CN103250594B - Degradable seedling-raising pot preventing and treating root-knot nematodes and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Degradable seedling-raising pot preventing and treating root-knot nematodes and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- 241000243785 Meloidogyne javanica Species 0.000 title claims abstract description 17
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title abstract description 6
- 241001465752 Purpureocillium lilacinum Species 0.000 claims abstract description 59
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 38
- 239000010902 straw Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 35
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 34
- DPXJVFZANSGRMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N acetic acid;2,3,4,5,6-pentahydroxyhexanal;sodium Chemical compound [Na].CC(O)=O.OCC(O)C(O)C(O)C(O)C=O DPXJVFZANSGRMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- 239000001768 carboxy methyl cellulose Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- 235000019812 sodium carboxymethyl cellulose Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- 229920001027 sodium carboxymethylcellulose Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- 235000015097 nutrients Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 17
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- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 19
- 235000015099 wheat brans Nutrition 0.000 claims description 14
- 150000001413 amino acids Chemical class 0.000 claims description 12
- 240000004808 Saccharomyces cerevisiae Species 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000000855 fermentation Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 230000004151 fermentation Effects 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 241000244206 Nematoda Species 0.000 claims description 7
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- 230000001681 protective effect Effects 0.000 claims description 5
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- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 abstract description 5
- 230000002035 prolonged effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 4
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- 208000037265 diseases, disorders, signs and symptoms Diseases 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000002075 main ingredient Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 14
- 240000008067 Cucumis sativus Species 0.000 description 12
- 235000010799 Cucumis sativus var sativus Nutrition 0.000 description 10
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 description 9
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- 244000297179 Syringa vulgaris Species 0.000 description 3
- 235000004338 Syringa vulgaris Nutrition 0.000 description 3
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- 235000015510 Cucumis melo subsp melo Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 206010059866 Drug resistance Diseases 0.000 description 1
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- 241001143352 Meloidogyne Species 0.000 description 1
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Abstract
The invention discloses a degradable seedling-raising pot preventing and treating root-knot nematodes and a preparation method thereof and belongs to a cultivating container. The degradable seedling-raising pot is applied to the agriculture pest and disease green prevention and control field. The main ingredients of the seedling-raising pot comprise 5-10% of paecilomyces lilacinus solid state fermentation products, 10-20% of diatomite, 5-15% of nutrient substance, 30-40% of crop straw, 30-40% of clayed soil and 1-1.5% of sodium carboxymethylcellulose, and the components are manufactured according to specific procedures. According to the degradable seedling-raising pot, the paecilomyces lilacinus solid state fermentation products are added to the manufacturing raw materials of the seedling-raising pot, so paecilomyces lilacinus can be effectively protected, shelf lives and a lasting period of a product are prolonged, utilization efficiency of the paecilomyces lilacinus is improved, and plants can be protected in a three-dimensional and all-round mode.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a cultivation container, in particular to paecilomyces lilacinus applied（Paecilomyces lilacinus）A degradable seedling pot for preventing and controlling root-knot nematodes and a preparation method thereof.
Background
Root knot nematode（Meloidogyne spp.）Is one of the most harmful and widely distributed plant pathogenic nematodes, and is the root-knot nematode in the world every yearResulting in economic losses of up to 1000 billion dollars.
