CN103270983A - Method for constructing schizothoracinae artificial spawning site in natural river - Google Patents
Method for constructing schizothoracinae artificial spawning site in natural river Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention provides a method for constructing a schizothoracinae artificial spawning site a natural river. The method comprises a first step of carrying out previous preparation, a second step of selecting a construction site of the spawning site, a third step of determining parameters, a fourth step of determining the scale and the structure of the spawning site, a fifth step of determining the paving method of a structural unit, a sixth step of constructing auxiliary facilities and a seventh step of managing and maintaining. According to the method, under the condition that normal operation of a hydropower station is not affected, a shoal can be constructed manually in an appropriate river reach to provide the site of egg reproduction for the schizothoracinae, and the schizothoracinae can be successfully multiplied. The contradiction between river hydroelectric development and ecological protection can be effectively relieved. The scale and the appropriate river reach of the artificial spawning site can be determined according to reach fish resource quantity, labor management serves as an auxiliary means, and the sustainable utilization of the reach fish resources can be well maintained.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the fishery conservation field, specially refer to the construction method of a kind of natural river schizothoracin class artificial spawning field.
Background technology
Entered since the new century, China has begun one and has taken turns unprecedented river hydroelectric development upsurge.Along with development of the West Regions and the nation-building growth to energy demand, step power station is all built in western river to some extent.Western river belongs to type river, valley more, and The turbulent river crashes its way through, has simultaneously that some current are slow, more " beach " and " a small bay in a river " of gravel, and the flow condition that this emergency replaces can satisfy the breeding requirement of different fish.For the schizothoracin class, after the ovum output, general development time is longer, and ovum is dispersed on the ruckle more, and major part falls in the stone slit.Gravel shoal dissolved oxygen is abundant, and water quality is good, is conducive to the normal development of schizothoracin fertilized egg.These multiplication characteristics are a kind of adaptations that environment, weather, the hydrology characteristics with the basin interrelate.
Yet the construction in power station is very important to the influence of river Mesichthyes, and its influence mode mainly comprises: (1) hydrologic regime changes.After dam builds up retaining, make most of section become silent oscillation by original flowing water type.The change of hydrologic regime, the fish that make some adapt to the habitat, happiness torrent shoal in habitat, former river course have lost original habitat, because the reservoir area is flooded, " beach " that flow condition, the gravel that causes original emergency to replace is more and " a small bay in a river " disappear, and therefore are that breeding condition, gravel are that the spawning ground of oviposition substrate significantly reduces with current; (2) habitat fragmentation.Dam Construction to the influence of fish the most deep be the systematicness of having destroyed the river, cause the fragmentation effect in habitat.Dam is built and has not only been changed flowing water environment, has also intercepted its passage that traces back, and tracing back lays eggs is that the part fish finish its history of life, guarantee that the enough effective filial generation quantity of species is necessary.Another harm of habitat segmentization is that the search capability of reservoir area fish is reduced, and may accelerate decline and the extinction of population quantity;
For the ecology influence that the construction of hydropower stations brings, people have taked a lot of protection countermeasures, and the mode by artificial construction reduces hydroelectric development to the influence of the stock of fish, as build fish pass structure, build artificial fecundation pouring station etc.Fish pass structure is to help fish to trace back smoothly by dam smoothly or descending function building thing.Its type mainly contains fish pass, fish lock, fish lift, boat for collection and transportation of fish.Its principle is to utilize the flow direction property of fish, produces one at the fish inlet place than bigger current of flow velocity on every side, and fish is lured into.The setting of fish inlet and how smoothly fish to be lured into the fish passage be fish pass structure design key of success.It is exactly that cost is high that fish pass structure also has characteristics; It is one of important measures of protecting at present species, increase fish population quantity that artificial fecundation is released, and can relax river construction to a certain extent to the adverse effect of fish population resource quantity.Whether the breakthrough of artificial propagation techniques is the precondition that can the artificial fecundation measure of releasing be implemented.Especially for the schizothoracin class that has adapted to torrent habitat, mountain area, valley, artificial propagation techniques is a bottleneck of present fish research, has hindered the release development of safeguard measure of artificial fecundation to a certain extent.
Summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide the construction method of a kind of natural river schizothoracin class artificial spawning field, its purpose one is: be chosen in suitable section, copy in the natural environment schizothoracin class characteristics of laying eggs to make up the artificial spawning field; Its purpose two is: build suitable spawning ground of breeding for being subjected to the schizothoracin in the effect of human activity section.
For achieving the above object, technical scheme of the present invention is:
The construction method of a kind of natural river schizothoracin class artificial spawning field, described method is carried out as follows:
1, early-stage preparations comprise: 1. determine spawning ground target fish according to stock of fish investigation result; 2. understand the ecological habit of target fish, comprise fish reproduction period, spawning season spawning ground water temperature, flow velocity, oxygen dissolved and transparency; 3. field condition is investigated, and understands and plans to build section, spawning ground state of ecological environment;
2, the spawning ground building site is selected: should consider following condition when selecting to build the site, spawning ground: 1. section flow velocity; 2. with the distance in dam, power station; 3. river course one side has level land or the river shoal greater than the integral body of 500 ㎡;
3, determining of parameter comprises: the 1. geographical position at effluent section place, determine surface, spawning ground elevation according to riverbed absolute elevation and the target fish required depth of water of laying eggs; 2. the section flow velocity is 0.5m/s-2.0m/s, and spawning season spawning ground water temperature is 13-22 ℃, with the distance in dam, power station greater than 2 kilometers; 3. the spawning ground host material is cobble, silt mixing substrate, and the diameter of cobble is 50-200mm;
4, spawning ground scale and structure: 1. determine the area in spawning ground according to the construction of section zone landform, the spawning ground be shaped as irregular semicircle or ellipse; 2. the spawning ground construction unit is rectangle, and laying depth is the cobble of 50-200mm for the 400mm diameter, and the top layer re-lays the natural river sand that thickness is 50mm;
5, the paving mode of construction unit: laying is integrated in the shape bar structure unit according to selected river shoal, site, construction unit being " product " font mode inlays mutually, fill with scattered cobble and silt adjacent space and marginal portion, after all construction unit plate interlockings are finished, form the river shoal of a monoblock, the sandy beach tilts to the middle of the river from the bank, and its ramp slope is 1/40;
6, affiliated facility construction: comprise and protect river purse seine and soundproof wall;
7, management maintenance: 1. daily inspection; 2. periodic monitoring water temperature, water quality; 3. the maintenance of flood season and maintenance.
Good effect of the present invention is:
1, can be under the situation that does not influence the power station normal operation, suitable section is artificial under the dam builds a shoal, for the schizothoracin class provides the place of egg reproduction, guarantees the smooth procreation of fish;
2, can effectively alleviate contradiction between river hydroelectric development and the ecological protection.Usually after the power station is built up, can cause the decline of lower reache water level, flow velocity to reduce, cause natural spawning ground to disappear, transform or build again by artificial means, for fish provide suitable spawning place;
3, also can determine scale and the suitable section of artificial spawning field according to section stock of fish amount, be aided with labor management, can safeguard the sustainable use of the section stock of fish better;
4, this method cost is low, and specification requirement is low, implement easily, and floor space is little, is an important additional measure that protects the fish resources.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1, artificial spawning field structure unit section schematic diagram;
Fig. 2, natural river schizothoracin class artificial spawning field vertical view.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with attached Fig. 1 and 2, further specify the specific embodiment of the present invention with embodiment.
Be reference frame with river, Yalongjiang River land owned by officials section.Referring to Fig. 1, Fig. 2.
Embodiment one
1, early-stage preparations
(1), the target fish is selected: by field investigation and historical document, determine that the Sichuan schizothoracin is the target fish, the Sichuan schizothoracin is one of main economic fish of Yalongjiang River land owned by officials power station lower reache, because resource is excessively utilized, this species resource amount significantly descends.
(2), understand the ecological habit of target fish: the Sichuan schizothoracin egg-laying period, mid or late March was breeding period in annual 3-4 month.There is the cluster behavior in egg-laying period, the milter habit of nesting, and right the laying eggs of shoal tool cobble silt mixing substrate, the toughness of laying eggs, Sichuan schizothoracin weight range 30-121g, average weight 65.6g, the long scope 12.5-17cm of body, average body is long to be 13.8cm.
