Background technology
Y alloy y is as traditional metallic substance; Have that proportion is low, specific tenacity is high, be prone to processing, cost is low, heat dispersion and corrosion resistance and good; Manufactured parts flexibly, simply is easy to characteristics such as batch process, is widely used in industries such as Aeronautics and Astronautics, automobile, machinery.Along with development of modern industry, to y alloy y, particularly to have than high-tensile and unit elongation comprehensive mechanical property and superior corrosion resistance, the demand of y alloy y is increasing cheaply.Through the development of decades, high strength cast aluminum alloys has formed complete series, and the performance and the production technique of duraluminum all tend towards stability.
At present, aldural mainly is to be the alloy of base with Al-Cu-Mg and Al-Zn-Mg-Cu.Wherein, Al-Cu-Mg base alloy has good cut and welding property, but castability and corrosion resistance nature are relatively poor.This type duraluminum is used wider on aeronautical product, and is main as bearing the structural part and the heat-resisting part of big load.Al-Zn-Mg-Cu base alloy excellent cutting performance, and when not carrying out solution treatment, at room temperature pass through the timeliness of short period, can improve its intensity to a certain extent.But poor corrosion resistance, density is big, is easy to generate hot tearing during casting.
Because industry requirement duraluminums such as automobile, machinery and communication have good castability, like good fluidity, resistance to air loss is good, shrinking percentage is little and hot cracking tendency is little, therefore; Need select for use have the good mechanical performance, physicals and machinability preferably; While is corrosion resistance and good again, and cost is low, and is fit to the duraluminum of the high-intensity high-tenacity of production in enormous quantities; Wherein, be preferred object with the Alar that kind is maximum, purposes is the widest.Wherein, A356.2 duraluminum in the U.S. ASTMB108 standard; Its main alloying constituent mass percent is 6.5-7.5%Si, 0.25-0.45%Mg, 0.08-0.20%Ti; The major impurity element is Fe≤0.20%, Cu≤0.20%, Mn≤0.10%, Zn≤0.10%, and remaining component is Al.
The A356.2 duraluminum is used very wide, but intensity is not high.In order to improve the mechanical property of A356 alloy, the mode that adopts at present has: the method through adding Na, Sr, Sb and Ti, B iso-metamorphism material is come crystal grain thinning.But, being difficult to the stable above tensile strength of 300Mpa that reaches mostly through the duraluminum after the above-mentioned processing, unit elongation is also on the low side.Also have through adding unit such as rare earth crystal grain thinning usually, perhaps increase extrusion process on this basis, improving the castability and the mechanical property of duraluminum, but make also that thus the founding of duraluminum is complicated, cost is higher.
Summary of the invention
Main purpose of the present invention is that a kind of castability is provided and mechanical property is good and the aluminium silicon magnesium of good corrosion resistance is y alloy y and casting technique.
In order to achieve the above object, it is y alloy y that the present invention proposes a kind of aluminium silicon magnesium, and said duraluminum component comprises the element of following mass percent:
Silicon 6.5-7.5; Magnesium 0.40-0.60; Titanium 0.10-0.30; Strontium 0.01-0.03; Iron≤0.20; Copper≤0.10; Zinc≤0.20; Manganese≤0.10; Beryllium≤0.01; Vanadium≤0.02; All the other are aluminium.
Preferably, said duraluminum tensile strength is greater than 380Mpa; Unit elongation is more than or equal to 7.8%; HB is greater than 85.
Preferably, the mass percentage content of forming each element of said duraluminum is: silicon 7.021; Magnesium 0.463; Titanium 0.237; Strontium 0.018; Iron 0.183; Copper 0.040; Zinc 0.018; Manganese 0.098; Beryllium 0.003; Vanadium 0.019; All the other are aluminium; Said duraluminum tensile strength is 411Mpa, and unit elongation is 8.04%.
Preferably, the mass percentage content of forming each element of said duraluminum is: silicon 7.035; Magnesium 0.453; Titanium 0.229; Strontium 0.017; Iron 0.189; Copper 0.041; Zinc 0.019; Manganese 0.099; Beryllium 0.002; Vanadium 0.018; All the other are aluminium; Said duraluminum tensile strength is 400Mpa, and unit elongation is 7.80%.
Preferably, the mass percentage content of forming each element of said duraluminum is: silicon 7.087; Magnesium 0.459; Titanium 0.185; Strontium 0.014; Iron 0.169; Copper 0.063; Zinc 0.024; Manganese 0.089; Beryllium 0.002; Vanadium 0.017; All the other are aluminium; Said duraluminum tensile strength is 388Mpa, and unit elongation is 10.02%.
