CN103235980B - Power consumption management off-peak strategy optimization method based on multi-objective programming - Google Patents

Abstract

A power consumption management off-peak strategy optimization method based on multi-objective programming introduces an off-peak influence factor indicator system in terms of economy, safety, environment, service, management and policy and establishes an off-peak optimal selection strategy based on global multi-objective off-peak strategies. The method includes: introducing the multi-factor indicator system to off-peak management to establish a multi-objective comprehensive optimal mathematical model by comprehensively considering the influence of six influence factors upon the off-peak management, and formulating an optimal off-peak management scheme according to solution results. Load curves are descended overall, the negative effect on local economy is low, and power grid economic benefit and customer satisfaction level are maximized. The off-peak scheme is formulated automatically, non-optimal feasible solutions are reduced by enhancing constraint conditions, model solving speed is increased by implicit enumeration method, and time complexity in model solving is lowered effectively.

Description

A kind of management of power use based on multiple objective programming keeps away peak policy optimization method

Technical field

The present invention relates to a kind of policy optimization method of avoiding the peak hour of ordered electric management domain, more particularly to a kind of to be based on many mesh What mark was planned keeps away peak policing algorithm optimization method.

Background technology

One of management method avoided the peak hour as operation of power networks Demand-side, can effectively reduce Peak power use load, ensure electricity Safe operation of the net in peak time.Execution is avoided the peak hour and can select to keep away peak or move the means at peak, it is therefore an objective to by cyclic fluctuation Network load becomes more balanced, optimization electric power resource configuration.But, execution is avoided the peak hour also can be to the commercial production in area and economy Development brings detrimental effect, makes the production capacity critical constraints of enterprise, upsets the production schedule of enterprise, causes user satisfaction drop It is low.In recent years, with the continuous aggravation of global energy anxiety situation, will persistently there is tense situation, perform mistake in supply of electric power Government regulation is included in peak.And existing load shifting management is only to meet electricity consumption regulation index and launch mostly, enterprise of having holidays by turns is being selected During industry, selection mode is more extensive, does not consider the impact of the factors such as economy, environment, does not account for limited electric power Resource input is to the field maximum to society and market contribution.And only for the purpose of meeting electricity consumption regulation index, it is impossible to embody The demands such as electrical network economy benefit, enterprises using the labor practical situation, lack global optimum Selection Strategy of avoiding the peak hour.

The content of the invention

The technical problem to be solved, is just to provide a kind of based on the strategy of the avoiding the peak hour of multiple objective programming (keep away peak) Optimization method, keeps away peak influence factor's index system by introducing in terms of economy, safety, environment, service, management, policy six, Build the optimum Selection Strategy of avoiding the peak hour for keeping away peak strategy based on global multiple target.

The technical solution adopted for the present invention to solve the technical problems is as follows：

A kind of management of power use based on multiple objective programming keeps away peak policy optimization method, comprises the following steps：

S1 is summarized and is kept away six big class factors of peak impact

Economy, environment, safety, service, management, policy；

S2 introduces the specific targets of the six big class factors for weighing described

16 altogether, wherein：

Economic class 3：

Caused by loss of income keeps away peak, dynamoelectric benefit is reduced；

GDP losses keep away GDP losses caused by peak；

Peak valley line loss accounts for same day bus wire damage by the line loss that peak-valley difference causes after keeping away peak；

Environmental classes 4：

Coal discharge capacity keeps away coal discharge CER caused by peak；

CO2 emissions keep away CO2 emission CER caused by peak；

SO2 emissions keep away sulfur dioxide (SO2) emissions CER caused by peak；

Nitrogen oxide emission keeps away nitrogen oxides CER caused by peak；

Security classes 3：

Peak-valley difference keeps away the peak-valley difference change of system loading behind peak；

The change in voltage that change in voltage is caused due to load fluctuation after keeping away peak；

The stable state frequency that steady frequency deviation is caused due to load fluctuation after keeping away peak changes；

Service class 3：

Keep away Electricity customers that peak power off time kept away behind peak it is accumulative because keep away peak power off time account for answer normal power supply to add up when Between；

Implementation status of avoiding the peak hour client completes history as requested and avoids the peak hour the number of times of task；

Definition of the customer type electrical network to the priority level of client；

Management class 2：

Pay the fees timely number of times client payment number of times in time within the cycle；

Transgression for using electricity number of times client transgression for using electricity number of times within the cycle；

Policy class 1：

Industry belonging to affiliated industry client, if for support on policy industry；

S3 defines specific targets and the qualitative relationships for keeping away peak prioritization scheme

Economic class：

Keeping away peak prioritization scheme, to be intended to should electrical network loss of income infinitely small；

Keeping away peak prioritization scheme, to be intended to should social GDP loss infinitely small；

Keeping away peak prioritization scheme, to be intended to should peak valley line loss infinitely small；

Environmental classes：

Keeping away peak prioritization scheme should make coal CER as big as possible；

Keeping away peak prioritization scheme should make carbon dioxide emission reduction amount as big as possible；

Keeping away peak prioritization scheme should make sulfur dioxide CER as big as possible；

Keeping away peak prioritization scheme should make nitrogen oxides CER as big as possible；

Security classes：

Keeping away peak prioritization scheme, to be intended to should peak-valley difference infinitely small；

Keeping away peak prioritization scheme, to be intended to should change in voltage infinitely small；

Keeping away peak prioritization scheme, to be intended to should steady frequency deviation infinitely small；

Service class：

Keep away peak prioritization scheme should make to keep away peak power failure impact be intended to it is infinitely small；

Keeping away peak prioritization scheme answers priority protection to avoid the peak hour the supply of electric power of the high client of implementation rate；

Keep away the supply of electric power that peak prioritization scheme answers the high client of Conservation Priority；

Management class：

Keep away the supply of electric power that peak prioritization scheme answers priority protection payment timely client；

Keeping away peak prioritization scheme answers priority protection not have the supply of electric power of the low client of transgression for using electricity history or transgression for using electricity rate；

Policy class：

Keep away the supply of electric power that peak prioritization scheme answers priority protection by the client of support on policy industry；

S4 sets up Electricity customers and participates in keeping away peak scheme and performing mark

For Electricity customers, keep away peak scheme and will may participate in the Electricity customers of keeping away peak and be divided into two classes and keep away peak object or non- Keep away peak object；Be whether to keep away peak object to be converted into two-value problem by Electricity customers, Electricity customers i to keep away peak mark formula as follows：

S5 is directed to 16 described specific targets, sets up and keeps away peak influence factor's index system based on load relation, including Influence factor and Electricity customers load relation is built successively, and sets up index and system loading relation function；

S6 builds and keeps away peak Policy model

All kinds of influence factors to keeping away peak scheme change in the same direction, are influence factor's Index Weights weight, while introducing between each index Weight constraints condition, sets up multiple objective function, solves comprehensive optimal models；

S7 strengthens main constraints, and optimization keeps away peak Policy model

The lower bound of the maximum of circuit power load is constrained to into m S, [0,1), value is empirically and business reality for m ∈ Border demand determines, and in later stage continuous adjusting and optimizing, in the way of reducing alternative valued combinations, can accelerate the convergence of model solution Speed；Therefore keep away peak Optimized model to be optimized for regard to Index Constraints condition：

Wherein, S is the next day maximum power supply that dispatching communication center is issued daily, and m is power consumption index scale factor, right The lower bound of circuit power load maximum enters row constraint, although will meet main constraints be clearly not model optimal solution Valued combinations directly filter, N be a certain power supply administration's total number of users, p_i(t-τ_i) song is changed over for user's i power loads Line, t is the time, τ_iFor moving peak time, this method is not related to shifting peak therefore is taken as zero；

S8 is solved using implicit enumeration method and is kept away peak strategy optimization model, is obtained optimum and is kept away peak scheme.

