CN104113739A - Method for underwater observing natural oviposition of schizothoracins - Google Patents
Method for underwater observing natural oviposition of schizothoracins Download PDFInfo
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- CN104113739A CN104113739A CN201410398504.3A CN201410398504A CN104113739A CN 104113739 A CN104113739 A CN 104113739A CN 201410398504 A CN201410398504 A CN 201410398504A CN 104113739 A CN104113739 A CN 104113739A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method for underwater observing natural oviposition of schizothoracins, which comprises the following steps: (A) preparing equipment; (B) selecting a natural stream as a video recording place and setting up an enclosure; (C) determining the source of schizothoracins, namely observing the artificially domesticated mature schizothoracins, and in the breeding season of schizothoracins, putting the mature parent fishes into the enclosure in winter and spring; (D) arranging a video recording system, namely selecting a house with convenient electricity use from the side of the enclosure as a video recording monitoring center, putting a digital video recorder and a display into the house, and connecting one end of a video extension cord with the digital video recorder and connecting the other end of the video extension cord with underwater cameras, wherein the length of the video extension cord is controlled to be 10-100mm, and 4-5 underwater cameras are arranged in total; and (E) carrying out the working method of the video recording system, namely after the schizothoracins adapt to the enclosure environment for one week, recording the behaviors and activities at daytime. The method is easy to implement, the operation is simple and convenient, and the natural oviposition behavior of the schizothoracins can be observed conveniently in field condition.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to Fish behavior observational technique field, more specifically relate to a kind of method of underwater observation schizothoracin class natural spawning.
Background technology
Schizothoracin class be special product in a group cyprinid fish of highlands, Asia, be mainly distributed among plateau lake and rivers unhurried current.Schizothoracin class body extension, slightly flat-sided or approximate circle tubular; Body is by thin squama or exposed, but respectively has the large-scale stern squama of 1 row specialization in the both sides of anus and anal fin, on the ventrimeson between two row stern squamas, forms 1 crack, thereby schizothoracin by name.Schizothoracin class reaches sexal maturity conventionally in 3～6 ages, milter is conventionally Zao ripe than raun.Have larger difference because kind is different mating period, and the large quantities of clusters of most kinds were laid eggs in 3～May, and some kinds start breeding as far back as November, and some kinds can be extended to July breeding period.Be subject to the impact of the unfavorable factor such as hydroelectric development and overfishing, the stock number of wild schizothoracin class constantly declines.For this reason, must take relevant resist technology research.Carrying out artificial propagation techniques research is to recover one of main path of schizothoracin class stock number, and the understanding of counterincision abdomen fish natural spawning behavior is the basis of carrying out artificial propagation techniques research.
Because schizothoracin class has special requirement to spawning habitat, in the rivers of more remote and substrate complexity, the natural spawning behavior of therefore directly observing schizothoracin class is more difficult often.Under the limpid natural environment of some water quality, can observe by naked eyes the behavior of laying eggs of schizothoracin class from the water surface, but what observe may be behavior segment, also clear not, cannot repeated observation.Current, behavior videoing skill is applied to just more and more Fish behavior and learns in research, but is to carry out under the aquarium condition of laboratory at present mostly, or carries out in the higher ocean of transparency.The natural spawning behavior of observing schizothoracin class mainly contains two difficult points: the one, select correct observation place; The 2nd, the distribution method of video observation system under water.Find a kind of energy to be applicable to the kinescope method under water of field observation, record the natural spawning behavior of schizothoracin class comprehensively truly, will be the key of carrying out follow-up series of studies.Fisherman is split wild schizothoracin class as parent by fishing for, and supports temporarily in simple flowing water pond, keeps the crawler behavior of certain distance from water surface range estimation parent population, at egg production peak time, generally can be observed obvious parent population chasing behavior.The problem that prior art exists: only observe the behavior of laying eggs of schizothoracin class by range estimation not comprehensive, the visual field of observing is clear not, also cannot observe the whole action process of laying eggs, can only carry out record by word and photo for the behavior of observing, cannot clearly reduce the behavior of observing, it is also unrealistic arranging the long-time visual observations of personnel simultaneously.Therefore, visual observations can not meet the observation needs of counterincision abdomen fish natural spawning behavior, does not also reach the level of scientific research.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is to be to provide a kind of method of underwater observation schizothoracin class natural spawning, easy to implement the method, easy and simple to handle, lay by selecting practical video recording equipment, suitable video recording place and rational video recording system, from clearly recording the whole natural spawning action process of schizothoracin class under water, for relevant research provides new technological means.
