CN103187757B - 用于为电动车辆中的电池充电的装置 - Google Patents

用于为电动车辆中的电池充电的装置 Download PDF

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CN103187757B
CN103187757B CN201210586949.5A CN201210586949A CN103187757B CN 103187757 B CN103187757 B CN 103187757B CN 201210586949 A CN201210586949 A CN 201210586949A CN 103187757 B CN103187757 B CN 103187757B
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switch element
unit
output
battery
rectification
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CN103187757A (zh
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宣锺仁
金佑燮
梁千锡
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LS Electric Co Ltd
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LS Industrial Systems Co Ltd
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M3/00—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output
    • H02M3/22—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac
    • H02M3/24—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters
    • H02M3/28—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac
    • H02M3/325—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac using devices of a triode or a transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal
    • H02M3/335—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac using devices of a triode or a transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only
    • H02M3/33569—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac using devices of a triode or a transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only having several active switching elements
    • H02M3/33576—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac using devices of a triode or a transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only having several active switching elements having at least one active switching element at the secondary side of an isolation transformer
    • H02M3/33592—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac using devices of a triode or a transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only having several active switching elements having at least one active switching element at the secondary side of an isolation transformer having a synchronous rectifier circuit or a synchronous freewheeling circuit at the secondary side of an isolation transformer
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L58/00—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles
    • B60L58/10—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries
    • B60L58/18—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries of two or more battery modules
    • B60L58/20—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries of two or more battery modules having different nominal voltages
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
