CN103275734A - Degradable liquid film prepared by adopting wastes of tobacco fields and use method of degradable liquid film - Google Patents
Degradable liquid film prepared by adopting wastes of tobacco fields and use method of degradable liquid film Download PDFInfo
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- CN103275734A CN103275734A CN2013101755038A CN201310175503A CN103275734A CN 103275734 A CN103275734 A CN 103275734A CN 2013101755038 A CN2013101755038 A CN 2013101755038A CN 201310175503 A CN201310175503 A CN 201310175503A CN 103275734 A CN103275734 A CN 103275734A
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- tobacco
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- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 109
- 241000208125 Nicotiana Species 0.000 title claims abstract description 92
- 235000002637 Nicotiana tabacum Nutrition 0.000 title claims abstract description 92
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 59
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 24
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 53
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 51
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 42
- 239000003337 fertilizer Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 39
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 239000003431 cross linking reagent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 239000003999 initiator Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 239000004014 plasticizer Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 239000004021 humic acid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- QJZYHAIUNVAGQP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-nitrobicyclo[2.2.1]hept-5-ene-2,3-dicarboxylic acid Chemical compound C1C2C=CC1C(C(=O)O)C2(C(O)=O)[N+]([O-])=O QJZYHAIUNVAGQP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 229920001732 Lignosulfonate Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 239000004368 Modified starch Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 229920000881 Modified starch Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 235000019426 modified starch Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 229920002134 Carboxymethyl cellulose Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 239000001768 carboxy methyl cellulose Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 235000010948 carboxy methyl cellulose Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 239000008112 carboxymethyl-cellulose Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 claims description 45
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 claims description 28
- KWYUFKZDYYNOTN-UHFFFAOYSA-M Potassium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[K+] KWYUFKZDYYNOTN-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 27
- 239000000575 pesticide Substances 0.000 claims description 24
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims description 21
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 20
- 238000004321 preservation Methods 0.000 claims description 18
- 238000000855 fermentation Methods 0.000 claims description 16
- 230000004151 fermentation Effects 0.000 claims description 16
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 16
- ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Potassium Chemical compound [K] ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 15
- 239000011591 potassium Substances 0.000 claims description 15
- 229910052700 potassium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 15
- UIIMBOGNXHQVGW-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium bicarbonate Chemical group [Na+].OC([O-])=O UIIMBOGNXHQVGW-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000002921 fermentation waste Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- ROOXNKNUYICQNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N ammonium persulfate Chemical compound [NH4+].[NH4+].[O-]S(=O)(=O)OOS([O-])(=O)=O ROOXNKNUYICQNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000006229 carbon black Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000002361 compost Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 235000019357 lignosulphonate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 9
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000004372 Polyvinyl alcohol Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 229920002451 polyvinyl alcohol Polymers 0.000 claims description 7
- NTHWMYGWWRZVTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium silicate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-][Si]([O-])=O NTHWMYGWWRZVTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000004115 Sodium Silicate Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000007888 film coating Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000009501 film coating Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- WSFSSNUMVMOOMR-NJFSPNSNSA-N methanone Chemical compound O=[14CH2] WSFSSNUMVMOOMR-NJFSPNSNSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000002068 microbial inoculum Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- USHAGKDGDHPEEY-UHFFFAOYSA-L potassium persulfate Chemical compound [K+].[K+].[O-]S(=O)(=O)OOS([O-])(=O)=O USHAGKDGDHPEEY-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000001681 protective effect Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910000030 sodium bicarbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 235000017557 sodium bicarbonate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910052911 sodium silicate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- XSQUKJJJFZCRTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Urea Chemical compound NC(N)=O XSQUKJJJFZCRTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910001870 ammonium persulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000000844 anti-bacterial effect Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000003899 bactericide agent Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000004202 carbamide Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000011550 stock solution Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- IXPNQXFRVYWDDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-methyl-2,4-dioxo-1,3-diazinane-5-carboximidamide Chemical compound CN1CC(C(N)=N)C(=O)NC1=O IXPNQXFRVYWDDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- ZOXJGFHDIHLPTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Boron Chemical compound [B] ZOXJGFHDIHLPTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- PWHULOQIROXLJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Manganese Chemical compound [Mn] PWHULOQIROXLJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- ZOKXTWBITQBERF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Molybdenum Chemical compound [Mo] ZOKXTWBITQBERF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- DWAQJAXMDSEUJJ-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium bisulfite Chemical compound [Na+].OS([O-])=O DWAQJAXMDSEUJJ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 4
- HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc Chemical compound [Zn] HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- DIZPMCHEQGEION-UHFFFAOYSA-H aluminium sulfate (anhydrous) Chemical compound [Al+3].[Al+3].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O.[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O.[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O DIZPMCHEQGEION-UHFFFAOYSA-H 0.000 claims description 4
- KGBXLFKZBHKPEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N boric acid Chemical compound OB(O)O KGBXLFKZBHKPEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000004327 boric acid Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052796 boron Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052748 manganese Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000011572 manganese Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052750 molybdenum Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000011733 molybdenum Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000002791 soaking Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000000661 sodium alginate Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 235000010413 sodium alginate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 4
- 229940005550 sodium alginate Drugs 0.000 claims description 4
