CN107227270A - A kind of biocontrol bacteria in soil-borne diseases agent, a kind of soil-borne disease biological control matrix and preparation method thereof and application method - Google Patents
A kind of biocontrol bacteria in soil-borne diseases agent, a kind of soil-borne disease biological control matrix and preparation method thereof and application method Download PDFInfo
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- CN107227270A CN107227270A CN201710401483.XA CN201710401483A CN107227270A CN 107227270 A CN107227270 A CN 107227270A CN 201710401483 A CN201710401483 A CN 201710401483A CN 107227270 A CN107227270 A CN 107227270A
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C12—BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
- C12R—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES C12C - C12Q, RELATING TO MICROORGANISMS
- C12R2001/00—Microorganisms ; Processes using microorganisms
- C12R2001/01—Bacteria or Actinomycetales ; using bacteria or Actinomycetales
- C12R2001/07—Bacillus
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C12—BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
- C12N—MICROORGANISMS OR ENZYMES; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF; PROPAGATING, PRESERVING, OR MAINTAINING MICROORGANISMS; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING; CULTURE MEDIA
- C12N1/00—Microorganisms, e.g. protozoa; Compositions thereof; Processes of propagating, maintaining or preserving microorganisms or compositions thereof; Processes of preparing or isolating a composition containing a microorganism; Culture media therefor
- C12N1/20—Bacteria; Culture media therefor
- C12N1/205—Bacterial isolates
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N63/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing microorganisms, viruses, microbial fungi, animals or substances produced by, or obtained from, microorganisms, viruses, microbial fungi or animals, e.g. enzymes or fermentates
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05F—ORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C, e.g. FERTILISERS FROM WASTE OR REFUSE
- C05F3/00—Fertilisers from human or animal excrements, e.g. manure
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G3/00—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C12—BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
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- C12N1/00—Microorganisms, e.g. protozoa; Compositions thereof; Processes of propagating, maintaining or preserving microorganisms or compositions thereof; Processes of preparing or isolating a composition containing a microorganism; Culture media therefor
- C12N1/20—Bacteria; Culture media therefor
Abstract
The present invention relates to soil-borne disease Prevention Technique field, and in particular to a kind of biocontrol bacteria in soil-borne diseases agent, a kind of soil-borne disease biological control matrix and preparation method thereof and application method.The biocontrol bacteria in soil-borne diseases agent is made up of bacillus amyloliquefaciens B6 and bacillus pumilus FE05；The depositary institution of the bacillus amyloliquefaciens B6：China typical culture collection center（CCTCC）, address：Wuhan City, Hubei Province Wuchang District Bayi Road Luo Jia Shan, preservation day：On November 20th, 2016, deposit number CCTCCM 2016621；The depositary institution of the bacillus pumilus FE05：China typical culture collection center（CCTCC）, address：Wuhan City, Hubei Province Wuchang District Bayi Road Luo Jia Shan, preservation day：On November 20th, 2016, deposit number CCTCCM 2016624.The biocontrol bacteria in soil-borne diseases agent of the application and accordingly a kind of soil-borne disease biological control matrix of the biocontrol bacteria in soil-borne diseases agent has been used to greatly reduce the case fatality rate of watermelon, the problem of especially effectively preventing and treating the watermelon soil-borne disease on the ground such as Ningxia.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to soil-borne disease Prevention Technique field, and in particular to a kind of biocontrol bacteria in soil-borne diseases agent, a kind of soil are passed
Biological control of diseases matrix and preparation method thereof and application method.
Background technology
In the prior art, soil-borne disease refers to that pathogen such as fungi, bacterium, nematode and virus live in soil with invalid body
In, from disease caused by crop root or stem infringement crop when condition is suitable.And continuous cropping is the main artificial of sick soil formation
Factor, main cause is enable corresponding some germs to breed year after year, largely accumulated in soil due to one class crop of continuous plantation
It is tired, sick soil is formed, is fallen ill every year.
By taking watermelon as an example, there are 800,000 mu of pressure sand watermelons in Ningxia, if counting the watermelon and muskmelon area in Gansu Xinjiang in, just reaches
Nearly ten million mu, these areas are all traditional planting sites, and generally existing continuous cropping obstacle needs improvement badly.Because soil is to chemical drugs
The suction-operated of agent, general chemopreventive effects are undesirable, therefore everybody generally believes that soil-borne disease or continuous cropping obstacle are
Individual hard nut to crack.In general, facility plastic greenhouse administers continuous cropping obstacle using microbiological method, prevention effect typically exists
More than 80%, that is because the soil in greenhouse is conducive to the survival and breeding of biocontrol agent containing abundant organic matter.And Ningxia
The soil of pressure sand growth of watermelon be practically free of organic matter, or even common soil particle is all not present, and watermelon is just grown in people
To move in the grit in ground, the biocontrol agent applied in ground is difficult to survive, therefore the pressure sand melon continuous cropping on the ground such as Ningxia Gansu
The preventing and treating of obstacle turns into a global problem.
Number of patent application discloses a kind of watermelon of biological control soil-borne disease for 201310103100.2 patent of invention
Special-purpose control-release fertilizer, the Controlled Release Fertilizer coordinates biological and ecological methods to prevent plant disease, pests, and erosion medicine fertilizer with Controlled Release Nitrogen Fertilizer, phosphate fertilizer, potash fertilizer according to the nutrient requirement characteristics of watermelon,
Gained watermelon control released fertilizer special is not only that watermelon provides biological disease-preventing function, nutrients release is met watermelon and absorbs requirement,
But it does not simultaneously solve biocontrol agent the problem of the soil that Ningxia Gansu etc. is practically free of organic matter is difficult to survive and bred, therefore
Also soil-borne disease caused by its continuous cropping can not be solved the problems, such as.
