CN115897882A - Construction method for cast-in-situ large-section multi-curve roof - Google Patents
Construction method for cast-in-situ large-section multi-curve roof Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention relates to a construction method of a cast-in-place large-section multi-curve roof, which comprises the following steps: s1, erecting and positioning a curved roof support; s2, erecting a bottom panel support; s3, erecting a bottom panel; s4, binding a curved-surface reinforcing mesh; s5, linear control of the curved surface template; s6, installing a template; s7, pouring concrete; s8, pouring and vibrating; s9: and (5) maintaining. By applying revit and autocad software, the accurate positioning measurement of a cast-in-place hyperboloid reinforced concrete structure is realized by combining a member section method and a curved surface bus grid line method; arranging a main edge, a secondary edge, a template and binding steel bars along a straight generatrix of the curved surface grid to realize the molding of the cast-in-place hyperboloid reinforced concrete structure; utilizing a polymer plastic flexible template to complete various shapes of the hyperboloid reinforced concrete structure; the concrete mixing proportion design, the hyperboloid reinforcement structure and the concrete maintenance technology are optimized, and the crack control of the cast-in-place curved surface thin plate structure is achieved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of curved surface roof construction, in particular to a construction method of a cast-in-place large-section multi-curve roof.
Background
With the development of the times, the artistic requirements of the architectural design field on architectural sculptures are higher and higher, and the requirements of people on the architecture are not limited to a plane structure any more. The multi-curved roof is suitable for a roof structure with larger span, however, the construction process of the existing multi-curved roof still has the defects and needs to be improved.
The concrete construction process of the curved roof is approximately as follows: erecting a support, erecting a formwork, binding beam plate steel bars, hanging ropes, pulling lines to control the elevation of the pitched roof, and pouring concrete. However, how to use the template to fit the curvature required by the design is generally to customize the template with the corresponding curvature according to the designed curved surface in a factory, and the method has higher manufacturing cost and poorer reusability and is suitable for the curved surface with smaller scale; in another method, a common bamboo plywood is used for dividing the whole curved surface into regions with small curvature change, the curved surface of each region is simulated by utilizing the bending of the template per se to a certain degree, and finally the whole curved surface is spliced.
Chinese patent CN111962870B is a construction method of a special-shaped curved concrete roof, which comprises the following steps of dividing an arc-shaped section of the roof, and dividing the section of the roof in the transverse direction and the longitudinal direction on the arc-shaped roof into a plurality of arc-shaped surfaces according to a design drawing; pre-arranging by a computer, positioning the whole arc-shaped surface according to four points of each divided arc-shaped surface, and modeling the arc-shaped roof; positioning and paying off, namely positioning the arc-shaped roof by adopting a three-dimensional horizontal projection method; positioning and erecting the support frame, positioning the support frame longitudinal and transverse arrangement lines on the lower-layer structure surface according to the positioning result of the computer, and marking the positioning coordinates and the height of each supporting point on the lower-layer structure surface; and installing a template and reinforcing steel bars, pouring concrete, maintaining and removing the template. This application has the effect that improves the quality of dysmorphism curved surface concrete roofing. However, a single construction method is adopted in the construction process, so that the pouring method, the thickness and the radian of the roof are difficult to control, the construction quality of the concrete plate of the curved roof is poor, and the accuracy of the curved surface is low.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a construction method of a cast-in-place large-section multi-curve roof, which solves the problems of high linear control difficulty and low repeatability of a curved surface template and also solves the problem that a large-curvature sheet is difficult to vibrate.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides the following technical scheme: a construction method for cast-in-situ large-section multi-curve roof includes such steps as erecting and positioning the curved roof supporting frames, controlling the linear shape of curved template, and casting concrete to form curved roof. The support erection positioning method is to determine the elevation of the roof bottom die by combining the requirements of the subsequent roof construction working surface. The linear control method of the curved surface template is to bend by combining the slope change of the curved surface and utilizing the plasticity and the curvature change of the polymer plastic template. The method for casting thickness, line shape and vibration of the curved roof concrete is a measure for improving the construction quality of the concrete by combining the thickness change of the roof.
