CN103262726A - Method for ecological restoration by vegetation felts suitable for mining areas - Google Patents
Method for ecological restoration by vegetation felts suitable for mining areas Download PDFInfo
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- CN103262726A CN103262726A CN2013101479447A CN201310147944A CN103262726A CN 103262726 A CN103262726 A CN 103262726A CN 2013101479447 A CN2013101479447 A CN 2013101479447A CN 201310147944 A CN201310147944 A CN 201310147944A CN 103262726 A CN103262726 A CN 103262726A
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Abstract
The invention provides a method for ecological restoration by vegetation felts suitable for mining areas. The method is characterized by comprising the steps of A, investigating pollution situations of tailings, B, producing the vegetation felts in an industrialized manner, and C, performing plant cultivation on tailings pond vegetation felts. The method has the advantages that industrial and large-scale production can be performed at any time according to various situations of tailings ponds in the mining areas, labor intensity of workers during laying is low, and the whole process is high in production efficiency; and when the tailings ponds are reused for extracting minerals, only plants of the vegetation felts need to be removed, and the plants of the vegetation felts can be reused for covering tailings remainders with the minerals extracted.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the mine tailing processing technology field, dispose the method that the vegetation felt that adapts reaches recovery ecology according to mining area and mine tailing Al Kut point selection specifically.
Background technology
The accumulating amount of China's one side mine tailing is huge, has also brought negative influence for environmental protection; The comprehensive average recovery rate less than 50% of mineral resources only is about about 20% on the other hand, and the average utilization less than 10% of metal tailings has proved absolutely that China's development comprehensive utilization of tailing industry is very urgent, administers also need fully utilize.By creating the low-carbon (LC) life, the development low-carbon economy is cultivated the low-carbon (LC) cultural concept of sustainable development, environmental protection, civilization, forms to have the low-carbon (LC) consumption consciousness, and the again or repeatedly flotation of mine tailing is the inexorable trend of mining industry scientific development.
Current improvement mine tailing mainly contains following method:
The method of reclaiming: mine tailing is buried underground, plant trees, plant grass at mulching soil or build the house.This method is not only invested greatly, and wastes a large amount of soil resources, simultaneously to the utilization again of mine tailing, brings big negative effect.
Mine tailing storehouse method: build a dam and build the storehouse and hoard mine tailing.Store up the mine tailing storehouse dry naturally after, run into strong wind, can constantly be blown to the surrounding area through flotation by the mine tailing that chemical substance pollutes, cause soil pollution, land deterioration, vegetation deterioration and water body worsen, peripheral ecological environment is caused serious harm, sometimes even threaten people and animals' existence.
Filling method: mine tailing is returned the mine filling.Its storage is limited, and cost is higher.
The patent No. 200910273478.0, the shortcoming that name is called purifying surface of tailings reservoir and stringy stonecrop ecological restoring method is to adopt to purify the shallow-layer surface, cover clay and plant vegetation then, working strength of workers is very big like this, and efficient is very low, can only use manual operation, can not be suitable for batch production production, as in repair process or when just having repaired, meet heavy rain and will wash away vegetation and the unusual clay of shallow-layer, make the vegetation survival rate very low, the non-constant of coverage effect.
Summary of the invention
The present invention seeks to fill a prescription separately at different mining areas, select the degradation agent that adapts for use or purify the toxin that thing is removed its greasy dirt and influenced the plant growth, make its primary condition that reaches Plants and Seeds in the vegetation felt, guarantee that vegetation felt plant reaches the recovery ecological method.
Match vegetation felt and recover ecological method of mining area of the present invention, its step is as follows:
A, investigation tailings pollution present situation;
B, the batch production of vegetation felt are produced;
C, the vegetation felt plant cultivation of mine tailing storehouse.