Described step S5 specifically includes following sub-step：

S5-1 builds influence factor and Electricity customers load relation；

1) loss of income rate PL

In the case where unit electric cost is constant, grid company loss of income mainly causes Electricity customers to be used less by keeping away peak Electricity and underpay what the electricity charge received were caused；One Electricity customers often is defined as keeping away peak object by grid company, and grid company will therefore Losing profit is：

Wherein, by unit price of power and unit power supply cost, the dynamoelectric benefit of unit quantity of electricity determines that computing formula is as follows：

P_Unit_i(t)=Electrovalence_i(t)-C_Unit

Electrovalence_i(t) be t, the unit price of power of client i；Electrovalence_iT () is public according to electrical network Industry belonging to the time-of-use tariffs strategy and Electricity customers i of department's formulation is determined；C_Unit is supplied for the mean unit of grid company Electric cost, can be obtained by settlement of transactions；

2) GDP loss rates GDPL

GDP losses cause Electricity customers to be unable to electricity consumption so that being forced to stop production mainly due to peak is kept away, and electricity consumption enterprise is often few With kilowatt-hour, the output value is converted into regard to major general's kilowatt-hour, if P_GDP_iMean unit electricity for the affiliated industries of user i increases accordingly It is value added, P_GDP_iCan by《China Statistical Yearbook》The value added of industry belonging to middle inquiry is learnt with electricity consumption total amount：

Wherein, Total_Revenues_iFor the annual gross value added of the affiliated industries of user i, Total_Electric_ Quantity_iFor the annual electricity consumption total amount of the affiliated industries of user i；

Then, Electricity customers often are defined as keeping away peak object by grid company, and the Electricity customers are converted electrical energy into less For the output value：

3) coal discharge reduction rate CE

Coal reduction of discharging causes Electricity customers to stop producing and reduction pollutant emission mainly due to peak is kept away；If the coal of unit quantity of electricity Discharge capacity is referred to as coal transforming factor, and the coal transforming factor of Electricity customers i is designated as α_{Coal, i}, α_{Coal, i}Value and the affiliated industries of Electricity customers i It is relevant, Ke Yicong《Chinese energy statistical yearbook》And inside electrical network, obtain related data；Electricity consumption enterprise often uses kilowatt-hour less, just few One Electricity customers often is defined as keeping away peak object by production pollution, grid company, and the Electricity customers will produce pollutant less：

4) CO2 emission reduction rate COE

CO2 emission causes Electricity customers to stop producing and reduction pollutant emission mainly due to peak is kept away；If unit is electric The CO2 emissions of amount are referred to as the carbon dioxide conversion factor, and the coal transforming factor of Electricity customers i is designated as α_{Carbon dioxide, i}, α_{Carbon dioxide, i}Value it is relevant with the affiliated industries of Electricity customers i, Ke Yicong《Chinese energy statistical yearbook》And obtain related inside electrical network Data；Electricity consumption enterprise often uses kilowatt-hour less, just few production pollution；One Electricity customers often is defined as keeping away peak pair by grid company As the Electricity customers will produce pollutant less：

5) sulfur dioxide (SO2) emissions reduction rate SOE

CO2 emission causes Electricity customers to stop producing and reduction pollutant emission mainly due to peak is kept away；If unit is electric The SO2 emissions of amount are referred to as the Sulphur Dioxide factor, and the Sulphur Dioxide factor of Electricity customers i is designated as α_{Sulfur dioxide, i}, α_{Sulfur dioxide, i}Value it is relevant with the affiliated industries of Electricity customers i, Ke Yicong《Chinese energy statistical yearbook》And obtain related inside electrical network Data；Electricity consumption enterprise often uses kilowatt-hour less, just few production pollution, and Electricity customers often are defined as keeping away peak pair by grid company As the Electricity customers will produce pollutant less：

6) discharged nitrous oxides reduction rate NOE

Discharged nitrous oxides cause Electricity customers to stop producing and reduction pollutant emission mainly due to peak is kept away；Unit quantity of electricity Nitrogen oxide emission be referred to as the conversion of nitrogen oxides factor, the conversion of nitrogen oxides factor of Electricity customers i is designated as α_{Nitrogen oxides, i}, α_{Nitrogen oxides, i}Value it is relevant with the affiliated industries of Electricity customers i, Ke Yicong《Chinese energy statistical yearbook》And obtain related inside electrical network Data；Electricity consumption enterprise often uses kilowatt-hour less, just few production pollution, and Electricity customers often are defined as keeping away peak pair by grid company As the Electricity customers will produce pollutant less：

7) avoid the peak hour implementation rate PSE

Single implementation rate of avoiding the peak hour refers to that certain client completes history as requested and avoids the peak hour the ratio of task, and Electricity customers i's avoids the peak hour The computing formula of implementation rate is as follows：

Wherein, Actual_Averting_iFor Electricity customers i it is actual perform keep away peak number of times, Actual_Shifting_iFor The actual shifting peak number of times for performing.Corresponding Plan_Averting_iPeak number of times, Plan_ are kept away for what Electricity customers i plans should be performed Shifting_iFor the shifting peak number of times for planning to perform；

8) customer type UT

Customer type its value is generally discrete type, index value can be carried out Quantitative marking according to service needed, so After map to interval [0,1]；

9) pay the fees promptness rate PT

When carrying out keeping away peak scheme optimization, the supply of electric power of the client for answering priority protection payment promptness rate high, Electricity customers Payment promptness rate computing formula it is as follows：

Wherein, Count_Pay_in_Time_iFor the number of times of Electricity customers i payments in time, Count_Pay_iFor Electricity customers i Total degree of should paying the fees；

10) transgression for using electricity rate VPU

When carrying out keeping away peak scheme optimization, priority protection is answered not have the low client's of transgression for using electricity history or transgression for using electricity rate Supply of electric power.The computing formula of the transgression for using electricity rate of Electricity customers is as follows：

Wherein, Violate_Power_Use_iFor the number of times of Electricity customers i transgression for using electricity in the cycle, Total_Violate_ Power_Use is the total degree of each Electricity customers transgression for using electricity in the cycle；

11) industry TR belonging to

Take and keep away peak strategy, then target is that the preferential Electricity customers execution for scoring low to industry keeps away peak, and its object function can To be expressed as：

μ_i·TR_i；

S5-2 sets up index and system loading relation function

1) loss of income rate PL

The profit of grid company same day loss underpays the electricity charge received by the client that all participations keep away peak；By public with electrical network The gross profit that department's same day obtains is compared, and obtains same day grid company because keeping away loss of income ratio caused by peak, loss of income rate meter Calculate formula as follows：

Wherein,For normal power supply when electrical network it is always sharp from the whole day that Electricity customers i should be obtained Profit,The whole day gross profit that electrical network is obtained from Electricity customers i behind peak is kept away for performing；

2) GDP loss rates GDPL

The loss of one area GDP keeps away the total production value that the client at peak converts less for all participations, by producing with same day area Raw GDP is compared, and caused by obtaining same day this area because keeping away peak, GDP loses ratio, due to the unit quantity of electricity of each Electricity customers Corresponding value added collection is more difficult, is convenience of calculation, it is contemplated that the mean unit electricity of the affiliated industry of Electricity customers increases Value, GDP loss rate computing formula are as follows：

Wherein,For normal power supply when Electricity customers i whole days total output value,For performing the total output value for keeping away Electricity customers i whole days behind peak；

3) peak valley line loss per unit PVLL

The computing formula of peak valley line loss per unit is as follows：

Wherein, W_AlwaysDamage for same day bus wire.Its calculating can take the difference of power supply total amount and sale of electricity total amount, and computing formula is such as Shown in lower：

W_Always=Power_Supply_Volume-Power_Sell_Volume

Power_Supply_Volume powered total amount for the same day, and Power_Sell_Volume is same day sale of electricity total amount；

W_{Peak valley}It is the line loss caused by peak-valley difference, computing formula is as follows：

W_{Peak valley}=(3I²R+3ΔI²R)·24h

Wherein, I is current effective value when not considering load variations, and Δ I is effective for the curent change that load fluctuation causes Value, P is load virtual value when not considering load variations, and U is voltage effective value when not considering load variations；

The calculating of circuit power load curve P (t) need to consider specifically to keep away peak strategy, circuit power load curve P (t) Computing formula is as follows：

4) coal discharge reduction rate CE

Take and keep away peak strategy, coal discharge reduction rate computing formula is as follows：

Wherein,For normal power supply when Electricity customers i whole days coal discharge capacity,For Execution keeps away the coal discharge capacity of Electricity customers i whole days behind peak；

5) CO2 emission reduction rate COE

Take and keep away peak strategy, then CO2 emission reduction rate computing formula is as follows：

Wherein,For normal power supply when Electricity customers i whole days CO2 emissions,For performing the CO2 emissions for keeping away Electricity customers i whole days behind peak.

6) sulfur dioxide (SO2) emissions reduction rate SOE

Take and keep away peak strategy, then sulfur dioxide (SO2) emissions reduction rate computing formula is as follows：

Wherein,For normal power supply when Electricity customers i whole days SO2 emissions,For performing the SO2 emissions for keeping away Electricity customers i whole days behind peak.

7) discharged nitrous oxides reduction rate NOE

Take and keep away peak strategy, then discharged nitrous oxides reduction rate computing formula is as follows：

Wherein,For normal power supply when Electricity customers i whole days SO2 emissions,For performing the SO2 emissions for keeping away Electricity customers i whole days behind peak.

8) peak-valley ratio VP

Peak-valley ratio VP computing formula are as follows：

Wherein, P (t) changes over curve for power load.

