CN104938377A - Manual spawning ground constructing method for recovering Songhua river fish resources and evaluation method of effect thereof - Google Patents
Manual spawning ground constructing method for recovering Songhua river fish resources and evaluation method of effect thereof Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN104938377A CN104938377A CN201510292623.5A CN201510292623A CN104938377A CN 104938377 A CN104938377 A CN 104938377A CN 201510292623 A CN201510292623 A CN 201510292623A CN 104938377 A CN104938377 A CN 104938377A
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- target area
- river
- water
- fish
- fishes
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; CARE OF BIRDS, FISHES, INSECTS; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
- A01K61/00—Culture of aquatic animals
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02B—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING
- E02B3/00—Engineering works in connection with control or use of streams, rivers, coasts, or other marine sites; Sealings or joints for engineering works in general
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
- G06Q—INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGY [ICT] SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR ADMINISTRATIVE, COMMERCIAL, FINANCIAL, MANAGERIAL OR SUPERVISORY PURPOSES; SYSTEMS OR METHODS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR ADMINISTRATIVE, COMMERCIAL, FINANCIAL, MANAGERIAL OR SUPERVISORY PURPOSES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G06Q10/00—Administration; Management
- G06Q10/06—Resources, workflows, human or project management; Enterprise or organisation planning; Enterprise or organisation modelling
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
- G06Q—INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGY [ICT] SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR ADMINISTRATIVE, COMMERCIAL, FINANCIAL, MANAGERIAL OR SUPERVISORY PURPOSES; SYSTEMS OR METHODS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR ADMINISTRATIVE, COMMERCIAL, FINANCIAL, MANAGERIAL OR SUPERVISORY PURPOSES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G06Q50/00—Systems or methods specially adapted for specific business sectors, e.g. utilities or tourism
- G06Q50/02—Agriculture; Fishing; Mining
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/80—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in fisheries management
- Y02A40/81—Aquaculture, e.g. of fish
Abstract
The invention relates to a manual spawning ground constructing method for recovering Songhua river fish resources and an evaluation method of the effect thereof. The manual spawning ground constructing method and the evaluation method solve the problems that the existing Songhua river fish resources are degenerated and the fish specy diversity is reduced. The constructing method comprises the steps: 1, selection of a target area; 2, engineering transformation of the target area; 3, management of the target area for recovering the Songhua river fish resources by constructing the manual spawning ground. The evaluation method comprises the steps: 1, manufacturing a grid frame; 2, calculating the aquatic plant egg laying number, the fry spawning number and the fry intensity of the target area. The constructing method and the evaluation method are mainly used in the field of manual spawning ground constructing methods for the recovering Songhua river fish resources and evaluation methods of the effect of the constructing methods.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of artificial spawning field of constructing and recover the method for Fishes In Songhua River resource and the evaluation method of effect thereof.
Background technology
Song Hua River is one of China's " seven large rivers ", one of the fresh water fishery base that Ye Shi the Northeast is important and bio-diversity sensitive region.According to made, before 20 century 70s, only the fish kind number in downstream, Song Hua River just reaches 78 kinds, and the average annual amount of fishing of economic fish accounts for more than 70% of whole Songhua River Basin gross annual output amount, the average 30 ~ 40kg/ of single ship fishery output (day ship).River, downstream section is mainly originated from famous Song Hua River " three spend five sieve ", bream flower (bream) wherein, huge legendary turtle flower (mandarin fish), lucky flower (flower
) in catches, account for 1% ~ 2%.
Since the eighties, along with developing rapidly of industrial and agricultural production, Song Hua River water pollution is aggravated gradually, and indivedual rivers section levels of toxic substances exceeds standard, direct lethal fish, and a large amount of oxygen consumption organic is degraded the dissolved oxygen consumed excessively in river, causes fish hypoxia death.Meanwhile, riverine wetland is also destroyed, and cause fish food chain interruption, spawning ground degeneration or disappear, fish natural propagation is damaged, and kind and quantity are all in minimizing.Investigation result to downstream, Song Hua River stock of fish display in 2012 ~ 2013 years, the fish collecting sample have 48 kinds, the occasional species that bream flower, huge legendary turtle flower, lucky flower have become in catches, can not form fishery production; Single ship fishery output average out to 5.97 ~ 10.48kg/ (day ship), kind and quantity all obviously reduced in the past compared with 20 century 70s.