Described investigation tailings pollution present situation be exactly to determine the greasy dirt of mine tailing, and Acidity of Aikalinity and determine can be under this state growing plants:
The test of at first sampling in different plot, mine tailing district is divided into 10 samples of shape, the identical 700mm of thickness * 700 mm with sample, selects plant to carry out tentative plantation in each equal portions sample, under its step:
A, the test of reconnaissance trip subregion, mine tailing storehouse shallow-layer sample analysis is tested the quantity and the Acidity of Aikalinity that contain greasy dirt, toxin in the mine tailing;
B, determine degradation agent or purify the prescription of thing, select Plants and Seeds, make the vegetation felt that adapts;
C, sod by felt: select that stringy stonecrop, dewdrop grass, Mali draw for use, bermuda grass plant and plant seed, be divided into two groups and be layered on 10 sample layers, watered permeable the same day; Then two groups are compared, one group be in 16 days according to the continuous moisturizing of vegetation felt situation 3～4 times, keep in 2 months the vegetation felt moistening; Another group is moistening according to keeping the vegetation felt in the weather condition moisturizing 2～3 times 10 days, afterwards in the raw, and on-site-inspection 2 months; Through repetition test, the result carried out stringy stonecrop is selected in statistical analysis and Mali draws as target plant, thereby determine vegetation felt scheme.
Described vegetation felt suitability for industrialized production:
A, spread the vegetation base body, described vegetation base body is the vegetation felt;
B, spread at the vegetation felt and to purify thing or degraded layer;
C, spray one deck starch slurry purifying thing or degraded layer;
D, lay matrix purifying thing or degraded layer;
Plant plant seed in e, the hole on matrix;
F, at the rare gauze of stromal surface layer overlay, spray one deck starch slurry at rare gauze then.
The vegetation felt plant cultivation of described mine tailing storehouse is layered on vegetation felt plant on the soil in smooth good mine tailing storehouse, waters then.
The vegetation felt that a kind of mine tailing storehouse ecology of mining areas recovers, this vegetation felt comprises: end felt 1, purifying layer or degraded layer 2, matrix 3, plant 4, overlay film 5, the bottom is end felt 1, the upper strata of end felt 1 is purifying layer or degraded layer 2, wherein purifying layer or degraded layer 2 above starch coat is arranged, starch coat on purifying layer or degraded layer 2 covers one deck matrix 4, plants plant seed in the hole of this matrix 4 in, cover one deck overlay film 5 on the matrix 4 again, on this overlay film 5 one deck starch coat is arranged also.
Described purifying layer or degraded layer 2 mainly are made up of pulverized limestone, draft ash, gypsum foam, and the ratio of each respective components is 7:2:1, are layered on purification thing on the end felt 1 or the thick 0.4～1cm of being of degraded layer 2.
Described matrix 3 mainly is made up of clay, broken plant, humectant; Described humectant is corn resin or other humectant, and the preparation ratio of its medium clay soil, broken plant, humectant is 7.5～9.8: 1～2.4: 0.5～1, and the thickness of matrix 3 is 35～40mm, under pressure matrix is pressed onto 20～25mm.
The size of felt of the described end 1 is 30 * 30cm～100cm * 100cm.
Described overlay film 5 is rare gauzes, and the starch on this rare gauze is coated with the thick 1～2mm of being of body, and wherein to be coated with body be sweet potato or potato slurry to starch.
The advantage that mining area of the present invention matches the vegetation felt and recovers ecological method is: can be according to the needs of the various situations in mine tailing storehouse, mining area, at any time carry out the production of industrialization, scale, labor strength is low when laying vegetation, whole process production efficiency height, vegetation makes the air oxygen content in mine tailing storehouse higher after laying, environment is better improved, and recycling will be carried out when extracting mineral reserve in the mine tailing storehouse, as long as take down the vegetation felt, and the vegetation felt can re-use the covering of the mine tailing residue that extracts mineral reserve again; Compare with the method for reclaiming, on the basis of saving cost, saved a large amount of soil resources, make things convenient for the utilization of mine tailing secondary, then solved the environmental pollution that its exposed mine tailing airborne dust causes than common mine tailing storehouse, also significantly reduce rain penetration and cause groundwater contamination.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is vegetation felt plant structure schematic diagram.
Embodiment
Match vegetation felt and recover ecological method of mining area of the present invention, its step is as follows:
A, investigation tailings pollution present situation;
B, the batch production of vegetation felt are produced;
C, the vegetation felt plant cultivation of mine tailing storehouse.
