CN101538907B - Construction method for building concrete superface with surface modeling - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a construction method for building concrete superface with surface modeling, which comprises the following steps: a horizontal projection is carried out on a space curved surface structure; a horizontal projection plane is divided into a plurality of grids; by establishing a local coordinate system, the elevation on the space curved surface corresponding to each grid node in the coordinate frame of the horizontal projection plane is figured out; according to each elevation data, the position of the cross rod of each load steel tube is determined so as to finish bridging; and then according to the elevation data, a back purlin is formed, and finally the formed back purlin is fixed on the corresponding cross rod of each load steel tube; a defined of water reducing agent and fly ash with small grain diameter are doped into concrete; firstly, pump pipes are arranged in the lowest position of a double-parabolic slab, distribute materials from bottom to top along a diagonal direction, pushes toward the highest point; a pump truck alternatively cuts materials at both sides of the diagonal, builds and vibrates, which is shot by people in real time. The construction method can reduce the difficult problem and strength of the construction, has fast construction process, low construction cost and high construction quality.

Description

A kind of construction method with building concrete end face of surface modeling

Technical field

The present invention relates to a kind of the have building of surface modeling or the construction method of structure top of concrete, particularly, relate to a kind of job practices with concrete roof of surface modeling.

In patent specification, term " curved surface " about the building end face includes but not limited to: the mutual combination of hyperboloid, double inclined plane, single monocline face, sphere, ellipsoid, ellipsoid, parabola, these key elements and further with planar combination, or the like.

Particularly, in patent specification, comprise not only that about the term " hyperboloid " of building end face cross section is the hyp curved surface of mathematical meaning, and be included in any curved surface that the projection on the xz and yz face in the xyz three-dimensional system of coordinate is curve.

Background technology

Development along with builing industry, various building end face designs with unique surface modeling get more and more, for example, structure for the oblique thin plate end face of song, present construction strategy is: according to a limited number of elevation data that mark on the design drawing, customize many several meters long non-standard punching blocks, then, under the help of this punching block, further carry out follow-up construction.

Because the non-standard punching block of customization is special special for the construction of a certain building, is difficult to be used for once more the construction of other irregular building thing end faces; Because the non-standard punching block weight of customization is big, make that also the energy consumption of lifting is many; Handling, installation, debugging, the dismounting of the non-standard punching block of customization all consume a large amount of time and manpower.These factors all cause constructing setting up cost of frock is very high, also makes construction cost increase.

Particularly, for the bent inclined-plane of concrete thin-slab structure, because the amount of curvature of each point differs, the elevation data amount that provides on the drawing is limited, as by existing method construction, can not satisfy the construction needs, can not guarantee the required precision of thin-slab structure curvature.

Summary of the invention

The purpose of this invention is to provide a kind of the have building of surface modeling or the construction method of structure top of concrete, it has reduced a difficult problem and the intensity of constructing, construction speed is fast, construction cost is low, workmanship is high.

For this reason, the invention provides a kind of the have building of surface modeling or the construction method of structure top of concrete, the space curved surface structure is carried out horizontal projection; Horizontal plane is divided into plurality of grids; By setting up local coordinate system, calculate the absolute altitude on the pairing space curved surface of each grid node in the horizontal plane coordinate system; Determine the position of each load steel pipe cross bar according to each elevation data, to finish the built operation, then, stand up plank according to each grid line, elevation data thrown into be drawn as curve on the plank, process then, more formed back of the body a tree, used in making timber for boats is fixed on corresponding each load steel pipe cross bar to form back of the body a tree, used in making timber for boats; In concrete, mix the small particle diameter of an amount of water reducing agent and flyash; Pump line is arranged in the lowest part of double-parabolic slab earlier, along diagonal cloth from the bottom up, advances to peak; Pump truck replaces blanking in cornerwise both sides, builds and vibrates, by manually along with making real, receive light.

The present invention can adopt wooden form, Bamboo Formwork or the steel form of various that reuse or even standards, therefore, can economize on resources.

According to the present invention, the formwork pouring concrete is very fast, and greatly accelerating construction progress is guaranteed Quality of Concrete Construction Entity and outward appearance curve.

According to casting method of the present invention, but one-time-concreting is shaped, do not keep somewhere constuction joint, can avoid the generation of cold seam effectively, guarantee the density of curved surface concrete thin plates roof structure, compare with the timesharing casting method, but labor savings and mechanical organizing time, concrete allotment time, and the time of handling constuction joint, correspondingly shortened the duration.