The kind of fish and quantity reduce, also directly have influence on the existence that those take fish as the birds of Major Foods, fish and Bird Resource are degenerated and species diversity declines, be the mark that Song Hua River wetlands ecosystems are degenerated and integrality is impaired, and recover the important embodiment that fish and Bird Resource and species diversity thereof are the recoveries of this local ecosystem integrality.Therefore, the recovery of the stock of fish and species diversity thereof is prerequisite and the basis of recovering Song Hua River wetlands ecosystems integrality, also significant to whole Songhua River Basin wetland recovery.
Usually, the main path recovering River Fish resource has two: one to be breed resource by fry of releasing; Two is set up the phase of banning catching and the closure of fishing areas.And recover River Fish resource by the method for constructing artificial spawning field, there is not been reported, more has no relevant patent application.
Summary of the invention
The problem that the present invention will solve existing Fishes In Songhua River Resource Degradation, Fish Species Diversity declines, and provide a kind of artificial spawning field of constructing to recover the method for Fishes In Songhua River resource and the evaluation method of effect thereof.
The present invention is a kind of to construct artificial spawning field and recovers the method for Fishes In Songhua River resource and the evaluation method of effect is carried out according to the following steps:
One, select target region:
Select the careless continent wetland be suitable in the river course, Song Hua River of fish egg reproduction, obtain target area;
Two, target area is engineered:
1., fill: build enclosed annular dykes and dams in target area surrounding, separated in target area and river, enclosed annular dykes and dams exceed river height above sea level 2m in May;
The river height above sea level in described May is 67m ~ 67.5m;
2., establish water inlet and discharge outlet: along the flow direction of river, establish water inlet in the upper end of target area, establish discharge outlet in the lower end of target area;
3., lattice field is repaiied: the meadow in target area is accomplished " rice field " formula grid field, lattice build minor dam between field, along the flow direction of river, establish water inlet in minor dam upper end, establish discharge outlet in the lower end of minor dam, and little height of dam 0.5m, is interconnected with water channel between lattice field;
4., gate is set: the water inlet in target area and discharge outlet arrange gate respectively;
5., lay artificial fish nest: the place that pasture and water are less in target area, enters to take root in bar every 30cm oblique cutting, plant masthead end and to submerge underwater 10cm ~ 20cm, plant bar and bed mud upper surface is 60 °;
Described plant bar be willow coring, poplar root must, the mixture of one or more in willow branch and branch of poplar;
Three, the management that the target area of Fishes In Songhua River resource is recovered in artificial spawning field is constructed:
1., water inlet: close on spawning season, river height above sea level is 68m ~ 69m, opens inlet gate, and river is introduced in target area;
The described spawning season that closes on is 10 ~ June 15 June;
2., draining: spawning season, river height above sea level is 66m ~ 67m, the inlet gate of target area is closed, open delivery port gate simultaneously, utilized most of fish to have anadromous habit, by the current of draining, introduce in target area trace back the fish laid eggs;
Described target area draining Flow Velocity is 0.1m/s ~ 0.3m/s, and flow is 0.08m
3/ s ~ 0.1m
3/ s;
On described spawning season 15 ~ June of June 20, water temperature reaches 18 DEG C ~ 20 DEG C;
3., fry storage is supported: on 5 ~ July 10 July, river height above sea level is 66m ~ 67m, closes delivery port gate, fry is stored up on the spot foster;
4., fry is released: early August, river height above sea level is 65m ~ 65.5m, and it is juvenile fish that fry grows adult long, open delivery port gate, enter in river by the water in target area, juvenile fish enters in river with water growth of ingesting, and namely completes and constructs the method that Fishes In Songhua River resource is recovered in artificial spawning field.
A kind of evaluation method of constructing the method effect of artificial spawning field recovery Fishes In Songhua River resource is carried out according to the following steps:
One, pasture and water attached ovum numbers is calculated: 1., to surround area be 1m for the iron wire line that adopts diameter to be 0.5mm ~ 1mm
2square frame, then with netting twine, square frame is divided into 10 × 10 identical lattices of size, obtains grid framework;
2., between the fish egg-laying period, in target area, the different location of the depth of water arranges sampled point, grid framework is lain in bottom sampled point, press the pasture and water in grid framework diagonal clip 5 lattices, pasture and water in 1 lattice in clip 5 lattices are tied up bunchy, ovum number accompanying above record by statistics fish-egg number above then at random, fix label and be fixed on original place, obtaining marking careless handle; Described sampled point is 5 ~ 10; After 5 days, check mark grass is attached ovum number above, the ovum number occur eyespot in the fish-egg of first time output and bad ovum number deduction, be first time lay eggs after the ovum of new output, to calculate between the egg-laying period 1m in target area thus
2average attached ovum number, then convert and namely obtain the total attached ovum number of whole target area;
Two, calculate fry and hatch number: Stochastic choice grass handle, fix and mark and be fixed on different location in target area, different water depth location, checked 1 time every 3 days ~ 5 days, calculate development of fertilized ova twists the phase total ovum number to embryo, be multiplied by 80% again, be fry and hatch number;
Three, the fry density of target area is calculated: at the beginning of 7 months, after fish spawning period, be 20cm ~ 30cm, 60 orders/cm with network interface diameter
2spun yarn net filtration water body, according to 1m in the volume computing target area of filtered water
3the mean of fry in water body, namely completes and constructs the evaluation method that Fishes In Songhua River resource impact is recovered in artificial spawning field.