- 235000010267 sodium hydrogen sulphite Nutrition 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000011701 zinc Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000000354 decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000007865 diluting Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000002386 leaching Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000011068 loading method Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000010899 nucleation Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000015097 nutrients Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000004806 packaging method and process Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000009333 weeding Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910021538 borax Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000004328 sodium tetraborate Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000010339 sodium tetraborate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- 201000010099 disease Diseases 0.000 abstract description 12
- 208000037265 diseases, disorders, signs and symptoms Diseases 0.000 abstract description 12
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 abstract description 12
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 abstract description 6
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- 239000003814 drug Substances 0.000 abstract description 4
- 231100000989 no adverse effect Toxicity 0.000 abstract description 4
- 230000002045 lasting effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 3
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000010790 dilution Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000012895 dilution Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 description 24
- PEDCQBHIVMGVHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Glycerine Chemical compound OCC(O)CO PEDCQBHIVMGVHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 9
- HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[Na+] HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 9
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 9
- 238000005303 weighing Methods 0.000 description 9
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 8
- 241000607479 Yersinia pestis Species 0.000 description 5
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- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 description 4
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- 239000003242 anti bacterial agent Substances 0.000 description 3
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- 241000238631 Hexapoda Species 0.000 description 2
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- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000002265 prevention Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000002344 surface layer Substances 0.000 description 2
- SMZOUWXMTYCWNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(2-methoxy-5-methylphenyl)ethanamine Chemical compound COC1=CC=C(C)C=C1CCN SMZOUWXMTYCWNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-Propenoic acid Natural products OC(=O)C=C NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- PUKLDDOGISCFCP-JSQCKWNTSA-N 21-Deoxycortisone Chemical class C1CC2=CC(=O)CC[C@]2(C)[C@@H]2[C@@H]1[C@@H]1CC[C@@](C(=O)C)(O)[C@@]1(C)CC2=O PUKLDDOGISCFCP-JSQCKWNTSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VHUUQVKOLVNVRT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonium hydroxide Chemical compound [NH4+].[OH-] VHUUQVKOLVNVRT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 241000208838 Asteraceae Species 0.000 description 1
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 102000000541 Defensins Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 108010002069 Defensins Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 241000218670 Ephedraceae Species 0.000 description 1
- 244000230012 Gleditsia triacanthos Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000013813 Gleditsia triacanthos Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 241000218195 Lauraceae Species 0.000 description 1
- 229920000161 Locust bean gum Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 241000218377 Magnoliaceae Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000124008 Mammalia Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000158728 Meliaceae Species 0.000 description 1
- 241001465754 Metazoa Species 0.000 description 1
- 239000011837 N,N-methylenebisacrylamide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004721 Polyphenylene oxide Substances 0.000 description 1
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- 241001116495 Taxaceae Species 0.000 description 1
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- 230000001887 anti-feedant effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- -1 antifeedant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000005667 attractant Substances 0.000 description 1
- GMVLGJDMPCRIJK-CGZBRXJRSA-N benzyl n-[(2s)-1-[(3-hydroxyoxan-4-yl)amino]-4-methyl-1-oxopentan-2-yl]carbamate Chemical group N([C@@H](CC(C)C)C(=O)NC1C(COCC1)O)C(=O)OCC1=CC=CC=C1 GMVLGJDMPCRIJK-CGZBRXJRSA-N 0.000 description 1
- SEGBQNJGOCXIGC-FHERZECASA-N benzyl n-[(2s)-1-[(4-hydroxyoxolan-3-yl)amino]-4-methyl-1-oxopentan-2-yl]carbamate Chemical group N([C@@H](CC(C)C)C(=O)NC1C(COC1)O)C(=O)OCC1=CC=CC=C1 SEGBQNJGOCXIGC-FHERZECASA-N 0.000 description 1
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- 230000031902 chemoattractant activity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000019504 cigarettes Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- GUJOJGAPFQRJSV-UHFFFAOYSA-N dialuminum;dioxosilane;oxygen(2-);hydrate Chemical compound O.[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3].O=[Si]=O.O=[Si]=O.O=[Si]=O.O=[Si]=O GUJOJGAPFQRJSV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OSVXSBDYLRYLIG-UHFFFAOYSA-N dioxidochlorine(.) Chemical class O=Cl=O OSVXSBDYLRYLIG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000002270 dispersing agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003995 emulsifying agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229930003935 flavonoid Natural products 0.000 description 1
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- 229920003063 hydroxymethyl cellulose Polymers 0.000 description 1
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- 244000144972 livestock Species 0.000 description 1
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- 244000005700 microbiome Species 0.000 description 1
- 239000011707 mineral Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000010755 mineral Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000013379 molasses Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229910052901 montmorillonite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- ZIUHHBKFKCYYJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N n,n'-methylenebisacrylamide Chemical compound C=CC(=O)NCNC(=O)C=C ZIUHHBKFKCYYJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000011368 organic material Substances 0.000 description 1
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- 239000004584 polyacrylic acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920000570 polyether Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 235000019353 potassium silicate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
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- HLBBKKJFGFRGMU-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium formate Chemical compound [Na+].[O-]C=O HLBBKKJFGFRGMU-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
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Landscapes
- Fertilizers (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a degradable liquid film prepared by adopting wastes of tobacco fields and a use method of the degradable liquid film. The film comprises the following components in parts by weight: 82-97 parts of raw material, 17-25 parts of film-forming agent, 3-4 parts of plasticizer, 1.1-2.15 parts of crosslinking agent, 0.03-0.05 parts of initiator and 0.1-0.2 parts of pH (potential of Hydrogen) regulating agent, wherein during dilution spraying, 0.1-0.2 parts of microelement fertilizer and 0.01-0.05 parts of botanical disease-preventing pest-controlling medicament can be added; and the raw material comprises one or more of fermenting waste liquor of the wastes of the tobacco fields, lignin sulfonate, modified starch, humic acid and carboxymethyl cellulose. The film disclosed by the invention is simple in process, safe and friendly to environment, lasting in effect, convenient to use and low in cost and labour intensity and has the advantages that the wastes of the tobacco fields are turned into treasure; the produced liquid mulching film has no adverse effect on crop growth environments such as soil underground water and soil; after the film is degraded, the organic content of the soil can be increased, the granular structure of the soil is improved and the soil-borne disease is inhibited; and the film formed after spraying is strong in ground adhesion and has a good heat preserving effect and moisture preserving effect.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of mulching films applied in agriculture, in particular to a degradable liquid film prepared from tobacco field wastes and a using method thereof.
