CN110735057A - Preparation method of refined-grain metal powder for 3D printing - Google Patents
Preparation method of refined-grain metal powder for 3D printing Download PDFInfo
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- CN110735057A CN110735057A CN201910919041.3A CN201910919041A CN110735057A CN 110735057 A CN110735057 A CN 110735057A CN 201910919041 A CN201910919041 A CN 201910919041A CN 110735057 A CN110735057 A CN 110735057A
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- metal
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- base metal
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C1/00—Making non-ferrous alloys
- C22C1/02—Making non-ferrous alloys by melting
- C22C1/03—Making non-ferrous alloys by melting using master alloys
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F9/00—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof
- B22F9/02—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes
- B22F9/04—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes starting from solid material, e.g. by crushing, grinding or milling
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
- C22B21/00—Obtaining aluminium
- C22B21/06—Obtaining aluminium refining
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
- C22B9/00—General processes of refining or remelting of metals; Apparatus for electroslag or arc remelting of metals
- C22B9/10—General processes of refining or remelting of metals; Apparatus for electroslag or arc remelting of metals with refining or fluxing agents; Use of materials therefor, e.g. slagging or scorifying agents
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C1/00—Making non-ferrous alloys
- C22C1/02—Making non-ferrous alloys by melting
- C22C1/026—Alloys based on aluminium
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C1/00—Making non-ferrous alloys
- C22C1/06—Making non-ferrous alloys with the use of special agents for refining or deoxidising
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P10/00—Technologies related to metal processing
- Y02P10/25—Process efficiency
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Powder Metallurgy (AREA)
- Manufacture Of Metal Powder And Suspensions Thereof (AREA)
Abstract
The invention provides a preparation method of kinds of metal powder for 3D printing of refined grains, which comprises the following steps of 1) refining agent pretreatment, namely adding refining agent powder into an ammonium chloride solution to obtain a suspension, standing the suspension until the suspension is layered, pouring out supernatant to obtain a viscous intermediate product, washing and drying the viscous intermediate product to obtain refining agent powder, 2) base metal treatment, namely melting base metal by using a vacuum induction melting furnace to obtain base metal melt, 3) adding the refining agent powder into the base metal melt, stirring until the refining agent is completely melted to obtain metal melt, 4) removing gas and impurities in the metal melt, casting the metal melt into a metal mold, cooling to obtain cast ingots, and 5) crushing and finely grinding the cast ingots.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of 3D printing, and particularly relates to a preparation method of metal powder for 3D printing, which relates to refined crystal grains.
Background
The 3D printing technology mainly has the advantages of simplifying the design process, reducing the production cost and quickening the production period, and the material form of 3D metal printing mainly comprises powder and metal wires, and the application of the metal powder is more extensive.
The mechanical properties of the metal material mainly depend on the internal structure and structure, and important characteristic parameters in the structure are grain size, so grain size refinement and grain size control are particularly important two methods for grain refinement at present, wherein types are methods for adding grain refiners into the metal melt, and types are methods for adopting physical vibration, wherein the types of the grain refiners are limited, like commercial Al-Ti-B intermediate alloys commonly used in aluminum and aluminum alloys, the grain refiners cannot be used for grain refinement of high-purity aluminum, and the solidification segregation of alloys cannot be effectively inhibited.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a preparation method of kinds of metal powder for 3D printing with refined grains, which increases the compatibility of grain refiner powder and matrix powder through the pretreatment of a refiner, improves the mechanical property of a metal material for 3D printing and has low oxygen content.
The technical scheme of the invention is realized as follows:
preparation method of metal powder for 3D printing of refined grains, comprising the following steps:
1) pretreating a refiner: adding the refiner powder into an ammonium chloride solution to obtain a suspension, standing the suspension until layering, pouring off a supernatant to obtain a viscous intermediate product, and washing and drying the viscous intermediate product to obtain the refiner powder;
2) treating base metal: melting the base metal by using a vacuum induction melting furnace to obtain base metal melt;
3) adding refiner powder into the base metal melt, and stirring until the refiner is completely melted to obtain the metal melt;
4) steps of removing gas and inclusions in the molten metal through electroslag remelting and vacuum consumable melting, casting the molten metal into a metal mold, and cooling to obtain a cast ingot;
5) and crushing the cast ingot and finely grinding to obtain the refined grain metal powder for 3D printing.
Preferably, the refiner powder of step 1) is TiSi2。
Preferably, the mass concentration of the ammonium chloride solution is 8-15%.
Preferably, the base metal of step 2) is aluminum or an aluminum alloy.
Preferably, the melting temperature in the step 2) is 700-800 ℃, and the temperature is kept for 20-30 min after the aluminum or the aluminum alloy is melted.