The content of the invention
The purpose of the present invention is to be directed to above-mentioned deficiency of the prior art, and provides one kind by easily surviving and breeding and have
The bacillus amyloliquefaciens and bacillus pumilus for preventing and treating watermelon disease pathogen constitute and there is wide spectrum to suppress watermelon pathogen
Biocontrol bacteria in soil-borne diseases agent, a kind of biocontrol bacteria in soil-borne diseases agent survival rate and fertility of improving further is provided
Soil-borne disease biological control matrix, correspondingly provides the simple method for preparing of the soil-borne disease biological control matrix and by watermelon again
Main root isolates to improve the application method of the biocontrol bacteria in soil-borne diseases agent survival rate and fertility with soil in spite of illness.
The purpose of the present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions：
Present invention also offers a kind of biocontrol bacteria in soil-borne diseases agent, it is made up of bacillus amyloliquefaciens and bacillus pumilus；
The bacillus amyloliquefaciens, entitled bacillus amyloliquefaciens B6, Classification system：Bacillus Amyloliquefaciens,Depositary institution：China typical culture collection center（CCTCC）, address：Wuhan City, Hubei Province is military
Prosperous area's Bayi Road Luo Jia Shan, preservation day：On November 20th, 2016, deposit number CCTCCM 2016621；
The bacillus pumilus, entitled bacillus pumilus FE05, Classification system：Bacillus pumilus,Preservation list
Position：China typical culture collection center（CCTCC）, address：Wuhan City, Hubei Province Wuchang District Bayi Road Luo Jia Shan, preservation day：
On November 20th, 2016, deposit number CCTCCM 2016624.
The bacillus amyloliquefaciens B6 and bacillus pumilus FE05 of the present invention has antagonism to watermelon pathogen, can
With but be not limited to the application in watermelon disease control field, due between different plants pathogen may have larger similitude,
Therefore the bacillus amyloliquefaciens B6 and bacillus pumilus FE05 of the application can also apply to the disease control neck of other plants
In domain, but it is optimal to the antagonism of watermelon pathogen.
The bacillus amyloliquefaciens B6 and bacillus pumilus FE05 of the present invention is drawn by substantial amounts of experiment work
Wisdom achievement.
First, applicant obtains the pathogen of Ningxia watermelon Major Diseases by separating, and can not only find out peaceful at this stage
Basic condition occurs for the disease of summer watermelon, and these pathogens will act as target, for next step separation screening biocontrol bacterium
With；
And then, applicant is worked by substantial amounts of separation screening, is obtained effective antagonism or is suppressed the microorganism of above-mentioned pathogen.Tool
Body method is, from the various local soil samplings such as vegetable garden, forest, wetland, nutrient agar to be coated on after being diluted with sterilized water
On, after bacterium colony is grown on culture medium, selecting more than 5000 kind bacterium colonies, to be stored in 4 DEG C of refrigerators standby.On culture medium flat plate center
Watermelon pathogen is inoculated with, bacterial strain to be tried is inoculated with place of about 2 centimetres from central germ, if bacterial strain to be tried can suppress cause of disease
Bacteria growing, central pathogen cannot grow to the position of Antagonistic Fungi, can there is a sterilely band between the two；If treated
Try bacterial strain unrestraint effect, the position that pathogen can just grow into where bacterial strain to be tried always, even across bacterial strain to be tried；Most
Afterwards, the antagonistic strain of watermelon pathogen can be suppressed by obtaining 83.A kind of usual microorganism is difficult effectively to suppress a variety of cause of diseases
Bacterium, so needing further to determine substantial amounts of Antagonistic Fungi combination（Combination including no less than two kinds of strains）, pass through best of breed
Arrange in pairs or groups to realize that wide spectrum suppresses the group of the purpose of pathogen, final choice bacillus amyloliquefaciens B6 and bacillus pumilus FE05
Cooperate as the Antagonistic Fungi optimum combination of the present invention.
It is difficult to effectively simultaneously suppress if bacillus amyloliquefaciens B6 or bacillus pumilus FE05 is used alone in the present invention
A variety of watermelon pathogens.By the way that 103 kinds of fungies are made with antagonistic effect, it is found that B6 can suppress 73 kinds of fungies, FE05 can suppress 61
Fungi is planted, both antagonism spectrums are variant.Both combine, and difference-complementary can suppress 97 kinds of fungies.The application passes through
Bacillus amyloliquefaciens B6 and bacillus pumilus FE05 are combined, obtained being capable of the soil of wide spectrum suppression watermelon pathogen
Disease biocontrol agent is passed, and the biocontrol bacteria in soil-borne diseases agent fertility is high, and tolerance poor nutritional environment capacity is strong, is applied to
The soil of organic matter is practically free of in Ningxia Gansu etc. can also play useful effect.Preferably, the biocontrol bacteria in soil-borne diseases
Agent compares 5-1 by bacillus amyloliquefaciens B6 and bacillus pumilus FE05 by quantity:1 ratio composition.After testing, the ratio
Example can adjust the symbiosis balance between bacillus amyloliquefaciens B6 and bacillus pumilus FE05, reduce the contention of their own
Resource causes mutual inhibitory action, antibacterial effect and different watermelon cause of disease of the comprehensive two kinds of strains for different watermelon pathogens
The quantity of bacterium, damaging effect, so that it is preferred that preferable wide spectrum suppression can be reached using less nutritional resource by going out the strain ratio
Bacterium effect.
Present invention also offers a kind of soil-borne disease biological control matrix, by a kind of biocontrol bacteria in soil-borne diseases agent described above
Seedling medium is inoculated into be formed, the biocontrol bacteria in soil-borne diseases agent number living bacteria count for passing biological control of diseases matrix is more than etc.