The method comprises the following steps:
s1, erecting and positioning a curved roof support: establishing a curved roof BIM model by using design parameters, calculating and arranging a formwork diagram through special safety calculation of a formwork, importing a revit software BIM model to generate curved surface grid lines, drawing hyperboloid plane projection grid lines, generating and extracting grid line intersection measurement data, and exporting elevations of all vertical rods;
s2, supporting and erecting a bottom panel: performing field lofting, popping grid lines projected by a curved plane on the ground by using ink lines, and erecting a disk buckle type full framing according to the intersection points of the grid lines on the ground to control the elevation to the bottom of the curved plane;
s3, erecting a bottom panel: installing the main ridges of the steel pipes at the bottom of the plate one by one according to the working procedures, placing the wood square secondary ridges and laying the bottom plates, and checking and accepting;
s4, binding a curved-surface reinforcing mesh: measuring the length of grid lines by means of the grid lines generated by a revit software BIM model, performing steel bar lofting, and binding a curved surface steel bar mesh along the direction of a straight bus of the curved surface grid;
s5, linear control of the curved surface template: determining whether a single-sided template or a double-sided template is adopted according to the gradient of the curved surface;
s6, installing a template: pre-bending and forming the template according to the radian of the site, and after the template is laid, measuring the elevation of the template by using a level meter or correcting a diagonal pull-through line, and leveling;
s7, pouring concrete: pouring curved concrete by using an automobile pump;
s8, pouring and vibrating: in the concrete pouring process, vibrating is carried out through a vibrating rod, and vibrating is carried out on a double-sided template through a pouring groove arranged on a plate surface template at the top of the double-sided template;
s9: and (5) maintenance: because the curved roof can not store water, water is supplied for maintenance 24 hours a day to prevent cracks from appearing on a concrete surface layer due to too fast evaporation of water, and measures of covering geotextile and covering a waterproof film on the outermost layer are adopted on the concrete surface of the roof, and the maintenance time is 14 days.
In a preferred embodiment, the template in step S6 is a polymer plastic template.
In a preferred embodiment, the specific method of using a simplex template or a duplex template in step S5 is: when the gradient of the plate surface is more than 45 degrees, erecting a double-faced template according to the construction method of the wall; when the gradient of the surface of the plate is 25-45 degrees, a method of layered pouring of a double-faced template is adopted; and when the gradient of the plate surface is less than 25 degrees, adopting a single-sided template for pouring, and not erecting the plate surface template.
In a preferred scheme, the layered pouring method of the double-faced template comprises the following steps:
s1, pre-installing 300-300 counter-pulling screws in a double-faced template area, wherein water-stopping rings need to be arranged in the middle of the screws;
s2, installing a panel template, wherein a pouring groove is reserved in the panel template, and the width of the pouring groove is preferably 30-40cm;
s3, pouring in layers, adopting fine stone concrete to pour because the thickness of the plate is not more than 15cm, and sealing the pouring groove after pouring height of each layer of concrete is not more than 2 m.
In a preferred scheme, the method for controlling the layered casting thickness of the match plate comprises the following steps: before installing the panel templates, painting paint on the screw rod according to the length of the thickness of the panel plus the thickness of the two templates for positioning, and strictly fixing according to the paint position during installation;
in a preferred scheme, a blocking net is arranged in the bottom panel before the single-sided formwork is poured, so that concrete is prevented from flowing downwards.
In the prior scheme, the method for controlling the radian of the upper surface of the curved surface poured by the single-sided template and the thickness of the roof panel concrete comprises the following steps: after the construction of the steel bars is finished, thickness control steel bars are arranged and are arranged in a longitudinal and transverse symmetrical mode according to the interval of 1500 x 1500mm, a plane control steel pipe is arranged at the upper end of each steel bar, when the concrete is polished to the control elevation of the plate surface, the height control steel pipe in the polishing range is removed, and the principle of polishing and removing section by section is implemented; when the surface of the concrete is polished, the special wood rubber is used, and the polishing is carried out by controlling the reinforcing steel bars according to the thickness.