The present invention also proposes a kind of aluminium silicon magnesium line aluminium alloy casting technique, may further comprise the steps:
With A356.2 aluminium ingot shove charge melting;
Add rotten material in the aluminium ingot solution after melting, adopt the bubble filtration method to carry out refining;
Solution left standstill after the refining after the scheduled time, is cast under preset temperature;
Solution after the casting is carried out solid solution, cooling, transfer and timeliness successively to be handled.
Preferably, it is 720 ℃~730 ℃ that said aluminium ingot solution is carried out the purified temperature, and refining time is 15~25 minutes; Solid solution temperature is 535 ℃ ± 5 ℃, and the solution treatment time is 8h~10h; Aging temperature is 165 ℃ ± 5 ℃, and the ageing treatment time is 6h-8h.
A kind of aluminium silicon magnesium that the present invention proposes is y alloy y and casting technique; It is on the low side to have overcome Alar intensity; Unit elongation is on the low side, and aluminum bronze system and aluminum zinc series alloy castability and the relatively poor deficiency of corrosion resistance nature, adopting aluminium silicon magnesium is y alloy y; Improve tensile strength, toughness and the castability of duraluminum, had the low advantage that reaches corrosion resistance and good of cost simultaneously.
Embodiment
Embodiment of the invention solution mainly is: on the basis of existing A356.2 duraluminum, rotten forming contained following mass percent: silicon 6.5-7.5; Magnesium 0.40-0.60; Titanium 0.10-0.30; Strontium 0.01-0.03; Iron≤0.20; Copper≤0.10; Zinc≤0.20; Manganese≤0.10; Beryllium≤0.01; Vanadium≤0.02; All the other are the element of aluminium, handle through melting, refining, casting, solid solution, cooling, transfer and timeliness, and the aluminium silicon magnesium that obtains tensile strength and unit elongation height, castability and corrosion resistance and good is y alloy y.
On the low side in order to overcome in the prior art Alar intensity; Unit elongation is on the low side; And aluminum bronze system and aluminum zinc series alloy castability and the relatively poor deficiency of corrosion resistance nature, it is y alloy y that the present invention provides the aluminium silicon magnesium of a kind of HS, H.T., good casting property; It is lower to have cost simultaneously, the advantage of corrosion resistance and good.This aluminium silicon magnesium is that y alloy y is rotten forming on existing A356.2 aluminium ingot basis, and its concrete component comprises the element of following mass percent:
Silicon 6.5-7.5; Magnesium 0.40-0.60; Titanium 0.10-0.30; Strontium 0.01-0.03; Iron≤0.20; Copper≤0.10; Zinc≤0.20; Manganese≤0.10; Beryllium≤0.01; Vanadium≤0.02; All the other are aluminium.
By the elementary composition duraluminum tensile strength of above-mentioned mass percent greater than 380Mpa; Unit elongation is more than or equal to 7.8%; HB is greater than 85.
Particularly, a kind of aluminium silicon magnesium that first embodiment of the invention proposes is y alloy y, and the mass percentage content of forming each element of this duraluminum is: silicon 7.021; Magnesium 0.463; Titanium 0.237; Strontium 0.018; Iron 0.183; Copper 0.040; Zinc 0.018; Manganese 0.098; Beryllium 0.003; Vanadium 0.019; All the other are aluminium.
Present embodiment aluminium silicon magnesium is that the y alloy y foundry technology process is:
After A356.2 aluminium ingot shove charge melting; Solution after adopting bubble filtration (GBF) method to melting carries out refining, and the gas in the bubble filtration method can adopt argon gas or nitrogen, at purified simultaneously; Can in refining solution, add rotten material; Should can adopt al-sr alloy solution by rotten material, with better crystal grain thinning, to improve the castability and the mechanical property of duraluminum.
Above-mentioned bubble filtration method belongs to existing current techique, is not described further at this.
Wherein, refining temperature can be 725 ℃ ± 5 ℃, and the time is 15 minutes, in the purified process, and the processing of skimming simultaneously.
After refining is accomplished, with the solution left standstill scheduled time after the refining such as after 10 minutes, detect hydrogen content, dregginess and material composition in the solution, when detect qualified after, under 720 ℃ ± 5 ℃, cast.Then, be that 535 ℃ ± 5 ℃, time are 10 hours solution treatment through excess temperature, then with 35 ℃-60 ℃ warm water cooling, need transfer time less than 20 seconds, 165 ℃ ± 5 ℃, 6 hours ageing treatment of warp gets final product again.
The y alloy y stress strain curve of present embodiment after with the turning of test rod top layer is as shown in Figure 1.The diameter of this test rod is 9.92mm, and maximum pull is 31.77KN (thousand newton), and tensile strength is 411Mpa, and elongation after fracture is that unit elongation is 8.04%.