In a word,, not only can reduce difficulty of construction, improve speed of application, guarantee construction quality and safety, and save the input of labour and material, reduce manufacturing cost, therefore, have tangible economic benefit according to construction method of the present invention.Simultaneously, compare, adopt reusable common bamboo and wood template, saved the lifting energy consumption, also have environment protection significance with the customization punching block.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is according to coordinate grid measurement and positioning ratio juris figure of the present invention;

Fig. 2 is according to formwork schematic diagram of the present invention;

Fig. 3 advances schematic diagram according to double-parabolic slab concreting of the present invention;

Fig. 4 is a principle schematic according to hyperboloid absolute altitude interpolation calculation of the present invention;

Fig. 5 is another principle schematic according to hyperboloid absolute altitude interpolation calculation of the present invention;

Fig. 6 is the principle schematic according to double inclined plane absolute altitude interpolation calculation of the present invention; And

Fig. 7 is the principle schematic according to single monocline face absolute altitude interpolation calculation of the present invention.

The specific embodiment

According to the present invention, at first the end face with surface modeling with building or structure carries out refinement, thereby obtains more elevation data according to the limited elevation data that marks on the drawing.

Specifically, as shown in Figure 1, if marked the elevation data of four angle points of a part of Space Double curved surface OBCD on the drawing, can design the lower angle point O of bent plate absolute altitude is that the origin of coordinates is set up ab to coordinate system; Then, OBCD carries out horizontal orthography on datum to this Space Double curved surface, obtains quadrangle oB ' C ' D '; Again quadrangle oB ' C ' D ' is divided into plurality of grids, for example, inserting coordinate on oD ' limit is two points of x1, x2, on oB ', insert y1, y2, four points of y3, y4, so just quadrangle oB ' C ' D ' is divided into 3 * 5=15 little quadrangle, 4 * 6=24 node occur, can find 24 nodes of the correspondence on Space Double curved surface OBCD thus.

Owing to can find o, B ', C ', D ' four somes x and y coordinate on design drawing, those skilled in the art can easily obtain the x and the y coordinate at other 4 * 6-4=20 node place of the interior grid of quadrangle oB ' C ' D '.

In addition, each grid with the Space Double curved-surface structure carries out the front projection again, those skilled in the art can adopt projection vertical absolute altitude design formulas in bent inclined-plane to calculate the z coordinate at the pairing Space Double curved surface of interior each node of quadrangle oB ' C ' D ' OBCD node place by setting up local coordinate system.

Particularly, grid dividing generally is advisable with 1000 * 1000mm.At the bigger position of corresponding curvature, grid dividing can be smaller.

The Space Double curved surface OBCD that like this, has just drawn each grid node place correspondence in the horizontal plane coordinate system goes up the absolute altitude of some position; Then, absolute altitude is carried out the scene draw the mark notes,, all some position absolute altitudes that calculate are linked up the smooth hyperboloid of the formwork that can form designing requirement as the foundation of built and formwork.

Particularly, the order that absolute altitude up draws survey is: at first draw and survey double-parabolic slab angle point all around, draw then and survey the design crossing point of axes, draw at last and survey each grid node.Such benefit is, can with around on angle point and the axis absolute altitude of some spots as controlled absolute altitude each node absolute altitude is checked.Up draw should adopt when surveying instrument or messenger wire check with basal plane on node centering whether.

Then, as shown in Figure 2, begin the position of setting up load steel pipe montant 3, load steel pipe cross bar 2,5 and load steel pipe brace 4, determining each load steel pipe cross bar 6 according to each elevation data from base surface 1.

Setting-out cutting, the laying back of the body a tree, used in making timber for boats 7, i.e. keel.At first, find the grid line of back of the body a tree, used in making timber for boats 7 correspondences, and calculate good size of respectively carrying on the back a tree, used in making timber for boats 7, then, elevation data thrown into be drawn as curve on the plank, process, can guarantee that like this template of laying reaches the curvature requirement of design, to guarantee the bending effect and the load requirement of concrete thin plates bed die.

Afterwards, carry out installing of roofing thin plate bed die 8, on back of the body a tree, used in making timber for boats 7, lay each template 8, and fix and reinforce.Template can be selected wooden model or bamboo splint according to the size of curvature, at the curvature larger part with intensity bamboo splint preferably, so that crooked.

Then, carry out the colligation of roofing beam reinforced steel bar.