In 5,000,000/gram, it is preferable that the living bacteria count is 5,000,000/grams -2 hundred million/gram；
The seedling medium includes the component of following percentage by weight：
Organic fertilizer 55%-100%
Water 0%-35%
Binding agent 0%-10%
Wherein, the binding agent is hydroxymethyl cellulose and/or attapulgite.
The biocontrol bacteria in soil-borne diseases agent is applied and is advantageous in that in soil-borne disease biological control matrix：1st, it can realize
Preventing and treating to pathogen, also can give crop offer nutrition by organic fertilizer, can also improve Ningxia Gansu etc. to a certain extent
It is practically free of the soil environment of organic matter；2nd, organic fertilizer also can promote soil-borne disease biological and ecological methods to prevent plant disease, pests, and erosion of the present invention as organic nutrient substance
The flourish of microbial inoculum；3rd, seedling medium can isolate watermelon root and be contacted with the direct of soil, so as to reduce pathogenic bacterial infection
The possibility of root, reaches the purpose of protection watermelon root.
In addition, consider the bond effect and the growth demand for the application biocontrol bacteria in soil-borne diseases agent of binding agent, it is described
Binding agent can be by hydroxymethyl cellulose and attapulgite by weight 5:1-1:5 compositions, further the binding agent is preferred
For hydroxymethyl cellulose, hydroxymethyl cellulose and attapulgite can play good bonding in seedling medium of the present invention and make
With, and hydroxymethyl cellulose can also be participated in nutrition supply as a kind of organic nutrient substance collaboration organic fertilizer, raising is educated
Promotion growth effect of the seedling matrix for watermelon.
In addition, the seedling medium can be only organic fertilizer, only can also be made up of organic fertilizer and water, can also only by
Organic fertilizer and binding agent composition, can also be made up of organic fertilizer, water and binding agent, can also be by organic fertilizer, water, bonding
Agent and the functional agent added according to demand（Such as vitamin, inorganic salts, sugar, Chinese drugs agentia）Composition.
Preferably, the seedling medium includes the component of following percentage by weight：
Organic fertilizer 62-89%
Water 10-30%
Binding agent 1-8%.
Adjusted by the addition to water, the growth demand that crop can be catered to well is adjusted, and binding agent
Adding can make the organic fertilizer of the present invention stick together, and be easy to be squeezed into certain shape, meet plantation demand.
It is further preferable that the seedling medium includes the component of following percentage by weight：
Organic fertilizer 68-75%
Water 20-25%
Binding agent 5-7%.
Water is more than 20wt%, and watermelon, which easily absorbs moisture, causes sugar to dilute, sweet feel reduction；Water is less than 20wt%,
It is easily caused that nutriment transport is not smooth, crop can not draw enough nutrition and atrophy, while water is too low to be also unfavorable for this hair
The breeding of bright biocontrol bacteria in soil-borne diseases agent.
Wherein, the organic fertilizer is at least one of turf, animal wastes.Turf is the production in formation process of bog
Thing, is formed at the Quaternary Period, by the residuum of limnocryptophyte, under the anaerobic condition of many water, it is impossible to decomposes accumulation completely and forms.Contain
Large quantity of moisture and the plant residue not decomposed thoroughly, humus and a part of mineral matter, fertilizer efficiency are long, can improve well
Foundation soil；There are the various organized enzymes that animal alimentary canal is secreted and the various enzymes that microorganism produces in animal wastes, this
A little enzymes are conducive to improving absorbent properties, shock-absorbing capacity and the anti-adversity of soil.
Further, everfermentation processing is entered in the animal wastes, and after handling by fermentation, humic is also contained in animal wastes
The benefit materials such as acid, are conducive to plant growth.
Further, the animal wastes fermentation process technique of the application comprises the following steps：
（1）Water content is adjusted：The water content of animal wastes is adjusted to 50-70wt%；（2）Add organic decomposing agent：Adjusted toward water content
The animal wastes saved add organic decomposing agent of Ningxia Wu Feng agricultural science and technologys Co., Ltd production and mixed, described organic
The addition of decomposing agent is the 0.02-0.1wt% for the animal excreta that water content has been adjusted；（3）High-temperature sterilization：Utilize organic decomposing agent
The temperature of animal wastes is set to maintain 50-60 DEG C with the reaction heat of animal wastes, temperature holding time is 20-30 days.
The animal wastes are after zymotechnique processing, and pathogenic microorganism and weed seed in it can effectively be gone out
It is living, and the beneficiating ingredients such as a large amount of humic acid are produced, in the seedling medium of the application, it is possible to increase biocontrol bacteria in soil-borne diseases
The activity of agent can also promote watermelon growth, so as to improve watermelon sweet tea so as to reduce watermelon case fatality rate as abundant organic nutrition
The qualities such as degree, quality.
It is further preferred that the sheep manure that the organic fertilizer is handled by turf and by fermentation is constituted, the turf and warp
The weight ratio of the sheep manure of everfermentation processing is 5:1-1:1.Organic fertilizer combination is to have considered watermelon and soil-borne disease life
The growth demand of anti-microbial inoculum is simultaneously obtained by numerous experiments, is combined by the ratio, can be effectively antibacterial so as to substantially reduce
Also the sugariness of watermelon is suitably improved while watermelon case fatality rate.Closer to one preferably, the turf originates from Liaoning, the sheep
Excrement is Part of Qinghai Plateau sheep manure, and organic decomposing agent originates from Ningxia Wu Feng agricultural science and technologys Co., Ltd, Liaoning turf, Part of Qinghai Plateau
Sheep manure and originate from Ningxia Wu Feng agricultural science and technologys Co., Ltd organic decomposing agent be used for the present invention soil-borne disease biological control
Matrix, can strengthen biocontrol bacteria in soil-borne diseases agent preventing and treating and kill effect to watermelon pathogen.
