CN103245619A - Nondestructive testing method for maturity level of organic flue-cured tobacco leaves at late growth stage - Google Patents
Nondestructive testing method for maturity level of organic flue-cured tobacco leaves at late growth stage Download PDFInfo
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- CN103245619A CN103245619A CN2013101956959A CN201310195695A CN103245619A CN 103245619 A CN103245619 A CN 103245619A CN 2013101956959 A CN2013101956959 A CN 2013101956959A CN 201310195695 A CN201310195695 A CN 201310195695A CN 103245619 A CN103245619 A CN 103245619A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a nondestructive testing method for the maturity level of organic flue-cured tobacco leaves at the late growth stage, which comprises the following steps: before organic tobacco leaves are mature and harvested, randomly selecting 20 strains of tobaccos from tobacco fields in which the transplanting periods and cultivation and management measures are consistent; respectively determining the SPAD average value of 1-6 leaves by using a chlorophyll meter, wherein the larger the SPAD average value is, the poor the maturity level is; when the average value is greater than 32, determining that the tobacco leaves are under-mature or immature; when the average value is 27-32, determining that the tobacco leaves are passably mature; when the average value is 20-27, determining that the tobacco leaves are mature or rightly mature; when the average value is 14-20, determining that the tobacco leaves are completely mature; and when the average value is less than 14, determining that the tobacco leaves are over-mature. The method disclosed by the invention is clear in indexes, has objective judgment indexes, and can quantify the maturity level, and therefore, the loss caused by visual errors is reduced, and the method is easy to operate and master. When the flue-cured tobacco planting is guided by using the method, the tobacco leaves are uniform in color and good in color scale, and the integrated quality of the tobacco leaves is improved. The method is applicable to the tobacco planting.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to by the method for utilizing the change color detection material, particularly the detection method of organic flue-cured tobacco growth later stage tobacco leaf maturity.
Background technology
In 20 end of the centurys, global anti-smoking campaign grows to even greater heights, and international cigarette market presents to the trend of low tar, low nicotine and the development of low harm cigarette.Under this background, early 1990s has proposed the concept of organic tobacco leaf abroad, and calendar year 2001, Science and Education Department of State Tobacco Monopoly Bureau proposed to carry out the research and development of " nuisanceless " tobacco leaf.2008, Yunnan, Guizhou began to attempt the organic tobacco leaf of plantation.2009, Yunnan, the organic tobacco leaf planting of Guizhou part zone obtained organic authentication.Yunnan issue " organic tobacco leaf " provincial standard in 2010.Present organic leaf tobacco production state mainly contains the U.S., Canada, Brazil, Germany etc.
Now, organic cigarette production is at (CN101779593 A, a kind of method for culturing seedlings of organic cigarette seedling of growing seedlings, China) and culture facility (CN202197608 U, organic tobacco leaf floating seedlings dish, China), cultivation management (CN102812832 A, a kind of cultural method of organic flue-cured tobacco, China; CN 102093095 A, a kind of organic tobacco leaf bio-organic fertilizer special and preparation method thereof, China; CN102630478 A, a kind of organic tobacco field planting and field management method, China; US74750809A, ANTAGONISTIC BACTERIA FOR PREVENTING AND ELIMINATING THE BACTERIAL WILT OF CONTINUOUS CROPPING TOBACCO AND THEIR MICROBIAL ORGANIC FERTILIZER, the U.S.), baking (CN102640977 A, a kind of baking method that can effectively keep organic quality of tobacco, China; CN102823933 A, a kind of baking of flue-cured tobacco method of organic tobacco leaf, China) etc. the aspect corresponding technical scheme is all arranged.Degree of ripeness is the core of quality of tobacco, and the field harvest maturity is the basis of flue-cured tobacco degree of ripeness.But the judgement of the organic tobacco leaf maturity of China at present remains and is based upon on the conventional flue-cured tobacco standard.What maturity of organic tobacco leaf is adopted and is baked actually, does not but have clear and definite index and assay method.Accurately judging the degree of ripeness degree of organic tobacco leaf, grasp appropriate gathering period, is the active demand of organic leaf tobacco production development.
The patent that relates to the detection of tobacco leaf maturity in the Chinese patent database only has CN202110131U number " tobacco leaf degree of ripeness pick-up unit " and CN102323221A number " tobacco leaf degree of ripeness detection method and pick-up unit " two, disclosed detection method and device, it is the image that collecting unit obtains tobacco leaf to be detected, and this image handled to set up or be converted to the image of hsv color pattern, and obtain H, the S color component value of image; Go out the degree of ripeness grade MD of tobacco leaf to be detected according to given calculated with mathematical model.Be not difficult to find out that this method need be drawn great amount of images, workload is big, and still has the collimation error.