Background
Tobacco is an important economic crop in China and also an important economic source of national and local fiscal taxes. Tobacco areas in China are mostly distributed in poor mountainous areas with laggard economy, tobacco planting is an important way for helping farmers in the mountainous areas to get rid of poverty and get rich and stably improve the living standard, but in the production process of tobacco leaves, the tobacco stem plant parts except tobacco stem leaves with baking value are removed, and include tobacco stems, tobacco roots, footing leaves, a series of difficult problems such as tobacco field soil productivity reduction, frequent disease occurrence and the like caused by the non-standard treatment of tobacco field wastes such as tobacco leaves, fireworks, tobacco seeds, axillary buds and the like optimized by the policy of 'optimizing structure', and a series of ecological and environmental problems with regional characteristics are caused, so that the ecological environment of the tobacco areas is deteriorated, the quality and the production benefit of the tobacco leaves are reduced, and the tobacco planting is a bottleneck for restricting the sustainable development of tobacco production.
At present, when part of tobacco growers in a tobacco area treat tobacco field wastes, inapplicable tobacco leaves are discarded to the field of the tobacco field, serious pollution is caused to the cultivation of the tobacco field and the tobacco planting environment, particularly, once the tobacco leaves suffering from diseases and insect pests are treated inappropriately, the diseases and insect pests of other tobacco fields and the fields around are easily caused, the resource waste is caused by the burying and burning mode, and the secondary utilization is not achieved. Nowadays, the resource recycling is more important when green ecology, low carbon and environmental protection are advocated, the pollution-free treatment of the tobacco field waste to produce the organic fertilizer can realize resource utilization, and the method is still only capable of producing the organic fertilizer and still is a single utilization mode although the method is more advanced compared with the traditional tobacco field waste such as burying, burning and the like.
With the progress of research, the resource utilization of tobacco field wastes has been advanced to a certain extent, for example, the invention patent application of Chinese patent application No. 2010201504457U, Yueyong and the like disclose a mulching film for cigarettes, which is integrally made of 2 materials of a surface layer and a bottom layer, wherein the surface layer made of tobacco stems has the functions of moisture preservation and temperature rise, the bottom layer made of waste tobacco leaves and tobacco stems contains a herbicide, and the herbicide can be absorbed by plants in later seasons after being degraded in the field, but has certain defects in the actual application performance of moisture preservation and soil moisture preservation. For another example, the invention patent application of chinese patent application No. 201010116170.8, linghuizi, etc. discloses a method for producing liquid mulching film for tobacco by using tobacco waste humic acid, which is characterized by simple production method, low product cost and complete biodegradation, but part of the component sources in the formula are not direct conversion of waste, such as charcoal powder, which is not waste.
Other related prior art liquid mulching films, for example, chinese patent application No. 2006100172658, disclose a multifunctional degradable liquid mulching film and a method for preparing the same, which mainly comprises starch, acrylic acid, a neutralizer (potassium hydroxide or sodium hydroxide), polyvinyl alcohol, a crosslinking agent (N, N-methylenebisacrylamide), a chain transfer agent (sodium formate), and an initiator (ammonium persulfate or potassium persulfate). The following steps are repeated: 2006101187773 discloses a degradable liquid mulching film product and its preparation method, which mainly comprises: 5000PPM activated chlorine dioxide, mineral starch, starch material, and honey locust gum and other gum powders. For another example, 200810079787X discloses a multifunctional degradable liquid mulching film, a preparation method and an application thereof. It mainly comprises: polyether polyol-polyvinyl alcohol-polyaspartate polymer, emulsifier, dispersant, pH regulator (ammonia water, potassium hydroxide, sodium hydroxide), and antifreezing agent. For another example, chinese patent application 2011100361491 discloses a biodegradable liquid mulching film of seaweed and a method for preparing the same, which mainly comprises: 68799 seaweed extract, polyacrylic acid seaweed gel resin, lignosulfonate, humic acid, molasses, biochemical fulvic acid salt, and hydroxymethyl cellulose. For another example, chinese patent application 201110457690X discloses a montmorillonite-humic acid multifunctional degradable liquid mulching film, which comprises the following components: montmorillonite, humic acid, potassium hydroxide or sodium hydroxide, a cross-linking agent, a film-forming agent, water glass, a micro-fertilizer, a pesticide and a herbicide. The product of this patent requires in particular that the film is made on a sunny day, not on a rainy day. (see claim 8, step C).
The above prior art has its drawbacks, specifically: 1. 2, the film forming property of a simple organic material product is poor, so that a soil layer is adhered, and soil is damaged. 3. After film forming, the film is dissolved in water and is dissolved in rain, thus the film can not play the role of a mulching film.
In view of the technical problems, a liquid mulching film which is simple in process, safe, environment-friendly and durable in effect and can change waste of tobacco fields into valuables is urgently needed, the produced liquid mulching film has no adverse effect on the growth environment of crops such as soil underground water, soil and the like, the organic matter content of the soil can be improved after degradation, the granular structure of the soil is improved, soil-borne diseases are inhibited, the liquid mulching film is convenient to use, low in cost and low in labor intensity, the film formed after spraying is strong in adhesion with the ground, the heat preservation and moisture preservation effects are good, the elastic liquid mulching film is provided, the purposes of cleaning agriculture and changing waste into valuables can be achieved, sustainable development of tobacco production can be achieved, and the liquid mulching film is insoluble. A degradable liquid film prepared by adopting tobacco field wastes and a using method thereof.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects in the prior art, and provides the liquid film which is simple in process, safe, environment-friendly and durable in effect, changes the waste of tobacco fields into valuable, does not have adverse effect on the growth environment of crops such as soil underground water, soil and the like, can improve the organic matter content of the soil after degradation, improves the granular structure of the soil, inhibits soil-borne diseases, is convenient to use, low in cost and low in labor intensity, has strong adhesion between a film formed after spraying and the ground, has good heat preservation and moisture preservation effects, has elasticity, can realize the purposes of cleaning agriculture and changing the waste into valuable, can realize sustainable development of tobacco production, and is insoluble in water within a period of time. A degradable liquid film prepared by adopting tobacco field wastes and a using method thereof.