Wherein, the biocontrol bacteria in soil-borne diseases agent presses quantity ratio by bacillus amyloliquefaciens B6 and bacillus pumilus FE05
5-1:1 ratio composition.The quantitative proportion confirms to obtain with method of dilution butteron on plate.Bacillus amyloliquefaciens B6 and bacillus pumilus
FE05 can produce antagonistic substance to watermelon pathogen, and they each other can community life, by further excellent
Ratio is selected, can cooperate with and play a role in the less soil environment environment of organic matter, prevent and treat soil-borne disease better.
Present invention also offers the preparation method of this kind of soil-borne disease biological control matrix, comprise the following steps：
（1）Biocontrol bacteria in soil-borne diseases agent is inoculated into organic fertilizer；
（2）Organic fertilizer after inoculation, water and bonding agent are well mixed and required shape is pressed into；Preferably, it is pressed into
The cylinder that 5-15 centimetres, high 1-9 centimetres of diameter, the top center of cylinder extrudes 1-3 centimetres of deep 1-2 centimetres seed of a diameter
Groove, for putting watermelon seed；It is further preferable that 10 centimetres of the body diameter, high 5 centimetres, 2 centimetres of depths 1.5 of seed trough diameter
Centimetre.
Soil-borne disease biological control matrix is pressed into cylinder, industrial applications of being more convenient for.
Present invention also offers the application method of this kind of soil-borne disease biological control matrix, comprise the following steps：
（1）Digged pit in sowing, the soil-borne disease biological control matrix is put into hole；
（2）Seed is put into the soil-borne disease biological control stromal surface, it is preferable that the seed is placed in seed trough,
Then water, earthing, epiphragma.The application method can isolate watermelon main root with soil in spite of illness to improve soil-borne disease life
Anti- microbial inoculum survival rate and fertility, and then improve the prevention effect of watermelon soil-borne disease.
Beneficial effects of the present invention：1st, bacillus amyloliquefaciens B6 and bacillus pumilus FE05 of the invention are with Ningxia
Watermelon pathogen is target, and watermelon pathogen can be suppressed from what the various local soil samplings cultivations such as vegetable garden, forest, wetland were obtained
Antagonistic strain, high specificity is particularly suitable for use in the ambient soil on the ground such as Ningxia；2nd, the present invention is by by bacillus amyloliquefaciens
B6 and bacillus pumilus FE05 compound obtained biocontrol bacteria in soil-borne diseases agent, and both cooperate with, and there is wide spectrum to suppress pathogen
Effect；3rd, soil-borne disease biological control matrix of the present invention can isolate watermelon main root with soil in spite of illness that there is provided soil-borne disease
Nutritional ingredient needed for biocontrol agent and watermelon, so as to greatly reduce the case fatality rate of watermelon and improve its yellowish pink meat
Matter, is also improved the effect of watermelon saccharinity.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the bacterium colony figure that isolated bacillus amyloliquefaciens B6 single bacterium colonies are amplified under the microscope.
Fig. 2 is bacillus amyloliquefaciens B6 spore staining result figures.
Fig. 3 is the bacterium colony figure that isolated bacillus pumilus FE05 single bacterium colonies are amplified under the microscope.
Fig. 4 is bacillus pumilus FE05 spore staining result figures.
Embodiment
The invention will be further described with the following Examples, as shown in Fig. 1-4.
Embodiment 1
The biography biological control of diseases matrix of the present embodiment is inoculated into seedling medium by biocontrol bacteria in soil-borne diseases agent and formed, described to pass disease
The biocontrol bacteria in soil-borne diseases agent number living bacteria count of evil biological control matrix for 5,000,000/gram；
The seedling medium includes the component of following percentage by weight：
Organic fertilizer 79.5%
Water 20%
Binding agent 0.5%
Wherein, the binding agent is hydroxymethyl cellulose.
The biocontrol bacteria in soil-borne diseases agent presses quantity ratio 3 by bacillus amyloliquefaciens B6 and bacillus pumilus FE05:1
Ratio is constituted；
The animal wastes that the organic fertilizer is handled by turf and by fermentation are constituted, the turf and moving for handling by fermentation
The weight ratio of thing excrement is 3:1, the turf is Liaoning turf, and the animal wastes are Part of Qinghai Plateau sheep manure；
The fermentation process comprises the following steps：
（1）Water content is adjusted：The water content of animal wastes is adjusted to 60wt%；
（2）Add organic decomposing agent：Organic decomposing agent is added toward the animal wastes that water content has been adjusted and is mixed, it is described to have
The addition of machine decomposing agent is the 0.06wt% for the animal wastes that water content has been adjusted；
（3）High-temperature sterilization：The temperature of animal wastes is set to maintain 55 DEG C, temperature using the reaction heat of organic decomposing agent and animal wastes
Degree was held time as 25 days.
The preparation method of the soil-borne disease biological control matrix of the present embodiment, comprises the following steps：
（1）Biocontrol bacteria in soil-borne diseases agent is inoculated into organic fertilizer；
（2）Organic fertilizer after inoculation, water and bonding agent are well mixed and 10 centimetres of diameter, high 5 centimetres of circle is pressed into
Post, the top center of cylinder extrudes the seed trough of 2 centimetres of diameter, 1.5 centimetres of a depth, for putting watermelon seed；
The application method of the soil-borne disease biological control matrix of the present embodiment, comprises the following steps：
（1）Digged pit in sowing, the soil-borne disease biological control matrix is put into hole；
（2）Seed is put into the soil-borne disease biological control matrix seed trough, then watered, earthing, epiphragma.
Embodiment 2
The present embodiment and the difference of embodiment 1 are：
The biocontrol bacteria in soil-borne diseases agent number living bacteria count for passing biological control of diseases matrix for 6,000,000/gram
The seedling medium includes the component of following percentage by weight：
Organic fertilizer 69%
Water 30%
Binding agent 1%.