At present, the main means for preventing and treating root-knot nematodes are chemical prevention and biological prevention, pesticides used for chemical prevention and treatment have high toxicity and serious pollution, and continuous use is easy to increase the drug resistance of pathogenic nematodes, so that the development requirements of modern agriculture can not be met gradually. In the aspect of biological control, biological control inoculants taking paecilomyces lilacinus as a main component are widely applied to the control of root-knot nematodes, but the inoculants have some defects, so that the application of the paecilomyces lilacinus is greatly limited, and the biological control inoculants are mainly shown in the following steps: the existing microbial inoculum mainly exists in the forms of granules, powder and bacterium blocks, and has short shelf life; in practical application, the composition is easily influenced by soil environment, is not easy to form stable flora, and has unstable prevention and treatment effect. Secondly, in the aspect of use, paecilomyces lilacinus microbial inoculum mostly adopts a hole application mode, for example, patent No. CN201110176515.3 discloses a seedling-raising intelligent bacterial block containing paecilomyces lilacinus and a preparation method thereof, wherein the bacterial block is embedded into a plant root system part, the action range is limited, the plant root system cannot be protected in a three-dimensional and all-dimensional mode, and the prevention and control effect is greatly reduced.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention overcomes the defects in the prior art, and provides a degradable seedling pot for preventing and treating root-knot nematodes, which has the advantages that: firstly, adding a paecilomyces lilacinus solid state fermentation product into a seedling pot manufacturing raw material, so that the paecilomyces lilacinus is effectively protected, the activity of a microbial inoculum is hardly influenced by the environment, and the shelf life of the product is prolonged; secondly, the paecilomyces lilacinus survives, breeds and is slowly released to surrounding soil in the microenvironment of the seedling pot to form a stable flora, the activity of the paecilomyces lilacinus is not easily affected by the soil environment under the protection of the seedling pot, and the lasting period of the paecilomyces lilacinus is prolonged; the pot body of the seedling pot contains the lilac paecilomyces, so that the lilac paecilomyces is distributed more uniformly, the root system of the crop can be protected three-dimensionally and comprehensively, and the effect of the lilac paecilomyces is exerted to the greatest extent; and fourthly, the seedling raising pot is convenient and simple to produce, transport and use, and is beneficial to large-scale popularization.
The technical scheme of the invention is as follows:
(1) a degradable seedling pot for preventing and treating root-knot nematodes and a preparation method thereof are characterized in that the seedling pot comprises the following raw materials: substances for controlling nematodes, protective adsorbents, nutrients, carrier substances and binders. The raw materials of the seedling pot contain substances for preventing and controlling nematodes, and the seedling and disease prevention are integrated; the seedling pot is made of degradable materials, seedlings can be transplanted together with the seedling pot, and long-term, three-dimensional and all-round protection is provided for plants.
(2) The nematode-controlling substance of the above (1) which is a solid fermentation product of Paecilomyces lilacinus having a spore content of 108-1010cfu/g. The paecilomyces lilacinus has high spore content, and the effect of preventing and controlling the nematodes in the seedling pot is ensured.
(3) The protective adsorbent according to the above (1) is diatomaceous earth. The diatomite has a large internal surface area, and the sponge structure can improve the adhesive force of paecilomyces lilacinus mycelia and spores, effectively avoid the paecilomyces lilacinus spores from flying off, and play a role in protecting the paecilomyces lilacinus fungicide.
(4) The nutrient substance of the item (1) above is one or a mixture of wheat bran and one or both of amino acid raw powder and yeast raw powder. Amino acid is required to be consumed in the reproduction process of the paecilomyces lilacinus, and the amino acid raw drug and the yeast raw powder are simple and easy to obtain and can meet the requirement. The wheat bran is loose, which not only provides a carbon source for the paecilomyces lilacinus, but also provides aerobic respiration conditions.
(5) The carrier material of the above item (1) is a mixture of crop straw and a soil material; wherein, the crop straw includes: one or more of wheat straw, corn straw and rice straw; the soil material is a cohesive soil.
(6) The binder according to the above item (1) is sodium carboxymethylcellulose. The sodium carboxymethyl cellulose has emulsifying dispersivity, is not easy to putrefaction, is physiologically harmless, can form colloid and solution with high viscosity, and has the characteristics of adhesion, thickening, shaping, acid resistance, salt resistance and the like, so the sodium carboxymethyl cellulose is selected as the binder of the invention.