The invention has the beneficial effects as follows: the careless continent wetland that a kind of method choice constructing artificial spawning field recovery Fishes In Songhua River resource is suitable in the river course, Song Hua River of fish egg reproduction constructs artificial spawning field, a mating season can obtain more than fry 1,600,000,000 tail, wherein Main Commercial Fishes carp, pond crucian carp 4.6 hundred million tail, more than triangular bream (method sieve) 6,400 ten thousand tail of one of " three spend five sieve ", be obvious to the effect of recovery Fishes In Songhua River resource.Thus a kind of method of constructing artificial spawning field recovery Fishes In Songhua River resource of the present invention is practicable, for the problem solving current Fishes In Songhua River Resource Degradation, Fish Species Diversity declines provides an effective way.
The present invention is used for a kind of artificial spawning field of constructing and recovers the method for Fishes In Songhua River resource and the evaluation method of effect thereof.
Embodiment
Embodiment one: a kind of described in present embodiment constructs artificial spawning field and recover the method for Fishes In Songhua River resource and the evaluation method of effect is carried out according to the following steps:
One, select target region:
Select the careless continent wetland be suitable in the river course, Song Hua River of fish egg reproduction, obtain target area;
Two, target area is engineered:
1., fill: build enclosed annular dykes and dams in target area surrounding, separated in target area and river, enclosed annular dykes and dams exceed river height above sea level 2m in May;
The river height above sea level in described May is 67m ~ 67.5m;
2., establish water inlet and discharge outlet: along the flow direction of river, establish water inlet in the upper end of target area, establish discharge outlet in the lower end of target area;
3., lattice field is repaiied: the meadow in target area is accomplished " rice field " formula grid field, lattice build minor dam between field, along the flow direction of river, establish water inlet in minor dam upper end, establish discharge outlet in the lower end of minor dam, and little height of dam 0.5m, is interconnected with water channel between lattice field;
4., gate is set: the water inlet in target area and discharge outlet arrange gate respectively;
5., lay artificial fish nest: the place that pasture and water are less in target area, enters to take root in bar every 30cm oblique cutting, plant masthead end and to submerge underwater 10cm ~ 20cm, plant bar and bed mud upper surface is 60 °;
Described plant bar be willow coring, poplar root must, the mixture of one or more in willow branch and branch of poplar;
Three, the management that the target area of Fishes In Songhua River resource is recovered in artificial spawning field is constructed:
1., water inlet: close on spawning season, river height above sea level is 68m ~ 69m, opens inlet gate, and river is introduced in target area;
The described spawning season that closes on is 10 ~ June 15 June;
2., draining: spawning season, river height above sea level is 66m ~ 67m, the inlet gate of target area is closed, open delivery port gate simultaneously, utilized most of fish to have anadromous habit, by the current of draining, introduce in target area trace back the fish laid eggs;
Described target area draining Flow Velocity is 0.1m/s ~ 0.3m/s, and flow is 0.08m
3/ s ~ 0.1m
3/ s;
On described spawning season 15 ~ June of June 20, water temperature reaches 18 DEG C ~ 20 DEG C;
3., fry storage is supported: on 5 ~ July 10 July, river height above sea level is 66m ~ 67m, closes delivery port gate, fry is stored up on the spot foster;
4., fry is released: early August, river height above sea level is 65m ~ 65.5m, and it is juvenile fish that fry grows adult long, open delivery port gate, enter in river by the water in target area, juvenile fish enters in river with water growth of ingesting, and namely completes and constructs the method that Fishes In Songhua River resource is recovered in artificial spawning field.