In a preferred scheme, the method for vibrating the match plate comprises the following steps: before the top formwork is installed, steel wire hoses with the diameter of 35mm are arranged in the reinforcing mesh at the interval of 1m × 1m, and the steel wire hoses are disconnected at the position of the pouring groove, so that the steel wire hoses can be taken out conveniently; in the concrete pouring process, the vibrating rod is inserted into the pouring groove through the pre-embedded steel wire hose, the hose is pulled out while vibrating, and the thin panel is guaranteed to be vibrated compactly.
In the preferential scheme, in step S4, before the reinforcement, need nail on the template, be used for fixed curved surface owner muscle on the one hand, prevent the landing, on the other hand passes through external force with curved surface owner muscle fixed, ensures that the reinforcing bar curvature accords with the design atress requirement, and all reinforcing bar intersection all are firm with the ligature of ligature silk, prevent to shift.
In a preferred scheme, the specific method for maintaining comprises the following steps: plastic water pipes are arranged along the middle longitudinal beam of the roof, holes are formed in the water pipes every 10cm, and water is filled for maintenance 24 hours a day.
The technical scheme of this application possesses following beneficial effect:
by applying revit and autocad software, the accurate positioning measurement of a cast-in-place hyperboloid reinforced concrete structure is realized by combining a member section method and a curved surface bus grid line method; arranging a main edge, a secondary edge, a template and binding steel bars along a straight generatrix of the curved surface grid to realize the molding of a cast-in-place hyperboloid reinforced concrete structure; the polymer plastic flexible template is utilized to complete various shapes of the hyperboloid reinforced concrete structure, has strong bending capability and high plasticity, can be repeatedly recycled and used, and saves the cost; the concrete mixing proportion design, the hyperboloid reinforcement structure and the concrete maintenance technology are optimized, and the crack control of the cast-in-place curved surface thin plate structure is achieved.
Drawings
The invention is further illustrated by the following examples in conjunction with the accompanying drawings:
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a curved surface structure according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a double-sided stent template structure according to the method of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a single-sided stent template structure according to the method of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of the plate thickness control elevation structure of the single-sided template of the method of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic view of the plate thickness control plane structure of the single-sided template of the method of the present invention.
In the figure: 101. the disk fastener type full framing bracket; 102. main ridges of the steel pipes at the bottom of the plate; 103. wood square secondary corrugation; 104. a bottom panel; 105. oppositely pulling the screw rod; 106. positioning paint; 107. a thickness control rebar; 108. controlling the height of the steel pipe; 109. a steel wire hose; 110. pouring a groove; 111. vibrating a rod; 112. a barrier net; 113. and (4) plate surface formworks.
Detailed Description
Referring to fig. 1 to 5, in the embodiment, a method for constructing a cast-in-place large-section multi-curve roof includes the following steps:
s1, erecting and positioning a curved roof support: establishing a curved roof BIM model by using design parameters, calculating and arranging a formwork diagram through special safety calculation of a formwork, importing a revit software BIM model to generate curved surface grid lines, drawing hyperboloid plane projection grid lines, generating and extracting grid line intersection measurement data, and exporting elevations of all vertical rods;
s2, supporting and erecting the bottom panel 104: performing field lofting, popping grid lines projected by a curved plane on the ground by using ink lines, and erecting a disc buckle type full-space support 101 according to the intersection point of the grid lines on the ground to control the elevation of the curved bottom;
s3, erecting a bottom panel 104: installing the main ridges 102 of the steel pipes at the bottom of the plate, placing the wooden square secondary ridges 103 and laying the bottom surface plates 104 one by one according to the working procedures, and checking and accepting;
s4, binding a curved-surface reinforcing mesh: measuring the length of grid lines by means of the grid lines generated by a revit software BIM model, performing steel bar lofting, and binding a curved surface steel bar mesh along the direction of a straight bus of the curved surface grid; before the steel bars are bound, nails are required to be nailed on the template, so that the curved-surface main bars are fixed to prevent slipping, the curved-surface main bars are fixed through external force, the curvature of the steel bars is ensured to meet the design stress requirement, all steel bar intersection points are firmly bound by binding wires, and displacement is prevented;