2, the spawning ground building site is selected: on the river section in 20 kilometer range of downstream, dam, power station, land owned by officials, initial option the suitable sections of building the fish spawning grounds, three places, by comparing, filter out the site of relatively suitable transformation and construction, the screening comparing data sees Table one:
Section artificial spawning field, river, table 1 Yalongjiang River land owned by officials building site is than choosing
| Than selecting index | A-beat sieve | B-pine tree Ping Qiao | C-big salt pond |
| Apart from the dam site distance | 3km | 8km | 14km |
| The riverbank | The left bank | Left bank, right bank all have | The left bank |
| The substrate feature | Cobble and silt | Cobble, a small amount of fine sand | Cobble, a large amount of silt |
| Can build area | About 8000 m 2 | About 800 m 2 | About 7000 m 2 |
| Surrounding environment | One tributary is arranged, and the bank is the slag field | Debris flow scour out sandy beach. | One tributary is arranged, but almost dry.Nearer from campsite, power station, land owned by officials. |
| Existing problems | Nearer apart from dam site, be subject to mankind's activity and disturb. | Be subject to the debris flow influence. | Be campsite, power station, land owned by officials on the slope, bank, the sanitary sewage discharging is planned to build zone, spawning ground water quality with influence.Be subject to the debris flow influence. |
| Comprehensive conclusion | Feasible | Unsuitable | More feasible |
Through relatively comprehensive, the A place is decided to be with respect to suitable transformation and builds into schizothoracin artificial spawning field, Sichuan.
3, the coherent reference data determines
(1) surface, spawning ground elevation: according to the ecological habit of Sichuan schizothoracin, determine that artificial spawning field elevation is 1201.2-1201.5m, laying elevation reduces gradually from the bank to korneforos heart direction, namely the horizontal elevation near bank one side is 1201.5m, and the horizontal elevation of close center, river course one side is 1201.2m;
(2) flow rate of water flow: the flow rates of determining section, artificial spawning field is 0.5-2.0m/s;
(3) spawning season spawning ground water temperature is 13-22 ℃;
(4) the spawning ground host material is cobble, silt mixing substrate, and wherein the cobble diameter is 50-200mm.
4, spawning ground scale and structure
(1) spawning ground scale: beat the available area 8000m of sieve section by the A site
2Determine construction scale;
(2) construction unit: construction unit is rectangle, the cobble 1 of laying depth 400mm diameter 50-200mm, and the top layer need re-lay the thick natural river sand of one deck 50mm 2.
5, the paving mode of construction unit
Laying is integrated in shape bar structure unit according to 8000 ㎡ river shoals, A site, construction unit being " product " font mode rabbets mutually, fill with scattered cobble and silt adjacent space and marginal portion, and the sandy beach is the slope that tilts to the middle of the river from the bank, and the gradient is 1/40.
6, affiliated facility construction
If artificial spawning field building site is frequent regional near mankind's activity, or closes on highway, then need protect the river purse seine in the riverbank construction, stop people and animals to enter the waters, spawning ground, bigger as the highway car flow, also need set up the soundproof wall device, avoid noise to the influence of fish reproduction.
7, management maintenance
(1) after the spawning ground is built up and put into operation, must strengthen inspecting, in time remove large-scale branch and other foreign material of section, spawning ground, guarantee that suitable current are unimpeded;
(2) periodic monitoring water quality condition is in time understood the scope whether zone, spawning ground water body water temperature remains on 13-22 ℃, and flow rate of water flow remains on the 0.5-2.0 meter per second, increases or reduces and block the water device according to monitoring result;
(3) after each flood season, carry out comprehensive examination and maintenance, in time clear up pollutant, removing cobble surface mud that flood brings, replenish silt and fine sand, check whether baffle device for water is damaged on-call maintenance and reinforcing;
(4) forbid that unrelated person enters the section, spawning ground and is engaged in and paddles and the fishery activity, especially schizothoracin 3-4 mating season in Sichuan is between the month.
Embodiment two
Referring to Fig. 1 and Fig. 2
1, early-stage preparations
(1), the target fish is selected: by field investigation and historical document, determine that the short hairs schizothoracin is the target fish, the short hairs schizothoracin is one of main economic fish of Yalongjiang River land owned by officials power station lower reache, because resource is excessively utilized, this species resource amount significantly descends.