In order to realize above-mentioned object, the present invention adopts following technical measures:
A method for underwater observation schizothoracin class natural spawning, the steps include:
1, equipment is prepared: 4 of underwater camera head 4 ~ 5 (EL-241C), built-in hard disk video tape recorder 1 (CY-D3308,8 passages), display 1 (20 inches), video extended lines (10M).
2, the selection in video recording place: the natural spawning of schizothoracin class has certain requirement to habitat conditions such as flow velocity, temperature, substrates, considers in conjunction with the convenience of video recording, the naturally small-sized streams of point selection, video recording ground (wide 5 ~ 15m, flow 1 ~ 5m
3/ s) be good.Concrete choice criteria is as follows: stream water quality is so clear that you can see the bottom, flow velocity 0.1 ~ 1.0m/s, and 9 ~ 20 DEG C of water temperatures, the depth of water remains on 0.3 ~ 1.0m, and substrate, taking cobble, gravel and fine sand grain as main, disturbs without intensive mankind's activity in periphery 500m.After siting, this streams section is separated with purse seine, form a long 95 ~ 105m, wide 8 ~ 12m is close to the enclosure of native state, and keep in enclosure upper water adfluxion and flow velocity is 0.20 ~ 1.00m/s, substrate is gravel and cobble, and as the mate and oviposit district of schizothoracin class, middle and lower reaches current broaden and flow velocity is kept to 0.10 ~ 0.20m/s, substrate is fine sand (diameter <1mm) and a small amount of cobble, and there is certain veil (as staggered large-scale reef, the broken twigs, or the artificial asbestos shingle arranging), as the sanctuary of schizothoracin class.
3, the source of schizothoracin class: because the natural resources of schizothoracin class is very rare, be difficult to rely on Natural Population to observe.Therefore, can adopt the schizothoracin class of artificial domestication maturation to observe.In the breeding period of schizothoracin class (winter-spring season), select reach maturity, the parent population of euthesia is as the object of observation, concrete criteria for selection is: milter rhynchodaenm, pectoral fin have pearl star, and hand touches with harsh feeling, the full softness of raun belly, gonopore is ruddy.Subsequently the parent population choosing is put into enclosure, female-male proportion is controlled at 1:1 ~ 1:2.Whole viewing duration is to the parent population behavior adjustment management such as throw something and feed, with simulating natural condition as much as possible.
4, the laying of video recording system: select place electricity consumption as recording monitor center, DVR and display to be positioned within doors in house easily on the bank of enclosure.Video extended line one termination DVR, camera under other end water receiving.According to circumstances different, the length of video extended line is controlled at 10 ~ 100m and is advisable.Lay altogether 4 ~ 5 underwater camera heads: first camera is positioned at the torrent region that enclosure upstream gravel is intensive, it is parallel with water (flow) direction that direction keeps, and observes the crawler behavior of fish with front; Second camera is positioned at first camera side-lower, and direction is just crossing with first camera, observes the crawler behavior of fish with side; The 3rd camera is positioned at 1m under first camera, and direction is just relative with first camera, with the crawler behavior of verso view fish; The 4th camera is positioned at the slowly fine sand beach of (flow velocity 0.10 ~ 0.20m/s) of current, enclosure below, to observe the crawler behavior (as Fig. 2) of fish outside breeding area.The setting of camera the like.It is fixed that camera local use stone heap presses solidly.
5, video recording system method of work is: after treating that schizothoracin class adapts to enclosure environment one week, substantially can show normal behavioral activity, now can start video recording.Video time is typically chosen in and carries out daytime, and concrete time range is 07:00 ~ 18:00.When video recording, first open DVR and display power supply, now camera will be started working, automatic display monitoring picture on display, but now system is not also carried out record to video recording.By clicking the button that arranges on display screen, the memory location of video recording is selected, can select to be stored in host memory card or external portable hard drive.Select behind video recording memory location, more start video recording after clicking beginning record button, finish time, click end record button.For the video recording recording, can be directly connected to and on display, carry out playback by DVR, or video recording is copied on other equipment such as computer and watch, so just can understand easily the whole natural spawning action process of schizothoracin class, and then the mating pattern of clear and definite schizothoracin class and the natural spawning behavioural characteristics such as mode of laying eggs.
Described video recording equipment under water, can use the video recording equipment under water of Multiple Type and specification to substitute, as SW005 recording monitor system under water.
The present invention compared with prior art, has the following advantages and effect:
1) the natural spawning microhabitat condition of schizothoracin class that the present invention is clear and definite.