Present embodiment step 2 2. in establish water inlet and discharge outlet to make river by drainage mouth through target area;
Present embodiment step 2 4. in repair lattice field, be interconnected with water channel between lattice field, be convenient to river and enter and fish migration of laying eggs;
Present embodiment step 2 4. in gate is set, the regulation and control flow of draining and flow velocity, the suitable depth of water that in control objectives region, fish lay eggs;
Present embodiment step 3 1. in close on spawning season, river height above sea level is 68m ~ 69m, opens inlet gate, and river is introduced in target area;
Present embodiment step 3 2. middle control objectives area sewerage Flow Velocity is 0.1m/s ~ 0.3m/s, and flow is 0.08m
3/ s ~ 0.1m
3/ s, makes mean depth of water in target area be 30cm ~ 40cm, is convenient to lure more lay eggs in parent population target approach region lay eggs;
Present embodiment step 3 2. in the inlet gate of target area is closed, open delivery port gate, to target area, mean depth of water is 30cm ~ 40cm, and the depth of water is consistent with the river depth of water simultaneously.
Present embodiment step 3 3. described in target area in the fry that hatches be 5 ~ July 10 July when there is certain swimming and ingestion ability.
The beneficial effect of present embodiment is: the careless continent wetland that a kind of method choice constructing artificial spawning field recovery Fishes In Songhua River resource is suitable in the river course, Song Hua River of fish egg reproduction constructs artificial spawning field, a mating season can obtain more than fry 1,600,000,000 tail, wherein Main Commercial Fishes carp, pond crucian carp 4.6 hundred million tail, more than triangular bream (method sieve) 6,400 ten thousand tail of one of " three spend five sieve ", be obvious to the effect of recovery Fishes In Songhua River resource.Thus a kind of method of constructing artificial spawning field recovery Fishes In Songhua River resource of present embodiment is practicable, for the problem solving current Fishes In Songhua River Resource Degradation, Fish Species Diversity declines provides an effective way.
Embodiment two: present embodiment and embodiment one unlike: the vegetation pattern of the target area described in step one is reed, a kind of in sedge and natural pond willow or wherein severally to mix.Other is identical with embodiment two.
Embodiment three: one of present embodiment and embodiment one or two unlike: step 3 4. described in the body of juvenile fish long be 1cm ~ 2cm.Other is identical with embodiment one or two.
Embodiment four: one of present embodiment and embodiment one to three unlike: step 3 2. in spawning season expel aquatic bird every day.Other is identical with embodiment one to three.
In the present embodiment egg-laying period, every day expels aquatic bird with powder shotgun, prevents aquatic bird from encroaching on the shoal of fish that lays eggs in a large number.
Embodiment five: a kind of evaluation method of constructing the method effect of artificial spawning field recovery Fishes In Songhua River resource of present embodiment is carried out according to the following steps:
One, pasture and water attached ovum numbers is calculated: 1., to surround area be 1m for the iron wire line that adopts diameter to be 0.5mm ~ 1mm
2square frame, then with netting twine, square frame is divided into 10 × 10 identical lattices of size, obtains grid framework;
2., between the fish egg-laying period, in target area, the different location of the depth of water arranges sampled point, grid framework is lain in bottom sampled point, press the pasture and water in grid framework diagonal clip 5 lattices, pasture and water in 1 lattice in clip 5 lattices are tied up bunchy, ovum number accompanying above record by statistics fish-egg number above then at random, fix label and be fixed on original place, obtaining marking careless handle; Described sampled point is 5 ~ 10; After 5 days, check mark grass is attached ovum number above, the ovum number occur eyespot in the fish-egg of first time output and bad ovum number deduction, be first time lay eggs after the ovum of new output, to calculate between the egg-laying period 1m in target area thus
2average attached ovum number, then convert and namely obtain the total attached ovum number of whole target area;
Two, calculate fry and hatch number: Stochastic choice grass handle, fix and mark and be fixed on different location in target area, different water depth location, checked 1 time every 3 days ~ 5 days, calculate development of fertilized ova twists the phase total ovum number to embryo, be multiplied by 80% again, be fry and hatch number;
Three, the fry density of target area is calculated: at the beginning of 7 months, after fish spawning period, be 20cm ~ 30cm, 60 orders/cm with network interface diameter
2spun yarn net filtration water body, according to 1m in the volume computing target area of filtered water
3the mean of fry in water body, namely completes and constructs the evaluation method that Fishes In Songhua River resource impact is recovered in artificial spawning field.
Present embodiment step 2 1. in the fish-egg of first time output, the good ovum of quality grown eyespot occur, bad ovum is then in a mouldy condition.
