CN103209849B - 混合变速器 - Google Patents

混合变速器 Download PDF

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CN103209849B
CN103209849B CN201180051671.5A CN201180051671A CN103209849B CN 103209849 B CN103209849 B CN 103209849B CN 201180051671 A CN201180051671 A CN 201180051671A CN 103209849 B CN103209849 B CN 103209849B
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gear
output shaft
torque
driven
power unit
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CN103209849A (zh
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米尔恰·格莱杜
贝特霍尔德·马丁
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FCA US LLC
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Chrysler Group LLC
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K6/00—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
    • B60K6/20—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs
    • B60K6/22—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs
    • B60K6/36—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs characterised by the transmission gearings
    • B60K6/365—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs characterised by the transmission gearings with the gears having orbital motion
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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    • B60K6/00—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
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    • B60K6/48—Parallel type
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    • B60K6/00—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
    • B60K6/20—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs
    • B60K6/50—Architecture of the driveline characterised by arrangement or kind of transmission units
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    • B60K6/547—Transmission for changing ratio the transmission being a stepped gearing
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
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    • F16D—COUPLINGS FOR TRANSMITTING ROTATION; CLUTCHES; BRAKES
    • F16D25/00—Fluid-actuated clutches
    • F16D25/10—Clutch systems with a plurality of fluid-actuated clutches
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16H—GEARING
    • F16H3/00—Toothed gearings for conveying rotary motion with variable gear ratio or for reversing rotary motion