As shown in Figure 3, link up, adopt pumping of concrete to build mode, and pump line is arranged in the lower H of double-parabolic slab earlier for guaranteeing concreting _Min, so that along the direction D of diagonal L cloth from the bottom up.Link to each other if any the polylith double-parabolic slab, also be convenient to simultaneously to the blanking of polylith double-parabolic slab.Concrete is from minimum point H _MinTo peak H _MaxAdvance, should be during the pump truck blanking toward the both sides D of diagonal L ₁, D ₂Alternately blanking is being built when vibrating, can be by manually along with making real, receive light.

According to hyperbolic concrete thin plates characteristic, for controlling concrete trickling, increase concrete workability, avoid stopping up pump line, can adopt the small particle diameter concrete that mixes an amount of water reducing agent and flyash to build, and control out pump line mouth concrete slump within 12～15cm scope.

According to the different curvature of hyperbolic thin plate design, must control the both sides D of boundary line, diagonal angle L well ₁, D ₂The layer height of concreting highly is advisable with 600～900mm, waits to vibrate to make real and up piles up concrete again after putting in place.Total direction of propulsion D also segmentation implements, and highly controls with 800～1200mm, and next joint height concrete is gone up a joint construction after fully vibrating and making real again, until the hyperboloid highest point.

Particularly, according to the present invention,, need the absolute altitude design formulas in order to draw the absolute altitude of putting the position in the horizontal plane coordinate system on the corresponding Space Double curved surface in each grid node place, if curved surface has clear and definite equation, this equation of coordinate substitution of x and y just can be obtained the z coordinate.Yet, more often than not, need utilize the method for mathematics interpolation to obtain corresponding z coordinate.

According to the present invention, shown in Figure 4 and 5, for the hyperboloid grid, setting up the datum of local coordinate system by the horizontal plane of minimum point, with on the local coordinate plane of facing, do not carry out projection by two of the local coordinate system initial point adjacent grid sidelines.

The vertical absolute altitude Z of point space design formulas is as follows arbitrarily on the hyperboloid:

$Z=Z^{\&prime;}+{\mathrm{<figure-callout\; id="0"\; label="h"\; filenames="H2009100806784E00032.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">h</figure-callout>}}_0=R-\sqrt{R^2-a^2}+{\mathrm{<figure-callout\; id="0"\; label="h"\; filenames="H2009100806784E00032.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">h</figure-callout>}}_0$

Wherein, R is illustrated in the radius of curvature in the side orthography, is tried to achieve by following formula:

$R=\frac{{(H_c-h_0)}^2+{\mathrm{<figure-callout\; id="2"\; label="L"\; filenames="H2009100806784E00021.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">L</figure-callout>}}^2}{2(H_c-h_0)}$

As shown in Figure 5, H _cThe vertical absolute altitude of any arbitrarily in the drop shadow curve of expression left side, try to achieve by following formula:

$H_c=R_1-\sqrt{R_1^2-{(b-b_0)}^2}+h_1$

Wherein, a, b are the coordinate figure of any point in ab horizontal projection coordinate system on the hyperboloid grid; R ₁The radius of curvature of expression left side projection, b ₀Expression point of contact m is to the distance of a axle, h ₁The vertical absolute altitude of expression point of contact m, h ₀Be the vertical relatively absolute altitude of the origin of coordinates, R ₁, b ₀, h ₁, h ₀Be the design given value; The m point is the point of contact of curve and b axle parallel lines.

As shown in Figure 6, for the diclinic grid, setting up the datum of local coordinate system by the horizontal plane of peak, with on the local coordinate plane of facing, do not carry out projection by two of the local coordinate system initial point adjacent grid sidelines.The vertical absolute altitude Z of point space design formulas is as follows arbitrarily on the double inclined plane:

Z＝H _a+H _b-H _max

H _a, H _bRespectively expression just, the vertical absolute altitude of any arbitrarily on the projection line of right side, try to achieve by following formula:

$H_a=H_{\max }-\frac{L_2[a{L}_1-b(H_{\max }-H_1)]}{L_1{\mathrm{<figure-callout\; id="3"\; label="L"\; filenames="H2009100806784E00031.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">L</figure-callout>}}_3}$

$H_b=H_{\max }-\frac{H_{\max }-H_1}{L_1}b$

Wherein, a, b are the coordinate figure of any point in ab horizontal projection coordinate system on the double inclined plane grid; H _MaxPut most the absolute altitude value on the expression diclinic panel; H ₁Expression right side projection oblique line low spot absolute altitude value; L ₁Expression right side projection oblique line width; L ₂Expression orthography oblique line height; L ₃Expression orthography oblique line width; H _Max, H ₁, L ₁, L ₂, L ₃Be the design given value.