The fermentation process comprises the following steps：
（1）Water content is adjusted：The water content of animal wastes is adjusted to 50wt%；
（2）Add organic decomposing agent：Organic decomposing agent is added toward the animal wastes that water content has been adjusted and is mixed, it is described to have
The addition of machine decomposing agent is the 0.02wt% for the animal wastes that water content has been adjusted；
（3）High-temperature sterilization：The temperature of animal wastes is set to maintain 50 DEG C, temperature using the reaction heat of organic decomposing agent and animal wastes
Degree was held time as 30 days.
Remaining content of the present embodiment is same as Example 1, repeats no more here.
Embodiment 3
The present embodiment and the difference of embodiment 1 are：
The biocontrol bacteria in soil-borne diseases agent number living bacteria count for passing biological control of diseases matrix for 8,000,000/gram
The seedling medium includes the component of following percentage by weight：
Organic fertilizer 89.9%
Water 10%
Binding agent 0.1%.
The fermentation process comprises the following steps：
（1）Water content is adjusted：The water content of animal wastes is adjusted to 70wt%；
（2）Add organic decomposing agent：Organic decomposing agent is added toward the animal wastes that water content has been adjusted and is mixed, it is described to have
The addition of machine decomposing agent is the 0.1wt% for the animal wastes that water content has been adjusted；
（3）High-temperature sterilization：The temperature of animal wastes is set to maintain 60 DEG C, temperature using the reaction heat of organic decomposing agent and animal wastes
Degree was held time as 20 days.
Remaining content of the present embodiment is same as Example 1, repeats no more here.
Embodiment 4
The present embodiment and the difference of embodiment 1 are：
The biocontrol bacteria in soil-borne diseases agent number living bacteria count for passing biological control of diseases matrix for 10,000,000/gram
The biocontrol bacteria in soil-borne diseases agent presses quantity ratio 5 by bacillus amyloliquefaciens B6 and bacillus pumilus FE05:1 ratio
Composition.
The turf and the weight ratio of the animal wastes handled by fermentation are 5:1.
Remaining content of the present embodiment is same as Example 1, repeats no more here.
Embodiment 5
The present embodiment and the difference of embodiment 1 are：
The biocontrol bacteria in soil-borne diseases agent number living bacteria count for passing biological control of diseases matrix for 12,000,000/gram
The biocontrol bacteria in soil-borne diseases agent presses quantity ratio 1 by bacillus amyloliquefaciens B6 and bacillus pumilus FE05:1 ratio
Composition.
The turf and the weight ratio of the animal wastes handled by fermentation are 1:1.
Remaining content of the present embodiment is same as Example 1, repeats no more here.
Embodiment 6
The present embodiment and the difference of embodiment 1 are：
The biocontrol bacteria in soil-borne diseases agent number living bacteria count for passing biological control of diseases matrix for 30,000,000/gram
The seedling medium includes the component of following percentage by weight：
Organic fertilizer 83.5%
Water 15.8%
Binding agent 0.7%
The biocontrol bacteria in soil-borne diseases agent presses quantity ratio 4 by bacillus amyloliquefaciens B6 and bacillus pumilus FE05:1 ratio
Composition.
The turf and the weight ratio of the animal wastes handled by fermentation are 4:1, the animal wastes are cow dung.
The binding agent is attapulgite.
Remaining content of the present embodiment is same as Example 1, repeats no more here.
Embodiment 7
The present embodiment and the difference of embodiment 1 are：
The biocontrol bacteria in soil-borne diseases agent number living bacteria count for passing biological control of diseases matrix for 40,000,000/gram
The seedling medium includes the component of following percentage by weight：
Organic fertilizer 75.5%
Water 24.2%
Binding agent 0.3%
The biocontrol bacteria in soil-borne diseases agent presses quantity ratio 2 by bacillus amyloliquefaciens B6 and bacillus pumilus FE05:1 ratio
Composition.
The turf and the weight ratio of the animal wastes handled by fermentation are 2:1, the animal wastes are pig manure.
The binding agent is by hydroxymethyl cellulose and attapulgite by weight 1:1 ratio composition.
Remaining content of the present embodiment is same as Example 1, repeats no more here.
Embodiment 8
The biography biological control of diseases matrix of the present embodiment is inoculated into seedling medium by biocontrol bacteria in soil-borne diseases agent and formed, described to pass disease
The biocontrol bacteria in soil-borne diseases agent number living bacteria count of evil biological control matrix for 60,000,000/gram；
The seedling medium includes the component of following percentage by weight：
Organic fertilizer 70%
Water 29.9%
Binding agent 0.1%
Wherein, the binding agent is hydroxymethyl cellulose.
The biocontrol bacteria in soil-borne diseases agent presses quantity ratio 3.5 by bacillus amyloliquefaciens B6 and bacillus pumilus FE05:1
Ratio composition；
The animal wastes that the organic fertilizer is handled by turf and by fermentation are constituted, the turf and moving for handling by fermentation
The weight ratio of thing excrement is 2.5:1, the turf is Liaoning turf, and the animal wastes are Part of Qinghai Plateau sheep manure；
The fermentation process comprises the following steps：
（1）Water content is adjusted：The water content of animal wastes is adjusted to 55wt%；
（2）Add organic decomposing agent：Organic decomposing agent is added toward the animal wastes that water content has been adjusted and is mixed, it is described to have
The addition of machine decomposing agent is the 0.04wt% for the animal wastes that water content has been adjusted；
（3）High-temperature sterilization：The temperature of animal wastes is set to maintain 53 DEG C, temperature using the reaction heat of organic decomposing agent and animal wastes
Degree was held time as 27 days.