Described investigation tailings pollution present situation be exactly to determine the greasy dirt of mine tailing, and Acidity of Aikalinity and determine can be under this state growing plants:
The test of at first sampling in different plot, mine tailing district is divided into 10 samples of shape, the identical 700mm of thickness * 700 mm with sample, selects plant to carry out tentative plantation in each equal portions sample, under its step:
A, the test of reconnaissance trip subregion, mine tailing storehouse shallow-layer sample analysis is tested the quantity and the Acidity of Aikalinity that contain greasy dirt, toxin in the mine tailing;
B, determine degradation agent or purify the prescription of thing, select Plants and Seeds, make the vegetation felt that adapts;
C, sod by felt: select that stringy stonecrop, dewdrop grass, Mali draw for use, bermuda grass plant and plant seed, be divided into two groups and be layered on 10 sample layers, watered permeable the same day; Then two groups are compared, one group be in 16 days according to the continuous moisturizing of vegetation felt situation 3～4 times, keep in 2 months the vegetation felt moistening; Another group is moistening according to keeping the vegetation felt in the weather condition moisturizing 2～3 times 10 days, afterwards in the raw, and on-site-inspection 2 months; Through repetition test, the result carried out stringy stonecrop is selected in statistical analysis and Mali draws as target plant, thereby determine vegetation felt scheme.
Described vegetation felt suitability for industrialized production:
A, spread the vegetation base body, described vegetation base body is the vegetation felt;
B, spread at the vegetation felt and to purify thing or degraded layer;
C, spray one deck starch slurry purifying thing or degraded layer;
D, lay matrix purifying thing or degraded layer;
Plant plant seed in e, the hole on matrix;
F, at the rare gauze of stromal surface layer overlay, spray one deck starch slurry at rare gauze then.
The vegetation felt plant cultivation of described mine tailing storehouse is layered on vegetation felt plant on the soil in smooth good mine tailing storehouse, waters then.
The vegetation felt that a kind of mine tailing storehouse ecology of mining areas recovers, this vegetation felt comprises: end felt 1, purifying layer or degraded layer 2, matrix 3, plant 4, overlay film 5, the bottom is end felt 1, the upper strata of end felt 1 is purifying layer or degraded layer 2, wherein purifying layer or degraded layer 2 above starch coat is arranged, starch coat on purifying layer or degraded layer 2 covers one deck matrix 4, plants plant seed in the hole of this matrix 4 in, cover one deck overlay film 5 on the matrix 4 again, on this overlay film 5 one deck starch coat is arranged also
Described purifying layer or degraded layer 2 mainly are made up of pulverized limestone, draft ash, gypsum foam, and the ratio of each respective components is 7:2:1, are layered on purification thing on the end felt 1 or the thick 0.4～1cm of being of degraded layer 2.
Described matrix 3 mainly is made up of clay, broken plant, humectant; Described humectant is corn resin or other humectant, and the preparation ratio of its medium clay soil, broken plant, humectant is 7.5～9.8: 1～2.4: 0.5～1, and the thickness of matrix 3 is 35～40mm, under pressure matrix is pressed onto 20～25mm.
The size of felt of the described end 1 is 30 * 30cm～100cm * 100cm.
Described overlay film 5 is rare gauzes, and the starch on this rare gauze is coated with the thick 1～2mm of being of body, and wherein to be coated with body be sweet potato or potato slurry to starch.
Claims (9)
1. the mining area vegetation felt that matches recovers ecological method, and it is characterized in that: its step is as follows:
A, investigation tailings pollution present situation;
B, the batch production of vegetation felt are produced;
C, the vegetation felt plant cultivation of mine tailing storehouse.
2. the mining area according to claim 1 vegetation felt that matches recovers ecological method, it is characterized in that: described investigation tailings pollution present situation be exactly to determine the greasy dirt of mine tailing, and Acidity of Aikalinity and determine can be under this state growing plants.
3. the mining area according to claim 1 vegetation felt that matches recovers ecological method, it is characterized in that: described vegetation felt suitability for industrialized production, and its process is as follows:
A, spread the vegetation base body, the vegetation base body is the vegetation felt;
B, spread at the vegetation felt and to purify thing or degraded layer;
C, spray one deck starch slurry purifying thing or degraded layer;
D, lay matrix purifying thing or degraded layer;
Plant plant seed in e, the hole on matrix;
F, at the rare gauze of stromal surface layer overlay, spray one deck starch slurry at rare gauze then.