    • F16H3/44—Toothed gearings for conveying rotary motion with variable gear ratio or for reversing rotary motion using gears having orbital motion
    • F16H3/72—Toothed gearings for conveying rotary motion with variable gear ratio or for reversing rotary motion using gears having orbital motion with a secondary drive, e.g. regulating motor, in order to vary speed continuously
    • F16H3/724—Toothed gearings for conveying rotary motion with variable gear ratio or for reversing rotary motion using gears having orbital motion with a secondary drive, e.g. regulating motor, in order to vary speed continuously using external powered electric machines
    • F16H3/725—Toothed gearings for conveying rotary motion with variable gear ratio or for reversing rotary motion using gears having orbital motion with a secondary drive, e.g. regulating motor, in order to vary speed continuously using external powered electric machines with means to change ratio in the mechanical gearing
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K6/00—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
    • B60K6/20—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs
    • B60K6/42—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by the architecture of the hybrid electric vehicle
    • B60K6/48—Parallel type
    • B60K2006/4808—Electric machine connected or connectable to gearbox output shaft
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
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    • F16D—COUPLINGS FOR TRANSMITTING ROTATION; CLUTCHES; BRAKES
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
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Abstract

一种多速度混合变速器，包括：主齿轮组，所述主齿轮组连接至车辆的可燃气体发动机且将转矩提供至输出轴。所述变速器还包括电力驱动单元，该电力驱动单元包括可选地连接至所述输出轴以将额外转矩提供至所述输出轴的电动机。当所述电力驱动单元连接至所述输出轴时，该电力驱动单元在某些驾驶条件下（例如以低档或高档高速加速时）提高车辆性能同时还提高燃料效率。

Description

混合变速器
技术领域
本发明涉及车辆变速器，更具体地涉及混合车辆变速器。
背景技术
传统的自动变速器包括接收来自发动机的转矩的转矩变换器以及接收来自转矩变换器的转矩的行星齿轮组。行星齿轮组提供了各种传动比的转矩，因而提供了各种驱动速度。变速器通常还包括流体压力操作的多板驱动离合器或制动离合器和/或制动带，其连接至行星齿轮组的各个元件以允许在各个传动比之间转换。此外，自动变速器还可包括单向离合器（即超越离合器），所述单向离合器与多板离合器配合以优化动力换档控制。此外，典型的变速器包括用于可选地施加和释放元件以使齿轮变速的控制器。
美国专利申请公布2008/0312022中公开了一种先进的模块式六速变速器的示例，该美国专利申请转让给本申请的受让人且通过引入并入本文中。相比当时本领域中已知的其他变速器，在公布2008/0312022中公开的变速器利用不太复杂和低成本的解决方案提高了车辆性能和燃料经济性。然而，本发明人已经意识到希望改进变速器以进一步改进车辆性能和提高燃料效率。
发明内容