Following examples are adopted to verify beneficial effect of the present invention:
Embodiment one:
The method of Fishes In Songhua River resource and the evaluation method of effect thereof are recovered in a kind of artificial spawning field of constructing of the present embodiment, specifically carry out according to the following steps:
One, select target region:
Select the careless continent wetland be suitable in the river course, Song Hua River of fish egg reproduction, obtain target area;
Two, target area is engineered:
1., fill: build enclosed annular dykes and dams in target area surrounding, separated in target area and river, enclosed annular dykes and dams exceed river height above sea level 2m in May;
The river height above sea level in described May is 67m ~ 67.5m;
2., establish water inlet and discharge outlet: along the flow direction of river, establish water inlet in the upper end of target area, establish discharge outlet in the lower end of target area;
3., lattice field is repaiied: the meadow in target area is accomplished " rice field " formula grid field, lattice build minor dam between field, along the flow direction of river, establish water inlet in minor dam upper end, establish discharge outlet in the lower end of minor dam, and little height of dam 0.5m, is interconnected with water channel between lattice field;
4., gate is set: the water inlet in target area and discharge outlet arrange gate respectively;
5., lay artificial fish nest: the place that pasture and water are less in target area, enters to take root in bar every 30cm oblique cutting, plant masthead end and to submerge underwater 10cm ~ 20cm, plant bar and bed mud upper surface is 60 °;
Described plant bar be willow coring, poplar root must, the mixture of one or more in willow branch and branch of poplar;
Three, the management that the target area of Fishes In Songhua River resource is recovered in artificial spawning field is constructed:
1., water inlet: close on spawning season, river height above sea level is 68m ~ 69m, opens inlet gate, river is introduced in target area, makes target area mean depth of water reach 0.8m ~ 1m;
The described spawning season that closes on is 10 ~ June 15 June;
2., draining: spawning season, river height above sea level is 66m ~ 67m, the inlet gate of target area is closed, open delivery port gate simultaneously, utilized most of fish to have anadromous habit, by the current of draining, introduce in target area trace back the fish laid eggs;
Described target area draining Flow Velocity is 0.1m/s ~ 0.3m/s, and flow is 0.08m
3/ s ~ 0.1m
3/ s;
On described spawning season 15 ~ June of June 20, water temperature reaches 18 DEG C ~ 20 DEG C;
3., fry storage is supported: on 5 ~ July 10 July, river height above sea level is 66m ~ 67m, closes delivery port gate, fry is stored up on the spot foster;
4., fry is released: early August, river height above sea level is 65m ~ 65.5m, and it is juvenile fish that fry grows adult long, open delivery port gate, enter in river by the water in target area, juvenile fish enters in river with water growth of ingesting, and namely completes and constructs the method that Fishes In Songhua River resource is recovered in artificial spawning field.
Target area described in step one is for being positioned at river, urban district, Fujin, downstream, Song Hua River section, and area is 57hm
2, belong to island-shaped grass continent wetland, emergent aquactic plant based on reed, association a small amount of natural pond willow and sedge.
Step 3 4. described in the body of juvenile fish long be 1cm ~ 2cm.
Step 3 2. middle spawning season expels aquatic bird every day.
Constructing the evaluation method that the method effect of Fishes In Songhua River resource is recovered in artificial spawning field as above, is carry out according to the following steps:
One, pasture and water attached ovum numbers is calculated: 1., to surround area be 1m for the iron wire line that adopts diameter to be 0.5mm ~ 1mm
2square frame, then with netting twine, square frame is divided into 10 × 10 identical lattices of size, obtains grid framework;
2., between the fish egg-laying period, in target area, the different location of the depth of water arranges sampled point, grid framework is lain in bottom sampled point, press the pasture and water in grid framework diagonal clip 5 lattices, pasture and water in 1 lattice in clip 5 lattices are tied up bunchy, ovum number accompanying above record by statistics fish-egg number above then at random, fix label and be fixed on original place, obtaining marking careless handle; Described sampled point is 5 ~ 10; After 5 days, check mark grass is attached ovum number above, the ovum number occur eyespot in the fish-egg of first time output and bad ovum number deduction, be first time lay eggs after the ovum of new output, to calculate between the egg-laying period 1m in target area thus
2average attached ovum number, then convert and namely obtain the total attached ovum number of whole target area;
Two, calculate fry and hatch number: Stochastic choice grass handle, fix and mark and be fixed on different location in target area, different water depth location, checked 1 time every 3 days ~ 5 days, calculate development of fertilized ova twists the phase total ovum number to embryo, be multiplied by 80% again, be fry and hatch number;
Three, the fry density of target area is calculated: at the beginning of 7 months, after fish spawning period, be 20cm ~ 30cm, 60 orders/cm with network interface diameter
2spun yarn net filtration water body, according to 1m in the volume computing target area of filtered water
3the mean of fry in water body, namely completes and constructs the evaluation method that Fishes In Songhua River resource impact is recovered in artificial spawning field.