Summary of the invention
The lossless detection method that the purpose of this invention is to provide a kind of organic flue-cured tobacco growth later stage tobacco leaf maturity, utilize SPAD502 chlorophyll instrument to measure organic flue-cured tobacco ripening period chlorophyll degradation degree and content thereof, judge the tobacco leaf maturity, quantize harvest maturity, clear and definite tobacco leaf degree of ripeness criteria for classification.
To achieve these goals, the detection method that provides of inventor is:
Before organic tobacco leaf maturation is gathered, from the transplanting phase vega consistent with the cultivation management measure, select 20 strain cigarettes at random, measure the SPAD value of 1～6 on bottom leaf from the bottom up respectively with the chlorophyll instrument, obtain chlorophyll content mean value; SPAD mean value is more big, and degree of ripeness is more poor; When organic tobacco leaf SPAD mean value of measuring greater than 32 the time, then defining this tobacco leaf is undercure or underdone; When organic tobacco leaf SPAD mean value of measuring 27～32 the time, then define this tobacco leaf for still ripe; When organic tobacco leaf SPAD mean value of measuring 20～27 the time, then defining this tobacco leaf is maturation or proper mature (ripe); When organic tobacco leaf SPAD mean value of measuring 14～20 the time, then defining this tobacco leaf is complete ripeness; When organic tobacco leaf SPAD mean value of measuring less than 14 the time, it is overdone then defining this tobacco leaf.SPAD mean value is more little, and the overdone degree of tobacco leaf is more serious.
The inventor finds in practice: the mean value of different maturity tobacco leaf SPAD of organic tobacco leaf maturity stage is littler by 2～3 than general planting flue-cured tobacco SPAD value.The inventor draws the empirical data of above-mentioned SPAD mean value according to long-term practice.
In the said determination operation, every leaf should select to survey 6 points, and namely the leaf tip of master pulse both sides, middle part and leaf base apart from limb edge 1～2 cm, are avoided blade master offshoot, get the mean value of its mensuration then; When organic tobacco leaf SPAD mean value of measuring was between 20～27, the quality of tobacco of gathering was preferable.
Useful technique effect of the present invention is to have solved in the ripe recovery process of organic flue-cured tobacco to never have clear and definite index and the difficult problem of assay method, the index of the inventive method is clear and definite, has objective judge index, can quantize degree of ripeness, reduced the loss that causes because of people's collimation error, and operated easily and grasp.Simultaneously, this method is conducive to organic flue-cured tobacco degree of ripeness classification for research work provides a kind of thinking.Adopt this law to instruct organic flue-cured tobacco to gather, tobacco leaf color is even, and colourity is good, and integrated quality improves.Be applicable to the tobacco planting industry.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is chlorophyll instrument clamping tobacco leaf site synoptic diagram, and wherein stain is bite.
Fig. 2 is SPAD value and organic tobacco leaf maturity graph of a relation, and wherein, transverse axis is represented the SPAD value, and α represents overdone organic tobacco leaf, and β represents the organic tobacco leaf of complete ripeness, and γ represents the organic tobacco leaf of proper mature (ripe), and δ represents ripe organic tobacco leaf still, and ε represents undercure and underdone organic tobacco leaf.
Embodiment
Embodiment 1
Carrying out organic baking of flue-cured tobacco in Fuquan City, Guizhou Province tobacco research institute barn base in 2012 tests, in order accurately to determine organic tobacco leaf maturity, clear and definite tobacco leaf ripeness standard, in the transplanting phase vega consistent with the cultivation management measure, select 20 strain cigarettes at random, measure 1～6 chlorophyll content of bottom leaf (SPAD value) mean value from the bottom up respectively with the chlorophyll instrument.Every leaf should select to survey 6 points, and namely the leaf tip of master pulse both sides, middle part and leaf base apart from limb edge 1～2 cm, are avoided blade master offshoot, get the mean value of its mensuration then.For the first time recording data is: the 1st leaf 27.5, the 2 leaves 29.6, the 3 leaves 31.9.The tobacco leaf undercure is not so 4～6 leaves are proceeded to measure.After crossing week age, record data and be the second time: the 1st leaf 23.3, the 2 leaves 24.1, the 3 leaves 25.5, the 4 leaves 27.3, the 5 leaves 28.6, the 6 leaves 30.4.At this moment, 1～3 leaf of gathering toasts.Adopt bake mode in contrast with the organic tobacco leaf degree of ripeness of routine, the result shows, adopts the method to carry out organic tobacco leaf of picking and roasting, and the first-class cigarette of cured tobacco leaf increases by 6.18%, the jealous obvious raising of tobacco incense.