9) voltage change ratio VC

Voltage change ratio refers to keeps away the voltage change ratio caused due to load fluctuation after peak prioritization scheme is performed.Computing formula is such as Shown in lower：

U₁For not considering the voltage effective value of load variations, it is known.U₂It is effective for considering the voltage after load variations Value, computing formula are as follows：

Wherein, I is current effective value when not considering load variations, and Δ I is effective for the curent change that load fluctuation causes Value, α and β is the parameter related to line impedance parameter R and X.Power factor (PF) is made to be cos φ, then the calculating of each relevant parameter is public Formula is as follows：

α=R cos φ+X sin φ

β=X cos φ+R sin φ

10) steady frequency deviation ratio SFD

Steady frequency deviation ratio SFD computing formula are as follows：

Wherein, 1/R_eqFor comprehensive difference coefficient, calculated according to practical situation by business department, K_fIt is load power with frequency Variation characteristic coefficient, takes K_f=2.89, f are voltage steady frequency.

11) keep away peak power failure contributive rate PSA

Keep away peak power failure contributive rate and refer to that the Electricity customers kept away after peak prioritization scheme is performed add up to account for normally because keeping away peak power off time Should power the ratio of cumulative time.The computing formula for keeping away peak power failure contributive rate is as follows：

12) avoid the peak hour implementation rate PSE

Implementation rate of avoiding the peak hour target is that the preferential Electricity customers execution low to implementation rate of avoiding the peak hour keeps away peak, and computing formula is：

13) customer type UT

Take and keep away peak strategy, then target is that the preferential Electricity customers execution low to customer grade keeps away peak, overall customer type Function can be expressed as：

14) pay the fees promptness rate PT

The preferential execution to the low Electricity customers of promptness rate of paying the fees kept away in peak keeps away peak, and its object function can be expressed as：

15) transgression for using electricity rate VPU

Take and keep away peak strategy, then target is that the preferential Electricity customers execution high to transgression for using electricity rate keeps away peak, its object function Can be expressed as：

16) industry TR belonging to

Take and keep away peak strategy, then target is that the preferential Electricity customers execution for scoring low to industry keeps away peak, and its object function can To be expressed as：

Described step S6 includes following sub-step：

S6-1 changes in the same direction to all kinds of influence factors for keeping away peak scheme, by the optimization aim of each desired value unified for minimum Optimization, it is only necessary to which the index not in the same direction to part takes negative sign and be just capable of achieving.Introduce in the same directionization factor θ_j：

S6-2 is influence factor's Index Weights weight, after in the same directionization is completed to index, is needed with reference to business practical situation, right In the certain hour cycle, the significance level of each index is ranked up, and is assigned to corresponding weights omega_j；

S6-3 in reality, as multiple indexs can not possibly be optimal simultaneously, needs to set up multiple objective function, solves comprehensive Close optimum.Set up multiple objective programming object function：

Wherein, ω_jFor the corresponding weight of j-th index, θ_jFor corresponding same chemotactic factor.X_jFor the table of j-th index Up to formula, X_j∈[0,1]；X_jEmbody form and the bound for objective function to take keep away peak strategy and corresponding To keep away peak prioritization scheme related；

S6-4 sets up constraints according to the given power consumption index of electric dispatching department：

Wherein, S is the same day power consumption index that electric dispatching department gives, and i is i-th Electricity customers.Formula is constrained to Execution keep away peak management after, determined by keep away peak strategy must assure that the power load of same day this area be necessarily less than equal to electric power adjust The given power consumption index of degree；

Set up weight constraints condition between each index：

The interval of all of index of constraint requirements must be in 0 to 1, and the weight sum of all indexs is 1.

Described step S8 includes following sub-step：

Object function is converted into and seeks minimum optimization problem by S8-1；

Whether all coefficient weights are both greater than 0 for S8-2 examinations, if there is μ_iCoefficient be less than 0, using μ '_i=1- μ_iSubstitute, Ensure that all coefficients are more than zero；

S8-3 is by all μ in object function_iSorted by coefficient value is descending successively；

Institute's Prescribed Properties are converted into A by S8-4_iμ_iThe form of >=B；

S8-5 is by all μ_i0 is set to as maternal case, the binary coding of one N position of all schematic design makings, is entered according to two Size order processed is solved, and first feasible solution is the optimal solution of model.

Hinge structure is the present invention have the advantages that：

1. the present invention considers economy, environment, safety, service, management, six big class influence factor of policy to keeping away peak management Impact, multifactorial index system is introduced in load shifting management, the comprehensive optimum mathematical model of multiple target is set up, according to solution As a result, formulate optimization and keep away peak Managed Solution, while load curve can be caused integrally to move down, the negative shadow to local economy of avoiding the peak hour Ring minimum, it is ensured that safe operation of electric network is stable, can maximize electrical network economy benefit and CSAT level；

2. the present invention using automation means formulation keep away peak scheme, without dispatcher determine by hand which Electricity customers into For keeping away peak object；

3. the present invention reduces non-optimal feasible solution by strengthening constraints, solves speed using implicit enumeration method acceleration model Degree, effectively reduces the time complexity of model solution.

Description of the drawings

Fig. 1 is to keep away peak schematic diagram in step S1 of the present invention；

Fig. 2 is the index system figure in step S5-1 of the present invention；

Fig. 3 is to arrange the Electricity customers grade scoring figure write in step S5-2 of the present invention；

Fig. 4 is that index changes displaying figure in the same direction in step S6-1 of the present invention；

Fig. 5 is the schematic diagram of model solution in step S8-5 of the present invention.

Specific embodiment

Below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings the principle and process of the present invention are described in further detail.

The present invention's keeps away peak policy optimization method based on the management of power use of multiple objective programming, comprises the following steps：

S1 identifications keep away peak influence factor

With reference to accompanying drawing 1, peak is kept away by making portions of client, realize that the entirety of system loading curve is moved down.Keep away the meeting of execution at peak On society, the many-sided generation impact of economic dispatch, will find one affects what is be all optimal to keep away peak scheme each side.It is bright first The true influence factor related to peak is kept away, and consider and keep away peak and perform the influence degree to all kinds of factors, enabling all Find out in alternative and realize that the peak of keeping away of global optimum carries into execution a plan.Embodiments of the present invention identify keep away peak be subject to it is economical, Environment, safety, service, management, the impact of six big class factor of policy.

S2 constructs each factor specific targets

Economy, environment, safety, service, management, six big class factor specific targets of policy are constructed, altogether 16 indexs：

Economic class 3：

Caused by loss of income keeps away peak, dynamoelectric benefit is reduced；

GDP losses keep away GDP losses caused by peak；

Peak valley line loss accounts for same day bus wire damage by the line loss that peak-valley difference causes after keeping away peak；

Environmental classes 4：

Coal discharge capacity keeps away coal discharge CER caused by peak；

CO2 emissions keep away CO2 emission discharge capacity caused by peak；

SO2 emissions keep away sulfur dioxide (SO2) emissions CER caused by peak；

Nitrogen oxide emission keeps away nitrogen oxides CER caused by peak；

Security classes 3：

Peak-valley difference keeps away the peak-valley difference change of system loading behind peak；

The change in voltage that change in voltage is caused due to load fluctuation after keeping away peak；

The stable state frequency that steady frequency deviation is caused due to load fluctuation after keeping away peak changes；

Service class 3：

Keep away Electricity customers that peak power off time kept away behind peak it is accumulative because keep away peak power off time account for answer normal power supply to add up when Between；

Avoid the peak hour to perform certain client and complete history as requested and avoid the peak hour the number of times of task；

Definition of the customer type electrical network to the priority level of client；

Management class 2：

Pay the fees timely number of times client payment number of times in time within the cycle；

Transgression for using electricity coefficient client transgression for using electricity number of times within the cycle；

Policy class 1：

Industry belonging to affiliated industry client, if for support on policy industry；

S3 defines specific targets and the qualitative relationships for keeping away peak prioritization scheme

Keeping away peak prioritization scheme, to be intended to should electrical network loss of income infinitely small；

Keeping away peak prioritization scheme, to be intended to should social GDP loss infinitely small；

Keeping away peak prioritization scheme, to be intended to should peak valley line loss infinitely small；

Keeping away peak prioritization scheme should make coal reduction of discharging as big as possible；

Keeping away peak prioritization scheme should make carbon dioxide discharge-reduction as big as possible；

Keeping away peak prioritization scheme should make sulfur dioxide reduction of discharging as big as possible；

Keeping away peak prioritization scheme should make nitrogen oxides reduction of discharging as big as possible；

Keeping away peak prioritization scheme, to be intended to should peak-valley ratio infinitely small；

Keeping away peak prioritization scheme, to be intended to should change in voltage infinitely small；

Keeping away peak prioritization scheme, to be intended to should steady frequency deviation infinitely small；