In order to solve the technical problem, the invention provides a degradable liquid film prepared from tobacco field wastes, which comprises the following components in parts by weight:
raw materials: 82 to 97 portions of
Film-forming agent: 17-25 parts of
Plasticizer: 3-4 parts of
A crosslinking agent: 1.1-2.15 parts
Initiator: 0.03 to 0.05 portion
pH regulator: 0.1 to 0.2 portion
The raw materials are as follows: one or more of tobacco field waste fermentation waste liquid, sulfonated lignin, modified starch, humic acid and carboxymethyl cellulose.
Or, the composition comprises the following components in parts by weight:
raw materials: 82 to 90 portions of
Film-forming agent: 17-20 parts of
Plasticizer: 3-3.5 parts of
A crosslinking agent: 1.1 to 1.5 portions
Initiator: 0.03 to 0.04 portion
pH regulator: 0.1 to 0.15 portion
Or, the composition comprises the following components in parts by weight:
raw materials: 90 to 97 portions of
Film-forming agent: 20-25 parts of
Plasticizer: 3.5 to 4 portions of
A crosslinking agent: 1.5-2.15 parts
Initiator: 0.04 to 0.05 portion
pH regulator: 0.15 to 0.2 portion
The paint further comprises the following components in parts by weight:
micro-fertilizer: 0.1 to 0.2 portion
Plant-derived disease-preventing and pest-controlling medicament 0.01-0.05 part
The micro-fertilizer comprises the following components: the plant-derived pesticide is any one or more of a copper fertilizer, a boron fertilizer, a molybdenum fertilizer, a manganese fertilizer, an iron fertilizer and a zinc fertilizer, and the plant-derived pesticide and/or bactericide is a plant-derived pesticide.
The botanical pesticide is also called botanical pesticide. Pesticides developed by utilizing plant resources. Comprises active ingredients extracted from plants, the plants and compounds and derivatives synthesized according to active structures. The plant phytotoxin, plant endogenous hormone, plant insect hormone, antifeedant, attractant, repellent, sterilant, synergist, plant defensin, allelopathic substance and the like. Classified according to the effective components, chemical structure and use: alkaloids, terpenes, flavonoids, essential oils, photoactivated toxins, and the like.
The plant-derived bactericide is mainly a pesticide developed from a secondary metabolite having agricultural biological activity and produced by plants, animals, microorganisms and the like. Compared with the traditional chemical synthetic pesticide, the biological natural product pesticide has the following characteristics: 1. most of the natural product pesticides of biological sources have low toxicity to mammals and are safe to human and livestock in use. 2. The control spectrum is narrow, and even obvious selectivity is achieved. 3. The pressure to the environment is small, and the method is safe to non-target organisms. The botanical fungicide is a preparation prepared from a biological natural product pesticide by utilizing plant secondary metabolites for preventing and controlling crop pests. The botanical pesticide is prepared by extracting effective chemical components from plants of Meliaceae, Compositae, Ephedraceae, Taxaceae, Magnoliaceae, Lauraceae, etc.
The film forming agent is any one or more of polyvinyl alcohol, potassium fulvate, sodium alginate and sodium silicate.
The cross-linking agent is any one or more of formaldehyde, aluminum sulfate, boric acid and borax, the initiator is any one or more of potassium persulfate, sodium bisulfite and ammonium persulfate, and the pH regulator is sodium bicarbonate or potassium hydroxide.
In order to better realize the aim of the invention, the invention also discloses a preparation method of the degradable liquid film prepared by adopting the tobacco field wastes, wherein the preparation method comprises the following steps:
preparation of tobacco field waste fermentation liquor
The process flow comprises the following steps: tobacco field waste (footing leaves, tobacco branches and tobacco stems) → crushing → adjusting water content and pH → inoculating microbial inoculum → fermenting → soaking in clear water for 30min → filtering → fermenting liquid.
The preparation process comprises the following steps: taking tobacco field wastes such as footing leaves, tobacco branches, tobacco stems and the like as basic fermentation materials, and putting the basic fermentation materials into a crusher to crush the basic fermentation materials to 2-3cm long. Adjusting the water content to about 60 percent and the pH value to about 6.5. According to the dosage specification and requirements of the microbial inoculum, adding fermentation and decomposition microbial inoculum according to different microbial inoculum ratios, stirring uniformly and mixing, piling into pyramids with the height of about 1-1.5m respectively, and covering with agricultural film for heat preservation. Turning the fermented compost 1 time every 3d in the 1 st week, then turning the compost 1 time every 4-6d, and fermenting for 35d until the compost is thoroughly decomposed. Then adding 5-7 times of clear water, stirring, soaking for 2-3 hours, filtering, removing raw material waste residues, and obtaining the fermentation leaching liquor.
B. The tobacco field waste fermentation waste liquid is used as a main reaction base material and is put into a high-temperature resistant reaction container; adding sulfonated lignin, modified starch and/or humic acid and carboxymethyl cellulose, adding a pH regulator, uniformly mixing, adding into the reaction container under the condition of stirring, stirring at 80-90 ℃, and keeping the temperature for 30-50 minutes to uniformly mix and gelatinize;
C. continuously stirring and adding the film forming agent on the basis of the step B, then reacting for 60-90 minutes at the temperature of 70-90 ℃, stirring once every 5 minutes, finally adding the cross-linking agent, the plasticizer and the initiator, and stirring and reacting for 3-4 hours; cooling to room temperature to obtain liquid film, and packaging.