As shown in Figure 7, for bent inclined-plane grid, setting up the datum of local coordinate system by the horizontal plane of peak, with on the local coordinate plane of facing, do not carry out projection by two of the local coordinate system initial point adjacent grid sidelines.The vertical absolute altitude Z of point space design formulas is as follows arbitrarily on the bent inclined-plane:

Z＝H _a+H _b-H _max

H _a, H _bRespectively expression just, the vertical absolute altitude of any arbitrarily on the projection line of right side, try to achieve by following formula:

$H_a=R-\sqrt{[R^2-{[L_x+a-\frac{b(H_{\max }-H_1)}{L_1}]}^2}-L_y$

$H_b=H_{\max }-\frac{H_{\max }-H_1}{L_1}b$

Wherein, a, b are the coordinate figure of any point in ab horizontal projection coordinate system on the bent inclined-plane grid; H _MaxRepresent to put the absolute altitude value most on the bent skewback; H ₁Expression right side projection oblique line low spot absolute altitude value; L _xExpression orthography curve low spot and point of contact distance; L _yThe distance of expression orthography curve low spot and horizontal tangent; H _Max, H ₁, L ₁, L ₂, L _x, L _yBe the design given value.

By above explanation, those skilled in the art has understood inner characteristic of the present invention, and can be on this basis to the present invention make amendment, perfect or improve, yet, do so all and will fall into protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (8)

1. one kind has the building of surface modeling or the construction method of structure top of concrete, comprises that built step, on-the-spot absolute altitude draw mark and annotate step, fixing back of the body a tree, used in making timber for boats step, lay template step, reinforcing bar binding step and concrete pouring step,

Absolute altitude draws before the mark notes step at the scene, and the space curved surface structure is carried out horizontal projection; Horizontal plane is divided into plurality of grids; By setting up local coordinate system, calculate the absolute altitude on the bent inclined-plane, the pairing space of each grid node in the horizontal plane coordinate system;

In described fixedly back of the body a tree, used in making timber for boats step, determine the position of each load steel pipe cross bar according to each elevation data, to finish the built operation, then, on the curved surface that limits by each load steel pipe cross bar, lay back of the body a tree, used in making timber for boats, more formed back of the body a tree, used in making timber for boats is fixed on corresponding each load steel pipe cross bar; And

In described concrete pouring step, in concrete, mix the flyash of an amount of water reducing agent and small particle diameter; Pump line is arranged in the lowest part of double-parabolic slab earlier, along diagonal cloth from the bottom up, advances to peak; Pump truck replaces blanking in cornerwise both sides, build and vibrate, by manually along with making real, receive light,

It is characterized in that,

For the hyperboloid grid, be that datum water level is set up local coordinate system with the plane of the minimum point by grid, the vertical absolute altitude Z of point space design formulas is as follows arbitrarily on the hyperboloid:

Wherein, R is illustrated in the radius of curvature in the side orthography, is tried to achieve by following formula:

H _cThe vertical absolute altitude of any arbitrarily in the drop shadow curve of expression left side, try to achieve by following formula:

Wherein, a, b are the coordinate figure of any point in ab horizontal projection coordinate system on the hyperboloid grid; R ₁The radius of curvature of expression left side projection, b ₀Expression point of contact m is to the distance of a axle, h ₁The vertical absolute altitude of expression point of contact m, h ₀Be the vertical relatively absolute altitude of the origin of coordinates, R ₁, b ₀, h ₁, h ₀Be the design given value; The m point is the point of contact of curve and b axle parallel lines.

2. construction method as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that, absolute altitude draws in the mark notes process at the scene, at first draws the angle point all around of surveying curved surface, draws then and surveys the design crossing point of axes, draws at last and surveys each grid node.

3. construction method as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that, comprises according to each grid line standing up plank, elevation data is thrown into be drawn as curve on the plank, processes then, to form back of the body a tree, used in making timber for boats.

4. construction method as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that, in described concrete pouring step, controls out pump line mouth concrete slump within 12～15cm scope.

5. construction method as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that, pump truck replaces in the blanking process in cornerwise both sides, and layer height is 600～900mm, waits to vibrate to make real and up piles up concrete again after putting in place.