(2), understand the ecological habit of target fish: the short hairs schizothoracin egg-laying period is in annual 3-4 month.There is the cluster behavior in egg-laying period, the milter habit of nesting, and right the laying eggs of shoal tool cobble silt mixing substrate, the toughness of laying eggs, short hairs schizothoracin weight range 36-135g, average weight 69.6g, the long scope 12.2-18.2cm of body, average body is long to be 14.2cm.
2, the spawning ground building site is selected: on the river section in 20 kilometer range of downstream, dam, power station, land owned by officials, initial option the suitable sections of building the fish spawning grounds, three places, by comparing, filter out the site of relatively suitable transformation and construction, the screening comparing data sees Table two:
Section artificial spawning field, river, table 2 Yalongjiang River land owned by officials building site is than choosing
| Than selecting index | A-beat sieve | B-pine tree Ping Qiao | C-big salt pond |
| Apart from the dam site distance | 3km | 8km | 14km |
| The riverbank | The left bank | Left bank, right bank all have | The left bank |
| The substrate feature | Cobble and silt | Cobble, a small amount of fine sand | Cobble, a large amount of silt |
| Can build area | About 8000 m 2 | About 800 m 2 | About 7000 m 2 |
| Surrounding environment | One tributary is arranged, and the bank is the slag field | Debris flow scour out sandy beach. | One tributary is arranged, but almost dry.Nearer from campsite, power station, land owned by officials. |
| Existing problems | Nearer apart from dam site, be subject to mankind's activity and disturb. | Be subject to the debris flow influence. | Be campsite, power station, land owned by officials on the slope, bank, the sanitary sewage discharging is planned to build zone, spawning ground water quality with influence.Be subject to the debris flow influence. |
| Comprehensive conclusion | Feasible | Unsuitable | More feasible |
Through relatively comprehensive, the A place is decided to be with respect to suitable transformation and builds into schizothoracin artificial spawning field, Sichuan.
3, the coherent reference data determines
(1) surface, spawning ground elevation: according to the ecological habit of short hairs schizothoracin, determine that artificial spawning field elevation is 1201.2-1201.5m, laying elevation reduces gradually from the bank to korneforos heart direction, namely the horizontal elevation near bank one side is 1201.5m, and the horizontal elevation of close center, river course one side is 1201.2m;
(2) flow rate of water flow: the flow rates of determining section, artificial spawning field is 0.5-2.0m/s;
(3) spawning season spawning ground water temperature is 13-22 ℃;
(4) the spawning ground host material is cobble, silt mixing substrate, and wherein the cobble diameter is 50-200mm.
4, spawning ground scale and structure
(1) spawning ground scale: beat the available area 8000m of sieve section by the A site
2Determine construction scale;
(2) construction unit: construction unit is rectangle, the cobble 1 of laying depth 400mm diameter 50-200mm, and the top layer need re-lay the thick natural river sand of one deck 50mm 2.
5, the paving mode of construction unit
Laying is integrated in shape bar structure unit according to 8000 ㎡ river shoals, A site, construction unit being " product " font mode rabbets mutually, fill with scattered cobble and silt adjacent space and marginal portion, and the sandy beach is the slope that tilts to the middle of the river from the bank, and the gradient is 1/40.
6, affiliated facility construction
If artificial spawning field building site is frequent regional near mankind's activity, or closes on highway, then need protect the river purse seine in the riverbank construction, stop people and animals to enter the waters, spawning ground, bigger as the highway car flow, also need set up the soundproof wall device, avoid noise to the influence of fish reproduction.
7, management maintenance
(1) after the spawning ground is built up and put into operation, must strengthen inspecting, in time remove large-scale branch and other foreign material of section, spawning ground, guarantee that suitable current are unimpeded;
(2) periodic monitoring water quality condition is in time understood zone, spawning ground water body water temperature and whether is remained on 13-22 ℃, and flow rate of water flow remains on the 0.5-2.0 meter per second;
(3) after each flood season, carry out comprehensive examination and maintenance, in time clear up pollutant, removing cobble surface mud that flood brings, replenish silt and fine sand, check whether baffle device for water is damaged on-call maintenance and reinforcing;
(4) forbid that unrelated person enters the section, spawning ground and is engaged in and paddles and the fishery activity, especially short hairs schizothoracin 3-4 mating season is between the month.