A kind of aluminium silicon magnesium that second embodiment of the invention proposes is y alloy y, and the mass percentage content of forming each element of this duraluminum is: silicon 7.035; Magnesium 0.453; Titanium 0.229; Strontium 0.017; Iron 0.189; Copper 0.041; Zinc 0.019; Manganese 0.099; Beryllium 0.002; Vanadium 0.018; All the other are aluminium.
Present embodiment aluminium silicon magnesium is that the y alloy y foundry technology process is identical with above-mentioned first embodiment, and the y alloy y stress strain curve after the top layer turning of present embodiment test rod is as shown in Figure 2.The diameter of this test rod is 9.89mm, and maximum pull is 30.784KN, and tensile strength is 400Mpa, and elongation after fracture is 7.80%.
A kind of aluminium silicon magnesium that third embodiment of the invention proposes is y alloy y, and the mass percentage content of forming each element of this duraluminum is: silicon 7.087; Magnesium 0.459; Titanium 0.185; Strontium 0.014; Iron 0.169; Copper 0.063; Zinc 0.024; Manganese 0.089; Beryllium 0.002; Vanadium 0.017; All the other are aluminium.
Present embodiment aluminium silicon magnesium is that the y alloy y foundry technology process is identical with above-mentioned first embodiment.Y alloy y stress strain curve after the top layer turning of present embodiment test rod is as shown in Figure 3.This specimen finish is 10.2mm, and maximum pull is 31.740KN, and tensile strength is 388Mpa, and elongation after fracture is 10.02%.
It is on the low side that the aluminium silicon magnesium that the embodiment of the invention proposes is that y alloy y has overcome Alar intensity; Unit elongation is on the low side; And aluminum bronze system and aluminum zinc series alloy castability and the relatively poor deficiency of corrosion resistance nature; Adopting aluminium silicon magnesium is y alloy y, has improved tensile strength, toughness and the castability of duraluminum, has the low advantage that reaches corrosion resistance and good of cost simultaneously.
As shown in Figure 4, one embodiment of the invention proposes a kind of aluminium silicon magnesium line aluminium alloy casting technique, comprising:
Step S101 is with A356.2 aluminium ingot shove charge melting;
Step S102 adds rotten material in the aluminium ingot solution after melting, adopt the bubble filtration method to carry out refining;
Wherein, in refining process, adding rotten material is for better crystal grain thinning, to improve the castability and the mechanical property of duraluminum.Rotten material can be al-sr alloy, also can adopt its allometamorphism material as required.Gas in the bubble filtration method can adopt argon gas or nitrogen.
Refining temperature in the refining process can be selected 720 ℃~730 ℃ for use, and refining time can be selected for use 15~25 minutes.
In addition, in refining process, pull out slag simultaneously and handle, to improve the purity of duraluminum.
Step S103 after the scheduled time, casts the solution left standstill after the refining under preset temperature;
Wherein, the scheduled time can select for use 10-15 minute, in this step, the solution left standstill after the refining after the scheduled time, was needed to detect hydrogen content, dregginess and the material composition of solution; After detected result is qualified, under 715 ℃~725 ℃ temperature, cast then.
Step S104 carries out solid solution, cooling, transfer and timeliness successively to the solution after the casting and handles.
In the present embodiment, solid solution temperature can be selected 535 ℃ ± 5 ℃ for use, the solution treatment time can for 8h~10h (hour); Aging temperature can be 165 ℃ ± 5 ℃, and the ageing treatment time can be 6h-8h.
The mass percent of each component of the duraluminum of processing through the above-mentioned technology of present embodiment is respectively: silicon 6.5-7.5; Magnesium 0.40-0.60; Titanium 0.10-0.30; Strontium 0.01-0.03; Iron≤0.20; Copper≤0.10; Zinc≤0.20; Manganese≤0.10; Beryllium≤0.01; Vanadium≤0.02; All the other are aluminium.
The tensile strength of above-mentioned duraluminum is greater than 380Mpa; Unit elongation is more than or equal to 7.8%; HB is greater than 85.
Compare prior art; The aluminium silicon magnesium that the embodiment of the invention proposes is y alloy y and casting technique, and it is on the low side to have overcome Alar intensity, and unit elongation is on the low side; And aluminum bronze system and aluminum zinc series alloy castability and the relatively poor deficiency of corrosion resistance nature; Adopting aluminium silicon magnesium is y alloy y, has improved tensile strength, toughness and the castability of duraluminum, has the low advantage that reaches corrosion resistance and good of cost simultaneously.
The above is merely the preferred embodiments of the present invention; Be not so limit claim of the present invention; Every equivalent structure or flow process conversion that utilizes specification sheets of the present invention and accompanying drawing content to be done; Or directly or indirectly be used in other relevant technical field, all in like manner be included in the scope of patent protection of the present invention.