CN103262726B - Method for ecological restoration by vegetation felts suitable for mining areas - Google Patents
Method for ecological restoration by vegetation felts suitable for mining areas Download PDFInfo
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- CN103262726B CN103262726B CN201310147944.7A CN201310147944A CN103262726B CN 103262726 B CN103262726 B CN 103262726B CN 201310147944 A CN201310147944 A CN 201310147944A CN 103262726 B CN103262726 B CN 103262726B
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Abstract
The invention provides a method for ecological restoration by vegetation felts suitable for mining areas. The method is characterized by comprising the steps of A, investigating pollution situations of tailings, B, producing the vegetation felts in an industrialized manner, and C, performing plant cultivation on tailings pond vegetation felts. The method has the advantages that industrial and large-scale production can be performed at any time according to various situations of tailings ponds in the mining areas, labor intensity of workers during laying is low, and the whole process is high in production efficiency; and when the tailings ponds are reused for extracting minerals, only plants of the vegetation felts need to be removed, and the plants of the vegetation felts can be reused for covering tailings remainders with the minerals extracted.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to mine tailing processing technology field, the vegetation felt adapting according to mining area and Tailings Dam feature option and installment specifically reaches the method for recovering ecological.
Background technology
The accumulating amount of China's one side mine tailing is huge, has also brought negative impact to environmental protection; The comprehensive average recovery rate less than 50% of mineral resources, is only about 20% left and right on the other hand, and the average utilization less than 10% of metal tailings has absolutely proved that China's development comprehensive utilization of tailing industry is very urgent, administers and also needs comprehensive utilization.By creating low-carbon (LC), live, development low-carbon economy, cultivates the low-carbon (LC) cultural concept of sustainable development, environmental protection, civilization, forms and has the low-carbon (LC) consumption consciousness, and the again or repeatedly flotation of mine tailing is the inexorable trend of mining industry scientific development.
Current improvement mine tailing mainly contains following method:
The method of reclaiming: mine tailing is buried underground, on mulching soil, plant trees, plant grass or build house.The method is not only invested greatly, and wastes a large amount of soil resource, and the utilization again to mine tailing, brings larger negative effect simultaneously.
Tailings Dam method: build a dam and build storehouse and hoard mine tailing.Store up Tailings Dam naturally dry after, run into strong wind, the mine tailing being polluted by chemical substance through flotation can constantly be blown to surrounding area, cause soil pollution, land deterioration, vegetation deterioration and water body worsen, the ecotope of periphery is caused to serious harm, sometimes even threaten people and animals' existence.
Filling method: mine tailing is returned to mine filling.Its storage is limited, and cost is higher.
The patent No. 200910273478.0, the shortcoming that name is called purifying surface of tailings reservoir and stringy stonecrop ecological restoring method is to adopt to purify shallow-layer surface, cover clay and then plant vegetation, workman's labour intensity is very large like this, and efficiency is very low, can only use manual operation, can not be suitable for batch production and produce, as in repair process or while just having repaired, meet heavy rain and will wash away vegetation and the unusual clay of shallow-layer, make vegetation survival rate very low, the non-constant of coverage effect.
Summary of the invention
The present invention seeks to fill a prescription separately for different mining areas, select the degradation agent adapting or purify the toxin that thing is removed its greasy dirt and affected plant growth, make its primary condition that reaches Plants and Seeds in vegetation felt, guarantee that vegetation felt plant reaches recovery ecological method.
Match vegetation felt and recover ecological method of mining area of the present invention, its step is as follows:
1. investigate tailings pollution present situation;
2. the batch production of vegetation felt is produced;
3. Tailings Dam vegetation felt plant cultivation.
Described investigation tailings pollution present situation be exactly to determine the greasy dirt of mine tailing and Acidity of Aikalinity and determine can be under this state growing plants:
First the test of sampling in different plot, mine tailing district, is divided into sample 10 samples of shape, the identical 700mm * 700mm of thickness, selects plant to carry out tentative plantation in each equal portions sample, under its step:
A, the test of reconnaissance trip subregion, Tailings Dam shallow-layer sample analysis, tests the quantity and the Acidity of Aikalinity that in mine tailing, contain greasy dirt, toxin;
B, determine degradation agent or purify the formula of thing, select Plants and Seeds, make the vegetation felt adapting;
C, sod by felt: select that stringy stonecrop, dewdrop grass, Mali draw, bermuda grass plant and plant seed, be divided into two groups and be layered on 10 sample layers, watered permeable the same day; Then two groups are contrasted, one group be in 16 days according to the continuous moisturizing of vegetation felt situation 3～4 times, keep vegetation felt moistening in 2 months; Another group is to keep vegetation felt moistening according to weather condition moisturizing in 2～3 times 10 days, afterwards in the raw, and on-site-inspection 2 months; Through repetition test, result is carried out to stringy stonecrop is selected in statistical analysis and Mali draws as target plant, thereby determine vegetation felt scheme.