4. the mining area according to claim 1 vegetation felt that matches recovers ecological method, it is characterized in that: the plant cultivation on the vegetation felt of described mine tailing storehouse is that vegetation felt plant is layered on the soil in smooth good mine tailing storehouse, waters then.
5. vegetation felt that mine tailing storehouse ecology of mining areas recovers, this vegetation felt comprises: end felt (1), purifying layer or degraded layer (2), matrix (3), plant (4), overlay film (5), it is characterized in that: the bottom is end felt (1), the upper strata of end felt (1) is purifying layer or degraded layer (2), wherein purifying layer or degraded layer (2) above starch coat is arranged, starch coat on purifying layer or degraded layer (2) covers one deck matrix (4), plantation plant seed in the hole of this matrix (4), cover one deck overlay film (5) on the matrix (4) again, this overlay film also has one deck starch coat on (5).
6. the mining area according to claim 3 vegetation felt that matches recovers ecological method, it is characterized in that: described purifying layer or degraded layer (2) mainly are made up of pulverized limestone, draft ash, gypsum foam, and the ratio of each respective components is 7:2:1, is layered on purification thing on the end felt (1) or the thick 0.4～1cm of being of degraded layer (2).
7. the mining area according to claim 3 vegetation felt that matches recovers ecological method, and it is characterized in that: described matrix (3) mainly is made up of clay, broken plant, humectant; Described humectant is corn resin or other humectant, and the preparation ratio of its medium clay soil, broken plant, humectant is 7.5～9.8: 1～2.4: 0.5～1, and the thickness of matrix (3) is 35～40mm, under pressure matrix is pressed onto 20～25mm.
8. the mining area according to claim 3 vegetation felt that matches recovers ecological method, and it is characterized in that: the size of felt of the described end (1) is 30 * 30cm～100cm * 100cm.
9. the mining area according to claim 3 vegetation felt that matches recovers ecological method, and it is characterized in that: described overlay film (5) is rare gauze, and the starch on rare gauze is coated with the thick 1～2mm of body; It is sweet potato, potato slurry that described starch is coated with body.
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| CN201310147944.7A CN103262726B (en) | 2013-04-26 | 2013-04-26 | Method for ecological restoration by vegetation felts suitable for mining areas |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN115088587A (en) * | 2022-07-07 | 2022-09-23 | 青海九零六工程勘察设计院有限责任公司 | Vegetation slope protection geotechnical felt for mine restoration and preparation method thereof |
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| CN2750921Y (en) * | 2004-12-29 | 2006-01-11 | 北京林枫园林绿化工程有限公司 | Ecologic vegetation blanket |
| CN101767103A (en) * | 2009-12-29 | 2010-07-07 | 武汉立体绿化有限公司 | Method for purifying surface of tailings reservoir and ecologically restoring linear stonecrop herb |
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2013
- 2013-04-26 CN CN201310147944.7A patent/CN103262726B/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Patent Citations (5)
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|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN2750921Y (en) * | 2004-12-29 | 2006-01-11 | 北京林枫园林绿化工程有限公司 | Ecologic vegetation blanket |
| CN1699700A (en) * | 2005-05-27 | 2005-11-23 | 王滨生 | Multifunctional greening plant blanket |
| CN101767103A (en) * | 2009-12-29 | 2010-07-07 | 武汉立体绿化有限公司 | Method for purifying surface of tailings reservoir and ecologically restoring linear stonecrop herb |
| CN201995310U (en) * | 2010-11-26 | 2011-10-05 | 青岛润丰源园林景观工程有限公司 | Bioactivity degradable soilless vegetation blanket |
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Non-Patent Citations (2)
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| 杨韡韡: "《矿山废弃地生态修复技术与效应研究-以河南省鲁山县某铁矿区为例》", 《中国优秀硕士学位论文全文数据库》, 15 April 2013 (2013-04-15) * |
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN115088587A (en) * | 2022-07-07 | 2022-09-23 | 青海九零六工程勘察设计院有限责任公司 | Vegetation slope protection geotechnical felt for mine restoration and preparation method thereof |
| CN115088587B (en) * | 2022-07-07 | 2023-07-07 | 青海九零六工程勘察设计院有限责任公司 | Plant-growing slope protection geotechnical felt for mine restoration and preparation method thereof |
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