    • H02J7/34—Parallel operation in networks using both storage and other dc sources, e.g. providing buffering
    • H02J7/342—The other DC source being a battery actively interacting with the first one, i.e. battery to battery charging
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M3/00—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output
    • H02M3/22—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac
    • H02M3/24—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters
    • H02M3/28—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac
    • H02M3/325—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac using devices of a triode or a transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal
    • H02M3/335—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac using devices of a triode or a transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only
    • H02M3/337—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac using devices of a triode or a transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only in push-pull configuration
    • H02M3/3376—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac using devices of a triode or a transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only in push-pull configuration with automatic control of output voltage or current
    • H02M3/3378—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac using devices of a triode or a transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only in push-pull configuration with automatic control of output voltage or current in a push-pull configuration of the parallel type
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L2210/00—Converter types
    • B60L2210/10—DC to DC converters
    • B60L2210/12—Buck converters
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L2210/00—Converter types
    • B60L2210/30—AC to DC converters
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L2210/00—Converter types
    • B60L2210/40—DC to AC converters
    • B60L2210/42—Voltage source inverters
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L2240/00—Control parameters of input or output; Target parameters
    • B60L2240/40—Drive Train control parameters
    • B60L2240/54—Drive Train control parameters related to batteries
    • B60L2240/547—Voltage
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J2207/00—Indexing scheme relating to details of circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
    • H02J2207/20—Charging or discharging characterised by the power electronics converter
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J2310/00—The network for supplying or distributing electric power characterised by its spatial reach or by the load
    • H02J2310/40—The network being an on-board power network, i.e. within a vehicle