Preferably, after the ingot is crushed, coarse particles of 100 mesh or more are removed by a sieve.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. the refiner powder is pretreated by ammonium chloride solution, so that impurities and oil stains on the surface of the refiner are removed, the surface activity of the refiner powder is improved, the compatibility of the refiner powder and matrix powder is improved, the refiner powder and the matrix powder are uniformly mixed, the performance of printed parts is improved, and the mechanical property of metal parts is improved from the source.
2. examples of the present invention in which the refiner powder is TiSi2The aluminum alloy is not the traditional Al-Ti-C series and Al-Ti-B series ternary intermediate alloy, has more remarkable effect on refining grains of aluminum or aluminum alloy and good thermal stability, and also solves the problems of high alloy content, easy oxidation and poor molten steel fluidity and thus great powder making difficulty.
3. The metal powder for 3D printing obtained by the preparation method disclosed by the invention is good in yield strength and fatigue property, and the oxygen content is less than 200 ppm.
Detailed Description
Example 1
preparation method of metal powder for 3D printing of refined grains, comprising the following steps:
1) pretreating a refiner: adding the refiner powder into 10% ammonium chloride solution to obtain suspension, and standing the suspensionLayering, pouring out supernatant to obtain a viscous intermediate product, and washing and drying the viscous intermediate product to obtain refiner powder; the refiner powder is TiSi2。
2) Treating base metal: melting the base metal by using a vacuum induction melting furnace, wherein the melting temperature is 700 ℃, and preserving heat for 30min after aluminum or aluminum alloy is melted to obtain base metal melt; the base metal is aluminum or aluminum alloy.
3) Adding refiner powder into the base metal melt, and stirring until the refiner is completely melted to obtain the metal melt;
4) steps of removing gas and inclusions in the molten metal through electroslag remelting and vacuum consumable melting, casting the molten metal into a metal mold, and cooling to obtain a cast ingot;
5) and crushing the cast ingot and finely grinding to obtain the refined grain metal powder for 3D printing. After the ingot casting is crushed, coarse particles above 100 meshes are removed by a sieve.
Example 2
preparation method of metal powder for 3D printing of refined grains, comprising the following steps:
1) pretreating a refiner: adding the refiner powder into an ammonium chloride solution with the mass concentration of 8% to obtain a suspension, standing the suspension until the suspension is layered, pouring off a supernatant to obtain a viscous intermediate product, and washing and drying the viscous intermediate product to obtain the refiner powder; the refiner powder is TiSi2。
2) Treating base metal: melting the base metal by a vacuum induction melting furnace at 740 ℃, and preserving heat for 20min after melting aluminum or aluminum alloy to obtain base metal melt; the base metal is aluminum or aluminum alloy.
3) Adding refiner powder into the base metal melt, and stirring until the refiner is completely melted to obtain the metal melt;
4) steps of removing gas and inclusions in the molten metal through electroslag remelting and vacuum consumable melting, casting the molten metal into a metal mold, and cooling to obtain a cast ingot;
5) and crushing the cast ingot and finely grinding to obtain the refined grain metal powder for 3D printing. After the ingot casting is crushed, coarse particles above 100 meshes are removed by a sieve.
Example 3
preparation method of metal powder for 3D printing of refined grains, comprising the following steps:
1) pretreating a refiner: adding the refiner powder into an ammonium chloride solution with the mass concentration of 15% to obtain a suspension, standing the suspension until the suspension is layered, pouring off a supernatant to obtain a viscous intermediate product, and washing and drying the viscous intermediate product to obtain the refiner powder; the refiner powder is TiSi2。
2) Treating base metal: melting the base metal by using a vacuum induction melting furnace at 800 ℃, and preserving heat for 26min after melting aluminum or aluminum alloy to obtain base metal melt; the base metal is aluminum or aluminum alloy.
3) Adding refiner powder into the base metal melt, and stirring until the refiner is completely melted to obtain the metal melt;
4) steps of removing gas and inclusions in the molten metal through electroslag remelting and vacuum consumable melting, casting the molten metal into a metal mold, and cooling to obtain a cast ingot;
5) and crushing the cast ingot and finely grinding to obtain the refined grain metal powder for 3D printing. After the ingot casting is crushed, coarse particles above 100 meshes are removed by a sieve.
Example 4
preparation method of metal powder for 3D printing of refined grains, comprising the following steps:
1) pretreating a refiner: adding the refiner powder into an ammonium chloride solution with the mass concentration of 12% to obtain a suspension, standing the suspension until the suspension is layered, pouring off a supernatant to obtain a viscous intermediate product, and washing and drying the viscous intermediate product to obtain the refiner powder; the refiner powder is TiSi2。
2) Treating base metal: melting the base metal by a vacuum induction melting furnace at 760 ℃, and preserving heat for 30min after melting aluminum or aluminum alloy to obtain base metal melt; the base metal is aluminum or aluminum alloy.