Keep away peak prioritization scheme should make to keep away peak power failure impact be intended to it is infinitely small；

Keeping away peak prioritization scheme answers priority protection to avoid the peak hour the supply of electric power of the high client of implementation rate；

Keep away the supply of electric power that peak prioritization scheme answers the high client of Conservation Priority；

Keep away the supply of electric power that peak prioritization scheme answers priority protection payment timely client；

Keeping away peak prioritization scheme answers priority protection not have the supply of electric power of the low client of transgression for using electricity history or transgression for using electricity rate；

Keep away the supply of electric power that peak prioritization scheme answers priority protection by the client of support on policy industry；

S4 sets up Electricity customers and participates in keeping away peak prioritization scheme and performing mark

Set up Electricity customers to participate in keeping away peak scheme and performing mark.For Electricity customers, keep away peak scheme and will may participate in and keep away peak Electricity customers are divided into two classes and keep away peak object or non-keep away peak object.Therefore whether can be to keep away peak object conversion by Electricity customers For two-value problem.If Electricity customers i's keeps away peak mark formula：

S5 sets up and keeps away peak influence factor's index system based on load relation

S5-plus combines accompanying drawing 2, defines each influence factor's index implication：

1) loss of income rate PL

Loss of income rate refers to grid company due to keeping away the ratio that dynamoelectric benefit is reduced caused by peak, can be by calculating due to keeping away When the dynamoelectric benefit that peak is reduced accounts for normal power supply, the ratio of sale of electricity gross profit is obtained.

2) GDP loss rates GDPL

Aggregative indicator of the GDP (GDP) as the reflection national economic development, it can more fully reflect society The scale and level of production activity achievement.GDP for industry, unit or some areas, commonly referred to as Value added.Therefore GDP loss rates refer to due to keeping away the ratio reduced to the contribution of industry value added caused by peak.3) peak valley line loss per unit PVLL

Peak valley line loss per unit is to keep away the ratio for being accounted for same day bus wire damage after peak prioritization scheme is performed by the line loss that peak-valley difference causes Example.

4) coal discharge reduction rate CE

Coal discharge reduction rate refers to due to the ratio of coal discharge capacity when keeping away that coal discharge decrement accounts for normal power supply caused by peak.

5) CO2 emission reduction rate COE

Similar with index coal discharge reduction rate, CO2 emission reduction rate refers to due to keeping away CO2 emission caused by peak The ratio of CO2 emissions when decrement accounts for normal power supply.

6) sulfur dioxide (SO2) emissions reduction rate SOE

Sulfur dioxide (SO2) emissions reduction rate refers to due to keeping away dioxy when sulfur dioxide (SO2) emissions decrement caused by peak accounts for normal power supply Change the ratio of sulfur emissions.

7) discharged nitrous oxides reduction rate NOE

Discharged nitrous oxides reduction rate refers to due to keeping away nitrogen oxygen when discharged nitrous oxides decrement caused by peak accounts for normal power supply The ratio of compound discharge capacity.

8) peak-valley ratio VP

Peak-valley ratio refers to that peak-valley difference in circuit power load curve accounts for the ratio of peak value.

9) voltage change ratio VC

Voltage change ratio refers to keeps away the voltage change ratio caused due to load fluctuation after peak prioritization scheme is performed.

10) steady frequency deviation ratio SFD

Steady frequency deviation ratio refers to keeps away the steady frequency deviation ratio caused due to load fluctuation after peak prioritization scheme is performed.

11) keep away peak power failure contributive rate PSA

Keep away peak power failure contributive rate and refer to that the Electricity customers kept away after peak prioritization scheme is performed add up to account for normally because keeping away peak power off time Should power the ratio of cumulative time.

12) avoid the peak hour implementation rate PSE

Implementation rate of avoiding the peak hour refers to that customers complete history as requested and avoid the peak hour the weight ratio of task.

13) customer type UT

Customer type refers to definition of the electrical network to the priority level of client.When carrying out keeping away peak scheme optimization, priority protection is answered The supply of electric power of the high client of grade.

14) pay the fees promptness rate PT

Payment promptness rate refers to that client's timely payment number of times within the cycle accounts for the ratio of number of times of should paying the fees.

15) transgression for using electricity rate VPU

Transgression for using electricity rate refers to that certain client transgression for using electricity number of times within the cycle takes up an area area's Electricity customers transgression for using electricity total degree Ratio.

16) industry TR belonging to

Affiliated industry refers to the industry belonging to client.Due to government within a certain period of time to the support degree of every profession and trade not Together, when carrying out keeping away peak scheme optimization, priority protection is answered by the supply of electric power of the client of support on policy industry.

S5-1 builds influence factor and Electricity customers load relation；

1) loss of income rate PL

In the case where unit electric cost is constant, grid company loss of income mainly causes Electricity customers to be used less by keeping away peak Electricity and underpay what the electricity charge received were caused.One Electricity customers often is defined as keeping away peak object by grid company, and grid company will therefore Losing profit is：

Wherein, by unit price of power and unit power supply cost, the dynamoelectric benefit of unit quantity of electricity determines that computing formula is as follows：

P_Unit_i(t)=Electrovalence_i(t)-C_Unit

Electrovalence_i(t) be t, the unit price of power of client i.Electrovalence_iT () is public according to electrical network Industry belonging to the time-of-use tariffs strategy and Electricity customers i of department's formulation is determined.C_Unit is supplied for the mean unit of grid company Electric cost, can be obtained by settlement of transactions.

2) GDP loss rates GDPL

GDP losses cause Electricity customers to be unable to electricity consumption so that being forced to stop production mainly due to peak is kept away.Electricity consumption enterprise is often few With kilowatt-hour, the output value is converted into regard to major general's kilowatt-hour, if P_GDP_iMean unit electricity for the affiliated industries of user i increases accordingly It is value added.P_GDP_iCan by《China Statistical Yearbook》The value added of industry belonging to middle inquiry is learnt with electricity consumption total amount.

Wherein, Total_Revenues_iFor the annual gross value added of the affiliated industries of user i, Total_Electric_ Quantity_iFor the annual electricity consumption total amount of the affiliated industries of user i.

Then, Electricity customers often are defined as keeping away peak object by grid company, and the Electricity customers are converted electrical energy into less For the output value：

3) coal discharge reduction rate CE

Coal reduction of discharging causes Electricity customers to stop producing and reduction pollutant emission mainly due to peak is kept away.If the coal of unit quantity of electricity Discharge capacity is referred to as coal transforming factor, and the coal transforming factor of Electricity customers i is designated as α_{Coal, i}, α_{Coal, i}Value and the affiliated industries of Electricity customers i It is relevant, Ke Yicong《Chinese energy statistical yearbook》And inside electrical network, obtain related data.Electricity consumption enterprise often uses kilowatt-hour less, just few Production pollution.One Electricity customers often is defined as keeping away peak object by grid company, and the Electricity customers will produce pollutant less：

4) CO2 emission reduction rate COE

CO2 emission causes Electricity customers to stop producing and reduction pollutant emission mainly due to peak is kept away.If unit is electric The CO2 emissions of amount are referred to as the carbon dioxide conversion factor, and the coal transforming factor of Electricity customers i is designated as α_{Carbon dioxide, i}, α_{Carbon dioxide, i}Value it is relevant with the affiliated industries of Electricity customers i, Ke Yicong《Chinese energy statistical yearbook》And obtain related inside electrical network Data.Electricity consumption enterprise often uses kilowatt-hour less, just few production pollution.One Electricity customers often is defined as keeping away peak pair by grid company As the Electricity customers will produce pollutant less：

5) sulfur dioxide (SO2) emissions reduction rate SOE

CO2 emission causes Electricity customers to stop producing and reduction pollutant emission mainly due to peak is kept away.If unit is electric The SO2 emissions of amount are referred to as the Sulphur Dioxide factor, and the Sulphur Dioxide factor of Electricity customers i is designated as α_{Sulfur dioxide, i}, α_{Sulfur dioxide, i}Value it is relevant with the affiliated industries of Electricity customers i, Ke Yicong《Chinese energy statistical yearbook》And obtain related inside electrical network Data.Electricity consumption enterprise often uses kilowatt-hour less, just few production pollution.One Electricity customers often is defined as keeping away peak pair by grid company As the Electricity customers will produce pollutant less：

6) discharged nitrous oxides reduction rate NOE

Discharged nitrous oxides cause Electricity customers to stop producing and reduction pollutant emission mainly due to peak is kept away.Unit quantity of electricity Nitrogen oxide emission be referred to as the conversion of nitrogen oxides factor, the conversion of nitrogen oxides factor of Electricity customers i is designated as α_{Nitrogen oxides, i}, α_{Nitrogen oxides, i}Value it is relevant with the affiliated industries of Electricity customers i, Ke Yicong《Chinese energy statistical yearbook》And obtain related inside electrical network Data.Electricity consumption enterprise often uses kilowatt-hour less, just few production pollution.One Electricity customers often is defined as keeping away peak pair by grid company As the Electricity customers will produce pollutant less：

7) avoid the peak hour implementation rate PSE

Single implementation rate of avoiding the peak hour refers to that certain client completes history as requested and avoids the peak hour the ratio of task, and Electricity customers i's avoids the peak hour The computing formula of implementation rate is as follows：

Wherein, Actual_Averting_iFor Electricity customers i it is actual perform keep away peak number of times, Actual_Shifting_iFor The actual shifting peak number of times for performing.Corresponding Plan_Averting_iPeak number of times, Plan_ are kept away for what Electricity customers i plans should be performed Shifting_iFor the shifting peak number of times for planning to perform.