The preparation method of the soil-borne disease biological control matrix of the present embodiment, comprises the following steps：
（1）Biocontrol bacteria in soil-borne diseases agent is inoculated into organic fertilizer；
（2）Organic fertilizer after inoculation, water and bonding agent are pressed into 5 centimetres of diameter, high 1 centimetre of cylinder, the top of cylinder
End center extrudes the seed trough of 1 centimetre of diameter, 1 centimetre of a depth, for putting watermelon seed.
The application method of the soil-borne disease biological control matrix of the present embodiment is same as Example 1, repeats no more here.
Embodiment 9
The biography biological control of diseases matrix of the present embodiment is inoculated into seedling medium by biocontrol bacteria in soil-borne diseases agent and formed, described to pass disease
The biocontrol bacteria in soil-borne diseases agent number living bacteria count of evil biological control matrix for 80,000,000/gram；
The seedling medium includes the component of following percentage by weight：
Organic fertilizer 90%
Water 9.8%
Binding agent 0.2%
Wherein, the binding agent is by hydroxymethyl cellulose and attapulgite by weight 2:1 ratio composition.
The biocontrol bacteria in soil-borne diseases agent presses quantity ratio 4.5 by bacillus amyloliquefaciens B6 and bacillus pumilus FE05:1
Ratio composition；
The animal wastes that the organic fertilizer is handled by turf and by fermentation are constituted, the turf and moving for handling by fermentation
The weight ratio of thing excrement is 1.5:1, the turf is Liaoning turf, and the animal wastes are Part of Qinghai Plateau sheep manure；
The fermentation process comprises the following steps：
（1）Water content is adjusted：The water content of animal wastes is adjusted to 65wt%；
（2）Add organic decomposing agent：Organic decomposing agent is added toward the animal wastes that water content has been adjusted and is mixed, it is described to have
The addition of machine decomposing agent is the 0.08wt% for the animal wastes that water content has been adjusted；
（3）High-temperature sterilization：The temperature of animal wastes is set to maintain 58 DEG C, temperature using the reaction heat of organic decomposing agent and animal wastes
Degree was held time as 22 days.
The preparation method of the soil-borne disease biological control matrix of the present embodiment, comprises the following steps：
（1）Biocontrol bacteria in soil-borne diseases agent is inoculated into organic fertilizer；
（2）Organic fertilizer after inoculation, water and bonding agent are well mixed and 15 centimetres of diameter, high 9 centimetres of circle is pressed into
Post, the top center of cylinder extrudes the seed trough of 3 centimetres of diameter, 2 centimetres of a depth, for putting watermelon seed.
The application method of the soil-borne disease biological control matrix of the present embodiment is same as Example 1, repeats no more here.
Embodiment 10
The biography biological control of diseases matrix of the present embodiment is inoculated into seedling medium by biocontrol bacteria in soil-borne diseases agent and formed, described to pass disease
The biocontrol bacteria in soil-borne diseases agent number living bacteria count of evil biological control matrix for 100,000,000/gram；
The seedling medium includes the component of following percentage by weight：
Organic fertilizer 65%
Water 34.4%
Binding agent 0.6%
Wherein, the binding agent is hydroxymethyl cellulose.
The biocontrol bacteria in soil-borne diseases agent presses quantity ratio 3.5 by bacillus amyloliquefaciens B6 and bacillus pumilus FE05:1
Ratio composition；
The animal wastes that the organic fertilizer is handled by turf and by fermentation are constituted, the turf and moving for handling by fermentation
The weight ratio of thing excrement is 4:1, the turf is Liaoning turf, and the animal wastes are Part of Qinghai Plateau sheep manure；
The fermentation process comprises the following steps：
（1）Water content is adjusted：The water content of animal wastes is adjusted to 66wt%；
（2）Add organic decomposing agent：Organic decomposing agent is added toward the animal wastes that water content has been adjusted and is mixed, it is described to have
The addition of machine decomposing agent is the 0.05wt% for the animal wastes that water content has been adjusted；
（3）High-temperature sterilization：The temperature of animal wastes is set to maintain 54 DEG C, temperature using the reaction heat of organic decomposing agent and animal wastes
Degree was held time as 26 days.
The preparation method of the soil-borne disease biological control matrix of the present embodiment, comprises the following steps：
（1）Biocontrol bacteria in soil-borne diseases agent is inoculated into organic fertilizer；
（2）Organic fertilizer after inoculation, water and bonding agent are well mixed and 12 centimetres of diameter, high 7 centimetres of circle is pressed into
Post, the top center of cylinder extrudes the seed trough of 2.5 centimetres of diameter, 1.8 centimetres of a depth, for putting watermelon seed.
The application method of the soil-borne disease biological control matrix of the present embodiment is same as Example 1, repeats no more here.
Embodiment 11
The biography biological control of diseases matrix of the present embodiment is inoculated into seedling medium by biocontrol bacteria in soil-borne diseases agent and formed, described to pass disease
The biocontrol bacteria in soil-borne diseases agent number living bacteria count of evil biological control matrix for 1.2 hundred million/gram；
The seedling medium includes the component of following percentage by weight：
Organic fertilizer 72%
Water 27.6%
Binding agent 0.4%
Wherein, the binding agent is by hydroxymethyl cellulose and attapulgite by weight 3:1 ratio composition.
The biocontrol bacteria in soil-borne diseases agent presses quantity ratio 1.5 by bacillus amyloliquefaciens B6 and bacillus pumilus FE05:1
Ratio composition；
The animal wastes that the organic fertilizer is handled by turf and by fermentation are constituted, the turf and moving for handling by fermentation
The weight ratio of thing excrement is 2:1, the turf is Liaoning turf, and the animal wastes are Part of Qinghai Plateau sheep manure；
The fermentation process comprises the following steps：
（1）Water content is adjusted：The water content of animal wastes is adjusted to 58wt%；
（2）Add organic decomposing agent：Organic decomposing agent is added toward the animal wastes that water content has been adjusted and is mixed, it is described to have
The addition of machine decomposing agent is the 0.07wt% for the animal wastes that water content has been adjusted；
（3）High-temperature sterilization：The temperature of animal wastes is set to maintain 56 DEG C, temperature using the reaction heat of organic decomposing agent and animal wastes
Degree was held time as 24 days.