(7) The raw materials described in the above item (1) are respectively composed of, by mass: 5-10% of paecilomyces lilacinus solid fermentation product, 10-20% of diatomite, 5-15% of nutrient substances, 30-40% of crop straw, 30-40% of cohesive soil and 1-1.5% of sodium carboxymethylcellulose.
The proportion ensures the effective amount and the prevention and treatment effect of the paecilomyces lilacinus on the premise of saving the cost.
(8) The method for producing a pot for raising seedlings as described in the above item (1) is as follows: (a) taking the raw materials of the components according to the proportion; (b) stirring the paecilomyces lilacinus solid state fermentation product and diatomite uniformly; then adding wheat bran and stirring uniformly; (c) adding water into sodium carboxymethylcellulose to fully dissolve, pouring into the step (b), and uniformly stirring; (d) adding crop straws and cohesive soil in sequence in the step (c), and uniformly stirring; (e) adding water to fully dissolve the nutrient substances, pouring the nutrient substances into the mixture obtained in the step (d), adding a proper amount of water, and uniformly stirring; (f) and (e) extruding the mixture into a proper seedling-raising pot shape by using a machine, and airing the mixture for later use.
Firstly, uniformly stirring the paecilomyces lilacinus solid fermentation product and protective adsorbent diatomite, adding the nutrient substance wheat bran and uniformly stirring to protect the paecilomyces lilacinus solid fermentation product; after the sodium carboxymethyl cellulose and the nutrient substances are completely dissolved by adding water, the mixture is stirred and uniformly mixed, so that the substances can be more uniformly distributed in the mixture.
The pot body of the seedling pot contains the paecilomyces lilacinus solid state fermentation product and nutrient substances, and the paecilomyces lilacinus survives, breeds and is gradually released to surrounding soil in the microenvironment of the seedling pot to form stable flora, so that the control effect can be exerted to the maximum degree, and the relative control efficiency can reach more than 90%. The seedling pot is made of degradable materials, seedlings can be transplanted together with the seedling pot, flora grows around the root system of the plant, the nematicide does not need to be applied again in the growth period of the whole plant, and the medicament and labor cost are saved.
Detailed Description
The present invention is further illustrated by the following examples, which should not be construed as limiting the invention thereto.
Example 1: the raw materials are taken to be 500kg in total, and the mass percentage of each component is 8 percent of paecilomyces lilacinus solid fermentation product, 10 percent of diatomite, 6 percent of nutrient substance, 35 percent of crop straw, 40 percent of cohesive soil and 1 percent of sodium carboxymethylcellulose. Wherein the nutrient substances are amino acid raw powder, yeast raw powder and wheat bran, and the crop straws are wheat straws.
Taking 40kg of paecilomyces lilacinus solid state fermentation product and 50kg of diatomite, uniformly stirring, adding 10kg of wheat bran, and uniformly stirring; taking 5kg of sodium carboxymethylcellulose, adding water until the sodium carboxymethylcellulose is fully dissolved, pouring the sodium carboxymethylcellulose into the mixture, and uniformly stirring; then, 175kg of wheat straws and 200kg of cohesive soil are added in sequence and stirred to form uniform slurry; taking 10kg of amino acid raw powder and 20kg of yeast raw powder respectively, adding water to fully dissolve the amino acid raw powder and the yeast raw powder, pouring the mixture into the slurry, adding a proper amount of water, and uniformly stirring; and (4) extruding and forming by using a machine, and airing for later use.
Example 2:
the raw materials are taken to be 600kg in total, and the mass percentage of each component is 6 percent of paecilomyces lilacinus solid fermentation product, 15 percent of diatomite, 5 percent of nutrient substance, 40 percent of crop straw, 32.5 percent of cohesive soil and 1.5 percent of sodium carboxymethylcellulose. Wherein, the nutrient substances are the mixture of amino acid raw powder and wheat bran, and the crop straws are the mixture of corn straws and rice straws.
