CN103195247B - Saddle-shaped hyperboloidal concrete slab construction method - Google Patents
Saddle-shaped hyperboloidal concrete slab construction method Download PDFInfo
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- CN103195247B CN103195247B CN201310139510.2A CN201310139510A CN103195247B CN 103195247 B CN103195247 B CN 103195247B CN 201310139510 A CN201310139510 A CN 201310139510A CN 103195247 B CN103195247 B CN 103195247B
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Abstract
The invention relates to a saddle-shaped hyperboloidal concrete slab construction method, and belongs to the technical field of building construction. The method includes the steps of surveying and lining, upright rod erecting, support system construction, fillet mounting, formwork set up, reinforcement assembling, cover plate building, concrete pouring and the like. The method ingenuously utilizes the hyperboloid geometric characteristic that any point on a hyperboloid can extend to form two intersection straight lines positioned on the hyperboloid, and building materials of all supports and formwork supports are kept straight. Therefore, compared with the prior art, the method has the advantages that common traditional building materials such as steel pipes, reinforcements and wood boards are needed only, complex curves need not to be drawn, manufacturing of bent members is completely unnecessary, construction is quite convenient, requirements on skills of operators are low, good concrete structure forming impression is guaranteed easily, and detached building materials can be recycled after completion.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of construction method, especially a kind of shape of a saddle hyperboloid concrete slab construction method, belongs to technical field of building construction.
Background technology
From space geometry, hyperbola carries out rotation around ellipse can form hyperboloid, and such as, locating elliptic equation zero point in z-axis is:
Locating Hyperbolic Equation zero point in y-axis is:
Hyperboloid can be formed when above-mentioned hyperbola carries out rotation along ellipse.And upwards project with quadrangle immediately below hyperboloid, hyperboloid cuts the curved surface and is shape of a saddle hyperboloid.
Along with becoming increasingly abundant of architectural image is colorful, shape of a saddle hyperboloid structural construction exterior design is applied.This structure breaches construction pattern in the past, has the individual style of a pair upper uplifting angle and a pair time sinking angle.But, because relative to plane, shape of a saddle hyperboloid seems that complex shape is many, adopting traditional beam-slab template facture to realize concrete slab builds not only very high to the technical requirements of operating personnel, be difficult to ensure construction quality, and work efficiency is extremely low, modern Construction Schedule requirement cannot be met.
Retrieval find, application number be 200910080678.4 Chinese patent application disclose a kind of construction method with the building concrete end face of surface modeling, space curved surface structure is carried out horizontal projection by the method; Horizontal plane is divided into several grids; By setting up local coordinate system, calculate the absolute altitude on the space curved surface in horizontal plane coordinate system corresponding to each grid node; Determine the position of each load steel pipe cross bar according to each elevation data, to complete built operation, then, form back of the body a tree, used in making timber for boats according to elevation data, then formed back of the body a tree, used in making timber for boats is fixed on corresponding each load steel pipe cross bar; The small particle diameter of appropriate water reducing agent and flyash is mixed in concrete; Pump line is first arranged in the lowest part of double-parabolic slab, diagonally cloth from the bottom up, advances to peak; Pump truck replaces blanking in cornerwise both sides, builds and vibrates, by artificial along with making real, receiving light.Adopt the method to build curved surface and segmentation manufacture must have the back of the body a tree, used in making timber for boats (keel) of different curvature, therefore not only constructing operation is complicated, difficulty is higher, and after completing, spine material is difficult to use again.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is to: the shortcoming existed for above-mentioned prior art, propose a kind of constructing operation easy, can in the shape of a saddle hyperboloid concrete slab construction method ensureing significantly to reduce difficulty of construction under construction quality prerequisite, improve work efficiency.