    • H02J2310/48—The network being an on-board power network, i.e. within a vehicle for electric vehicles [EV] or hybrid vehicles [HEV]
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M1/00—Details of apparatus for conversion
    • H02M1/0067—Converter structures employing plural converter units, other than for parallel operation of the units on a single load
    • H02M1/0074—Plural converter units whose inputs are connected in series
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
    • Y02T10/70—Energy storage systems for electromobility, e.g. batteries
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
    • Y02T10/72—Electric energy management in electromobility
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T90/00—Enabling technologies or technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02T90/10—Technologies relating to charging of electric vehicles
    • Y02T90/12—Electric charging stations

Abstract

本发明公开了一种用于为电动车辆中的电池充电的装置，包括在两个通道中形成的直流-直流变换单元，用于通过接收来自高压电池的电源而变换电源来为低压电池充电。

Description

用于为电动车辆中的电池充电的装置
技术领域
本公开涉及用于为电动车辆中的电池充电的装置。
背景技术
本部分提供与本公开有关的但未必是现有技术的背景信息。
由于普通车辆使用汽油、燃料气以及类似物，普通车辆因其排放例如一氧化碳、二氧化碳和废气的环境有害物质而蒙受损害。最近，为了解决由车辆的废气引起的环境污染、化石燃料的消耗以及类似问题，对于使用电动机作为动力源或者辅助动力源的环境友好车辆的批量生产和普及度的期望在增加，例如电动车辆和混合动力车辆（在下文中被称作“电动车辆”）。特别地，对于高效率和高性能汽车的汽车用零件的需求正在增加。
因此，需要开发高效变换器作为用于通过从设置在电动车辆内部的高压电池接收150V直流输入电压或者300V直流输入电压来为通常为110V或者220V直流的低压电池充电的装置。
发明内容
本部分提供本公开的大体概要，而不是其全部范围或者所有特征的全面公开。
与本公开一致的系统提供了一种用于为电动车辆中的电池充电的装置，以保证效率和稳定性。
然而，需要强调的是本公开不限于上面解释的特定公开。应当理解此处未提到的其他技术主题可以为本领域技术人员所领会。
在本公开的一个方案中，提供了一种用于通过使用高压电池的电源为低压电池充电的装置，所述装置包括：
直流-直流变换单元，其在两个通道中形成，用于通过接收来自所述高压电池的电源而将所述低压电池的充电变换成电源；以及
输出单元，其通过连接至在两个通道中形成的每个所述直流-直流变换单元而连接至所述低压电池，其中在两个通道中形成的每个直流-直流变换单元包括：
开关单元，其通过接收来自所述高压电池的电源而切换相位差，
变压器单元，其连接至所述开关单元的输出端以降低所述开关单元输出的电压，
整流单元，其在将所述变压器单元的输出整流后将所述变压器单元的输出变换成直流电压，以及
滤波单元，其连接至所述输出单元以对所述整流单元的输出进行滤波。
在一些示例性实施例中，每个双通道的开关单元可以为串联连接。
在一些示例性实施例中，所述整流单元和所述滤波单元可以包括电流倍加器。
在一些示例性实施例中，所述滤波单元可以包括由在一个铁心上的两个线圈形成的耦合电感。
在一些示例性实施例中，所述开关单元可以通过全桥方法或者半桥方法形成。
在一些示例性实施例中，所述整流单元可以包括两个MOSFET或者两个二极管。
在一些示例性实施例中，每个通道的所述直流-直流变换单元的开关单元可以包括多个开关元件，其中第一通道的开关元件和第二通道的开关元件分别具有90°相位差。
根据本公开的示例性实施例的用于为电动车辆中的电池充电的装置具有的有益效果在于，能够降低额定内压以及使构造简单化，以由此获得成本效率效果和空间缩小效果。
另一个有益效果在于，能够降低输出电流的脉动，并且能够通过使用耦合电感减少电感，以降低滤波单元的大小和产品的大小与重量。
附图说明
为了解释本公开的原理，尽管并非旨在详尽的阐述，一些以图解例证以及说明为目的的涉及优选实施例的相关附图被呈献在下文中。附图描述了一个或多个依据本发明的构思的示例性实施方案，其仅作为举例而非限定。在附图中，相似的附图标记用于相同的或类似的部件。
因此，通过下述对特定示例性实施例的详细描述，结合附图，可以容易地理解多种潜在实用且有用的示例性实施例，在附图中：
图1为图示出根据本公开的示例性实施例的用于为电动车辆中的电池充电的装置的示意框图；
图2为图示出根据本公开的示例性实施例的用于为电动车辆中的电池充电的装置的电路图；
图3a和图3b为图示出根据本公开的示例性实施例的用于为电动车辆中的电池充电的装置的电流的示意图。
具体实施方式
对于本领域的普通技术人员来说，在查阅以下附图和详细描述时，将会理解公开的实施例的特征和优点。其旨在所有这种附加的特征和优点均包含在所公开的实施例的范围内，并通过附图受到保护。此外，示出的附图仅为示例性的并且不旨在主张和暗示对于可实施不同的实施例的环境、结构或过程的任何限制。因此，所描述的方案旨在包含落在本发明的精神和新颖构思内的所有这种替代、改进以及变化。
在下文中,将结合附图详细描述根据本公开的示例性实施例的用于为电动车辆中的电池充电的装置。
图1为图示出根据本公开的示例性实施例的用于为电动车辆中的电池充电的装置的示意框图；
图2为图示出根据本公开的示例性实施例的用于为电动车辆中的电池充电的装置的电路图；