Embodiment three
Referring to Fig. 1 and Fig. 2
1, early-stage preparations
(1), the target fish is selected: by field investigation and historical document, determine that thin squama schizothoracin is the target fish, thin squama schizothoracin once was one of main economic fish of Yalongjiang River land owned by officials power station lower reache, because resource is excessively utilized, this species resource amount significantly descends.
(2), understand the ecological habit of target fish: the thin squama schizothoracin egg-laying period concentrates on annual late March.Thin squama schizothoracin weight range 32-139g, average weight 70.6g, the long scope 12.8-18.8cm of body, average body is long to be 14.2cm.
2, the spawning ground building site is selected: on the river section in 20 kilometer range of downstream, dam, power station, land owned by officials, initial option the suitable sections of building the fish spawning grounds, three places, by comparing, filter out the site of relatively suitable transformation and construction, the screening comparing data sees Table three:
Section artificial spawning field, river, table 3 Yalongjiang River land owned by officials building site is than choosing
| Than selecting index | A-beat sieve | B-pine tree Ping Qiao | C-big salt pond |
| Apart from the dam site distance | 3km | 8km | 14km |
| The riverbank | The left bank | Left bank, right bank all have | The left bank |
| The substrate feature | Cobble and silt | Cobble, a small amount of fine sand | Cobble, a large amount of silt |
| Can build area | About 8000 m 2 | About 800 m 2 | About 7000 m 2 |
| Surrounding environment | One tributary is arranged, and the bank is the slag field | Debris flow scour out sandy beach. | One tributary is arranged, but almost dry.Nearer from campsite, power station, land owned by officials. |
| Existing problems | Nearer apart from dam site, be subject to mankind's activity and disturb. | Be subject to the debris flow influence. | Be campsite, power station, land owned by officials on the slope, bank, the sanitary sewage discharging is planned to build zone, spawning ground water quality with influence.Be subject to the debris flow influence. |
| Comprehensive conclusion | Feasible | Unsuitable | More feasible |
Through relatively comprehensive, the A place is decided to be with respect to suitable transformation and builds into thin squama schizothoracin artificial spawning field.
3, the coherent reference data determines
(1) surface, spawning ground elevation: according to the ecological habit of thin squama schizothoracin, determine that artificial spawning field elevation is 1201.2-1201.5m, laying elevation reduces gradually from the bank to korneforos heart direction, namely the horizontal elevation near bank one side is 1201.5m, and the horizontal elevation of close center, river course one side is 1201.2m;
(2) flow rate of water flow: the flow rates of determining section, artificial spawning field is 0.5-2.0m/s;
(3) spawning season spawning ground water temperature is 13-18 ℃;
(4) the spawning ground host material is cobble, silt mixing substrate, and wherein the cobble diameter is 50-200mm.
4, spawning ground scale and structure
(1) spawning ground scale: beat the available area 8000m of sieve section by the A site
2Determine construction scale;
(2) construction unit: construction unit is rectangle, the cobble 1 of laying depth 400mm diameter 50-200mm, and the top layer need re-lay the thick natural river sand of one deck 50mm 2.
5, the paving mode of construction unit
Laying is integrated in shape bar structure unit according to 8000 ㎡ river shoals, A site, construction unit being " product " font mode rabbets mutually, fill with scattered cobble and silt adjacent space and marginal portion, and the sandy beach is the slope that tilts to the middle of the river from the bank, and the gradient is 1/40.
6, affiliated facility construction
If artificial spawning field building site is frequent regional near mankind's activity, or closes on highway, then need protect the river purse seine in the riverbank construction, stop people and animals to enter the waters, spawning ground, bigger as the highway car flow, also need set up the soundproof wall device, avoid noise to the influence of fish reproduction.
7, management maintenance
(1) after the spawning ground is built up and put into operation, must strengthen inspecting, in time remove large-scale branch and other foreign material of section, spawning ground, guarantee that suitable current are unimpeded;
(2) periodic monitoring water quality condition is in time understood zone, spawning ground water body water temperature and whether is remained on 13-18 ℃, and flow rate of water flow remains on the 0.5-2.0 meter per second;
(3) after each flood season, carry out comprehensive examination and maintenance, in time clear up pollutant, removing cobble surface mud that flood brings, replenish silt and fine sand, check whether baffle device for water is damaged on-call maintenance and reinforcing;
(4) forbid that unrelated person enters the section, spawning ground and is engaged in and paddles and the fishery activity, especially thin squama schizothoracin mating season.