In order to reach above object, shape of a saddle hyperboloid concrete slab construction method of the present invention comprises the following steps:
The first step, surveying setting-out---on the 3-D geometric model of shape of a saddle hyperboloid concrete slab yet to be built, the space lattice intersecting space line and form is set up by predetermined accuracy, described space lattice vertical is projected as the plane grid that intersecting plane straight line is formed, the projection intersection point one_to_one corresponding in the space intersection in described space lattice and described plane grid;
Second step, set up stand---the plane grid of actual ratio is gone out in construction ground setting-out, and set up by plane grid sweep the floor bar and vertical vertical rod, vertical vertical rod is set up on the intersection point of actual ratio plane grid, and the height of each vertical vertical rod presses the actual range setting of 3-D geometric model space intersection to corresponding projection intersection point respectively;
3rd step, structure support system---overlap joint supplemental support, forms with vertical rod the dimensional support system that is mutually related;
4th step, install stupefied article---be connected as main stupefied straight line building materials with corresponding each vertical vertical rod top according to the order of sequence with the corresponding position of 3-D geometric model space networks ruling respectively, form the hyperboloid support beam spaced apart that projection is parallel; Using as secondary stupefied straight line building materials with predetermined density bear according to the order of sequence be fixed on main stupefied on, form hyperboloid space grid;
5th step, build template---secondary stupefied upper fixed panel, hyperboloid space grid forms hyperboloid template; And at hyperboloid template periphery fixed form rib;
6th step, assembling reinforcement---in the template rib of hyperboloid template periphery, press preset space length assembling reinforcement, form hyperboloid steel bar layer;
7th step, build cover plate---with build template class with method, on steel bar layer, build periphery to ride on template rib and the hyperboloid cover plate reserving sprue gate, form hyperboloid and build cavity;
8th step, concreting---build concreting in cavity from sprue gate to the hyperboloid between hyperboloid template and cover plate, and curing.
Can build up required shape of a saddle hyperboloid concrete slab like this, form removal afterwards also takes the circumstances into consideration sectional repair.
The present invention is ingenious to be utilized hyperboloid to have any point on it all to can be extended out the geometrical property being positioned at two intersecting straight lines on hyperboloid, the building materials of all supports, shuttering supporting all keep linearity, therefore compared with prior art, only need with traditional construction materials such as common steel pipe, reinforcing bar, planks, without the need to drawing complicated curve, also bent member need not be manufactured completely, construct very easy, not high to the skill set requirements of operator, be easy to ensure that the shaping perception of concrete structure is good, the building materials removed after completion can reuse.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, the present invention is further illustrated.
Fig. 1 is the pillar construction schematic diagram of one embodiment of the invention.
Fig. 2 is the support system of Fig. 1 embodiment and main stupefied structural representation.
Fig. 3 is the secondary stupefied structural representation of Fig. 1 embodiment.
Fig. 4 is the formwork structure schematic diagram of Fig. 1 embodiment.
Fig. 5 is the reinforcing bar covering plate structure schematic diagram of Fig. 1 embodiment.
Detailed description of the invention
Embodiment one
The shape of a saddle hyperboloid concrete slab construction method of the present embodiment is carried out as follows:
The first step, surveying setting-out---because shape of a saddle hyperboloid is a bi-curved part, and hyperboloid has any point on it all can be extended out the geometrical property being positioned at two intersecting straight lines on hyperboloid, therefore can operate by the drafting instrument (the present embodiment is by solidworks three-dimensional software) such as computer, form the 3-D geometric model of shape of a saddle hyperboloid concrete slab to be built, and the space lattice intersecting space line and form is set up thereon by predetermined accuracy, again by vertical for this space lattice plane grid being projected as intersecting plane straight line and forming, space intersection in space lattice and the projection intersection point one_to_one corresponding in plane grid.
Second step, set up stand---go out the actual ratio plane grid corresponding with shape of a saddle hyperboloid space lattice to be built in construction ground setting-out, and sweep the floor bar 2 and the vertical vertical rod 1 that form corresponding grid is taken by true planar grid, vertical vertical rod 1 is set up on above-mentioned actual ratio plane grid intersection point, and the height of each vertical vertical rod presses the actual range setting of 3-D geometric model space intersection to corresponding projection intersection point respectively; When determining the highly corresponding actual range of each vertical rod, both can directly be tried to achieve one by one by methods of geometry such as computing, mapping measurements, also the vertical vertical rod height at every bar actual ratio plane net ruling two ends first can be determined by method of geometry, set up two vertical rod end bracing wires thus after this two vertical vertical rod again, the vertical distance of this bracing wire each intersection point corresponding to plane grid is the actual range of the vertical vertical rod height of each point of intersection, so not only easy, but also various error can be eliminated, suitability good (see Fig. 1).
3rd step, build support system---according to relevant regulations select different in length and breadth apart from and step pitch (Ministry of Construction builds matter [2004] No. 213 literary compositions " project with relatively greater danger special construction plans for safety and be expounded through peer review examination method ", if shape of a saddle snyed plate height is more than 8m, then crossbar step pitch should be set to 1.5m), by supplemental support such as overlap joint cross bar 3, oblique bridging (not shown) etc., form with vertical rod 1 the stable dimensional support system that is mutually related.Overlap joint should be adopted to connect to horizon bar spreading in length and breadth.Two adjacent vertical equity knock-off joints should not be arranged on synchronous or same across interior (see Fig. 2).