Described vegetation felt commercial process is as follows:
A, spread end felt;
B, on end felt, spread and purify thing or degraded layer;
C, spray one deck starch slurry purifying in thing or degraded layer;
D, lay matrix purifying in thing or degraded layer;
Planting plants seed in e, the hole in matrix;
F, at stromal surface layer overlay overlay film, then at overlay film, spray one deck starch slurry.
Described Tailings Dam vegetation felt plant cultivation is that vegetation felt is layered on the soil of smooth good Tailings Dam, then waters.
A kind of vegetation felt of Tailings Dam mine ecological restoration, this vegetation felt comprises: end felt 1, purifying layer or degraded layer 2, matrix 3, plant 4, overlay film 5, the bottom is end felt 1, the upper strata of end felt 1 is purifying layer or degraded layer 2, wherein purifying layer or degraded layer 2 has starch coat above, covers one deck matrix 4, planting plants seed in the hole of this matrix 4 on the starch coat in purifying layer or degraded layer 2, in matrix 4, cover again one deck overlay film 5, on this overlay film 5, also have one deck starch coat.
Described purifying layer or degraded layer 2 are mainly comprised of pulverized limestone, draft ash, gypsum foam, and the ratio of each respective components is 7:2:1, are layered on purification thing on end felt 1 or the thick 0.4～1cm of being of degraded layer 2.
Described matrix 3 is mainly comprised of clay, broken plant, humectant; Described humectant is corn resin or other humectant, and the preparation ratio of its medium clay soil, broken plant, humectant is 7.5～9.8:1～2.4:0.5～1, and the thickness of matrix 3 is 35～40mm, under pressure, matrix is pressed onto to 20～25mm.
The size of described end felt 1 is 30 * 30cm～100cm * 100cm.
Described overlay film 5 is rare gauzes, and the starch on this rare gauze is coated with the thick 1～2mm of being of body, and wherein starch painting body is sweet potato or potato slurry.
The advantage that mining area of the present invention matches vegetation felt and recovers ecological method is: can be according to the needs of the various situations of mining area Tailings Dam, carry out at any time the production of industrialization, scale, while laying vegetation, labor strength is low, whole process production efficiency is high, vegetation makes the oxygen content in air of Tailings Dam higher after laying, environment is better improved, and Tailings Dam will recycle while extracting mineral reserve, as long as take down vegetation felt, and vegetation felt can re-use the covering of the mine tailing residue that extracts mineral reserve again; Compare with the method for reclaiming, on cost-saving basis, saved a large amount of soil resource, facilitate the utilization of mine tailing secondary, than common Tailings Dam, solved the environmental pollution that its exposed mine tailing airborne dust causes, also greatly reduce rain penetration and cause groundwater contamination.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is vegetation felt plant structure schematic diagram.
Embodiment
Match vegetation felt and recover ecological method of mining area of the present invention, its step is as follows:
1. investigate tailings pollution present situation;
2. the batch production of vegetation felt is produced;
3. Tailings Dam vegetation felt plant cultivation.
Described investigation tailings pollution present situation be exactly to determine the greasy dirt of mine tailing and Acidity of Aikalinity and determine can be under this state growing plants:
First the test of sampling in different plot, mine tailing district, is divided into sample 10 samples of shape, the identical 700mm * 700mm of thickness, selects plant to carry out tentative plantation in each equal portions sample, under its step:
A, the test of reconnaissance trip subregion, Tailings Dam shallow-layer sample analysis, tests the quantity and the Acidity of Aikalinity that in mine tailing, contain greasy dirt, toxin;
B, determine degradation agent or purify the formula of thing, select Plants and Seeds, make the vegetation felt adapting;
C, sod by felt: select that stringy stonecrop, dewdrop grass, Mali draw, bermuda grass plant and plant seed, be divided into two groups and be layered on 10 sample layers, watered permeable the same day; Then two groups are contrasted, one group be in 16 days according to the continuous moisturizing of vegetation felt situation 3～4 times, keep vegetation felt moistening in 2 months; Another group is to keep vegetation felt moistening according to weather condition moisturizing in 2～3 times 10 days, afterwards in the raw, and on-site-inspection 2 months; Through repetition test, result is carried out to stringy stonecrop is selected in statistical analysis and Mali draws as target plant, thereby determine vegetation felt scheme.
Described vegetation felt commercial process is as follows:
A, spread end felt;
B, on end felt, spread and purify thing or degraded layer;
C, spray one deck starch slurry purifying in thing or degraded layer;
D, lay matrix purifying in thing or degraded layer;
Planting plants seed in e, the hole in matrix;
F, at stromal surface layer overlay overlay film, then at overlay film, spray one deck starch slurry.
Described Tailings Dam vegetation felt plant cultivation is that vegetation felt is layered on the soil of smooth good Tailings Dam, then waters.