Embodiment 2
Carrying out organic baking of flue-cured tobacco in Fuquan City, Guizhou Province tobacco research institute barn base in 2012 tests.In organic tobacco leaf of gathering with the conventional ripening degree, in order accurately to determine organic tobacco leaf maturity, measure chlorophyll content in leaf blades (SPAD value) mean value respectively with the chlorophyll instrument.Every leaf should select to survey 6 points, and namely the leaf tip of master pulse both sides, middle part and leaf base apart from limb edge 1～2 cm, are avoided blade master offshoot, get the mean value of its mensuration then.According to organic tobacco leaf degree of ripeness criteria for classifying: when organic tobacco leaf SPAD mean value of measuring greater than 32 the time, then defining this tobacco leaf is undercure or underdone; When organic tobacco leaf SPAD mean value of measuring 27～32 the time, then define this tobacco leaf for still ripe; When organic tobacco leaf SPAD mean value of measuring 20～27 the time, then define this tobacco leaf for ripe; When organic tobacco leaf SPAD mean value of measuring 14～20 the time, then defining this tobacco leaf is complete ripeness; When organic tobacco leaf SPAD mean value of measuring less than 14 the time, it is overdone then defining this tobacco leaf.Organic tobacco leaf is divided into undercure, ripe, ripe, complete ripeness, overdone still, and every class tobacco leaf is at 100～150, classification dress cigarette.Become the ripe degree of organic tobacco leaf to adopt bake mode in contrast with routine, the result shows, adopts this method to carry out organic tobacco leaf of picking and roasting, and the first-class cigarette of cured tobacco leaf increases by 8.12%, the jealous obvious raising of tobacco incense.
Embodiment 3
Carrying out the organic tobacco flue-curing of flue-cured tobacco electric dry oven in barn base, Guizhou Province Tabacco Science and Technology Institute in 2012 tests.Adopt bake mode in contrast with the organic tobacco leaf maturation of routine, baked test is carried out in vanning separately.The degree of ripeness standard of dividing with the chlorophyll instrument, according to the degree of ripeness baking of casing, repetition is more than 3 times.Organic tobacco leaf 19.49% that conventional method is gathered is first-class cigarette, and the organic tobacco leaf 25.12% that carries out picking and roasting with this law is first-class cigarette.The result shows, gathers with the organic cigarette maturation of routine and compares, and according to the tobacco leaf of chlorophyll instrument degree of ripeness criteria for classifying classification baking, first-class cigarette improves 5.63%, and the tobacco leaf presentation quality improves, and oeverall quality obviously improves.
Claims (2)
1. the lossless detection method of an organic flue-cured tobacco growth later stage tobacco leaf maturity, it is characterized in that: before organic tobacco leaf maturation is gathered, from the transplanting phase vega consistent with the cultivation management measure, select 20 strain cigarettes at random, measure the SPAD value of 1～6 on bottom leaf from the bottom up respectively with the chlorophyll instrument, obtain chlorophyll content mean value; SPAD mean value is more big, and degree of ripeness is more poor; When organic tobacco leaf SPAD mean value of measuring greater than 32 the time, then defining this tobacco leaf is undercure or underdone; When organic tobacco leaf SPAD mean value of measuring 27～32 the time, then define this tobacco leaf for still ripe; When organic tobacco leaf SPAD mean value of measuring 20～27 the time, then defining this tobacco leaf is maturation or proper mature (ripe); When organic tobacco leaf SPAD mean value of measuring 14～20 the time, then defining this tobacco leaf is complete ripeness; When organic tobacco leaf SPAD mean value of measuring less than 14 the time, it is overdone then defining this tobacco leaf.
2. the method for claim 1 is characterized in that in the measurement operation, and every leaf is selected to survey 6 points, and namely the leaf tip of master pulse both sides, middle part and leaf base apart from limb edge 1～2 cm, are avoided blade master offshoot, gets it then and measures mean value; When organic tobacco leaf SPAD mean value of measuring was between 20～27, the quality of tobacco of gathering was preferable.