The preparation method of the soil-borne disease biological control matrix of the present embodiment, comprises the following steps：
（1）Biocontrol bacteria in soil-borne diseases agent is inoculated into organic fertilizer；
（2）Organic fertilizer after inoculation, water and bonding agent are well mixed and 7 centimetres of diameter, high 3 centimetres of circle is pressed into
Post, the top center of cylinder extrudes the seed trough of 1.2 centimetres of diameter, 1.1 centimetres of a depth, for putting watermelon seed.
The application method of the soil-borne disease biological control matrix of the present embodiment is same as Example 1, repeats no more here.
Embodiment 12
The biography biological control of diseases matrix of the present embodiment is inoculated into seedling medium by biocontrol bacteria in soil-borne diseases agent and formed, described to pass disease
The biocontrol bacteria in soil-borne diseases agent number living bacteria count of evil biological control matrix for 1.5 hundred million/gram；
The seedling medium includes the component of following percentage by weight：
Organic fertilizer 99.2%
Binding agent 0.8%
Wherein, the binding agent is by hydroxymethyl cellulose and attapulgite by weight 1：2 ratio composition.
The biocontrol bacteria in soil-borne diseases agent presses quantity ratio 2.8 by bacillus amyloliquefaciens B6 and bacillus pumilus FE05:1
Ratio composition；
The animal wastes that the organic fertilizer is handled by turf and by fermentation are constituted, the turf and moving for handling by fermentation
The weight ratio of thing excrement is 3.6:1, the turf is Liaoning turf, and the animal wastes are Part of Qinghai Plateau sheep manure；
The fermentation process comprises the following steps：
（1）Water content is adjusted：The water content of animal wastes is adjusted to 53wt%；
（2）Add organic decomposing agent：Organic decomposing agent is added toward the animal wastes that water content has been adjusted and is mixed, it is described to have
The addition of machine decomposing agent is the 0.09wt% for the animal wastes that water content has been adjusted；
（3）High-temperature sterilization：The temperature of animal wastes is set to maintain 53.9 DEG C using the reaction heat of organic decomposing agent and animal wastes,
Temperature holding time is 26 days.
The preparation method of the soil-borne disease biological control matrix of the present embodiment, comprises the following steps：
（1）Biocontrol bacteria in soil-borne diseases agent is inoculated into organic fertilizer；
（2）Organic fertilizer after inoculation, water and bonding agent are well mixed and 8.8 centimetres of diameter is pressed into, high 2.4 centimetres
Cylinder, the top center of cylinder extrudes the seed trough of 1.6 centimetres of diameter, 1.6 centimetres of a depth, for putting watermelon seed.
The application method of the soil-borne disease biological control matrix of the present embodiment is same as Example 1, repeats no more here.
Embodiment 13
The biography biological control of diseases matrix of the present embodiment is inoculated into seedling medium by biocontrol bacteria in soil-borne diseases agent and formed, described to pass disease
The biocontrol bacteria in soil-borne diseases agent number living bacteria count of evil biological control matrix for 1.8 hundred million/gram；
The seedling medium includes the component of following percentage by weight：
Organic fertilizer 80%
Water 20%
The biocontrol bacteria in soil-borne diseases agent presses quantity ratio 1.8 by bacillus amyloliquefaciens B6 and bacillus pumilus FE05:1 ratio
Example composition；
The animal wastes that the organic fertilizer is handled by turf and by fermentation are constituted, the turf and moving for handling by fermentation
The weight ratio of thing excrement is 2.8:1, the turf is Liaoning turf, and the animal wastes are Part of Qinghai Plateau sheep manure；
The fermentation process comprises the following steps：
（1）Water content is adjusted：The water content of animal wastes is adjusted to 66.6wt%；
（2）Add organic decomposing agent：Organic decomposing agent is added toward the animal wastes that water content has been adjusted and is mixed, it is described to have
The addition of machine decomposing agent is the 0.03wt% for the animal wastes that water content has been adjusted；
（3）High-temperature sterilization：The temperature of animal wastes is set to maintain 51.2 DEG C using the reaction heat of organic decomposing agent and animal wastes,
Temperature holding time is 21 days.
The preparation method of the soil-borne disease biological control matrix is that biocontrol bacteria in soil-borne diseases agent is inoculated into organic fertilizer
In；
The application method of the soil-borne disease biological control matrix comprises the following steps：
（1）Digged pit in sowing, the soil-borne disease biological control matrix is put into hole；
（2）Seed is put into the soil-borne disease biological control stromal surface, then watered, earthing, epiphragma.The present embodiment
The application method of soil-borne disease biological control matrix is same as Example 1, repeats no more here.
Embodiment 14
The present embodiment and the difference of embodiment 1 are：
The seedling medium is organic fertilizer；The organic fertilizer is by Liaoning turf and the good Qinghai of commercially available fermentation process
Plateau mountain sheep manure is by weight 3:1 ratio composition.
The preparation method of the soil-borne disease biological control matrix is that biocontrol bacteria in soil-borne diseases agent is inoculated into organic fertilizer
In, the biocontrol bacteria in soil-borne diseases agent number living bacteria count for passing biological control of diseases matrix for 200,000,000/gram；
The application method of the soil-borne disease biological control matrix comprises the following steps：
（1）Digged pit in sowing, the soil-borne disease biological control matrix is put into hole；
（2）Seed is put into the soil-borne disease biological control stromal surface, then watered, earthing, epiphragma.
Comparative example 1
The difference of this comparative example and embodiment 1 is：
The seedling medium is handled without inoculation.