Further comprising the steps of:
D. adding a micro-fertilizer and/or a plant source disease and pest prevention and control medicament: and D, diluting the liquid film obtained in the step C by adding water to 5-7 times of the mass, selectively adding plant-derived pesticide and/or plant-derived bactericide and water-soluble nutrient into the diluted mulching film solution according to the requirements of different crops, spraying or irrigating the diluted mulching film solution on the soil surface, forming a sealing protective film on the soil surface after spraying, and forming a light yellow liquid film.
In order to better achieve the aim of the invention, the invention provides a use method of a degradable liquid film prepared from tobacco field wastes, which comprises the following steps:
adding and distributing a toner: the color of the liquid film is adjusted by adding carbon black or potassium humate;
and (3) spraying the mulching film to form a black-light yellow-black color band: dissolving a liquid film with 2-3 times of clear water, stirring into fine paste, stirring for 10-15 minutes, adding 3 times of clear water, uniformly stirring, loading the prepared liquid film into a film coating device, wherein the film coating device comprises a water tank, a nozzle and a spraying frame, a nozzle part comprises 3 nozzles, the 3 nozzles are unfolded in a fan shape, two nozzles on two sides are fixed on the spraying frame through angle adjusting bolts, a liquid mixing device is arranged near the two nozzles on the two sides, carbon black or potassium humate is filled in the liquid mixing device, a stop valve is arranged between the water tank and the nozzles and fixed on the spraying frame, the nozzles, the stop valve and the water tank are connected through a water pipe, the stop valve is used for controlling the opening or closing of the nozzles or the flow, the diluted liquid film is sprayed out of the nozzles of the spraying device, covers the ground surface, and naturally forms a film after 15-30 minutes, the mulching film is sealed on the soil surface to form a black-light yellow-black colored mulching film or a black-white alternative mulching film, and the black color is beneficial to heat preservation.
The spraying is carried out within 40 days without treading and shoveling , the spraying of a liquid film is carried out simultaneously with the seeding of crops or before the transplanting of seedlings, the dosage of a field is recommended to use more than or equal to 25 kilograms of stock solution per mu,
compared with the prior art, the invention has the advantages that: the method has the advantages of simple process, safety, environmental protection and lasting effect, changes the waste of the tobacco field into valuable, simultaneously produces the liquid mulching film which has no adverse effect on the growth environment of crops such as soil underground water, soil and the like, can improve the organic content of the soil after degradation, improves the granular structure of the soil, inhibits soil-borne diseases, is convenient to use, low in cost and low in labor intensity, can form a film which is strong in adhesion with the ground after spraying, has good heat preservation and moisture preservation effects, has an elastic liquid mulching film, can achieve the purposes of cleaning agriculture and changing the waste into valuable, can achieve sustainable development of tobacco production, and is insoluble in water for a period of time.
Detailed Description
The liquid film of the present invention has the following components:
raw materials: 82 to 97 portions of
Film-forming agent: 17-25 parts of
Plasticizer: 3-4 parts of
A crosslinking agent: 1.1-2.15 parts
Initiator: 0.03 to 0.05 portion
pH regulator: 0.1 to 0.2 portion
Or,
raw materials: 82 to 90 portions of
Film-forming agent: 17-20 parts of
Plasticizer: 3-3.5 parts of
A crosslinking agent: 1.1 to 1.5 portions
Initiator: 0.03 to 0.04 portion
pH regulator: 0.1 to 0.15 portion
Or, raw materials: 90 to 97 portions of
Film-forming agent: 20-25 parts of
Plasticizer: 3.5 to 4 portions of
A crosslinking agent: 1.5-2.15 parts
Initiator: 0.04 to 0.05 portion
pH regulator: 0.15 to 0.2 portion
In the above components, micro-fertilizers can be further added: 0.1 to 0.2 portion of plant source disease and pest prevention and control medicament 0.01 to 0.05 portion
The raw materials are as follows: one or more of tobacco field waste fermentation waste liquid, sulfonated lignin, modified starch, humic acid and carboxymethyl cellulose. The micro-fertilizer is as follows: the plant-derived pesticide is any one or more of a copper fertilizer, a boron fertilizer, a molybdenum fertilizer, a manganese fertilizer, an iron fertilizer and a zinc fertilizer, and the plant-derived pesticide and/or bactericide is a plant-derived pesticide. The film forming agent is one or more of polyvinyl alcohol, potassium fulvate, sodium alginate and sodium silicate. The cross-linking agent is one or more of formaldehyde, urea, aluminum sulfate and boric acid, the initiator is one or more of potassium persulfate, sodium bisulfite and ammonium persulfate, and the pH regulator is sodium bicarbonate or potassium hydroxide.
The preparation method comprises the following steps:
A. preparing tobacco field waste fermentation liquor: taking footing leaves, tobacco branches or tobacco stems as basic fermentation materials, putting the basic fermentation materials into a crusher to be crushed to 2-3cm long, adjusting the water content to 60-65%, adjusting the pH value to 6.5-6.8, adding fermentation and decomposition microbial inoculum, respectively piling the mixture into pyramids with the height of 1-1.5m after stirring and mixing the mixture evenly, and covering agricultural films to preserve heat; turning the fermented compost 1 time every 3d in the 1 st week, then turning the fermented compost 1 time every 4-6d, and fermenting for 35d until the compost is thoroughly decomposed; then adding 5-7 times of clear water, stirring, soaking for 2-3 hours, filtering, and removing raw material waste residues to obtain a fermentation leaching liquor;
B. the tobacco field waste fermentation waste liquid is used as a main reaction base material and is put into a high-temperature resistant reaction container; adding sulfonated lignin, modified starch and/or humic acid and carboxymethyl cellulose, adding a pH regulator, uniformly mixing, adding into the reaction container under the condition of stirring, stirring at 80-90 ℃, and keeping the temperature for 30-50 minutes to uniformly mix and gelatinize;
C. continuously stirring and adding the film forming agent on the basis of the step B, then reacting for 60-90 minutes at the temperature of 70-90 ℃, stirring once every 5 minutes, finally adding the cross-linking agent, the plasticizer and the initiator, and stirring and reacting for 3-4 hours; cooling to room temperature to obtain liquid film, and packaging.