4th step, install stupefied article---the steel pipe straight line building materials as main stupefied 4 are connected with corresponding each vertical vertical rod 1 top according to the order of sequence with the corresponding position of 3-D geometric model space networks ruling respectively, form hyperboloid support beam (see Fig. 2) spaced apart that projection is parallel.Specifically, first adjustable holder support is installed at column top, first by main stupefied 4 with the vertical rod top at two ends pass through adjustable hold in the palm to support be connected, then to be connected with the vertical rod top between two ends.When hyperboloid radian changes greatly, the suitable corresponding reduction of main stupefied spacing, can take the circumstances into consideration in centre to supplement a vertical rod.Again 50mm × 50mm flitch straight line the building materials as secondary stupefied 5 to be born according to the order of sequence with predetermined density and are fixed on main stupefied 4, form hyperboloid space grid (see Fig. 3).In order to avoid splicing cross section distortion, flitch is time stupefied to be put front first bracing wire and checks that steel pipe master is stupefied, along the stupefied height of stayguy direction master should keep straight line and with institute stretching line equal, Height Adjustment should not be carried out at ordinary times, finally linearly lay 50mm × 50mm flitch according to grid line, spacing 100 ~ 200mm, adjusts with mesh spacing density.
5th step, build template---to fix the gummed lath Mosaic face plate 6 of wide 50 ~ 200mm thereon with secondary stupefied oblique crossing direction, until form hyperboloid template (see Fig. 4) on the grid of hyperboloid space; And at hyperboloid template edge fixed form rib; Should notice that piece should meet the requirements, spillage when preventing from building concrete when panel is laid.
6th step, assembling reinforcement---press predetermined density assembling reinforcement in the template rib in hyperboloid template, each reinforcing bar is secondary stupefied parallel with contiguous respectively, formation hyperboloid steel bar layer.
7th step, build cover plate---with build template class with method, on steel bar layer 7, build edge to ride on template rib and the hyperboloid cover plate 8 reserving sprue gate 9, form shape of a saddle hyperboloid and build cavity (see Fig. 5).For the ease of building, at least the bi-curved two upper uplifting angle places of the shape of a saddle are respectively equipped with sprue gate 9, and lower side, sprue gate is supported with oriented baffle plate 10.
8th step, concreting---from sprue gate to concreting in the steel bar layer between hyperboloid template and cover plate, and curing.In casting process, the duration of vibrating should make concrete surface produce laitance, and bubble-free, till not sinking, vibration compacting is answered in concreting.Maintenance should be in time, and curing time should meet design and code requirement.
After building, form removal sectional repair.Concrete strength during form removable also should be able to ensure that it is surperficial and corner angle are injury-free.Impact load should do not formed to floor.The template of removing and support should disperse stack and clear in time.Facts have proved, above-mentioned work progress is not high to the technical requirements of operator, easy construction, and the shaping perception of concrete structure is good, therefore practical.
Claims (7)
1. a shape of a saddle hyperboloid concrete slab construction method, is characterized in that comprising the following steps:
The first step, surveying setting-out---on the 3-D geometric model of shape of a saddle hyperboloid concrete slab yet to be built, the space lattice intersecting space line and form is set up by predetermined accuracy, described space lattice vertical is projected as the plane grid that intersecting plane straight line is formed, the projection intersection point one_to_one corresponding in the space intersection in described space lattice and described plane grid;
Second step, set up stand---the plane grid of actual ratio is gone out in construction ground setting-out, and set up by plane grid sweep the floor bar and vertical vertical rod, vertical vertical rod is set up on the intersection point of actual ratio plane grid, and the height of each vertical vertical rod presses the actual range setting of 3-D geometric model space intersection to corresponding projection intersection point respectively;
3rd step, structure support system---overlap joint supplemental support, forms with vertical rod the dimensional support system that is mutually related;
4th step, install stupefied article---be connected as main stupefied straight line building materials with corresponding each vertical vertical rod top according to the order of sequence with the corresponding position of 3-D geometric model space networks ruling respectively, form the hyperboloid support beam spaced apart that projection is parallel; Using as secondary stupefied straight line building materials with predetermined density bear according to the order of sequence be fixed on main stupefied on, form hyperboloid space grid;
5th step, build template---secondary stupefied upper fixed panel, hyperboloid space grid forms hyperboloid template; And at hyperboloid template periphery fixed form rib;
6th step, assembling reinforcement---in the template rib of hyperboloid template periphery, press preset space length assembling reinforcement, form hyperboloid steel bar layer;
7th step, build cover plate---on steel bar layer, build periphery to ride on template rib and the hyperboloid cover plate reserving sprue gate, form hyperboloid and build cavity;
8th step, concreting---build concreting in cavity from sprue gate to the hyperboloid between hyperboloid template and cover plate, and curing.