Adopt said method, the attached ovum number of target area pasture and water in 2013, fry hatch number, fry density is respectively 12537/m
2, 2836 tails/m
2with 5672 tails/m
3, obtain fry 16.165 hundred million tail altogether, refer to table 1.
The attached ovum number of pasture and water of table 1 target area in 2013, fry hatch number and fry density
Utilize and a kind ofly construct artificial spawning field to recover the evaluation method of the method effect of Fishes In Songhua River resource known, the careless continent wetland that a kind of method choice constructing artificial spawning field recovery Fishes In Songhua River resource is suitable in the river course, Song Hua River of fish egg reproduction constructs artificial spawning field, a mating season can obtain more than fry 1,600,000,000 tail, wherein Main Commercial Fishes carp, pond crucian carp 4.6 hundred million tail, more than triangular bream (method sieve) 6,400 ten thousand tail of one of " three spend five sieve ", be obvious to the effect of recovery Fishes In Songhua River resource.Thus a kind of method of constructing artificial spawning field recovery Fishes In Songhua River resource of the present invention is practicable, for the problem solving current Fishes In Songhua River Resource Degradation, Fish Species Diversity declines provides an effective way.
Claims (5)
1. construct the method that Fishes In Songhua River resource is recovered in artificial spawning field, it is characterized in that a kind of method of constructing artificial spawning field recovery Fishes In Songhua River resource is carried out according to the following steps:
One, select target region:
Select the careless continent wetland be suitable in the river course, Song Hua River of fish egg reproduction, obtain target area;
Two, target area is engineered:
1., fill: build enclosed annular dykes and dams in target area surrounding, separated in target area and river, enclosed annular dykes and dams exceed river height above sea level 2m in May;
The river height above sea level in described May is 67m ~ 67.5m;
2., establish water inlet and discharge outlet: along the flow direction of river, establish water inlet in the upper end of target area, establish discharge outlet in the lower end of target area;
3., lattice field is repaiied: the meadow in target area is accomplished " rice field " formula grid field, lattice build minor dam between field, along the flow direction of river, establish water inlet in minor dam upper end, establish discharge outlet in the lower end of minor dam, and little height of dam 0.5m, is interconnected with water channel between lattice field;
4., gate is set: the water inlet in target area and discharge outlet arrange gate respectively;
5., lay artificial fish nest: the place that pasture and water are less in target area, enters to take root in bar every 30cm oblique cutting, plant masthead end and to submerge underwater 10cm ~ 20cm, plant bar and bed mud upper surface is 60 °;
Described plant bar be willow coring, poplar root must, the mixture of one or more in willow branch and branch of poplar;
Three, the management that the target area of Fishes In Songhua River resource is recovered in artificial spawning field is constructed:
1., water inlet: close on spawning season, river height above sea level is 68m ~ 69m, opens inlet gate, river is introduced in target area, makes target area mean depth of water reach 0.8m ~ 1m;
The described spawning season that closes on is 10 ~ June 15 June;
2., draining: spawning season, river height above sea level is 66m ~ 67m, the inlet gate of target area is closed, open delivery port gate simultaneously, utilized most of fish to have anadromous habit, by the current of draining, introduce in target area trace back the fish laid eggs;
Described target area draining Flow Velocity is 0.1m/s ~ 0.3m/s, and flow is 0.08m
3/ s ~ 0.1m
3/ s;
On described spawning season 15 ~ June of June 20, water temperature reaches 18 DEG C ~ 20 DEG C;
3., fry storage is supported: on 5 ~ July 10 July, river height above sea level is 66m ~ 67m, closes delivery port gate, fry is stored up on the spot foster;
4., fry is released: early August, river height above sea level is 65m ~ 65.5m, and it is juvenile fish that fry grows adult long, open delivery port gate, enter in river by the water in target area, juvenile fish enters in river with water growth of ingesting, and namely completes and constructs the method that Fishes In Songhua River resource is recovered in artificial spawning field.
2. a kind of method of constructing artificial spawning field recovery Fishes In Songhua River resource according to claim 1, is characterized in that the vegetation pattern of the target area described in step one is a kind of or wherein several mixing in reed, sedge and natural pond willow.