Further comprising the steps of:
D. adding a micro-fertilizer and/or a weeding and insect-preventing agent: and D, diluting the liquid film obtained in the step C by adding water to 5-7 times of the mass, selectively adding the plant-derived biological pesticide and the water-soluble nutrient into the diluted mulching film solution according to the requirements of different crops, spraying or irrigating the diluted mulching film solution on the soil surface, forming a sealing protective film on the soil surface after spraying, and forming a light yellow liquid film after forming the film.
The using method of the invention comprises the following steps:
adding and distributing a toner: the color of the liquid film is adjusted by adding carbon black or potassium humate;
and (3) spraying the mulching film to form a black-light yellow-black color band: dissolving a liquid film with 2-3 times of clear water, stirring into fine paste, stirring for 10-15 minutes, adding 3 times of clear water, uniformly stirring, loading the prepared liquid film into a film coating device, wherein the film coating device comprises a water tank, a nozzle and a spraying frame, a nozzle part comprises 3 nozzles, the 3 nozzles are unfolded in a fan shape, two nozzles on two sides are fixed on the spraying frame through angle adjusting bolts, a liquid mixing device is arranged near the two nozzles on the two sides, carbon black or potassium humate is filled in the liquid mixing device, a stop valve is arranged between the water tank and the nozzles and fixed on the spraying frame, the nozzles, the stop valve and the water tank are connected through a water pipe, the stop valve is used for controlling the opening or closing of the nozzles or the flow, the diluted liquid film is sprayed out of the nozzles of the spraying device, covers the ground surface, and naturally forms a film after 15-30 minutes, the mulching film is sealed on the soil surface to form a black-light yellow-black colored mulching film or a black-white alternative mulching film, and the black color is beneficial to heat preservation.
The spraying is carried out within 40 days without treading and shoveling , a liquid film is sprayed simultaneously with the seeding of crops or before the transplanting of seedlings, the using amount of a raw liquid in a field per mu is more than or equal to 25 kilograms, and weather reasons are not needed to be considered during the spraying.
Example 1
Weighing 75 parts of tobacco field waste fermentation waste liquid as a main reaction base material according to the mass part ratio, and putting the tobacco field waste fermentation waste liquid into a high-temperature resistant reaction container; and then weighing 5 parts of sulfonated lignin, 2 parts of modified starch and 0.1 part of sodium bicarbonate or potassium hydroxide, uniformly mixing, adding into the reaction container under the condition of stirring, stirring at 80-90 ℃, and preserving heat for 30-50 minutes to uniformly mix and gelatinize. Continuously stirring, adding 5 parts of polyvinyl alcohol, 10 parts of potassium fulvate and 2 parts of sodium silicate, reacting at the temperature of 70-90 ℃ for 60-90 minutes, stirring once at intervals of 5 minutes, weighing 1 part of formaldehyde, 0.1 part of urea, 3 parts of glycerol and 0.03 part of potassium persulfate, and stirring for reacting for 3-4 hours; cooling to room temperature, and barreling to obtain a liquid film;
after the tobacco seedlings are transplanted, the liquid film is diluted by 5 times by mass by adding water when in use, 0.1-0.2 part of micro fertilizer is added, 0.01 part of antibacterial agent and 0.02 part of pesticide are added, and a sealing protective film is formed on the soil surface after spraying.
When the spraying is carried out, the prepared liquid film is loaded into a film covering device, the film covering device comprises a water tank, a nozzle and a spraying frame, a nozzle part comprises 3 spray heads, the 3 spray heads are unfolded in a fan shape, the two spray heads on two sides are fixed on the spraying frame through angle adjusting bolts, a liquid mixing device is arranged near the two spray heads on the two sides, carbon black or potassium humate is filled in the liquid mixing device, a stop valve is arranged between the water tank and the spray heads and fixed on the spraying frame, the spray heads, the stop valve and the water tank are connected through a water pipe, the stop valve is used for controlling the opening or closing or the flow of the spray heads, the diluted liquid film is sprayed out from the spray heads of the spraying device and covers the ground surface, after 15-30 minutes, the liquid film is naturally formed and is sealed on the soil surface to form a black-light yellow-black, the black color is beneficial to heat preservation. The use amount of the stock solution per mu is more than or equal to 25 kilograms.
Example 2
Weighing 81 parts of tobacco field waste fermentation waste liquid as a main reaction base material according to the mass part ratio, and putting the tobacco field waste fermentation waste liquid into a high-temperature resistant reaction container; and weighing 6 parts of sulfonated lignin, 3 parts of modified starch and 0.2 part of sodium bicarbonate or potassium hydroxide, uniformly mixing, adding into the reaction container under the condition of stirring, stirring at 80-90 ℃, and keeping the temperature for 30-50 minutes to uniformly mix and gelatinize. Continuously stirring, adding 7 parts of polyvinyl alcohol, 13 parts of potassium fulvate and 3 parts of sodium silicate, then reacting for 60-90 minutes at the temperature of 70-90 ℃, stirring once at intervals of 5 minutes, weighing 2 parts of formaldehyde, 0.15 part of urea, 4 parts of glycerol and 0.05 part of potassium persulfate, and stirring for reacting for 3-4 hours; cooling to room temperature, and barreling to obtain a liquid film;
after the tobacco seedlings are transplanted, the liquid film is diluted by 5 times by mass by adding water when in use, 0.1-0.2 part of micro fertilizer is added, 0.01 part of antibacterial agent and 0.02 part of pesticide are added, and a sealing protective film is formed on the soil surface after spraying.