8) customer type UT

With reference to accompanying drawing 3, customer type its value is generally discrete type, can be according to service needed by the index value amount of carrying out Change scoring, then map to interval [0,1].

9) pay the fees promptness rate PT

When carrying out keeping away peak scheme optimization, the supply of electric power of the client for answering priority protection payment promptness rate high, Electricity customers Payment promptness rate computing formula it is as follows：

Wherein, Count_Pay_in_Time_iFor the number of times of Electricity customers i payments in time, Count_Pay_iFor Electricity customers i Total degree of should paying the fees.

10) transgression for using electricity rate VPU

When carrying out keeping away peak scheme optimization, priority protection is answered not have the low client's of transgression for using electricity history or transgression for using electricity rate Supply of electric power.The computing formula of the transgression for using electricity rate of Electricity customers is as follows：

Wherein, Violate_Power_Use_iFor the number of times of Electricity customers i transgression for using electricity in the cycle, Total_Violate_ Power_Use is the total degree of each Electricity customers transgression for using electricity in the cycle.

11) industry TR belonging to

Take and keep away peak strategy, then target is that the preferential Electricity customers execution for scoring low to industry keeps away peak, and its object function can To be expressed as：

μ_i·TR_i

S5-2 sets up index and system loading relation function；

1) loss of income rate PL

The profit of grid company same day loss underpays the electricity charge received by the client that all participations keep away peak.By public with electrical network The gross profit that department's same day obtains is compared, and obtains same day grid company because keeping away loss of income ratio caused by peak, loss of income rate meter Calculate formula as follows：

Wherein,For normal power supply when the whole day gross profit that should obtain from Electricity customers i of electrical network,The whole day gross profit that electrical network is obtained from Electricity customers i behind peak is kept away for performing.

2) GDP loss rates GDPL

The loss of one area GDP keeps away the total production value that the client at peak converts less for all participations, by producing with same day area Raw GDP is compared, and caused by obtaining same day this area because keeping away peak, GDP loses ratio, due to the unit quantity of electricity of each Electricity customers Corresponding value added collection is more difficult, is convenience of calculation, it is contemplated that the mean unit electricity of the affiliated industry of Electricity customers increases Value, GDP loss rate computing formula are as follows：

Wherein,For normal power supply when Electricity customers i whole days total output value,For performing the total output value for keeping away Electricity customers i whole days behind peak.

3) peak valley line loss per unit PVLL

The computing formula of peak valley line loss per unit is as follows：

Wherein, W_AlwaysDamage for same day bus wire.Its calculating can take the difference of power supply total amount and sale of electricity total amount, and computing formula is such as Shown in lower：

W_Always=Power_Supply_Volume-Power_Sell_Volume

Power_Supply_Volume powered total amount for the same day, and Power_Sell_Volume is same day sale of electricity total amount.

W_{Peak valley}It is the line loss caused by peak-valley difference, computing formula is as follows：

W_{Peak valley}=(3I²R+3ΔI²R)·24h

Wherein, I is current effective value when not considering load variations, and Δ I is effective for the curent change that load fluctuation causes Value, P is load virtual value when not considering load variations, and U is voltage effective value when not considering load variations；

The calculating of circuit power load curve P (t) need to consider specifically to keep away peak strategy, circuit power load curve P (t) Computing formula is as follows：

4) coal discharge reduction rate CE

Take and keep away peak strategy, coal discharge reduction rate computing formula is as follows：

Wherein,For normal power supply when Electricity customers i whole days coal discharge capacity,For Execution keeps away the coal discharge capacity of Electricity customers i whole days behind peak.

5) CO2 emission reduction rate COE

Take and keep away peak strategy, then CO2 emission reduction rate computing formula is as follows：

Wherein,For normal power supply when Electricity customers i whole days CO2 emissions,For performing the CO2 emissions for keeping away Electricity customers i whole days behind peak.

6) sulfur dioxide (SO2) emissions reduction rate SOE

Take and keep away peak strategy, then sulfur dioxide (SO2) emissions reduction rate computing formula is as follows：

Wherein,For normal power supply when Electricity customers i whole days SO2 emissions,For performing the SO2 emissions for keeping away Electricity customers i whole days behind peak.

7) discharged nitrous oxides reduction rate NOE

Take and keep away peak strategy, then discharged nitrous oxides reduction rate computing formula is as follows：

Wherein,For normal power supply when Electricity customers i whole days SO2 emissions,For performing the SO2 emissions for keeping away Electricity customers i whole days behind peak.

8) peak-valley ratio VP

Peak-valley ratio VP computing formula are as follows：

Wherein, P (t) changes over curve for power load.

9) voltage change ratio VC

Voltage change ratio refers to keeps away the voltage change ratio caused due to load fluctuation after peak prioritization scheme is performed.Computing formula is such as Shown in lower：

U₁For not considering the voltage effective value of load variations, it is known.U₂It is effective for considering the voltage after load variations Value, computing formula are as follows：

Wherein, I is current effective value when not considering load variations, and Δ I is effective for the curent change that load fluctuation causes Value, α and β is the parameter related to line impedance R and X.Power factor (PF) is made for cos φ, then the computing formula of each relevant parameter is such as Shown in lower：

α=R cos φ+X sin φ

β=X cos φ+R sin φ

10) steady frequency deviation ratio SFD

Steady frequency deviation ratio SFD computing formula are as follows：

Wherein, 1/R_eqFor comprehensive difference coefficient, calculated according to practical situation by business department, K_fIt is load power with frequency Variation characteristic coefficient, takes K_f=2.89, f are voltage steady frequency.

11) keep away peak power failure contributive rate PSA

Keep away peak power failure contributive rate and refer to that the Electricity customers kept away after peak prioritization scheme is performed add up to account for normally because keeping away peak power off time Should power the ratio of cumulative time.The computing formula for keeping away peak power failure contributive rate is as follows：

12) avoid the peak hour implementation rate PSE

Implementation rate of avoiding the peak hour target is that the preferential Electricity customers execution low to implementation rate of avoiding the peak hour keeps away peak, and computing formula is：

13) customer type UT

Take and keep away peak strategy, then target is that the preferential Electricity customers execution low to customer grade keeps away peak, overall customer type Function can be expressed as：

14) pay the fees promptness rate PT

The preferential execution to the low Electricity customers of promptness rate of paying the fees kept away in peak keeps away peak, and its object function can be expressed as：

15) transgression for using electricity rate VPU

Take and keep away peak strategy, then target is that the preferential Electricity customers execution high to transgression for using electricity rate keeps away peak, its object function Can be expressed as：

16) industry TR belonging to

Take and keep away peak strategy, then target is that the preferential Electricity customers execution for scoring low to industry keeps away peak, and its object function can To be expressed as：

S6 builds and keeps away peak strategy optimization model

S6-1 changes influence factor's index in the same direction, and with reference to accompanying drawing 4, the target for keeping away peak policy optimization is begun in circuit power load Eventually less than the power consumption index of distribution, carry into execution a plan so as in the premise for ensureing power grid security, one group of searching is optimum so that keep away Actively impact after peak is performed is as big as possible, and negative influence is as little as possible.All kinds of influence factors to keeping away peak scheme change in the same direction, will The optimization aim of each desired value is unified for minimum optimization, it is only necessary to which the index not in the same direction to part takes negative sign and be just capable of achieving.Draw Enter in the same directionization factor θ_j：

S6-2 is influence factor's Index Weights weight, after in the same directionization is completed to index, is needed with reference to business practical situation, right In the certain hour cycle, the significance level of each index is ranked up, and is assigned to corresponding weights omega_j；

S6-3 in reality, as multiple indexs can not possibly be optimal simultaneously, needs to set up multiple objective function, solves comprehensive Close optimum.Set up multiple objective programming object function：

Wherein, ω_jFor the corresponding weight of j-th index, θ_jFor corresponding same chemotactic factor.X_jFor the table of j-th index Up to formula, X_j∈[0,1]。X_jEmbody form and the bound for objective function to take keep away peak strategy and corresponding To keep away peak prioritization scheme related.

