure casting on the smelted aluminum liquid through a low-pressure casting process to obtain a rare earth aluminum alloy motor shell blank;
and seventhly, carrying out solid solution aging treatment on the rare earth aluminum alloy motor shell blank, wherein the solid solution aging treatment adopts a T6 treatment process, and the process parameters are as follows: the solid solution temperature is 535 +/-5 ℃, the solid solution heat preservation time is 9 hours, the aging temperature is 535 +/-5 ℃, and the aging time is 6 hours;
eighthly, after the solid solution aging treatment is finished, performing sand cleaning treatment on the rare earth aluminum alloy motor shell blank by using a special sand vibrating machine;
and seventhly, performing surface treatment, precision machining and cleaning on the rare earth aluminum alloy motor shell blank to obtain a rare earth aluminum alloy motor shell finished product.
The mechanical property of the prepared rare earth aluminum alloy motor casing is obviously improved, the tensile strength is more than or equal to 315MPa, the elongation is more than or equal to 4 percent, the hardness is more than or equal to 100HBW, the leakage is less than or equal to 2mL/min through the air tightness detection of 0.6MPa, and the air tightness qualification rate is controlled to be more than 98 percent.
Of course, the foregoing is only a preferred embodiment of the invention and should not be taken as limiting the scope of the embodiments of the invention. The present invention is not limited to the above examples, and equivalent changes and modifications made by those skilled in the art within the spirit and scope of the present invention should be construed as being included in the scope of the present invention.

Claims (10)

1. A manufacturing process of a rare earth aluminum alloy motor shell is characterized by comprising the following steps: the method comprises the following steps:
(1) putting an aluminum ingot into an aluminum melting furnace, adding a sodium-free slag remover after the aluminum ingot is completely melted into aluminum liquid, and fully stirring;
(2) adding an aluminum-strontium alloy to modify the aluminum liquid;
(3) pouring the aluminum liquid after modification into a turnover ladle, adding TCB seed crystal alloy to refine the aluminum liquid, and then adding rare earth aluminum alloy;
(4) degassing the treated aluminum liquid, refining and deslagging to obtain smelted aluminum liquid;
(5) setting parameters of a low-pressure casting machine;
(6) fixing the sand core into a casting mold, and then performing low-pressure casting on the molten aluminum smelted in the step (4) through a low-pressure casting process to obtain a rare earth aluminum alloy motor shell blank;
(7) carrying out solid solution aging treatment on the rare earth aluminum alloy motor shell blank;
(8) after the solid solution aging treatment is finished, sand removal treatment is carried out on the rare earth aluminum alloy motor shell blank;
(9) and (3) performing surface treatment, precision machining and cleaning on the rare earth aluminum alloy motor shell blank to obtain a rare earth aluminum alloy motor shell finished product.
2. The manufacturing process of the rare earth aluminum alloy motor casing according to claim 1, wherein: in the step (1), the material of the aluminum ingot is A356.2 alloy ingot, and the sodium-free slag remover which accounts for 0.15 to 0.2 percent of the weight of the aluminum liquid is added into the aluminum liquid at the temperature of 730 plus 750 ℃.
3. The manufacturing process of the rare earth aluminum alloy motor casing according to claim 1, wherein: in the step (2), the adding amount of the aluminum-strontium alloy is 0.15-0.2% of the weight of the aluminum liquid.
4. The manufacturing process of the rare earth aluminum alloy motor casing according to claim 1, wherein: and (3) adding TCB seed crystal alloy with the content of 10 percent and 0.25 percent of the weight of the aluminum liquid after modification treatment to refine the aluminum liquid.
5. The manufacturing process of the rare earth aluminum alloy motor casing according to claim 1, wherein: in the step (3), the rare earth aluminum alloy is a rare earth RE intermediate alloy with the content of 10%, wherein the addition amount of the rare earth elements lanthanum and cerium is 0.06% of the weight of the refined aluminum liquid.
6. The manufacturing process of the rare earth aluminum alloy motor casing according to claim 1, wherein: in the step (4), the degassing treatment is to introduce high-purity argon, and the graphite rotor is started to control the rotation speed of 500-700r/min for 2-8 minutes.
7. The manufacturing process of the rare earth aluminum alloy motor casing according to claim 1, wherein: the smelted aluminum liquid prepared in the step (4) comprises the following chemical components in percentage by weight: 6.5 to 7.5 percent of Si, 0.25 to 0.45 percent of Mg, less than or equal to 0.2 percent of Ti, less than or equal to 0.2 percent of Fe, less than or equal to 0.2 percent of Cu, less than or equal to 0.1 percent of Mn, less than or equal to 0.1 percent of Zn, 0.05 to 0.06 percent of La and 0.05 to 0.06 percent of Ce.
8. The manufacturing process of the rare earth aluminum alloy motor casing according to claim 1, wherein: and (5) the parameters of the medium-low pressure casting machine are as follows: the liquid rising time is 10-15s, the filling time is 6-10s, the pressurization time is 1-3s, the pressure maintaining time is 200-300s, the cooling time is 150-250s, and the compensation pressure is 3-5 bar.
9. The manufacturing process of the rare earth aluminum alloy motor casing according to claim 1, wherein: and (6) heating the mould to 280-320 ℃, spraying high-temperature-insulation coating on the cavity, spraying high-temperature-resistant graphite coating on the core, heating the mould to 380-410 ℃, and fixing the sand core coated with the refractory material into the casting mould.
10. The manufacturing process of the rare earth aluminum alloy motor casing according to claim 1, wherein: the solid solution aging treatment in the step (7) adopts a T6 treatment process, and the process parameters are as follows: the solid solution temperature is 535 +/-5 ℃, the solid solution heat preservation time is 8-10 hours, the aging temperature is 535 +/-5 ℃, and the aging time is 5-7 hours.
CN202011195989.8A 2020-10-30 2020-10-30 Manufacturing process of rare earth aluminum alloy motor shell Pending CN112296311A (en)

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CN114700478A (en) * 2022-03-25 2022-07-05 东风汽车集团股份有限公司 Casting system and casting process of high-performance aluminum alloy steering knuckle

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CN113025855A (en) * 2021-03-04 2021-06-25 卓尔博(宁波)精密机电股份有限公司 High heat dissipation type alloy material motor casing
CN114700478A (en) * 2022-03-25 2022-07-05 东风汽车集团股份有限公司 Casting system and casting process of high-performance aluminum alloy steering knuckle

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