When the spraying is carried out, the prepared liquid film is loaded into a film covering device, the film covering device comprises a water tank, a nozzle and a spraying frame, a nozzle part comprises 3 spray heads, the 3 spray heads are unfolded in a fan shape, the two spray heads on two sides are fixed on the spraying frame through angle adjusting bolts, a liquid mixing device is arranged near the two spray heads on the two sides, carbon black or potassium humate is filled in the liquid mixing device, a stop valve is arranged between the water tank and the spray heads and fixed on the spraying frame, the spray heads, the stop valve and the water tank are connected through a water pipe, the stop valve is used for controlling the opening or closing or the flow of the spray heads, the diluted liquid film is sprayed out from the spray heads of the spraying device and covers the ground surface, after 15-30 minutes, the liquid film is naturally formed and is sealed on the soil surface to form a black-light yellow-black, the black color is beneficial to heat preservation. The use amount of the stock solution per mu is more than or equal to 25 kilograms.
Example 3
Weighing 83 parts of tobacco field waste fermentation waste liquid as a main reaction base material according to the mass part ratio, and putting the main reaction base material into a high-temperature resistant reaction container; weighing 6 parts of sulfonated lignin, 3 parts of modified starch, 2 parts of humic acid, 3 parts of carboxymethyl cellulose and 0.2 part of sodium bicarbonate or potassium hydroxide, uniformly mixing, adding into the reaction vessel under the condition of stirring, stirring at 80-90 ℃, and keeping the temperature for 30-50 minutes to uniformly mix and gelatinize. Continuously stirring and adding 6 parts of polyvinyl alcohol, 14 parts of potassium fulvate, 3 parts of sodium silicate and 2 parts of sodium alginate, then placing at the temperature of 70-90 ℃ to react for 60-90 minutes, stirring once every 5 minutes, then weighing 1.5 parts of formaldehyde, 0.1 part of urea, 0.2 part of aluminum sulfate, 0.2 part of boric acid, 3.5 parts of glycerol, 0.02 part of sodium bisulfite and 0.01 part of ammonium persulfate, and stirring and reacting for 3-4 hours; cooling to room temperature, and barreling to obtain a liquid film;
after the tobacco seedlings are transplanted, the liquid film is diluted by 5 times by mass by adding water when in use, 0.1-0.2 part of micro fertilizer is added, 0.01 part of antibacterial agent and 0.02 part of pesticide are added, and a sealing protective film is formed on the soil surface after spraying.
When the spraying is carried out, the prepared liquid film is loaded into a film covering device, the film covering device comprises a water tank, a nozzle and a spraying frame, a nozzle part comprises 3 spray heads, the 3 spray heads are unfolded in a fan shape, the two spray heads on two sides are fixed on the spraying frame through angle adjusting bolts, a liquid mixing device is arranged near the two spray heads on the two sides, carbon black or potassium humate is filled in the liquid mixing device, a stop valve is arranged between the water tank and the spray heads and fixed on the spraying frame, the spray heads, the stop valve and the water tank are connected through a water pipe, the stop valve is used for controlling the opening or closing or the flow of the spray heads, the diluted liquid film is sprayed out from the spray heads of the spraying device and covers the ground surface, after 15-30 minutes, the liquid film is naturally formed and is sealed on the soil surface to form a black-light yellow-black, the black color is beneficial to heat preservation. The use amount of the stock solution per mu is more than or equal to 25 kilograms. The micro-fertilizer is as follows: any one or more of copper fertilizer, boron fertilizer, molybdenum fertilizer, manganese fertilizer, iron fertilizer and zinc fertilizer.
The above examples 1-3 were sprayed and filmed simultaneously during sowing, and after 40 days from the film-making day, the comparison table is as follows:
influence of liquid film on soil temperature of different depths of tobacco field
Influence of liquid film on soil moisture of 0-20cm of tobacco ridge
After the liquid film disappears, the effect on the physicochemical properties of the soil is as follows
Influence of liquid mulching film on growth and development of flue-cured tobacco on different treatment of agronomic traits of flue-cured tobacco in mature period
Compared with the prior art, the process is simple, safe and environment-friendly, the effect is lasting, the tobacco field waste is changed into valuable, the produced liquid mulching film has no adverse effect on the growth environment of crops such as soil underground water, soil and the like, the organic matter content of the soil can be improved after degradation, the granular structure of the soil is improved, soil-borne diseases are inhibited, the use is convenient, the cost is low, the labor intensity is low, the film formed after spraying has strong adhesion with the ground, the heat preservation and moisture preservation effects are good, the elastic liquid mulching film is provided, the purposes of cleaning agriculture and changing waste into valuable can be realized, the sustainable development of tobacco production can be realized, and the liquid mulching film is insoluble in water within a period of time.
Claims (10)
1. The degradable liquid film prepared from tobacco field wastes is characterized by comprising the following components in parts by weight:
raw materials: 82 to 97 portions of
Film-forming agent: 17-25 parts of
Plasticizer: 3-4 parts of
A crosslinking agent: 1.1-2.15 parts
Initiator: 0.03 to 0.05 portion
pH regulator: 0.1 to 0.2 portion
The raw materials are as follows: one or more of tobacco field waste fermentation waste liquid, sulfonated lignin, modified starch, humic acid and carboxymethyl cellulose.