Taking 36kg of paecilomyces lilacinus solid state fermentation product and 90kg of diatomite, and uniformly stirring; then adding 15kg of wheat bran and uniformly stirring; adding 9kg of sodium carboxymethylcellulose into water until the sodium carboxymethylcellulose is fully dissolved, pouring the mixture into the mixture, and uniformly stirring the mixture; then adding 240kg of straw mixture and 195kg of viscous soil in sequence, and stirring into uniform slurry; adding water into 15kg of amino acid raw powder, fully dissolving, pouring into the slurry, adding a proper amount of water, and uniformly stirring; and (4) extruding and forming by using a machine, and airing for later use.
Example 3:
the raw materials are taken to be 1000kg in total, and the mass percentage of each component is 10 percent of paecilomyces lilacinus solid fermentation product, 20 percent of diatomite, 8.8 percent of nutrient substance, 30 percent of crop straw, 30 percent of cohesive soil and 1.2 percent of sodium carboxymethylcellulose. Wherein, the nutrient substance is the mixture of yeast raw powder and wheat bran, and the crop straw is the mixture of corn straw and wheat straw.
Taking 100kg of paecilomyces lilacinus solid state fermentation product and 200kg of diatomite, and uniformly stirring; after the completion, 44kg of wheat bran is added and stirred uniformly; taking 12kg of sodium carboxymethylcellulose, adding water until the sodium carboxymethylcellulose is fully dissolved, pouring the mixture into the mixture, and uniformly stirring the mixture; then adding 300kg of straw mixture and 300kg of cohesive soil in sequence, and stirring uniformly; adding water into 44kg of amino acid raw powder, fully dissolving, pouring into the slurry, adding a proper amount of water, and uniformly stirring; and (4) extruding and forming by using a machine, and airing for later use.
Example 4:
the raw materials are taken to be 800kg in total, and the mass percentage of each component is 5 percent of paecilomyces lilacinus solid fermentation product, 11 percent of diatomite, 15 percent of nutrient substance, 32 percent of crop straw, 35.7 percent of cohesive soil and 1.3 percent of sodium carboxymethylcellulose. Wherein the nutrient substances are a mixture of amino acid raw powder, yeast raw powder and proper amount of wheat bran, and the crop straws are a mixture of corn straws, wheat straws and rice straws.
Taking 40kg of paecilomyces lilacinus solid state fermentation product and 88kg of diatomite, and uniformly stirring; after the completion, 40kg of wheat bran is added and stirred uniformly; taking 10.4kg of sodium carboxymethylcellulose, adding water until the sodium carboxymethylcellulose is fully dissolved, pouring the mixture into the mixture, and uniformly stirring the mixture; then, 256kg of straw mixture and 285.6kg of cohesive soil are added in sequence and stirred evenly; adding water into 80kg of mixture of amino acid raw powder and yeast raw powder for fully dissolving, pouring into the slurry, adding a proper amount of water, and uniformly stirring; and (4) extruding and forming by using a machine, and airing for later use.
Example 5:
cucumber seedlings were cultivated by using the degradable seedling pots with root-knot nematode prevention function of examples 1 to 4, wherein paecilomyces lilacinus was not added to the seedling soil, and the cultivation soil was referred to as treatment 1, treatment 2, treatment 3, and treatment 4. The cucumber seedlings were cultivated in a common degradable seedling pot, wherein paecilomyces lilacinus was added to the seedling soil, and the content of paecilomyces lilacinus in the soil of a single seedling pot was equal to the content of paecilomyces lilacinus in the pot of a single seedling pot in example 3, which was referred to as treatment 5. The specification of the seedling pots in the treatment steps 1-5 is the same, and the components, the weight and the volume of soil in the seedling pots are basically the same. Cucumber seedlings are cultivated by adopting a seedbed as treatment 6. The results of the tests are shown in the following table.