S6-4 sets up constraints according to the given power consumption index of electric dispatching department：

Wherein, S is the same day power consumption index that electric dispatching department gives, and i is i-th Electricity customers.Formula is constrained to Execution keep away peak management after, determined by keep away peak strategy must assure that the power load of same day this area be necessarily less than equal to electric power adjust The given power consumption index of degree.

Set up weight constraints condition between each index：

The interval of all of index of constraint requirements must be in 0 to 1, and the weight sum of all indexs is 1.

S7 strengthens main constraints, and optimization keeps away peak Policy model

The lower bound of the maximum of circuit power load is constrained to into m S, [0,1), value is empirically and business reality for m ∈ Border demand determines, and in later stage continuous adjusting and optimizing, in the way of reducing alternative valued combinations, can accelerate the convergence of model solution Speed.Therefore keep away peak Optimized model to be optimized for regard to Index Constraints condition：

Wherein, S is the next day maximum power supply that dispatching communication center is issued daily, and m is power consumption index scale factor, right The lower bound of circuit power load maximum enters row constraint, although will meet main constraints be clearly not model optimal solution Valued combinations directly filter, N be a certain power supply administration's total number of users, p_i(t-τ_i) song is changed over for user's i power loads Line, t is the time, τ_iFor moving peak time, this method is not related to shifting peak therefore is taken as zero；

S8 is solved using implicit enumeration method and is kept away peak strategy optimization model, is obtained optimum and is kept away peak scheme

Object function is converted into and seeks minimum optimization problem by S8-1, and in the present embodiment, object function is：

It is translated into：

Wherein, N is to may participate in the Electricity customers number for keeping away peak, and i is i-th to may participate in the Electricity customers for keeping away peak, c_iFor μ_iBe Number.

S8-2 checks c_i≥0,Whether set up, if there is c_i≤ 0, using μ '_i=1- μ_iSubstitute, it is ensured that c_i≥0,Set up.

S8-3 is by all μ in object function_iSorted by coefficient value is descending successively so that have after object function sequence：

Wherein, c_(i)For μ after sequence_(i)Coefficient of correspondence.

Institute's Prescribed Properties are converted into A by S8-4_(i)μ_(i)The form of >=B, in the present embodiment, constraints conversion For：

S8-5 combines accompanying drawing 5, by all μ_(i)0 is set to as maternal case, scheme total number is 2^NIndividual, each scheme is 1 He 0.1 combination.For convenience of represent, μ=0.1 is expressed as into 0, μ=1 and is expressed as 1, according to binary-coded order 0,0 ..., 0,1 }, { 0,0 ..., 1,0 } ... ..., { 1,1 ..., 1,1 } is solved, and first feasible solution is exactly the optimum of multiple objective programming Solution, this optimal solution is to keep away peak optimal case.

Claims (4)

1. a kind of management of power use based on multiple objective programming keeps away peak policy optimization method, it is characterized in that comprising the following steps：

S1 is summarized and is kept away six big class factors of peak impact

Economy, environment, safety, service, management, policy；

S2 introduces the specific targets for weighing the six big class factor

16 altogether, wherein：

Economic class 3：

Caused by loss of income keeps away peak, dynamoelectric benefit is reduced；

GDP losses keep away GDP losses caused by peak；

Peak valley line loss accounts for same day bus wire damage by the line loss that peak-valley difference causes after keeping away peak；

Environmental classes 4：

Coal discharge capacity keeps away coal discharge CER caused by peak；

CO2 emissions keep away CO2 emission CER caused by peak；

SO2 emissions keep away sulfur dioxide (SO2) emissions CER caused by peak；

Nitrogen oxide emission keeps away nitrogen oxides CER caused by peak；

Security classes 3：

Peak-valley difference keeps away the peak-valley difference change of system loading behind peak；

The change in voltage that change in voltage is caused due to load fluctuation after keeping away peak；

The stable state frequency that steady frequency deviation is caused due to load fluctuation after keeping away peak changes；

Service class 3：

Keep away that Electricity customers that peak power off time kept away behind peak are accumulative to answer the normal power supply cumulative time because keeping away peak power off time and account for；

Implementation status of avoiding the peak hour client completes history as requested and avoids the peak hour the number of times of task；

Definition of the customer type electrical network to the priority level of client；

Management class 2：

Pay the fees timely number of times client payment number of times in time within the cycle；

Transgression for using electricity number of times client transgression for using electricity number of times within the cycle；

Policy class 1：

Industry belonging to affiliated industry client, if for support on policy industry；

S3 defines specific targets and the qualitative relationships for keeping away peak prioritization scheme

Economic class：

Keeping away peak prioritization scheme, to be intended to should electrical network loss of income infinitely small；

Keeping away peak prioritization scheme, to be intended to should social GDP loss infinitely small；

Keeping away peak prioritization scheme, to be intended to should peak valley line loss infinitely small；

Environmental classes：

Keeping away peak prioritization scheme should make coal CER as big as possible；

Keeping away peak prioritization scheme should make carbon dioxide emission reduction amount as big as possible；

Keeping away peak prioritization scheme should make sulfur dioxide CER as big as possible；

Keeping away peak prioritization scheme should make nitrogen oxides CER as big as possible；

Security classes：

Keeping away peak prioritization scheme, to be intended to should peak-valley difference infinitely small；

Keeping away peak prioritization scheme, to be intended to should change in voltage infinitely small；

Keeping away peak prioritization scheme, to be intended to should steady frequency deviation infinitely small；

Service class：

Keep away peak prioritization scheme should make to keep away peak power failure impact be intended to it is infinitely small；

Keeping away peak prioritization scheme answers priority protection to avoid the peak hour the supply of electric power of the high client of implementation rate；

Keep away the supply of electric power that peak prioritization scheme answers the high client of Conservation Priority；

Management class：

Keep away the supply of electric power that peak prioritization scheme answers priority protection payment timely client；

Keeping away peak prioritization scheme answers priority protection not have the supply of electric power of the low client of transgression for using electricity history or transgression for using electricity rate；

Policy class：

Keep away the supply of electric power that peak prioritization scheme answers priority protection by the client of support on policy industry；

S4 sets up Electricity customers and participates in keeping away peak scheme and performing mark

The Electricity customers for participating in keeping away peak are divided into into two classes：Keep away peak object or it is non-keep away peak object, so by Electricity customers be whether Keep away peak object and be converted into two-value problem, Electricity customers i to keep away peak mark formula as follows：

S5 is directed to 16 described specific targets, sets up and keeps away peak influence factor's index system based on load relation, including successively Influence factor and Electricity customers load relation is built, and sets up index and system loading relation function；

S6 builds and keeps away peak Policy model

All kinds of influence factors to keeping away peak scheme change in the same direction, are influence factor's Index Weights weight, while introducing weight between each index Constraints, sets up multiple objective function, solves comprehensive optimal models；

S7 strengthens main constraints, and optimization keeps away peak Policy model

The lower bound of the maximum of circuit power load is constrained to into m S, [0,1), value is empirically and business is actual needs m ∈ Determination is asked, and in later stage continuous adjusting and optimizing, in the way of reducing alternative valued combinations, accelerates the convergence rate of model solution； Therefore keep away peak Optimized model to be optimized for regard to Index Constraints condition：

$S\≥max\left(\underset{i=1}{\overset{N}{\Σ}}{\mathrm{\μ}}_i{p}_i\right(t-{\mathrm{\τ}}_i\left)\right)\≥m\·S,t\∈\[0,24),m\∈\[0,1);$

Wherein, S is the next day maximum power supply that dispatching communication center is issued daily, and m is power consumption index scale factor, and N is certain One power supply administration's total number of users, p_i(t-τ_i) curve is changed over for user's i power loads, t is the time；

τ_iFor moving peak time, this method is not related to shifting peak therefore is taken as zero；

S8 is solved using implicit enumeration method and is kept away peak strategy optimization model, is obtained optimum and is kept away peak scheme.