s5, linear control of the curved surface template: determining whether a single-sided template or a double-sided template is adopted according to the gradient of the curved surface; when the gradient of the slab surface is greater than 45 degrees, erecting a double-faced template according to a wall construction method; when the gradient of the plate surface is 25-45 degrees, a method of layered pouring of a double-faced template is adopted; when the gradient of the plate surface is less than 25 degrees, adopting a single-sided template for pouring, and not supporting the plate surface template 113;
s6, installing a template: pre-bending and forming the template according to the radian of the site, and after the template is laid, measuring the elevation of the template by using a level meter or correcting a diagonal pull-through line, and leveling; the template is a polymer plastic template;
when the double-faced template is adopted, 300-300 counter-pulling screws 105 are pre-installed in the area of the double-faced template, wherein water stop rings are required to be arranged in the middle of the screws, the panel template 113 and the wood square secondary ridges 103 are installed in sequence, the counter-pulling screws 105 penetrate through the counter-pulling screws 105, then the counter-pulling screws 105 are locked, the transverse counter-pulling screws 105 are connected through steel pipes and then locked through nuts, so that the effect of fixing the template is achieved, the pouring grooves 110 are reserved on the panel template 113, and the width of the pouring grooves 110 is preferably 30-40cm; before the panel surface template 113 is installed, paint is coated on the opposite-pulling screw 105 according to the length of the thickness of the panel plus the thickness of two templates to be positioned 106, and the opposite-pulling screw is strictly fixed according to the paint position during installation, so that the pouring thickness is controlled.
When the single-sided formwork is adopted, the blocking net 112 is arranged in the bottom panel 104 before the single-sided formwork is poured, so that concrete is prevented from flowing downwards; in order to ensure the radian of the upper surface of the curved surface of the roof and the concrete thickness of the roof plate, after the construction of reinforcing steel bars is finished, thickness control reinforcing steel bars 107 are arranged in a longitudinal and transverse symmetrical mode at intervals of 1500 × 1500mm, a plane control steel pipe 108 is arranged at the upper end of each reinforcing steel bar, when the concrete is received to the plate surface control elevation, the height control steel pipes 108 in the light receiving range are removed, and the principle of receiving light section by section and removing section by section is implemented; when the concrete surface is subjected to light receiving, a special wood rubber is used, and the light receiving is performed according to the thickness control steel bars 107.
S7, pouring concrete: pouring curved concrete by using an automobile pump; for the double-sided formwork with a larger gradient, because the thickness of the plate is not more than 15cm, fine stone concrete is adopted for pouring, the pouring height of each layer of concrete is not more than 2m, the pouring groove 110 is closed after the pouring is finished, considering that the plate is thinner, the middle reinforcing steel bars are dense, the vibrating rods 111 are difficult to insert and vibrate, before the top formwork is installed, steel wire hoses 109 with the diameter of 35mm are arranged in the reinforcing steel bar net at the distance of 1m × 1m, and the steel wire hoses are disconnected at the position of the pouring groove 110, so that the double-sided formwork is convenient to take out subsequently.
S8, pouring and vibrating: in the concrete pouring process, vibrating is carried out through a vibrating rod 111, the vibrating rod 111 is a 30-type vibrating rod, and a double-sided template is vibrated through a pouring groove 110 formed in a plate surface template 113 at the top of the double-sided template; in the concrete pouring process, the vibrating rod 111 is inserted into the pouring groove 110 through the pre-embedded steel wire hose 109, the hose is pulled out while vibrating, so that the thin panel is guaranteed to be vibrated compactly, the vibrating rod 111 can be accurately inserted and vibrated in the curved surface thin plate pouring process, and the concrete compactness is improved.
S9: and (5) maintenance: because the curved roof can not store water, plastic water pipes are arranged along the middle longitudinal beam of the roof, holes are formed in the water pipes at intervals of 10cm, water is supplied for maintenance every 24 hours, so that cracks of a concrete surface layer caused by too fast evaporation of water are prevented, a measure of covering geotextile and covering a waterproof film on the outermost layer is adopted on the concrete surface of the roof, and the maintenance time is 14 days.