2. The degradable liquid film prepared by adopting tobacco field wastes according to claim 1, which is characterized by comprising the following components in parts by weight:
raw materials: 82 to 90 portions of
Film-forming agent: 17-20 parts of
Plasticizer: 3-3.5 parts of
A crosslinking agent: 1.1 to 1.5 portions
Initiator: 0.03 to 0.04 portion
pH regulator: 0.1 to 0.15 portion.
3. The degradable liquid film prepared by adopting tobacco field wastes according to claim 1, which is characterized by comprising the following components in parts by weight:
raw materials: 90 to 97 portions of
Film-forming agent: 20-25 parts of
Plasticizer: 3.5 to 4 portions of
A crosslinking agent: 1.5-2.15 parts
Initiator: 0.04 to 0.05 portion
pH regulator: 0.15 to 0.2 portion.
4. The degradable liquid film prepared from the tobacco field wastes according to any one of claims 1 to 3, further comprising the following components in parts by weight:
micro-fertilizer: 0.1 to 0.2 portion
0.01-0.05 part of weeding and insect-proof agent
The micro-fertilizer comprises the following components: the plant-derived pesticide is any one or more of a copper fertilizer, a boron fertilizer, a molybdenum fertilizer, a manganese fertilizer, an iron fertilizer and a zinc fertilizer, and the plant-derived pesticide and/or bactericide is a plant-derived pesticide.
5. The degradable liquid film prepared from the tobacco field wastes according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the film forming agent is one or more of polyvinyl alcohol, potassium fulvate, sodium alginate and sodium silicate.
6. The degradable liquid film prepared from the tobacco field wastes according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the cross-linking agent is one or more of formaldehyde, urea, aluminum sulfate, boric acid and borax, the initiator is one or more of potassium persulfate, sodium bisulfite and ammonium persulfate, and the pH regulator is sodium bicarbonate or potassium hydroxide.
7. A method for preparing a degradable liquid film made of tobacco field waste according to any one of claims 1 to 6, comprising the steps of:
A. preparing tobacco field waste fermentation liquor: taking footing leaves, tobacco branches or tobacco stems as basic fermentation materials, putting the basic fermentation materials into a crusher to be crushed to 2-3cm long, adjusting the water content to 60-65%, adjusting the pH value to 6.5-6.8, adding fermentation and decomposition microbial inoculum, respectively piling the mixture into pyramids with the height of 1-1.5m after stirring and mixing the mixture evenly, and covering agricultural films to preserve heat; turning the fermented compost 1 time every 3d in the 1 st week, then turning the fermented compost 1 time every 4-6d, and fermenting for 35d until the compost is thoroughly decomposed; then adding 5-7 times of clear water, stirring, soaking for 2-3 hours, filtering, and removing raw material waste residues to obtain a fermentation leaching liquor;
B. the tobacco field waste fermentation waste liquid is used as a main reaction base material and is put into a high-temperature resistant reaction container; adding sulfonated lignin, modified starch and/or humic acid and carboxymethyl cellulose, adding a pH regulator, uniformly mixing, adding into the reaction container under the condition of stirring, stirring at 80-90 ℃, and keeping the temperature for 30-50 minutes to uniformly mix and gelatinize;
C. continuously stirring and adding the film forming agent on the basis of the step B, then reacting for 60-90 minutes at the temperature of 70-90 ℃, stirring once every 5 minutes, finally adding the cross-linking agent, the plasticizer and the initiator, and stirring and reacting for 3-4 hours; cooling to room temperature to obtain liquid film, and packaging.
8. The method for preparing the degradable liquid film prepared from the tobacco field wastes according to claim 7, further comprising the following steps:
D. adding a micro-fertilizer and/or a weeding and insect-preventing agent: and D, diluting the liquid film obtained in the step C by adding water to 5-7 times of the mass, selectively adding the plant-derived biological pesticide and the water-soluble nutrient into the diluted mulching film solution according to the requirements of different crops, spraying or irrigating the diluted mulching film solution on the soil surface, forming a sealing protective film on the soil surface after spraying, and forming a light yellow liquid film after forming the film.
9. The method for using the degradable liquid film prepared by the tobacco field wastes according to any one of claims 1 to 8, which comprises the following steps:
adding and distributing a toner: the color of the liquid film is adjusted by adding carbon black or potassium humate;
and (3) spraying the mulching film to form a black-light yellow-black color band: dissolving a liquid film with 2-3 times of clear water, stirring into fine paste, stirring for 10-15 minutes, adding 3 times of clear water, uniformly stirring, loading the prepared liquid film into a film coating device, wherein the film coating device comprises a water tank, a nozzle and a spraying frame, a nozzle part comprises 3 nozzles, the 3 nozzles are unfolded in a fan shape, two nozzles on two sides are fixed on the spraying frame through angle adjusting bolts, a liquid mixing device is arranged near the two nozzles on the two sides, carbon black or potassium humate is filled in the liquid mixing device, a stop valve is arranged between the water tank and the nozzles and fixed on the spraying frame, the nozzles, the stop valve and the water tank are connected through a water pipe, the stop valve is used for controlling the opening or closing of the nozzles or the flow, the diluted liquid film is sprayed out of the nozzles of the spraying device, covers the ground surface, and naturally forms a film after 15-30 minutes, the mulching film is sealed on the soil surface to form a black-light yellow-black colored mulching film or a black-white alternative mulching film, and the black color is beneficial to heat preservation.
10. The method of using the degradable liquid film prepared from the tobacco field wastes according to claim 9, wherein the spraying is carried out for 40 days without stepping and shoveling , the spraying of the liquid film is carried out simultaneously with the seeding of the crops or before the transplanting of seedlings, and the amount of the stock solution used in the field per mu is more than or equal to 25 kg.
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| CN201310175503.8A CN103275734B (en) | 2013-04-27 | A kind of degradable liquid film using tobacco field waste to prepare and using method thereof |
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