The preparation method of the seedling medium is to be well mixed organic fertilizer, water and bonding agent and be pressed into 10 lis of diameter
Rice, high 5 centimetres of cylinder, the top center of cylinder extrudes the seed trough of 2 centimetres of diameter, 1.5 centimetres of a depth, for putting watermelon seed
Son is used；
The application method of the seedling medium of this comparative example, comprises the following steps：
（1）Digged pit in sowing, the soil-borne disease biological control matrix is put into hole；
（2）Seed is put into the soil-borne disease biological control matrix seed trough, then watered, earthing, epiphragma.
Comparative example 2
The difference of this comparative example and embodiment 1 is：
The seedling medium is made up of the raw material of following weight fraction：
Corn flour 33%
Rice meal 33%
Wheat bran 33%
Hydroxymethyl cellulose 1%.
Applicant once makes field test in Zhongweiof Ningxia, northwest China Fragrance Hill of watermelon dedicated substrate, and melonry is the ground of continuous cropping 10 years
Block, there is serious soil-borne disease.Variety of watermelon is golden city 5 and the glad kind in capital, 50 mu of the test area of each embodiment, each
The test area of reference examples is 50 mu, the statistics incidence of disease and sugar content before watermelon harvesting, detected at once after harvesting yellowish pink meat with
And the shelf-life in traditional frost, obtain following table data：
Golden No. 5 embodiment 1-8 in city watermelon is yellowish pink scarlet uniform, and seed is dark brown, and water juice enriches in melon, and sweet tasty, melon pulp is tight
Real tender crisp, chewing mouthfeel is beautiful；And comparative example 1-2 watermelon color and luster is pink, seed is light brown, sour-sweet, and flesh is husky, and meat is soft.
The glad embodiment 1-8 in capital watermelon is yellowish pink scarlet uniform, and seed is dark brown, and melon pulp juice is more, and pulp is fresh and tender, and consolidation is sweet,
Delicious meat, and comparative example 1-2 watermelon is sour-sweet, flesh is husky, and meat is soft.
Detected more than it is known that the application pass biological control of diseases matrix be used for it is close with the ground environment such as Ningxia
During soil, the soil-borne disease of watermelon can be effectively prevented, the case fatality rate of watermelon is greatly reduced, it is relative without microbial control
Comparative example 1 for, case fatality rate can reduce more than 10%, and improve sugariness of water-melon to a certain extent, and yellowish pink and meat
Matter is significantly improved, and the shelf-life is also extended.
Finally it should be noted that the above embodiments are merely illustrative of the technical solutions of the present invention, rather than to present invention guarantor
The limitation of scope is protected, although being explained with reference to preferred embodiment to the present invention, one of ordinary skill in the art should
Work as understanding, technical scheme can be modified or equivalent substitution, without departing from the reality of technical solution of the present invention
Matter and scope.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of biocontrol bacteria in soil-borne diseases agent, it is characterised in that：By bacillus amyloliquefaciens B6 and bacillus pumilus FE05 groups
Into；
The depositary institution of the bacillus amyloliquefaciens B6：China typical culture collection center（CCTCC）, deposit number
CCTCCM 2016621；
The depositary institution of the bacillus pumilus FE05：China typical culture collection center（CCTCC）, deposit number
CCTCCM 2016624。
2. a kind of biocontrol bacteria in soil-borne diseases agent according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：The bacillus amyloliquefaciens B6
Quantity ratio with bacillus pumilus FE05 is 5:1-1:1.
3. a kind of soil-borne disease biological control matrix, it is characterised in that：As a kind of soil-borne disease life described in claim 1 or 2
Anti- microbial inoculum is inoculated into seedling medium and formed, effective viable bacteria of the biocontrol bacteria in soil-borne diseases agent of the soil-borne disease biological control matrix
Number be more than or equal to 5,000,000/gram；
The seedling medium includes the component of following percentage by weight：
Organic fertilizer 55%-100%
Water 0%-35%
Binding agent 0%-10%
Wherein, the binding agent is hydroxymethyl cellulose and/or attapulgite.
4. a kind of soil-borne disease biological control matrix according to claim 3, it is characterised in that：
The seedling medium includes the component of following percentage by weight：
Organic fertilizer 62-89%
Water 10-30%
Binding agent 1-8%.
5. a kind of soil-borne disease biological control matrix according to claim 3, it is characterised in that：The soil-borne disease is biological
Prevent and treat matrix biocontrol bacteria in soil-borne diseases agent living bacteria count for 5,000,000/grams -2 hundred million/gram.
6. a kind of soil-borne disease biological control matrix according to claim 3, it is characterised in that：The organic fertilizer is grass
At least one of charcoal, animal wastes.
7. a kind of soil-borne disease biological control matrix according to claim 6, it is characterised in that：The organic fertilizer is by grass
The weight ratio of charcoal and the sheep manure composition handled by fermentation, the turf and the sheep manure handled by fermentation is 1-5:1.
8. a kind of soil-borne disease biological control matrix according to claim 3, it is characterised in that：The binding agent is by hydroxyl first
Base cellulose and attapulgite are by weight 5:1-1:5 compositions.
9. a kind of preparation method of soil-borne disease biological control matrix described in claim 3, it is characterised in that：Including following step
Suddenly：
（1）Biocontrol bacteria in soil-borne diseases agent is inoculated into organic fertilizer；
（2）Organic fertilizer after inoculation, water and bonding agent are well mixed and required shape is pressed into.
10. a kind of application method of soil-borne disease biological control matrix described in claim 9, it is characterised in that：Including as follows
Step：
（1）Digged pit in sowing, the soil-borne disease biological control matrix is put into hole；
（2）Seed is put into the soil-borne disease biological control stromal surface, then watered, earthing, epiphragma.
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