2. shape of a saddle hyperboloid concrete slab construction method according to claim 1, is characterized in that: described supplemental support comprises cross bar and bridging.
3. shape of a saddle hyperboloid concrete slab construction method according to claim 2, it is characterized in that: in described 4th step, adjustable holder support is installed at column top, first by main stupefied to pass through with the vertical rod top at two ends adjustable hold in the palm to support be connected, then to be connected with the vertical rod top between two ends.
4. shape of a saddle hyperboloid concrete slab construction method according to claim 3, is characterized in that: described column all adopts steel pipe with master is stupefied, described stupefied employing flitch.
5. shape of a saddle hyperboloid concrete slab construction method according to claim 4, is characterized in that: described 5th step is to fix the gummed lath Mosaic face plate of wide 50 ~ 200mm thereon with secondary stupefied crossing direction.
6. shape of a saddle hyperboloid concrete slab construction method according to claim 5, is characterized in that: lower side, described sprue gate is supported with oriented baffle plate.
7. shape of a saddle hyperboloid concrete slab construction method according to claim 6, it is characterized in that: in described second step, when determining the highly corresponding actual range of each vertical vertical rod, the vertical vertical rod height at every bar actual ratio plane net ruling two ends is first determined by method of geometry, set up two vertical rod end bracing wires thus after this two vertical vertical rod again, the vertical distance of this bracing wire each intersection point corresponding to plane grid is the actual range of the vertical vertical rod height of each point of intersection.
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| CN103669733B (en) * | 2013-12-26 | 2016-01-13 | 江苏省华建建设股份有限公司 | A kind of foliaceous hyperboloid roof system canopy face brick construction method |
| CN104537191B (en) * | 2015-01-21 | 2018-05-22 | 中国电建集团华东勘测设计研究院有限公司 | A kind of method for drafting of three-dimensional reinforcing bar model schematic |
| CN104727491B (en) * | 2015-03-20 | 2017-01-11 | 江苏省华建建设股份有限公司 | Corrugated roof building and construction method thereof |
| CN106193514B (en) * | 2016-08-23 | 2018-11-16 | 中建八局第二建设有限公司 | Irregular hyperboloid bamboo aluminum composite plate construction method |
| CN106836648B (en) * | 2017-04-10 | 2019-02-26 | 贵州大学 | A kind of single page hyperboloid armored concrete column and preparation method thereof |
| CN111663722A (en) * | 2020-06-01 | 2020-09-15 | 江苏省华建建设股份有限公司 | Twin-tree-shaped concrete canopy column and construction method thereof |
| CN112012499A (en) * | 2020-08-18 | 2020-12-01 | 中冶天工（天津）装备制造有限公司 | Frame structure for construction of curved surface clear water concrete roof and construction method thereof |
| CN115075546B (en) * | 2022-04-15 | 2023-07-14 | 深圳天安骏业投资发展(集团)有限公司 | Method for manufacturing bare concrete hyperboloid steel template |
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| US4006574A (en) * | 1972-09-01 | 1977-02-08 | Lely Cornelis V D | Method of forming a construction of building substructures |
| CN102535839A (en) * | 2010-12-29 | 2012-07-04 | 山西四建集团有限公司 | Method for supporting and jacking reinforced concrete post-poured strip by using four pipe supports of horizontal members on two sides of post-poured strip |
| MD4161C1 (en) * | 2011-01-10 | 2012-10-31 | Николае Попеску | Process for erection of cast-in-situ building, complex of cast-in-situ buildings and production tooling for realization thereof |
| CN102587658A (en) * | 2012-03-09 | 2012-07-18 | 中国建筑第八工程局有限公司 | Construction method of variable curved-surface steel-concrete tubular structure |
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