2) of the present invention easy to implement the method, easy and simple to handle, repeatable strong.By select practical video recording equipment, correct video recording place and reasonably video recording system lay, from the whole natural spawning action process of video record schizothoracin class clearly under water, for relevant research provides new technological means.
3) the present invention has considered field observation, cost-saving, easy to operate, the demand such as clear of recording a video, and has realized the natural spawning behavior of easily and accurately observing schizothoracin class under condition in the wild.
4) the schizothoracin class natural spawning microhabitat feature that the technology of the present invention method can obtain and behavior video recording, the reproductive behavior that can be schizothoracin class is learned research accumulation basic data, also can provide foundation for the breeding habitat protection of schizothoracin class.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is a kind of schizothoracin class natural spawning behavior flow chart of video observation under water.
Fig. 2 is a kind of short hairs schizothoracin natural spawning behavior video observation system laying under water schematic diagram.
Fig. 3 is the short hairs schizothoracin natural spawning behavior video segment schematic diagram that a kind of system of video observation under water photographs.
Embodiment
In order to make object of the present invention, technical method and advantage clearer, taking short hairs schizothoracin as example, the present invention is further elaborated.Should be appreciated that specific embodiment described herein, only in order to explain the present invention, is not intended to limit the present invention.
Embodiment 1:
Known according to Fig. 1, Fig. 2, a kind of method of underwater observation schizothoracin class natural spawning, the steps include:
1, equipment is prepared: 4 of underwater camera head 4 or 5 (EL-241C), built-in hard disk video tape recorder 1 (CY-D3308,8 passages), display 1 (20 inches), video extended lines (10M).
2, the selection in video recording place: through investigating, select the section, streams of one section of suitable short hairs schizothoracin natural spawning as video recording place in the west and south, Sichuan Province.Video recording place surrounds an enclosure with purse seine, and current can pass through enclosure naturally, can prevent like this escape of short hairs schizothoracin, can farthest maintain again natural environment state.Habitat characteristics in enclosure is as follows: area approximately 500 m
2, be about 97m, wide approximately 5 ~ 15m, limit net height 1.0m, mesh 5cm, gravel: grains of sand population proportion is 40%:60%, in enclosure upper water adfluxion, (0.25 ~ 0.78m/s) and substrate are taking gravel as main, and as the mate and oviposit district of short hairs schizothoracin, enclosure middle and lower reaches current gradually open slowly (flow velocity 0.10 ~ 0.20m/s) and substrate taking fine sand (diameter <1mm) as main, 10.0 ~ 13.0 DEG C of water temperatures, the depth of water 15 ~ 75cm, transparency sees the bottom, an about 2m of area of the artificial placement in enclosure downstream
2asbestos shingle, as the sanctuary of short hairs schizothoracin.Video recording place periphery 500m disturbs without intensive mankind's activity.
3, the source of schizothoracin class: because the natural resources of short hairs schizothoracin is very rare, therefore can only rely on cultured population to observe.Short hairs schizothoracin used is fished for from the schizothoracin classes such as Jinsha jiang River more rivers that distribute, and after 3 ~ 4 years artificial domestications, reaches maturity.Select the good short hairs schizothoracin of 226 tails (gross weight 165.4kg, female-male proportion is about 1:1) physique parent population as the object of observation, concrete criteria for selection is: milter rhynchodaenm, pectoral fin have pearl star, and hand touches with harsh feeling, the full softness of raun belly, and gonopore is ruddy.Subsequently the parent population choosing is put into enclosure.Whole viewing duration is to the parent population behavior adjustment management such as throw something and feed, with simulating natural condition as much as possible.4, the laying of video recording system: as shown in Figure 2, select place electricity consumption as recording monitor center, DVR and display to be positioned within doors in house easily on the bank of enclosure.Video extended line one termination DVR, camera under other end water receiving.The length of video extended line is 10 ~ 50m.Lay altogether 4 underwater camera heads: in upstream, rapids zone is set, rapids zone arranges three cameras (C1), camera (C2), camera (C3), first camera (C1) is positioned at the region that enclosure upstream gravel is intensive, flowing water is concentrated, it is parallel with water (flow) direction that direction keeps, and observes the crawler behavior of fish with front; Second camera (C2) is positioned at first camera side-lower, and direction is just crossing with first camera, observes the crawler behavior of fish with side; The 3rd camera (C3) is positioned at 1m under first camera, and direction is just relative with first camera, with the crawler behavior of verso view fish; In downstream, area of slack water is set, area of slack water arranges a camera (C4), and the 4th camera (C4) is positioned at the fine sand beach of enclosure below, to observe the crawler behavior of fish outside the region of laying eggs.It is fixed that camera local use stone heap presses solidly.