As can be seen from the above embodiments, the present invention has the following technical advantages:
the construction method has the advantages of being simple and reliable in structure and convenient to operate, solving the problems that the line type of the large-section hyperbolic roof is difficult to control, the thickness of the thin plate structure is difficult to control, the compactness of concrete is difficult to control, the construction period is saved, the working environment of constructors is improved, and the turnover efficiency of the template is improved.
The invention obtains good application effect in the project of city culture center for Chinese martial arts ecology demonstration.
The above-described embodiments are merely preferred embodiments of the present invention, and should not be construed as limiting the present invention, and the scope of the present invention is defined by the claims, and includes equivalents of technical features described in the claims. I.e., equivalent alterations and modifications within the scope hereof, are also intended to be within the scope of the invention.
Claims (10)
1. A construction method for a cast-in-place large-section multi-curve roof is characterized by comprising the following steps:
s1, erecting and positioning a curved roof support: building a curved roof BIM model by using design parameters, calculating and arranging a die set diagram through a die set safety special item, importing a revit software BIM model to generate curved surface grid lines, drawing hyperboloid plane projection grid lines, generating and extracting grid line intersection measurement data, and exporting all vertical rod elevations;
s2, supporting and erecting a bottom panel (104): performing field lofting, popping grid lines projected by a curved surface plane on the ground by using ink lines, and erecting a disc buckle type full-space support (101) according to the intersection point of the ground grid lines to control elevation at the bottom of the curved surface;
s3, setting up a bottom panel (104): installing the main ridges (102) of the steel pipes at the bottom of the plate, placing the wood square secondary ridges (103) and laying the bottom plates (104) one by one according to the working procedures, and checking and accepting;
s4, binding a curved-surface reinforcing mesh: measuring the length of grid lines by means of the grid lines generated by a revit software BIM model, performing steel bar lofting, and binding a curved surface steel bar mesh along the direction of a straight bus of the curved surface grid;
s5, linear control of the curved surface template: determining whether to adopt a single-sided template or a double-sided template according to the gradient of the curved surface
S6, installing a template: pre-bending and forming the template according to the radian of the site, and after the template is laid, measuring the elevation of the template by using a level meter or correcting a diagonal pull-through line, and leveling;
s7, pouring concrete: pouring curved concrete by using an automobile pump;
s8, pouring and vibrating: in the concrete pouring process, vibrating is carried out through a vibrating rod (111), and vibrating is carried out on a double-sided template through a pouring groove (110) arranged on a plate surface template (113) at the top of the double-sided template;
s9: and (3) maintenance: because the curved roof can not store water, water is supplied for maintenance 24 hours a day to prevent cracks from appearing on a concrete surface layer due to too fast evaporation of water, and measures of covering geotextile and covering a waterproof film on the outermost layer are adopted on the concrete surface of the roof, and the maintenance time is 14 days.
2. The construction method of the cast-in-place large-section multi-curve roof as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: in the step S6, the template is a polymer plastic template.
3. The construction method of the cast-in-place large-section multi-curve roof as claimed in claim 2, characterized in that: the specific method of using the single-sided template or the double-sided template in the step S5 is as follows: when the gradient of the plate surface is more than 45 degrees, erecting a double-faced template according to the construction method of the wall; when the gradient of the plate surface is 25-45 degrees, a method of layered pouring of a double-faced template is adopted; when the gradient of the plate surface is less than 25 degrees, a single-sided template is adopted for pouring, and the plate surface template (113) is not supported.
4. The construction method of the cast-in-place large-section multi-curve roof as claimed in claim 3, characterized in that: the layered pouring method of the double faced template comprises the following steps:
s1, pre-installing 300-300 counter-pulling screws (105) in a double-faced template area, wherein water stop rings need to be arranged in the middle of the screws;
s2, mounting a panel template (113), mounting the panel template (113) and the batten secondary edge (103) firstly, enabling the counter-pulling screw (105) to penetrate through, locking the counter-pulling screw (105), reserving a pouring groove (110) on the panel template (113), and enabling the width of the pouring groove (110) to be 30-40cm;
s3, pouring in layers, adopting fine stone concrete to pour because the thickness of the plate is not more than 15cm, and sealing the pouring groove (110) after the pouring height of each layer of concrete is not more than 2 m.