在各个示例实施方式中，本发明所描述的技术提供了用于车辆的多速度混合变速器。所述多速度混合变速器包括主齿轮组，该主齿轮组连接至可燃气体发动机且将第一组转矩提供至输出轴。所述变速器还包括电力驱动单元，该电力驱动单元包括电动机，该电动机可选地连接至所述输出轴以将额外的转矩提供至所述输出轴。当所述电力驱动单元连接至所述输出轴时，该电力驱动单元在某些驾驶条件下提高车辆性能同时还提高燃料效率。
在一个形式中，本公开提供了混合变速器，所述混合变速器包括主齿轮组、电力驱动单元和控制器。所述主齿轮组通过输入轴连接至发动机。所述主齿轮组包括配置成将转矩提供至输出轴的多个行星齿轮和多个换档元件。所述电力驱动单元包括电动机，所述电动机可选地联接至所述输出轴以将额外转矩提供至所述输出轴。所述控制器与所述主齿轮组和所述电力驱动单元可操作地相关联以使所述变速器以第一操作模式传送所述转矩，且使所述电动机联接至所述输出轴从而以第二操作模式传送所述转矩和所述额外转矩。
在另一形式中，本公开提供一种车辆动力系统，所述车辆动力系统包括可燃气体发动机和变速器，该变速器通过输入轴连接至所述发动机。所述变速器包括主齿轮组、电力驱动单元和控制器。所述主齿轮组通过所述输入轴连接至所述发动机且包括配置成将转矩提供至输出轴的多个行星齿轮和多个换档元件。所述电力驱动单元包括电动机，所述电动机可选地联接至所述输出轴以将额外转矩提供至所述输出轴。所述控制器与所述主齿轮组和所述电力驱动单元可操作地相关联以使所述变速器以第一操作模式传送转矩，且使所述电动机连接至所述输出轴从而以第二操作模式传送所述转矩和额外转矩。
从下文提供的详细描述中，本公开的其他应用领域将变得明显。应当理解，包括所公开的实施方式和附图的详细描述实质上仅仅是示例性的、旨在仅用于说明的目的而不用于限制本发明的范围、应用或用途。因此，不脱离本发明的主旨的变型意在包含在本发明的范围内。
附图说明
图1示出根据本发明的原理的包括混合变速器的车辆动力系统；
图2为示出用于本文所公开的混合变速器的示例换档序列的表；
图3示出根据本发明的原理的包括混合变速器的车辆动力系统；
图4示出根据本发明的原理的车辆混合变速器的一部分；
图5示出根据本发明的原理的车辆混合变速器的一部分；和
图6示出根据本发明的原理的车辆混合变速器的一部分。
具体实施方式
图1示出根据本文中所描述的实施方式的包括混合自动变速器12的示例性车辆动力系统10。动力系统10还包括通过齿轮组15可操作地连接至变速器12的差动齿轮13。变速器12包括转矩变换器18和输入轴16，该输入轴16通过转矩变换器18可操作地连接至可燃气体发动机14。转矩从发动机14通过转矩变换器18传送到输入轴16。
变速器12还包括具有与输入轴16可操作地相关联的主齿轮组22的主箱20。主箱20可为在美国专利申请公布2008/0312022中所公开的主箱。所示出的主齿轮组22包括第一行星齿轮组30和第二行星齿轮组32，其相对于彼此具有相同数目的齿。第一行星齿轮组30是本领域的普通技术人员易于理解的常见的行星齿轮组，并且包括内齿轮30a、至少一个行星齿轮30p和太阳齿轮30s。第二行星齿轮组32也是常见的行星齿轮组且包括内齿轮32a、至少一个行星齿轮32p和太阳齿轮32s。
主齿轮组22还可具有多个液压驱动的啮合元件或换档元件。这些换档元件可包括三个驱动离合器23、24、25和两个制动离合器26、27，这些离合器可用于使行星齿轮组30、32中的一个或多个齿轮接地至主箱20壳体。第一驱动离合器23通常被称为低档（UD）离合器。第二驱动离合器24通常被称为超速（OD）离合器。第三驱动离合器25经常被称为倒档（R）离合器。第一制动离合器26通常被称为2-4（2-4）离合器。第二制动离合器27通常被称为低速-倒档（LR）离合器。
车辆还可包括与变速器12可操作地通信的控制器36。尽管未示出，但变速器12还可包括与控制器36可操作地相关联的泵以及泵与驱动离合器23、驱动离合器24、驱动离合器25和/或制动离合器26、制动离合器27通信的多个线路。还可包括与常见的变速器相关的其他部件（例如换能器、螺线管等），但未示出或描述。这是因为它们对于理解本发明的所示出的实施方式的特征不是必需的，因此。所连接的控制器36接收由输入轴速度传感器38、传送速度传感器40（其监控主齿轮组22的输出端的旋转速度）、和车辆传感器44（其监控包括车辆速度和操作者输入的其他车辆操作信息，例如制动踏板位置和加速踏板位置）产生的信号。如果需要，控制器36还可连接至输出轴速度传感器（未示出）。
应当理解，控制器36可以可选地以任何方式启动驱动离合器23、驱动离合器24、驱动离合器25和/或制动离合器26、制动离合器27。在图2中示出了一个具体的控制方案，且该控制方案在下文中更详细地进行论述。如在美国专利申请公布2008/0312022中所公开的，控制器36可通过将信号（脉冲宽度调制的激励信号）提供至螺线管操作的液压流体供给阀而应用给定的离合器23、离合器24、离合器25、离合器26、离合器27，该液压流体供给阀反过来控制可被给定的离合器23、离合器24、离合器25、离合器26、离合器27中的一个离合器所承载的转矩的量。应当理解，根据车辆条件，例如驱动器所选择的换档程序（即前进档、倒档、空档等）、加速器位置、发动机条件和车辆速度，控制器选择合适的档位。还应当理解，变速器12可具有任何适宜的换档元件（例如驱动离合器和制动离合器）配置，以限定主齿轮组22且可选地实现多个所期望的传动比，利用该传动比来驱动变速器的输出轴28。
主齿轮组22通过齿轮轴52、螺旋输出齿轮53、传动齿轮54和传动轴55连接至输出轴28。螺旋输出齿轮53和传动齿轮54彼此连续啮合。