The above only is non-limiting embodiment of the present invention; for the person of ordinary skill of the art; not breaking away from the invention design and not making under the prerequisite of creative work, can also make some distortion and improvement, these all belong to protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (1)
1. the construction method of a natural river schizothoracin class artificial spawning field, it is characterized in that: described method is carried out as follows:
(1), early-stage preparations, comprising: 1. determine spawning ground target fish according to stock of fish investigation result; 2. understand the ecological habit of target fish, comprise fish reproduction period, spawning season spawning ground water temperature, flow velocity, oxygen dissolved and transparency; 3. field condition is investigated, and understands and plans to build section, spawning ground state of ecological environment;
(2), the spawning ground building site is selected: should consider following condition when selecting to build the site, spawning ground: 1. section flow rate of water flow; 2. with the distance in dam, power station; 3. river course one side has level land or the river shoal greater than the integral body of 500 ㎡;
(3), the determining of parameter, comprising: the 1. geographical position at effluent section place, determine surface, spawning ground elevation according to riverbed absolute elevation and the target fish required depth of water of laying eggs; 2. the section flow velocity is 0.5m/s-2.0m/s, and spawning season spawning ground water temperature is 13-22 ℃, with the distance in dam, power station greater than 2 kilometers; 3. the spawning ground host material is cobble, silt mixing substrate, and the diameter of cobble is 50-200mm;
(4), spawning ground scale and structure: 1. determine the area in spawning ground according to the construction zone landform of section, the spawning ground be shaped as irregular semicircle or ellipse; 2. the spawning ground construction unit is rectangle, and laying depth is the cobble of 50-200mm for the 400mm diameter, and the top layer re-lays the natural river sand that thickness is 50mm;
(5), the paving mode of construction unit: laying is integrated in the shape bar structure unit according to selected river shoal, site, construction unit being " product " font mode inlays mutually, fill with scattered cobble and silt adjacent space and marginal portion, after all construction unit plate interlockings are finished, form the river shoal of a monoblock, the sandy beach tilts to the middle of the river from the bank, and its ramp slope is 1/40;
(6), affiliated facility construction: comprise and protect river purse seine and soundproof wall;
(7), management maintenance: 1. daily inspection; 2. periodic monitoring water temperature, water quality; 3. the maintenance of flood season and maintenance.
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| CN104113739A (en) * | 2014-08-12 | 2014-10-22 | 中国水产科学研究院长江水产研究所 | Method for underwater observing natural oviposition of schizothoracins |
| CN104938377A (en) * | 2015-06-01 | 2015-09-30 | 中国科学院东北地理与农业生态研究所 | Manual spawning ground constructing method for recovering Songhua river fish resources and evaluation method of effect thereof |
| CN105248335A (en) * | 2015-11-25 | 2016-01-20 | 中国水产科学研究院长江水产研究所 | Schizothoracinae fish fertilized egg incubation method |
| CN106049347A (en) * | 2016-05-25 | 2016-10-26 | 山东省淡水渔业研究院 | Constructing method for fish shelter under stress of high silt concentration flood |
| CN106417120A (en) * | 2016-12-14 | 2017-02-22 | 中国电建集团贵阳勘测设计研究院有限公司 | Artificial fish spawning bed |
| CN106651468A (en) * | 2017-01-04 | 2017-05-10 | 中国水产科学研究院珠江水产研究所 | Scale estimation method for spawning ground of river fishes capable of laying adhesive eggs |
| CN107273645A (en) * | 2017-07-25 | 2017-10-20 | 中国水利水电科学研究院 | A kind of computational methods of fish egg-laying season ecological water demand of rivers process |
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| CN104938377A (en) * | 2015-06-01 | 2015-09-30 | 中国科学院东北地理与农业生态研究所 | Manual spawning ground constructing method for recovering Songhua river fish resources and evaluation method of effect thereof |
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| CN110651744B (en) * | 2019-10-25 | 2021-04-23 | 长江水利委员会长江科学院 | Artificial overwintering farm site selection and construction method for plateau fishes |
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