5. The construction method of the cast-in-place large-section multi-curve roof as claimed in claim 4, wherein the construction method comprises the following steps: the method for controlling the layered pouring thickness of the double-faced template comprises the following steps: before the panel surface template (113) is installed, paint is coated on the opposite-pulling screw rod (105) according to the length of the thickness of the panel and the thickness of two templates to be positioned (106), and the opposite-pulling screw rod is strictly fixed according to the paint position during installation.
6. The automatic visibility meter cleaning device according to claim 3, wherein: before the single-sided formwork is poured, a blocking net (112) is arranged in the bottom panel (104) to prevent concrete from flowing downwards.
7. The construction method of the cast-in-place large-section multi-curve roof as claimed in claim 6, characterized in that: the method for controlling the radian of the upper surface of the curved surface poured by the single-sided template and the thickness of the roof panel concrete comprises the following steps: after the construction of the steel bars is finished, thickness control steel bars (107) are arranged and are arranged in a longitudinal and transverse symmetrical mode according to the interval of 1500mm and 1500mm, a plane control steel pipe (108) is arranged at the upper end of each steel bar, when the concrete is polished to the control elevation of the plate surface, the height control steel pipe (108) in the polishing range is removed, and the principle of polishing and removing section by section is implemented; when the concrete surface is subjected to light receiving, a special wood rubber is used, and the light receiving is carried out according to the thickness control steel bar (107).
8. The construction method of the cast-in-place large-section multi-curve roof as claimed in claim 4, wherein the construction method comprises the following steps: the vibrating method of the double-sided template comprises the following steps: before the top formwork is installed, steel wire hoses (109) with the diameter of 35mm are arranged in the reinforcing mesh at the distance of 1m to 1m, and the steel wire hoses are disconnected at the position of a pouring groove (110) so as to be convenient for subsequent taking out; in the concrete pouring process, a vibrating rod (111) is inserted into a pouring groove (110) through a pre-embedded steel wire hose (109), and the hose is pulled out while vibrating, so that the thin panel is guaranteed to be vibrated compactly.
9. The construction method of the cast-in-place large-section multi-curve roof as claimed in claim 1, which is characterized in that: in the step S4, before the steel bars are bound, nails need to be nailed on the template, on one hand, the main curved-surface steel bars are fixed to prevent slipping, on the other hand, the main curved-surface steel bars are fixed through external force to ensure that the curvature of the steel bars meets the design stress requirement, and all steel bar intersection points are firmly bound through binding wires to prevent displacement.
10. The construction method of the cast-in-place large-section multi-curve roof as claimed in claim 1, which is characterized in that: the concrete method for maintaining comprises the following steps: plastic water pipes are arranged along the middle longitudinal beam of the roof, holes are formed in the water pipes every 10cm, and water is filled for maintenance 24 hours a day.
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN116950315A (en) * | 2023-07-28 | 2023-10-27 | 中国建筑第二工程局有限公司 | Construction method of special-shaped arc roof |
| CN117759007A (en) * | 2023-12-26 | 2024-03-26 | 北京益汇达清水建筑工程有限公司 | Multi-curved-surface modeling concrete structure top surface molding construction template and method |
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| CN113882670A (en) * | 2021-09-29 | 2022-01-04 | 中建七局交通建设有限公司 | BIM-based construction method for cast-in-place concrete of special-shaped roof |
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| CN116950315B (en) * | 2023-07-28 | 2024-07-26 | 中国建筑第二工程局有限公司 | Construction method of special-shaped arc roof |
| CN117759007A (en) * | 2023-12-26 | 2024-03-26 | 北京益汇达清水建筑工程有限公司 | Multi-curved-surface modeling concrete structure top surface molding construction template and method |
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