为了进一步提高在某些情况下（例如以低档高速加速时）的车辆性能以及提高燃料经济性，电力驱动单元60可联接至输出轴28以形成电力/气体混合变速器。电力驱动单元60包括电动机62，该电动机可以是具有10秒20kW最大功率和10kW连续功率的同步电动机。当电动机不使用时关闭同步电动机的磁场以防止制动转矩降低燃料经济性。电动机62通过轴72连接至包括行星齿轮组64的第一减速级。行星齿轮组64是常见的行星齿轮组且包括内齿轮64a、至少一个行星齿轮64p和太阳齿轮64s。太阳齿轮64s连接至轴72，内齿轮64a接地，行星齿轮64p通过轴74连接至第二减速级。
第二减速级包括行星齿轮组66，该行星齿轮组66为常见的行星齿轮组且包括内齿轮66a、至少一个行星齿轮66p和太阳齿轮66s。太阳齿轮66s连接至轴74，内齿轮66a接地，行星齿轮66p通过轴76连接至高速联接装置68。在图1中，示出在接合位置中的高速联接装置68，从而输出轴28与轴76接合；在该配置中，电力驱动单元60将转矩作用至输出轴28，如下文更详细描述的。当高速联接装置68处于断开位置时，输出轴28与轴76分离；在该配置中，电力驱动单元60没有将转矩作用至输出轴28。
还参照图2，现描述控制器36如何自动控制变速器12的示例。在该示例中，当控制器36应用第一驱动离合器23（UD）和第二制动离合器27（LR）时，实现了传动比为2.842的第一档。在该示例中，为了从第一档切换到传动比为1.573的第二档，控制器36应用第一制动离合器26（2-4），同时释放第二制动离合器27（LR）且保持应用第一驱动离合器23（UD）。在该示例中，为了从第二档切换到传动比为1.000的第三档，控制器36应用第二驱动离合器24（OD），同时释放第一制动离合器26（2-4），且保持应用第一驱动离合器23（UD）。在该示例中，为了从第三档切换到传动比为0.689的第四档，控制器36释放第一驱动离合器23（UD），且应用第一制动离合器26（2-4），同时保持应用第二驱动离合器24（OD）。为了使变速器处于传动比为-2.214的倒档中，控制器36应用第三驱动离合器25（R）和第二制动离合器27（LR）。
在气体操作模式中，高速联接装置68断开，这意味着仅由发动机14产生的转矩被提供至输出轴28。应当注意，控制器36可接合高速联接装置68以将输出轴28连接至轴76，从而允许电力驱动单元60将转矩作用至输出轴28。这导致了电力/气体混合操作模式。在示出的实施方式中，高速联接装置68的接合将发生在低档（即如图2中示出的传动比为2.842的档1）中以在该档期间提供加速。在示出的示例中，从发动机14到差动齿轮13的动力按如下方式分布在整个动力系统10中。来自发动机14的222Nm的输出应用至转矩变换器18。离开转矩变换器18而在轴16上的转矩是443Nm，其被应用至主箱20。在齿轮轴52上的转矩是1258Nm，该转矩在传动轴55处变成1190Nm（由于输出齿轮53和传动齿轮54的齿轮传动）。在电力驱动单元60中，轴72的转矩为50Nm，轴74的转矩为175Nm且轴76的转矩为350Nm。在点A处对转矩作用求和且乘以3.16，3.16是齿轮组15的传动比。来自动力系统10的最终转矩为4896Nm。
在图1中示出的变速器12提供了胜于常规的自动变速器的多个优点。例如，在电力/气体混合操作模式中，示出的实施方式使由电动机提供的转矩与通过主箱20的主齿轮组22而最大化的输入转矩相结合。当变速器处于低档时，该结合提供了高速加速。此外，因为电力被用在某些齿轮中，故电力驱动单元60的电动机62使燃料效率增加了约15%至约20%。
图3示出了根据本文所描述的另一实施方式的包括混合自动变速器112的示例车辆动力系统110。与图1中的动力系统10类似，动力系统110也包括可操作地连接至混合自动变速器112的差动齿轮13。在示出的实施方式中，动力系统110中所包括的部件（诸如发动机14、输入轴16、转矩变换器18、主箱20、输入轴速度传感器38、传送速度传感器40、和车辆传感器44）与动力系统10（图1）中所包含的部件基本相同。因此，不再提供这些部件的描述。动力系统110包括控制器136，该控制器136可类似于动力系统10的控制器36，除了所示出的实施方式的齿轮传动按照如下所述进行控制外。
主齿轮组22通过齿轮轴52、螺旋输出齿轮53、传动齿轮54和传动轴55连接至输出轴128。螺旋输出齿轮53和传动齿轮54彼此连续啮合。
根据第二实施方式，为了进一步提高在某些情况下（例如以高档高速加速时）的车辆性能以及提高燃料效率，电力驱动单元160连接至输出轴128以形成电力/气体混合变速器。电力驱动单元160包括电动机62，该电动机可以是具有10秒20kW最大功率和10kW连续功率的同步电动机。当电动机不使用时关闭同步电动机的磁场以防止制动转矩降低燃料经济性。电动机62通过轴172连接至包含行星齿轮组164的减速级。行星齿轮组164是常见的行星齿轮组且包括内齿轮164a、至少一个行星齿轮164p和太阳齿轮164s。太阳齿轮164s连接至轴172，内齿轮164a接地，行星齿轮164p通过轴174连接至高速联接装置168。
在图3中，示出在接合位置中的高速联接装置168，从而输出轴128与轴176接合；在该配置中，电力驱动单元160将转矩作用至输出轴128，如下文更详细描述的。这是电力/气体混合操作模式。当高速联接装置168处于断开位置时，输出轴128与轴176分离；在该配置中，电力驱动单元160没有将转矩作用至输出轴128。这是气体操作模式。