The seedling raising time of the treatment 1-5 is 35-40 days, and then the cucumber seedlings are transplanted and planted in the greenhouse together with the seedling raising pots. And (4) directly planting the cucumber seedlings treated in the step (6) into a greenhouse. The planting area of the treatment 1-6 is 0.2 mu. The greenhouse is located in greenhouse bases of soil well villages in the northwest Wangzhou Zhengzhen area of Haizu city, Beijing, and the root-knot nematodes are serious when the greenhouse areas are put into use for 13 years.
During the whole life cycle of cucumber, roots of different treated plants are taken for a plurality of times to measure the control effect of the paecilomyces lilacinus on the root-knot nematode. During sampling, 1-6 cucumber roots are randomly dug and treated respectively, observed, counted according to the root-knot nematode grading standard, the number of the root-knot occurrence is determined, and data is recorded, wherein the grading standard is as follows:
grade 0, no root knot;
grade 1, the number of the root knots accounts for 0-25% of the whole root;
grade 3, the number of the root knots accounts for 26-50% of the whole root;
grade 5, the number of the root knots accounts for 51-75% of the whole root;
and 7, the number of the root knots accounts for 76-100% of the whole root.
Wherein,
root knot index% = (average number of plants at each level) x 100%/(total number of plants investigated x highest level value); control effect = (control group root knot index-treatment group root knot index) x 100%/control group root knot index.
The prevention and treatment effects are counted as follows:
from the results in the table, the cucumber seedlings cultivated by using the seedling pot disclosed by the invention (treated 1-4) have good control effect on the root-knot nematode damage in the whole growth period of cucumber, and the higher the content of paecilomyces lilacinus in the seedling pot is, the better the control effect is (treated 3, up to 95%). The paecilomyces lilacinus is uniformly mixed into the seedling raising soil (treatment 5), and the control effect on the root-knot nematode is obviously lower than that of the paecilomyces lilacinus added into the seedling raising pot manufacturing raw material (treatment 3). The paecilomyces lilacinus is added into the seedling pot manufacturing raw materials, so that the utilization efficiency of the paecilomyces lilacinus is improved.
And (3) respectively and periodically collecting and processing soil samples of 1-6 middle cucumber plant rhizosphere, collecting soil samples for 4 times in the whole growth cycle, and determining the content of the paecilomyces lilacinus in the soil samples. The results are given in the table below.
| The spore content cfu/g of paecilomyces lilacinus in the soil sample | Process 1 | Treatment 2 | Treatment 3 | Treatment 4 | Treatment 5 | Treatment 6 |
| Seedling stage | 2.6*107 | 7.3*107 | 1.1*108 | 5.0*107 | 8.6*105 | — |
| Flowering period | 3.1*106 | 4.5*106 | 8.5*106 | 6.4*106 | 1.6*104 | — |
| Melon bearing period | 1.3*106 | 2.3*106 | 3.4*106 | 4.5*106 | 5.2*102 | — |
| Seedling stage | 5.3*105 | 4.8*105 | 7.5*105 | 8.6*105 | 0 | — |
The results show that the paecilomyces lilacinus is detected in the rhizosphere soil of the cucumber plants cultivated by using the seedling pots (treatment 1-4) of the invention, and the content of the paecilomyces lilacinus is kept in dynamic balance in the whole growth period of the crops. The conventional pot for raising seedlings was used, and paecilomyces lilacinus was mixed in the soil for raising seedlings (treatment 5), and the presence of paecilomyces lilacinus was detected in the early stage of cucumber growth, and after 2 months of cucumber growth, the presence of paecilomyces lilacinus could not be detected in the rhizosphere soil. The seedling raising pot can be used for raising seedlings, so that the lasting period of the paecilomyces lilacinus in soil can be prolonged. In the treatment of bed seedling (treatment 6), the presence of Paecilomyces lilacinus was not detected.