Described rapids zone flow velocity is in the region of 0.20 ~ 1.00m/s;
Described area of slack water flow velocity is in the region of 0.10 ~ 0.20m/s.
5, video recording system method of work is: treat short hairs schizothoracin adapt to enclosure environment, video recording equipment lay complete after, can record a video.Video time is typically chosen in and carries out daytime, and concrete time range is 07:00 ~ 18:00.When video recording, first open DVR and display power supply, now camera will be started working, automatic display monitoring picture on display, but now system is not also carried out record to video recording.By clicking the button that arranges on display screen, the memory location of video recording is selected, can select to be stored in host memory card or external portable hard drive.Select behind video recording memory location, more start video recording after clicking beginning record button, finish time, click end record button.For the video recording recording, can be directly connected to and on display, carry out playback by DVR, or video recording is copied to and on other equipment such as computer, watch (Fig. 3), so just can understand easily the whole natural spawning action process of short hairs schizothoracin, and then the mating pattern of clear and definite short hairs schizothoracin and the natural spawning behavioural characteristics such as mode of laying eggs.
Claims (1)
1. a method for underwater observation schizothoracin class natural spawning, the steps include:
A, equipment are prepared: 4 ~ 5, underwater camera head, 1 of built-in hard disk video tape recorder, 1 of display, 4 of video extended lines;
B, the selection in video recording place: point selection nature streams, video recording ground, stream water quality is so clear that you can see the bottom, flow velocity 0.1 ~ 1.0m/s, 9 ~ 20 DEG C of water temperatures, the depth of water is at 0.3 ~ 1.0m, substrate is with cobble, gravel and fine sand grain, periphery disturbs without intensive mankind's activity, after siting, this streams section is separated with purse seine, form a long 95 ~ 105m, wide 8 ~ 12m is close to natural enclosure, keep in enclosure upper water adfluxion and flow velocity is 0.20 ~ 1.00m/s, substrate is gravel, for the mate and oviposit district of schizothoracin class, middle and lower reaches current broaden and flow velocity is kept to 0.10 ~ 0.20m/s, substrate is fine sand, there is veil, for the sanctuary of schizothoracin class,
The source of C, schizothoracin class: adopt the schizothoracin class of artificial domestication maturation to observe, breeding period in schizothoracin class: winter-spring season, select reach maturity, the parent population of euthesia is as the object of observation, concrete criteria for selection is: milter rhynchodaenm, pectoral fin have pearl star, hand touches with harsh feeling, the full softness of raun belly, gonopore is ruddy, subsequently the parent population choosing is put into enclosure, female-male proportion is controlled at 1:1 ~ 1:2, whole viewing duration is not to the parent population behavior adjustment management of throwing something and feeding, simulating natural condition;
The laying of D, video recording system: select on the bank of enclosure place electricity consumption easily house as recording monitor center, DVR and display are positioned within doors, video extended line one termination DVR, camera under other end water receiving, the length of video extended line is controlled at 10 ~ 100m, lay altogether 4 ~ 5 underwater camera heads: first camera is positioned at the torrent region that enclosure upstream gravel is intensive, it is parallel with water (flow) direction that direction keeps, and observes the crawler behavior of fish with front; Second camera is positioned at first camera side-lower, and direction is just crossing with first camera, observes the crawler behavior of fish with side; The 3rd camera is positioned at 1m under first camera, and direction is just relative with first camera, with the crawler behavior of verso view fish; It is slower that the 4th camera is positioned at enclosure below current: the fine sand beach of flow velocity 0.10 ~ 0.20m/s, and to observe the crawler behavior of fish outside breeding area, it is fixed that camera local use stone heap presses solidly;
E, video recording system method of work is: after treating that schizothoracin class adapts to enclosure environment one week, show normal behavioral activity, start its behavioral activity to record a video, video time is chosen in and carries out daytime, concrete time range is 07:00 ~ 18:00, when video recording, first open DVR and display power supply, now camera will be started working, automatic display monitoring picture on display, now system is not also carried out record to video recording, by clicking the button that arranges on display screen, memory location to video recording is selected, selection is stored in host memory card or external portable hard drive, select behind video recording memory location, click again and start to start video recording after record button, when end, click and finish record button, for the video recording of recording, directly be connected to and on display, carry out playback by DVR, or video recording is copied on computer equipment and watched, understand the whole natural spawning action process of schizothoracin class, specify the mating pattern of schizothoracin class and the mode natural spawning behavior of laying eggs.
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