应当注意，控制器136可接合高速联接装置168以将输出轴128连接至轴176从而允许电力驱动单元160将转矩作用至输出轴128。在示出的实施方式中，高速联接装置168的接合将发生在高档（即如图2中示出的传动比为1.000的档3和传动比为0.689的档4）中，以在这些档期间提供加速。在示出的示例中，从发动机14到差动齿轮13的动力按如下方式分布在整个动力系统110中。来自发动机14的100Nm的输出应用至转矩变换器18。因为在该实施方式中转矩变换器被锁定，因此离开转矩变换器18而在轴16上的转矩是100Nm，其被应用至主箱20。在齿轮轴52上的转矩是69Nm，该转矩在传动轴55处变成65Nm（由于输出齿轮53和传动齿轮54的齿轮传动）。在电力驱动单元160中，轴172的转矩为25Nm，轴176的转矩为80Nm。在点B处对转矩作用求和且乘以3.16，3.16是齿轮组15的传动比。来自动力系统110的最终转矩为551Nm。
图3的变速器112提供了优于常规的自动变速器的多个优点。例如，在电力/气体混合模式中，示出的实施方式使由电动机提供的转矩与由主箱20的主齿轮组22所提供的输入转矩相结合。当变速器处于较高档时，该结合提供了高速加速。此外，因为电力被用在某些齿轮中，故电力驱动单元160的电动机162的燃料效率增加了约15%至20%。
图4示出了根据本文所公开的另一实施方式的车辆混合变速器212的一部分。变速器212包括连接至输出轴228的电力驱动单元260。输出轴228连接至传动轴55。尽管未示出，但还包括联接装置以可选地将电力驱动单元260的电动机262联接至输出轴228（当控制器确定这样做是有利的时）。应当注意，还可包括车辆动力系统的其他部分（例如差动齿轮13、发动机14、齿轮组15、输入轴16、转矩变换器18、主箱20、控制器36/控制器136、和传感器36、传感器38、传感器40），但出于方便未示出或描述。
在示出的实施方式中，电动机262通过轴272连接至包括行星齿轮组264的减速级。行星齿轮组264是常见的行星齿轮组且包括内齿轮264a、至少一个行星齿轮264p和太阳齿轮264s。太阳齿轮264s通过轴272连接至电动机262，内齿轮264a连接至输出轴228，行星齿轮264p连接至轴274，该轴274连接至差动齿轮（未示出）。
图5示出了根据本文所公开的另一实施方式的车辆混合变速器312的一部分。变速器312包括连接至输出轴328的电力驱动单元360。输出轴328连接至传动轴55。尽管未示出，但还包括联接装置以可选地将电力驱动单元360的电动机362联接至输出轴328（当控制器确定这样做是有利的时）。应当注意，还可包括车辆动力系统的其他部分（例如差动齿轮13、发动机14、齿轮组15、输入轴16、转矩变换器18、主箱20、控制器36/控制器136、和传感器36、传感器38、传感器40），但出于方便未示出或描述。
在示出的实施方式中，电动机362通过轴372连接至包括行星齿轮组364的减速级。行星齿轮组364是常见的行星齿轮组且包括内齿轮364a、至少一个行星齿轮364p和太阳齿轮364s。太阳齿轮364s连接至输出轴328，内齿轮364a通过轴372连接至电动机362，行星齿轮364p连接至轴374，该轴374连接至差动齿轮（未示出）。
图6示出了根据本文所公开的另一实施方式的车辆混合变速器412的一部分。变速器412包括连接至输出轴428的电力驱动单元460。输出轴428连接至传动轴55。尽管未示出，但还包括联接装置以可选地将电力驱动单元460的电动机462联接至输出轴428（当控制器确定这样做是有利的时）。应当注意，还可包括车辆动力系统的其他部分（例如差动齿轮13、发动机14、齿轮组15、输入轴16、转矩变换器18、主箱20、控制器36/控制器136、和传感器36、传感器38、传感器40），但出于方便未示出或描述。在示出的实施方式中，电动机462直接连接至输出轴（当接合联接装置时）。在该实施方式中没有减速齿轮组。输出轴428连接至差动齿轮（未示出）。
应当理解，电动机62、电动机262、电动机362、电动机462可为在低档时实现加速或在高档期间实现加速所需的任意电动机。对于所使用的电动机和所需的加速场景，所需要的仅是对控制器进行适当的编程/设置。

Claims (2)

1.一种混合变速器，包括：
主齿轮组，所述主齿轮组通过输入轴连接至发动机且包括配置成将转矩提供至输出轴的多个行星齿轮和多个换档元件；
电力驱动单元，所述电力驱动单元可选地联接至所述输出轴以将额外转矩提供至所述输出轴，所述电力驱动单元包括：
电动机；
联接装置，所述联接装置连接至所述输出轴；
第一齿轮组，所述第一齿轮组包括第一太阳齿轮、第一行星齿轮和第一内齿轮，所述第一太阳齿轮联接至所述电动机；以及
第二齿轮组，所述第二齿轮组包括第二太阳齿轮、第二行星齿轮和第二内齿轮，所述第二太阳齿轮联接至所述第一齿轮组的所述第一行星齿轮，且所述第二行星齿轮联接至所述联接装置；
控制器，所述控制器与所述主齿轮组和所述电力驱动单元可操作地相关联以使所述变速器以第一操作模式传送所述转矩，且使所述电动机联接至所述输出轴从而以第二操作模式传送所述转矩和所述额外转矩，
其中，所述第一操作模式为气体模式且所述第二操作模式为电力/气体混合模式。
2.根据权利要求1所述的变速器，其中，当所述主齿轮组在低档时，所述控制器使所述电动机联接至所述输出轴。
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