2. the management of power use based on multiple objective programming according to claim 1 keeps away peak policy optimization method, it is characterized in that：

Described step S5 specifically includes following sub-step：

S5-1 builds influence factor and Electricity customers load relation；

1) loss of income rate PL

In the case where unit electric cost is constant, grid company loss of income mainly by keep away peak cause the few electricity consumption of Electricity customers and Underpay what the electricity charge received were caused；One Electricity customers often is defined as keeping away peak object by grid company, and therefore grid company will lose Profit is：

${\mathrm{PL}}_i={\mathrm{\μ}}_i{\∫}_0^{24}P\_{\mathrm{Unit}}_i\left(t\right)p_i\left(t\right)dt;$

Wherein, by unit price of power and unit power supply cost, the dynamoelectric benefit of unit quantity of electricity determines that computing formula is as follows：

P_Unit_i(t)=Electrovalence_i(t)-C_Unit；

Electrovalence_i(t) be t, the unit price of power of client i；Electrovalence_iT () is according to grid company system Industry belonging to fixed time-of-use tariffs strategy and Electricity customers i is determined；C_Unit is powered into for the mean unit of grid company This, is obtained by settlement of transactions；p_iT () changes over curve for user's i power loads；

2) GDP loss rates GDPL

GDP losses cause Electricity customers to be unable to electricity consumption so that being forced to stop production, electricity consumption enterprise is often less with one mainly due to peak is kept away Degree electricity, is converted into the output value with regard to major general's kilowatt-hour, if P_GDP_iMean unit electricity for the affiliated industries of user i is accordingly increased Value, P_GDP_iBy《China Statistical Yearbook》The value added of industry belonging to middle inquiry is learnt with electricity consumption total amount：

$P\_{\mathrm{GDP}}_i=\frac{Total\_{\mathrm{Revenues}}_i}{Total\_Electric\_{\mathrm{Quantity}}_i};$

Wherein, Total_Revenues_iFor the annual gross value added of the affiliated industries of user i, Total_Electric_Quantity_i For the annual electricity consumption total amount of the affiliated industries of user i；

Then, Electricity customers often are defined as keeping away peak object by grid company, and the Electricity customers are converted electrical energy into product less Value：

${\mathrm{GDPL}}_i={\mathrm{\μ}}_{i}P\_{\mathrm{GDP}}_i{\∫}_0^{24}{p}_i\left(t\right)dt;$

3) coal discharge reduction rate CE

Coal reduction of discharging causes Electricity customers to stop producing and reduction pollutant emission mainly due to peak is kept away；If the coal discharge of unit quantity of electricity Amount is referred to as coal transforming factor, and the coal transforming factor of Electricity customers i is designated as α_{Coal, i}, α_{Coal, i}Value have with the affiliated industries of Electricity customers i Close, from《Chinese energy statistical yearbook》And inside electrical network, obtain related data；Electricity consumption enterprise often uses kilowatt-hour less, and just few production is dirty One Electricity customers often is defined as keeping away peak object by dye, grid company, and the Electricity customers will produce pollutant less：

4) CO2 emission reduction rate COE

CO2 emission causes Electricity customers to stop producing and reduction pollutant emission mainly due to peak is kept away；If unit quantity of electricity CO2 emissions are referred to as the carbon dioxide conversion factor, and the coal transforming factor of Electricity customers i is designated as α_{Carbon dioxide, i}, α_{Carbon dioxide, i}'s It is worth, Ke Yicong relevant with the affiliated industries of Electricity customers i《Chinese energy statistical yearbook》And inside electrical network, obtain related data；Electricity consumption Enterprise often uses kilowatt-hour less, just few production pollution；One Electricity customers often is defined as keeping away peak object by grid company, electricity consumption visitor Family will produce pollutant less：

5) sulfur dioxide (SO2) emissions reduction rate SOE

CO2 emission causes Electricity customers to stop producing and reduction pollutant emission mainly due to peak is kept away；If unit quantity of electricity SO2 emissions are referred to as the Sulphur Dioxide factor, and the Sulphur Dioxide factor of Electricity customers i is designated as α_{Sulfur dioxide, i}, α_{Sulfur dioxide, i}Value it is relevant with the affiliated industries of Electricity customers i, Ke Yicong《Chinese energy statistical yearbook》And obtain related inside electrical network Data；Electricity consumption enterprise often uses kilowatt-hour less, just few production pollution, and Electricity customers often are defined as keeping away peak pair by grid company As the Electricity customers will produce pollutant less：

6) discharged nitrous oxides reduction rate NOE

Discharged nitrous oxides cause Electricity customers to stop producing and reduction pollutant emission mainly due to peak is kept away；The nitrogen of unit quantity of electricity Oxide emissions are referred to as the conversion of nitrogen oxides factor, and the conversion of nitrogen oxides factor of Electricity customers i is designated as α_{Nitrogen oxides, i}, α_{Nitrogen oxides, i}Value it is relevant with the affiliated industries of Electricity customers i, Ke Yicong《Chinese energy statistical yearbook》And obtain related inside electrical network Data；Electricity consumption enterprise often uses kilowatt-hour less, just few production pollution, and Electricity customers often are defined as keeping away peak pair by grid company As the Electricity customers will produce pollutant less：

7) avoid the peak hour implementation rate PSE

Single implementation rate of avoiding the peak hour refers to that certain client completes history as requested and avoids the peak hour the ratio of task, the execution of avoiding the peak hour of Electricity customers i The computing formula of rate is as follows：

${\mathrm{PSE}}_i=\frac{Actual\_{\mathrm{Averting}}_i+Actual\_{\mathrm{Shifting}}_i}{Plan\_{\mathrm{Averting}}_i+Plan\_{\mathrm{Shifting}}_i};$

Wherein, Actual_Averting_iFor Electricity customers i it is actual perform keep away peak number of times, Actual_Shifting_iFor reality The shifting peak number of times of execution；Corresponding Plan_Averting_iPeak number of times, Plan_ are kept away for what Electricity customers i plans should be performed Shifting_iFor the shifting peak number of times for planning to perform；

8) customer type UT

Its value of customer type is discrete type, index value can be carried out Quantitative marking according to service needed, then be mapped to Interval [0,1]；

9) pay the fees promptness rate PT

When carrying out keeping away peak scheme optimization, the supply of electric power of the priority protection payment high client of promptness rate answered, and Electricity customers are paid The computing formula for taking promptness rate is as follows：

${\mathrm{PT}}_i=\frac{Count\_Pay\_in\_{\mathrm{Time}}_i}{Count\_{\mathrm{Pay}}_i};$

Wherein, Count_Pay_in_Time_iFor the number of times of Electricity customers i payments in time, Count_Pay_iAnswering for Electricity customers i Payment total degree；

10) transgression for using electricity rate VPU

When carrying out keeping away peak scheme optimization, priority protection is answered not have the electric power of the low client of transgression for using electricity history or transgression for using electricity rate Supply；The computing formula of the transgression for using electricity rate of Electricity customers is as follows：

${\mathrm{VPU}}_i=\frac{Violate\_Power\_{\mathrm{Use}}_i}{Total\_Violate\_Power\_Use};$

Wherein, Violate_Power_Use_iFor the number of times of Electricity customers i transgression for using electricity in the cycle, Total_Violate_ Power_Use is the total degree of each Electricity customers transgression for using electricity in the cycle；

11) industry TR belonging to

Take and keep away peak strategy, then target is that the preferential Electricity customers execution for scoring low to industry keeps away peak, and its object function can be with table It is shown as：

μ_i·TR_i；

S5-2 sets up index and system loading relation function

1) loss of income rate PL

The profit of grid company same day loss underpays the electricity charge received by the client that all participations keep away peak；By working as with grid company The gross profit for day obtaining is compared, and is obtained same day grid company and is calculated public affairs because keeping away loss of income ratio caused by peak, loss of income rate Formula is as follows：

Wherein,For normal power supply when the whole day gross profit that should obtain from Electricity customers i of electrical network,The whole day gross profit that electrical network is obtained from Electricity customers i behind peak is kept away for performing；

2) GDP loss rates GDPL

The loss of one area GDP keeps away the total production value that the client at peak converts less for all participations, by producing with same day area GDP is compared, and caused by obtaining same day this area because keeping away peak, GDP loses ratio, due to the unit quantity of electricity correspondence of each Electricity customers Value added collection it is more difficult, be convenience of calculation, it is contemplated that the mean unit electricity value added of the affiliated industry of Electricity customers, GDP loss rate computing formula are as follows：

Wherein,For normal power supply when Electricity customers i whole days total output value, For performing the total output value for keeping away Electricity customers i whole days behind peak；

3) peak valley line loss per unit PVLL

The computing formula of peak valley line loss per unit is as follows：

Wherein, W_AlwaysDamage for same day bus wire；Its calculating can take the difference of power supply total amount and sale of electricity total amount, the following institute of computing formula Show：

W_Always=Power_Supply_Volume-Power_Sell_Volume；

Power_Supply_Volume powered total amount for the same day, and Power_Sell_Volume is same day sale of electricity total amount；

W_{Peak valley}It is the line loss caused by peak-valley difference, computing formula is as follows：

W_{Peak valley}=(3I²R+3ΔI²R)·24h

$I=\frac{P}{U}$

$\mathrm{\Δ}I=\frac{\max P\left(t\right)-\min P\left(t\right)}{U};$

Wherein, I is current effective value when not considering load variations, the curent change virtual value that Δ I causes for load fluctuation, P For not considering load virtual value during load variations, U is voltage effective value when not considering load variations；