A kind of vegetation felt of Tailings Dam mine ecological restoration, this vegetation felt comprises: end felt 1, purifying layer or degraded layer 2, matrix 3, plant 4, overlay film 5, the bottom is end felt 1, the upper strata of end felt 1 is purifying layer or degraded layer 2, wherein purifying layer or degraded layer 2 has starch coat above, covers one deck matrix 4, planting plants seed in the hole of this matrix 4 on the starch coat in purifying layer or degraded layer 2, in matrix 4, cover again one deck overlay film 5, on this overlay film 5, also have one deck starch coat.
Described purifying layer or degraded layer 2 are mainly comprised of pulverized limestone, draft ash, gypsum foam, and the ratio of each respective components is 7:2:1, are layered on purification thing on end felt 1 or the thick 0.4～1cm of being of degraded layer 2.
Described matrix 3 is mainly comprised of clay, broken plant, humectant; Described humectant is corn resin or other humectant, and the preparation ratio of its medium clay soil, broken plant, humectant is 7.5～9.8:1～2.4:0.5～1, and the thickness of matrix 3 is 35～40mm, under pressure, matrix is pressed onto to 20～25mm.
The size of described end felt 1 is 30 * 30cm～100cm * 100cm.
Described overlay film 5 is rare gauzes, and the starch on this rare gauze is coated with the thick 1～2mm of being of body, and wherein starch painting body is sweet potato or potato slurry.
Claims (3)
1. the mining area vegetation felt that matches recovers ecological method, and its step is as follows:
1. investigate tailings pollution present situation;
Described investigation tailings pollution present situation be exactly to determine the greasy dirt of mine tailing and Acidity of Aikalinity and determine can be under this state growing plants;
2. vegetation felt suitability for industrialized production;
This vegetation felt comprises: end felt (1), purifying layer or degraded layer (2), matrix (3), plant (4), overlay film (5), wherein, the bottom is end felt (1), the upper strata of end felt (1) is purifying layer or degraded layer (2), wherein purifying layer or degraded layer (2) has above a starch coat, on starch coat in purifying layer or degraded layer (2), cover one deck matrix (3), planting plants seed in the hole of this matrix (3), in matrix (3), cover one deck overlay film (5), this overlay film also has one deck starch coat on (5) again;
Described matrix (3) is mainly comprised of clay, broken plant, humectant; Described humectant is corn resin or other humectant, and the preparation ratio of its medium clay soil, broken plant, humectant is 7.5～9.8:1～2.4:0.5～1, and the thickness of matrix (3) is 35～40mm, under pressure, matrix is pressed onto to 20～25mm;
Described purifying layer or degraded layer (2) are mainly comprised of pulverized limestone, draft ash, gypsum foam, and the ratio of each respective components is 7:2:1, are layered on purifying layer on end felt (1) or the thick 0.4～1cm of being of degraded layer (2);
Described vegetation felt commercial process is as follows:
A, spread end felt;
B, on end felt, spread purifying layer or degraded layer;
C, in purifying layer or degraded layer, spray one deck starch slurry;
D, in purifying layer or degraded layer, lay matrix;
Planting plants seed in e, the hole in matrix;
F, at stromal surface layer overlay overlay film, then at overlay film, spray one deck starch slurry;
3. Tailings Dam vegetation felt plant cultivation;
Vegetation felt is layered on the soil of smooth good Tailings Dam, then waters.
2. the mining area according to claim 1 vegetation felt that matches recovers ecological method, it is characterized in that: the size of described end felt (1) is 30 * 30cm～100cm * 100cm.
3. the mining area according to claim 1 vegetation felt that matches recovers ecological method, it is characterized in that: described overlay film (5) is rare gauze, and the starch on rare gauze is coated with the thick 1～2mm of body; It is sweet potato, potato slurry that described starch is coated with body.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201310147944.7A CN103262726B (en) | 2013-04-26 | 2013-04-26 | Method for ecological restoration by vegetation felts suitable for mining areas |
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| CN201310147944.7A CN103262726B (en) | 2013-04-26 | 2013-04-26 | Method for ecological restoration by vegetation felts suitable for mining areas |
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| CN103262726B true CN103262726B (en) | 2014-12-10 |
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| CN115088587B (en) * | 2022-07-07 | 2023-07-07 | 青海九零六工程勘察设计院有限责任公司 | Plant-growing slope protection geotechnical felt for mine restoration and preparation method thereof |
Family Cites Families (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN2750921Y (en) * | 2004-12-29 | 2006-01-11 | 北京林枫园林绿化工程有限公司 | Ecologic vegetation blanket |
| CN100436723C (en) * | 2005-05-27 | 2008-11-26 | 王滨生 | Multifunctional greening plant blanket |
| CN101767103B (en) * | 2009-12-29 | 2011-10-19 | 武汉立体绿化有限公司 | Method for purifying surface of tailings reservoir and ecologically restoring linear stonecrop herb |
| CN201995310U (en) * | 2010-11-26 | 2011-10-05 | 青岛润丰源园林景观工程有限公司 | Bioactivity degradable soilless vegetation blanket |
| CN202396194U (en) * | 2011-08-18 | 2012-08-29 | 瑞纳斯控股有限公司 | Vegetation blanket |
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Granted publication date: 20141210 Termination date: 20180426 |