3. a kind of method of constructing artificial spawning field recovery Fishes In Songhua River resource according to claim 1, is characterized in that the body length of the juvenile fish described in step 3 is 4. 1cm ~ 2cm.
4. according to claim 1ly a kind ofly construct the method that Fishes In Songhua River resource is recovered in artificial spawning field, it is characterized in that spawning season expels aquatic bird every day during step 3 2..
5. a kind ofly as claimed in claim 1 construct the evaluation method that the method effect of Fishes In Songhua River resource is recovered in artificial spawning field, it is characterized in that a kind of to construct the evaluation method recovering the method effect of Fishes In Songhua River resource in artificial spawning field be carry out according to the following steps:
One, pasture and water attached ovum numbers is calculated: 1., to surround area be 1m for the iron wire line that adopts diameter to be 0.5mm ~ 1mm
2square frame, then with netting twine, square frame is divided into 10 × 10 identical lattices of size, obtains grid framework;
2., between the fish egg-laying period, in target area, the different location of the depth of water arranges sampled point, grid framework is lain in bottom sampled point, press the pasture and water in grid framework diagonal clip 5 lattices, pasture and water in 1 lattice in clip 5 lattices are tied up bunchy, ovum number accompanying above record by statistics fish-egg number above then at random, fix label and be fixed on original place, obtaining marking careless handle; Described sampled point is 5 ~ 10; After 5 days, check mark grass is attached ovum number above, the ovum number occur eyespot in the fish-egg of first time output and bad ovum number deduction, be first time lay eggs after the ovum of new output, to calculate between the egg-laying period 1m in target area thus
2average attached ovum number, then convert and namely obtain the total attached ovum number of whole target area;
Two, calculate fry and hatch number: Stochastic choice grass handle, fix and mark and be fixed on different location in target area, different water depth location, checked 1 time every 3 days ~ 5 days, calculate development of fertilized ova twists the phase total ovum number to embryo, be multiplied by 80% again, be fry and hatch number;
Three, the fry density of target area is calculated: at the beginning of 7 months, after fish spawning period, be 20cm ~ 30cm, 60 orders/cm with network interface diameter
2spun yarn net filtration water body, according to 1m in the volume computing target area of filtered water
3the mean of fry in water body, namely completes and constructs the evaluation method that Fishes In Songhua River resource impact is recovered in artificial spawning field.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201510292623.5A CN104938377A (en) | 2015-06-01 | 2015-06-01 | Manual spawning ground constructing method for recovering Songhua river fish resources and evaluation method of effect thereof |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201510292623.5A CN104938377A (en) | 2015-06-01 | 2015-06-01 | Manual spawning ground constructing method for recovering Songhua river fish resources and evaluation method of effect thereof |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN104938377A true CN104938377A (en) | 2015-09-30 |
Family
ID=54153922
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201510292623.5A Pending CN104938377A (en) | 2015-06-01 | 2015-06-01 | Manual spawning ground constructing method for recovering Songhua river fish resources and evaluation method of effect thereof |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN104938377A (en) |
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN109371896A (en) * | 2018-11-22 | 2019-02-22 | 长江重庆航运工程勘察设计院 | A kind of river sand mining hole ecological treatment method |
| CN109601444A (en) * | 2018-12-14 | 2019-04-12 | 中国三峡建设管理有限公司 | Improve the Ecology pond for producing viscid egg fish reproduction |
Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPH03140511A (en) * | 1989-10-25 | 1991-06-14 | Taisei Corp | Sea-water purifying bank |
| CN1608451A (en) * | 2003-10-22 | 2005-04-27 | 中国科学院长春地理研究所 | Method of aquiculturing Northeast white shrimp in marsh and reed pond of high and cold area |
| WO2011133913A2 (en) * | 2010-04-23 | 2011-10-27 | French Sr William L | Renewable energy systems |
| CN103270983A (en) * | 2013-05-22 | 2013-09-04 | 中国水产科学研究院长江水产研究所 | Method for constructing schizothoracinae artificial spawning site in natural river |
| CN104335939A (en) * | 2014-09-28 | 2015-02-11 | 中国科学院东北地理与农业生态研究所 | Method for setting artificial fish nest to recover fish resources in Songhua river and evaluation method of effect of setting artificial fish nest to recover fish resources in Songhua river |