The calculating of circuit power load curve P (t) need to consider specifically to keep away peak strategy, the calculating of circuit power load curve P (t) Formula is as follows：

$P\left(t\right)=\underset{i=1}{\overset{N}{\mathrm{\Σ}}}{\mathrm{\μ}}_i{p}_i\left(t\right),t\∈\[0,24);$

4) coal discharge reduction rate CE

Take and keep away peak strategy, coal discharge reduction rate computing formula is as follows：

Wherein,For normal power supply when Electricity customers i whole days coal discharge capacity,For performing Keep away the coal discharge capacity of Electricity customers i whole days behind peak；

5) CO2 emission reduction rate COE

Take and keep away peak strategy, then CO2 emission reduction rate computing formula is as follows：

Wherein,For normal power supply when Electricity customers i whole days CO2 emissions, For performing the CO2 emissions for keeping away Electricity customers i whole days behind peak；

6) sulfur dioxide (SO2) emissions reduction rate SOE

Take and keep away peak strategy, then sulfur dioxide (SO2) emissions reduction rate computing formula is as follows：

Wherein,For normal power supply when Electricity customers i whole days SO2 emissions,For performing the SO2 emissions for keeping away Electricity customers i whole days behind peak；

7) discharged nitrous oxides reduction rate NOE

Take and keep away peak strategy, then discharged nitrous oxides reduction rate computing formula is as follows：

Wherein,For normal power supply when Electricity customers i whole days SO2 emissions,For performing the SO2 emissions for keeping away Electricity customers i whole days behind peak；

8) peak-valley ratio VP

Peak-valley ratio VP computing formula are as follows：

$VP=\frac{\max \left(P\right(t))-\min \left(P\right(t))}{\max \left(P\right(t))},t\∈\[0,24);$

Wherein, P (t) changes over curve for power load；

9) voltage change ratio VC

Voltage change ratio refers to keeps away the voltage change ratio caused due to load fluctuation after peak prioritization scheme is performed；The following institute of computing formula Show：

$VC=\left|\frac{U_2-U_1}{U_1}\right|;$

U₁For not considering the voltage effective value of load variations, it is known；U₂For considering the voltage effective value after load variations, meter Calculate formula as follows：

$U_2=\sqrt{U_1^2-2\sqrt{3}{U}_{1}I+3({\mathrm{\α}}^2+{\mathrm{\β}}^2)I^2+K\mathrm{\Δ}I};$

Wherein, I is current effective value when not considering load variations, the curent change virtual value that Δ I causes for load fluctuation, α It is the parameter related to line impedance R and X to β；Power factor (PF) is made to be cos φ, then the following institute of the computing formula of each relevant parameter Show：

$K=-2\sqrt{3}{\mathrm{\αU}}_1+6({\mathrm{\α}}^2+{\mathrm{\β}}^2)I+3({\mathrm{\α}}^2+{\mathrm{\β}}^2)\mathrm{\Δ}I$

$I=\frac{P\left(t\right)}{U_1}$

$\mathrm{\Δ}I=\frac{\max P\left(t\right)-\min P\left(t\right)}{U_1}$

α=R cos φ+X sin φ

β=X cos φ+R sin φ；

10) steady frequency deviation ratio SFD

Steady frequency deviation ratio SFD computing formula are as follows：

$SFD=\frac{\max P\left(t\right)-\min P\left(t\right)}{\[1/(1/R_{eq}+K_f)\]}/f;$

Wherein, 1/R_eqFor comprehensive difference coefficient, calculated according to practical situation by business department, K_fChange with frequency for load power Characteristic coefficient, takes K_f=2.89, f are voltage steady frequency；

11) keep away peak power failure contributive rate PSA

Keep away peak power failure contributive rate refer to that the Electricity customers kept away after peak prioritization scheme is performed are accumulative normally should be for because keeping away that peak power off time accounts for The ratio of electric cumulative time；The computing formula for keeping away peak power failure contributive rate is as follows：

$PSA=\frac{count(\mathrm{\μ}=0.1)}{N};$

12) avoid the peak hour implementation rate PSE

Implementation rate of avoiding the peak hour target is that the preferential Electricity customers execution low to implementation rate of avoiding the peak hour keeps away peak, and computing formula is：

$PSE=\frac{-\underset{i=1}{\overset{N}{\Σ}}{\mathrm{\μ}}_i\·{\mathrm{PSE}}_i}{N};$

13) customer type UT

Take and keep away peak strategy, then target is that the preferential Electricity customers execution low to customer grade keeps away peak, the letter of overall customer type Number can be expressed as：

$UT=\frac{-\underset{i=1}{\overset{N}{\Σ}}{\mathrm{\μ}}_i\·{\mathrm{UT}}_i}{N};$

14) pay the fees promptness rate PT

The preferential execution to the low Electricity customers of promptness rate of paying the fees kept away in peak keeps away peak, and its object function can be expressed as：

$PT=\frac{-\underset{i=1}{\overset{N}{\Σ}}{\mathrm{\μ}}_i\·{\mathrm{PT}}_i}{N};$

15) transgression for using electricity rate VPU

Take and keep away peak strategy, then target is that the preferential Electricity customers high to transgression for using electricity rate are performed and keep away peak, its object function can be with It is expressed as：

$VPU=\frac{\underset{i=1}{\overset{N}{\Σ}}{\mathrm{\μ}}_i\·{\mathrm{VPU}}_i}{N};$

16) industry TR belonging to

Take and keep away peak strategy, then target is that the preferential Electricity customers execution for scoring low to industry keeps away peak, and its object function can be with table It is shown as：

$TR=\frac{-\underset{i=1}{\overset{N}{\Σ}}{\mathrm{\μ}}_i\·{\mathrm{TR}}_i}{N}.$

3. the management of power use based on multiple objective programming according to claim 2 keeps away peak policy optimization method, it is characterized in that：Institute The step of stating S6 includes following sub-step：

S6-1 changes in the same direction to all kinds of influence factors for keeping away peak scheme, is minimum excellent by the optimization aim unification of each desired value Change, it is only necessary to which the index not in the same direction to part takes negative sign and be just capable of achieving；Introduce in the same directionization factor θ_j：

S6-2 is influence factor's Index Weights weight, after in the same directionization is completed to index, is needed with reference to business practical situation, to certain In time cycle, the significance level of each index is ranked up, and is assigned to corresponding weights omega_j；

S6-3 in reality, as multiple indexs can not possibly be optimal simultaneously, needs to set up multiple objective function, solves comprehensively most It is excellent；Set up multiple objective programming object function：

$\begin{array}{cc}min& \underset{j=1}{\overset{16}{\Σ}}{\mathrm{\ω}}_j\·{\mathrm{\θ}}_j\·X_j\end{array};$

Wherein, ω_jFor the corresponding weight of j-th index, θ_jFor corresponding same chemotactic factor；X_jFor the expression of j-th index Formula, X_j∈[0,1]；X_jEmbody form and the bound for objective function with take keep away peak strategy and corresponding Keep away peak prioritization scheme related；

S6-4 sets up constraints according to the given power consumption index of electric dispatching department：

$S\≥max\left(\underset{i=1}{\overset{N}{\Σ}}{\mathrm{\μ}}_i{p}_i\right(t\left)\right),t\∈\[0,24);$

Wherein, S is the same day power consumption index that electric dispatching department gives, and i is i-th Electricity customers；Formula is constrained to and is performing After keeping away peak management, determined by keep away peak strategy and must assure that described in the same day that the power load in area is necessarily less than equal to power scheduling Given power consumption index；

Set up weight constraints condition between each index：

$\underset{j=1}{\overset{j=16}{\Σ}}{\mathrm{\ω}}_j=1,{\mathrm{\ω}}_j\∈\[0,1\],\∀j\∈\[1,16\];$

The interval of all of index of constraint requirements must be in 0 to 1, and the weight sum of all indexs is 1.

4. the management of power use based on multiple objective programming according to claim 1 keeps away peak policy optimization method, it is characterized in that：Institute The step of stating S8 includes following sub-step：

Object function is converted into and seeks minimum optimization problem by S8-1；

Whether all coefficient weights are both greater than 0 for S8-2 examinations, if there is μ_iCoefficient be less than 0, using μ '_i=1- μ_iSubstitute, it is ensured that All coefficients are more than zero；

S8-3 is by all μ in object function_iSorted by coefficient value is descending successively；

Institute's Prescribed Properties are converted into A by S8-4_iμ_iThe form of >=B；

S8-5 is by all μ_i0 is set to as maternal case, the binary coding of one N position of all schematic design makings, according to binary sized Order is solved, and first feasible solution is the optimal solution of model.