3) Adding refiner powder into the base metal melt, and stirring until the refiner is completely melted to obtain the metal melt;
4) steps of removing gas and inclusions in the molten metal through electroslag remelting and vacuum consumable melting, casting the molten metal into a metal mold, and cooling to obtain a cast ingot;
5) and crushing the cast ingot and finely grinding to obtain the refined grain metal powder for 3D printing. After the ingot casting is crushed, coarse particles above 100 meshes are removed by a sieve.
The above description is only for the purpose of illustrating the preferred embodiments of the present invention and is not to be construed as limiting the invention, and any modifications, equivalents, improvements and the like that fall within the spirit and principle of the present invention are intended to be included therein.
Claims (6)
1, kinds of preparation methods of metal powder for 3D printing of refined crystal grain, characterized by comprising the following steps:
1) pretreating a refiner: adding the refiner powder into an ammonium chloride solution to obtain a suspension, standing the suspension until layering, pouring off a supernatant to obtain a viscous intermediate product, and washing and drying the viscous intermediate product to obtain the refiner powder;
2) treating base metal: melting the base metal by using a vacuum induction melting furnace to obtain base metal melt;
3) adding refiner powder into the base metal melt, and stirring until the refiner is completely melted to obtain the metal melt;
4) steps of removing gas and inclusions in the molten metal through electroslag remelting and vacuum consumable melting, casting the molten metal into a metal mold, and cooling to obtain a cast ingot;
5) and crushing the cast ingot and finely grinding to obtain the refined grain metal powder for 3D printing.
2. The method for preparing a metal powder for 3D printing of refined grains according to claim 1, wherein the refining of step 1) is performedThe powder is TiSi2。
3. The method according to claim 2, wherein the ammonium chloride melt has a mass concentration of 8 to 15%.
4. The method for preparing a metal powder for 3D printing of refined grains according to claim 1, wherein the base metal of step 2) is aluminum or aluminum alloy.
5. The method for preparing the metal powder for 3D printing of the refined grains according to claim 4, wherein the melting temperature in the step 2) is 700-800 ℃, and the temperature is kept for 20-30 min after the aluminum or the aluminum alloy is melted.
6. The method of manufacturing a metal powder for 3D printing with refined crystal grains according to claim 1, wherein after the ingot is crushed, coarse particles of 100 mesh or more are removed by a sieve.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201910919041.3A CN110735057A (en) | 2019-09-26 | 2019-09-26 | Preparation method of refined-grain metal powder for 3D printing |
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| CN201910919041.3A CN110735057A (en) | 2019-09-26 | 2019-09-26 | Preparation method of refined-grain metal powder for 3D printing |
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| CN110735057A true CN110735057A (en) | 2020-01-31 |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN109759542A (en) * | 2019-03-22 | 2019-05-17 | 北京科技大学 | A kind of casting method based on the spontaneous casting mold of layering |
Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| AU2003229453A1 (en) * | 2002-05-14 | 2003-11-11 | Groupe Minutia Inc. | Grain refining agent for cast magnesium products |
| CN101094930A (en) * | 2004-12-02 | 2007-12-26 | 铸造中心有限公司 | Aluminium casting alloy |
| CN109261977A (en) * | 2018-11-29 | 2019-01-25 | 西安建筑科技大学 | A kind of 3D printing metal powder of Fine by Ultrasonic crystal grain and preparation method thereof |
| CN109332679A (en) * | 2018-11-29 | 2019-02-15 | 西安建筑科技大学 | A kind of 3D printing metal powder of crystal grain refinement and preparation method thereof |
-
2019
- 2019-09-26 CN CN201910919041.3A patent/CN110735057A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| AU2003229453A1 (en) * | 2002-05-14 | 2003-11-11 | Groupe Minutia Inc. | Grain refining agent for cast magnesium products |
| CN101094930A (en) * | 2004-12-02 | 2007-12-26 | 铸造中心有限公司 | Aluminium casting alloy |
| CN109261977A (en) * | 2018-11-29 | 2019-01-25 | 西安建筑科技大学 | A kind of 3D printing metal powder of Fine by Ultrasonic crystal grain and preparation method thereof |
| CN109332679A (en) * | 2018-11-29 | 2019-02-15 | 西安建筑科技大学 | A kind of 3D printing metal powder of crystal grain refinement and preparation method thereof |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN109759542A (en) * | 2019-03-22 | 2019-05-17 | 北京科技大学 | A kind of casting method based on the spontaneous casting mold of layering |
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Application publication date: 20200131 |