-
2015
- 2015-06-01 CN CN201510292623.5A patent/CN104938377A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPH03140511A (en) * | 1989-10-25 | 1991-06-14 | Taisei Corp | Sea-water purifying bank |
| CN1608451A (en) * | 2003-10-22 | 2005-04-27 | 中国科学院长春地理研究所 | Method of aquiculturing Northeast white shrimp in marsh and reed pond of high and cold area |
| WO2011133913A2 (en) * | 2010-04-23 | 2011-10-27 | French Sr William L | Renewable energy systems |
| CN103270983A (en) * | 2013-05-22 | 2013-09-04 | 中国水产科学研究院长江水产研究所 | Method for constructing schizothoracinae artificial spawning site in natural river |
| CN104335939A (en) * | 2014-09-28 | 2015-02-11 | 中国科学院东北地理与农业生态研究所 | Method for setting artificial fish nest to recover fish resources in Songhua river and evaluation method of effect of setting artificial fish nest to recover fish resources in Songhua river |
Non-Patent Citations (5)
| Title |
|---|
| 倪静洁: "阿海水电站人工模拟鱼类产卵场的设计与实施", 《云南水力发电》 * |
| 史为良: "《内陆水域鱼类增殖与养殖学》", 31 May 1996, 中国农业出版社 * |
| 周乔: "《内陆水域增养殖》", 31 August 2002, 中国农业出版社 * |
| 周恩: "内蒙达里湖人工产卵场的建造", 《淡水渔业》 * |
| 解玉浩 等: "达里湖鱼类资源增殖的初步总结", 《淡水渔业》 * |
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN109371896A (en) * | 2018-11-22 | 2019-02-22 | 长江重庆航运工程勘察设计院 | A kind of river sand mining hole ecological treatment method |
| CN109601444A (en) * | 2018-12-14 | 2019-04-12 | 中国三峡建设管理有限公司 | Improve the Ecology pond for producing viscid egg fish reproduction |
| CN109601444B (en) * | 2018-12-14 | 2021-03-09 | 中国三峡建设管理有限公司 | Improve bionical attitude pond of laying viscidity ovum fish breed |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| Goulding | Man and fisheries on an Amazon frontier | |
| Støttrup et al. | The use of releases of reared fish to enhance natural populations: a case study on turbot Psetta maxima (Linne, 1758) | |
| CN104145866B (en) | The method of Leusiscus brandti artificial breeding, enhancement releasing | |
| CN106577561A (en) | Method for trapping and adopting fry and breeding yellow-spot siganus | |
| Raju et al. | Fishing methods, use of indigenous knowledge and traditional practices in fisheries management of Lake Kolleru | |
| Campbell | The growth of brown trout Salmo trutta L. in northern Scottish lochs with special reference to the improvement of fisheries | |
| CN104938377A (en) | Manual spawning ground constructing method for recovering Songhua river fish resources and evaluation method of effect thereof | |
| CN109247310A (en) | A kind of method and facility of the fresh and alive fishes fishing of fisheries resources conservation type | |
| CN107711614A (en) | A kind of Shi Pa Select-Committee Ecology chartering cost methods | |
| White | Local feeding of kingfishers and mergansers | |
| Rahman | Capture-based aquaculture of wild-caught Indian major carps in the Ganges Region of Bangladesh | |
| CN104335939A (en) | Method for setting artificial fish nest to recover fish resources in Songhua river and evaluation method of effect of setting artificial fish nest to recover fish resources in Songhua river | |
| CN113598132A (en) | Wild goose and duck friendly fishery ecological breeding system and method | |
| Junk | Aquatic wildlife and fisheries | |
| CN105028327A (en) | Method for establishing mountain-hill wild habitat, farming-area wild habitat and habitat food chains of Chinese alligators | |
| Bickerdyke | Successful Fish-Culture in the Highlands | |
| TWI605751B (en) | Wetland restoration methods and wetlands | |
| Coche et al. | Simple methods for aquaculture management for freshwater fish culture, fish stocks, and farm management | |
| Burns-Begg | The Lochleven Angler | |
| CN219537203U (en) | Breeding spawning pond with asterias amurensis white fish roe screening function | |
| CN111513003B (en) | Net cage culture method for grass carp reservoir | |
| Suseelan | The prawn culture practices in salt-pan reservoirs at Manakkudy near Cape Comorin | |
| Ignatiou et al. | Package of Aquaculture practices | |
| Winter et al. | Desk-study on habitat quality for the European Sturgeon in the Dutch Rhine and southern North Sea | |
| Walker | A record Crested Tern Sterna bergii colony and concentrated breeding by seabirds in the Gulf of Carpentaria |
Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| C06 | Publication | ||
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| C10 | Entry into substantive examination | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| WD01 | Invention patent application deemed withdrawn after publication |
Application publication date: 20150930 |
|
| WD01 | Invention patent application deemed withdrawn after publication |