Claims (2)
1. The utility model provides a prevention and cure root knot nematode's degradable seedling-raising alms bowl which characterized in that, seedling-raising alms bowl raw materials contain: substances for preventing and controlling nematodes, protective adsorbents, nutrient substances, carrier substances and binders;
the substance for preventing and controlling the nematodes is a Paecilomyces lilacinus solid state fermentation product, and the spore content of the solid state fermentation product is 108-1010cfu/g；
The protective adsorbent is diatomite;
the nutrient substances are one or a mixture of two of amino acid raw powder and yeast raw powder and wheat bran;
the carrier substance is a mixture of crop straws and soil substances, wherein the crop straws comprise: one or more of wheat straw, corn straw and rice straw, wherein the soil substance is cohesive soil;
the binder is sodium carboxymethyl cellulose;
the raw materials comprise the following components in percentage by mass: 5-10% of paecilomyces lilacinus solid fermentation product, 10-20% of diatomite, 5-15% of nutrient substances, 30-40% of crop straw, 30-40% of cohesive soil and 1-1.5% of sodium carboxymethylcellulose.
2. A seedling pot according to claim 1, which is prepared by the following method: (a) taking the raw materials of the components according to the proportion; (b) stirring the paecilomyces lilacinus solid state fermentation product and diatomite uniformly; then adding wheat bran and stirring uniformly; (c) adding water into sodium carboxymethylcellulose to fully dissolve, pouring into the step (b), and uniformly stirring; (d) adding crop straws and cohesive soil in sequence in the step (c), and uniformly stirring; (e) adding water to fully dissolve the nutrient substances, pouring the nutrient substances into the mixture obtained in the step (d), adding a proper amount of water, and uniformly stirring; (f) and (e) extruding the mixture into a proper seedling-raising pot shape by using a machine, and airing the mixture for later use.
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| CN103461389B (en) * | 2013-09-13 | 2015-02-04 | 成都天星农业科技有限公司 | Compound microorganism bacteria agent capable of preventing root-knot nematode and preparation method thereof |
| CN103787743B (en) * | 2014-01-09 | 2016-04-06 | 东北农业大学 | A kind of biological soil conditioning agent compound method being applicable to vegetable continuous cropping soil improvement |
| CN104025945B (en) * | 2014-06-26 | 2016-03-30 | 杨宏勃 | A kind of degradable pot for growing seedlings and production method thereof |
| CN104823753A (en) * | 2015-05-29 | 2015-08-12 | 东营市康森秸秆制品有限公司 | Degradable seedling culturing bowl prepared with straw and preparation method thereof |
| CN104956948A (en) * | 2015-06-14 | 2015-10-07 | 卞洪锋 | Preparation method for breeding cup and breeding cup prepared with preparation method |
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| CN107306692A (en) * | 2017-08-02 | 2017-11-03 | 合肥百绿盛农业科技有限公司 | One kind is exempted to heel in insect prevention pot for growing seedlings |
| CN112940946A (en) * | 2021-01-27 | 2021-06-11 | 贵州大学 | Method for preparing paecilomyces lilacinus from marigold straws to prevent and control tobacco root-knot nematodes |
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|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102334515A (en) * | 2011-06-28 | 2012-02-01 | 海南博士威农用化学有限公司 | Paecilomyces lilacinus-containing seedling raising intelligent truffle and preparation method thereof |
| CN103026920A (en) * | 2012-12-29 | 2013-04-10 | 山东坤基沃业生物科技股份有限公司 | Fully degradable seedling-growing integrated nutritional bowl and production method thereof |
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2013
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Patent Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102334515A (en) * | 2011-06-28 | 2012-02-01 | 海南博士威农用化学有限公司 | Paecilomyces lilacinus-containing seedling raising intelligent truffle and preparation method thereof |
| CN103026920A (en) * | 2012-12-29 | 2013-04-10 | 山东坤基沃业生物科技股份有限公司 | Fully degradable seedling-growing integrated nutritional bowl and production method thereof |
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