6. construction method as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that along diagonal from the bottom up in the cloth process, it highly is 800～1200mm that segmentation is implemented described, next joint height concrete is gone up a joint construction after fully vibrating and making real again, until the hyperboloid highest point.

7. one kind has the building of surface modeling or the construction method of structure top of concrete, comprises that built step, on-the-spot absolute altitude draw mark and annotate step, fixing back of the body a tree, used in making timber for boats step, lay template step, reinforcing bar binding step and concrete pouring step,

Absolute altitude draws before the mark notes step at the scene, and the space curved surface structure is carried out horizontal projection; Horizontal plane is divided into plurality of grids; By setting up local coordinate system, calculate the absolute altitude on the bent inclined-plane, the pairing space of each grid node in the horizontal plane coordinate system;

In described fixedly back of the body a tree, used in making timber for boats step, determine the position of each load steel pipe cross bar according to each elevation data, to finish the built operation, then, on the curved surface that limits by each load steel pipe cross bar, lay back of the body a tree, used in making timber for boats, more formed back of the body a tree, used in making timber for boats is fixed on corresponding each load steel pipe cross bar; And

In described concrete pouring step, in concrete, mix the flyash of an amount of water reducing agent and small particle diameter; Pump line is arranged in the lowest part of double-parabolic slab earlier, along diagonal cloth from the bottom up, advances to peak; Pump truck replaces blanking in cornerwise both sides, builds and vibrates, by manually along with making real, receive light, it is characterized in that, for the double inclined plane grid, be that datum water level is set up local coordinate system with plane by the grid peak, the vertical absolute altitude Z of point space design formulas is as follows arbitrarily on the double inclined plane:

Z＝H _a+H _b-H _max

H _a, H _bRespectively expression just, the vertical absolute altitude of any arbitrarily on the projection line of right side, try to achieve by following formula:

Wherein, a, b are the coordinate figure of any point in ab horizontal projection coordinate system on the double inclined plane grid; H _MaxPut most the absolute altitude value on the expression diclinic panel; H ₁Expression right side projection oblique line low spot absolute altitude value; L ₁Expression right side projection oblique line width; L ₂Expression orthography oblique line height; L ₃Expression orthography oblique line width; H _Max, H ₁, L ₁, L ₂, L ₃Be the design given value.

8. one kind has the building of surface modeling or the construction method of structure top of concrete, comprises that built step, on-the-spot absolute altitude draw mark and annotate step, fixing back of the body a tree, used in making timber for boats step, lay template step, reinforcing bar binding step and concrete pouring step,

Absolute altitude draws before the mark notes step at the scene, and the space curved surface structure is carried out horizontal projection; Horizontal plane is divided into plurality of grids; By setting up local coordinate system, calculate the absolute altitude on the bent inclined-plane, the pairing space of each grid node in the horizontal plane coordinate system;

In described fixedly back of the body a tree, used in making timber for boats step, determine the position of each load steel pipe cross bar according to each elevation data, to finish the built operation, then, on the curved surface that limits by each load steel pipe cross bar, lay back of the body a tree, used in making timber for boats, more formed back of the body a tree, used in making timber for boats is fixed on corresponding each load steel pipe cross bar; And

In described concrete pouring step, in concrete, mix the flyash of an amount of water reducing agent and small particle diameter; Pump line is arranged in the lowest part of double-parabolic slab earlier, along diagonal cloth from the bottom up, advances to peak; Pump truck replaces blanking in cornerwise both sides, builds and vibrates, by manually along with making real, receive light, it is characterized in that, for bent inclined-plane grid, be that datum water level is set up local coordinate system with plane by the grid peak, the vertical absolute altitude Z of point space design formulas is as follows arbitrarily on the bent inclined-plane:

Z＝H _a+H _b-H _max

H _a, H _bRespectively expression just, the vertical absolute altitude of any arbitrarily on the projection line of right side, try to achieve by following formula:

Wherein, a, b are the coordinate figure of any point in ab horizontal projection coordinate system on the bent inclined-plane grid; H _MaxRepresent to put the absolute altitude value most on the bent skewback; H ₁Expression right side projection oblique line low spot absolute altitude value; L _xExpression orthography curve low spot and point of contact distance; L _yThe distance of expression orthography curve low spot and horizontal tangent; H _Max, H ₁, L ₁, L ₂, L _x, L _yBe the design given value.

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