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Cited By (13)
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| CN103499526A (en) * | 2013-09-29 | 2014-01-08 | 贵州省烟草科学研究院 | Method for judging tobacco leaf yellowing degree and baking progress in tobacco backing and yellowing stage |
| CN104568771A (en) * | 2014-12-21 | 2015-04-29 | 云南省烟草公司昆明市公司 | Economical, portable and efficient grading method for maturity of fresh tobacco leaves of flue-cured tobaccos |
| CN105675540A (en) * | 2016-01-15 | 2016-06-15 | 中国农业科学院茶叶研究所 | Rapid nondestructive determination method of aluminum content of fresh tea leaves |
| CN106501185A (en) * | 2016-10-31 | 2017-03-15 | 云南省烟草农业科学研究院 | A kind of method for rapidly judging of ripe cured tobacco leaf |
| CN109827957A (en) * | 2018-12-17 | 2019-05-31 | 南京邮电大学 | A kind of rice leaf SPAD value estimating and measuring method based on computer vision and system |
| CN109900755A (en) * | 2019-04-25 | 2019-06-18 | 云南中烟工业有限责任公司 | A kind of detection method of fresh tobacco leaves oil |
| CN109916969A (en) * | 2019-04-25 | 2019-06-21 | 云南中烟工业有限责任公司 | A kind of fast non-destructive detection method of the fresh tobacco leaves alkaloid based on capacitor |
| CN109916971A (en) * | 2019-04-25 | 2019-06-21 | 云南中烟工业有限责任公司 | A kind of fast non-destructive detection method of the fresh tobacco leaves moisture based on capacitor |
| CN109916970A (en) * | 2019-04-25 | 2019-06-21 | 云南中烟工业有限责任公司 | A kind of fast non-destructive detection method of the fresh tobacco leaves ash content based on capacitor |
| CN109946343A (en) * | 2019-04-28 | 2019-06-28 | 云南中烟工业有限责任公司 | A kind of detection method of quick nondestructive fresh tobacco leaves oil |
| CN109959680A (en) * | 2019-04-28 | 2019-07-02 | 云南中烟工业有限责任公司 | A kind of method of Fast nondestructive evaluation fresh tobacco leaves ash content |
| CN109975364A (en) * | 2019-04-28 | 2019-07-05 | 云南中烟工业有限责任公司 | A method of the detection fresh tobacco leaves alkaloid based on resistance |
| CN110082399A (en) * | 2019-04-25 | 2019-08-02 | 云南中烟工业有限责任公司 | A kind of fast non-destructive detection method of fresh tobacco leaves total reducing sugar |
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Cited By (14)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103499526A (en) * | 2013-09-29 | 2014-01-08 | 贵州省烟草科学研究院 | Method for judging tobacco leaf yellowing degree and baking progress in tobacco backing and yellowing stage |
| CN104568771A (en) * | 2014-12-21 | 2015-04-29 | 云南省烟草公司昆明市公司 | Economical, portable and efficient grading method for maturity of fresh tobacco leaves of flue-cured tobaccos |
| CN105675540A (en) * | 2016-01-15 | 2016-06-15 | 中国农业科学院茶叶研究所 | Rapid nondestructive determination method of aluminum content of fresh tea leaves |
| CN106501185A (en) * | 2016-10-31 | 2017-03-15 | 云南省烟草农业科学研究院 | A kind of method for rapidly judging of ripe cured tobacco leaf |
| CN109827957A (en) * | 2018-12-17 | 2019-05-31 | 南京邮电大学 | A kind of rice leaf SPAD value estimating and measuring method based on computer vision and system |
| CN109916969A (en) * | 2019-04-25 | 2019-06-21 | 云南中烟工业有限责任公司 | A kind of fast non-destructive detection method of the fresh tobacco leaves alkaloid based on capacitor |
| CN109900755A (en) * | 2019-04-25 | 2019-06-18 | 云南中烟工业有限责任公司 | A kind of detection method of fresh tobacco leaves oil |
| CN109916971A (en) * | 2019-04-25 | 2019-06-21 | 云南中烟工业有限责任公司 | A kind of fast non-destructive detection method of the fresh tobacco leaves moisture based on capacitor |
| CN109916970A (en) * | 2019-04-25 | 2019-06-21 | 云南中烟工业有限责任公司 | A kind of fast non-destructive detection method of the fresh tobacco leaves ash content based on capacitor |
| CN110082399A (en) * | 2019-04-25 | 2019-08-02 | 云南中烟工业有限责任公司 | A kind of fast non-destructive detection method of fresh tobacco leaves total reducing sugar |
| CN109916971B (en) * | 2019-04-25 | 2022-05-17 | 云南中烟工业有限责任公司 | Rapid nondestructive testing method for fresh tobacco moisture based on capacitor |
| CN109946343A (en) * | 2019-04-28 | 2019-06-28 | 云南中烟工业有限责任公司 | A kind of detection method of quick nondestructive fresh tobacco leaves oil |
| CN109959680A (en) * | 2019-04-28 | 2019-07-02 | 云南中烟工业有限责任公司 | A kind of method of Fast nondestructive evaluation fresh tobacco leaves ash content |
| CN109975364A (en) * | 2019-04-28 | 2019-07-05 | 云南中烟工业有限责任公司 | A method of the detection fresh tobacco leaves alkaloid based on resistance |
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Application publication date: 20130814 |