图3a和图3b为图示出根据本公开的示例性实施例的用于为电动车辆中的电池充电的装置的电流的示意图。
根据本公开的示例性实施例的用于为电动车辆中的电池充电的装置(在下文中被称作“装置”)包括：高压电池110，通过切换直流电源将直流电源变换成交流电源的开关单元120-1、120-2，将从开关单元120-1、120-2输出的交流电源降压的变压器单元130-1、130-2，将电荷减少的或者经电压变换的电源整流成直流电源的整流单元140-1、140-2，对已整流的电源进行滤波的滤波单元150-1、150-2，以及通过接收从滤波单元150-1、150-2输出的电源而充电的低压电池160。
参照图1，开关单元120、变压器单元130、整流单元140和滤波单元150各提供了两个，这意味提供了两个直流-直流变换单元或者在两个通道中配置了直流-直流变换单元，每个直流-直流变换单元包括开关单元120、变压器单元130、整流单元140和滤波单元150。
也就是说，根据本公开的示例性实施例的用于使用高压电池110的电源为低压电池160充电的装置包括：在两个通道中配置的直流-直流变换单元，该直流-直流变换单元连接至高压电池110的输出端，用于通过接受来自高压电池110的电力而变换电源来为低压电池160充电；以及输出单元，其连接至在两个通道中形成的每个直流-直流变换单元并且连接至低压电池160。
每个直流-直流变换单元可以包括：用于通过接收来自高压电池110的电源而被以相位差切换的开关单元120，用于通过连接至开关单元120的输出端而降低开关单元的120输出的电压的变压器单元130，通过对来自变压器单元130的输出进行整流而将来自变压器单元130的输出变换成直流电压的整流单元140，以及连接至输出单元并对整流单元140的输出进行滤波的滤波单元150。
与此同时，如图1所示，能够注意到开关单元120-1、120-2串联连接。串联连接是为了经受住在输入端处的来自高压电池110的电压的措施。在安装了两个开关单元120-1、120-2的情况下，额定电流的一半分别流入每个开关单元。因此，来自高压电池110的电压输入能够在装置的输入端被分配或者分担，由此能够降低内部电压。
此外，如图1所示，整流单元140-1、140-2和滤波单元150-1、150-2可以用电流倍加器方法配置。特别地，考虑到电动车辆的充电系统需要低输出电压但是需要高直流电流的事实，所提出的电流倍加器方法是有益的。
滤波单元150-1、150-2可以降低电感的电感值并且也可以通过使用耦合电感降低体积。耦合电感可以是通过在一个铁心上缠绕多个线圈而形成的电感。
在低压/大电流型直流-直流变换器中对变换效率具有最大影响的重要因素是在变换器的输出端处的传导损耗，在此可以通过使用耦合电感降低传导损耗。此外，耦合电感能够通过分配来使大电流流过，由此能够引起热分散效应并且可以显著地降低输出电流中的脉动。
此外，开关单元120-1、120-2可以配置有全桥型开关组件或者半桥型开关组件，全桥型开关组件由四个开关元件构成，半桥型开关组件配置有两个开关元件。此时，开关元件可以是MOSFET（金属氧化物半导体场效应晶体管）或者二极管。然而，本公开不限于此，并且可以使用任何能够执行开关操作的元件。
与此同时，每个直流-直流变换单元包括两个串联连接的开关单元120-1、120-2，并且可以看作配置有两个通道的直流-直流变换单元。直流-直流变换单元每个通道的开关单元120-1、120-2分别配置有四个开关元件或两个开关元件。分别属于不同通道的开关单元可以配置为具有90°的相位差。
换句话说，第一通道的开关单元和第二通道的开关单元可以以相互不同的相位执行接通/切断操作。此外，整流单元140-1、140-2可以配置有两个MOSFET（金属氧化物半导体场效应晶体管）或两个二极管。
图2为图示出根据本公开的示例性实施例的用于为电动车辆中的电池充电的装置的电路图，在此，图2用实际电路或者实际元件图示出图1中图示出的根据本公开的示例性实施例的用于为电动车辆中的电池充电的装置的示意图。
上述装置中的开关单元120-1、120-2为双通道串联连接的具有四个开关元件（S1~S4或者S5~S8）的全桥开关电路，并且是在每个通道中能够通过简单方法调整的开关电路。然而，尽管图2图示出全桥开关电路，该装置也可以配置有半桥型开关电路。
开关单元120-1、120-2配置有由多个有四个开关元件形成的全桥变换器以切换每个高压电池的输入直流电源（Vdc）。
同样如图所示，图2中上端的通道看作是第一通道，并且下端的通道看作是第二通道。开关单元120-1、120-2的每个开关元件可以以相位差切换。也就是说，图2中的第一开关单元120-1的四个开关元件可以以与图2中的第二开关单元120-2的四个开关元件呈90°相位差被操作和转换。可以通过相位差的单独调整来操作开关单元120-1、120-2，以避免由开关元件之间的传导引起的短路现象。
现在，将更详细地描述开关单元120-1、120-2的操作。
图3a为图示出根据本公开的示例性实施例的用于为电动车辆中的电池充电的装置的电流的示意图。更具体地，装置的电流与开关单元120-1、120-2的操作有关。
在开关单元120-1、120-2的所有开关元件S1和S4处于开关接通状态的情况下，输入电流流入开关元件S1以在变压器单元130-1的初级侧处的磁化感应线圈Lm1中储存能量。此外，与开关元件S1移相90°的开关元件S5和S8可以保持开关接通状态。流经磁化感应线圈Lm1的能量经过开关元件S4，并且已经经过开关元件S4的电流以与第一通道中相同的方式流入开关元件S5以在变压器单元130-2的次级侧处的磁化感应线圈Lm2中储存能量，并且经过开关元件S8以在输入侧处放电至接地线。
图3b为图示出根据本公开的示例性实施例的用于为电动车辆中的电池充电的装置的电流的示意图。参照图3b，在所有开关元件S2和S3处于开关接通状态的情况下，90°移相的开关元件S6和S7也接通。也就是说，图3b图示出流向开关元件S6和S7的电流，输入电流流入开关元件S3并且经由变压器单元130-1流经开关元件S2。
第一通道的变压器单元130-1和第二通道的变压器单元130-2在第一开关单元120-1和第二开关单元120-2处接通/切断以在变压器单元130-1的初级侧感应出电压，感应的电压在与变压器的相互作用下使得在变压器单元130-2的次级侧产生电压，并且将通过整流单元140-1、140-2被整流成直流电压。
在低压/大电流型变换器中对变换效率具有最大影响的重要因素是在变换器的输出端处的传导损耗，并且为了降低传导损耗，将耦合至整流单元的输出端的电感器用作滤波单元以降低电感器的电感值并且也降低体积（大小）。此外，插入了耦合至输出端的滤波单元的电感器以允许大输出电流以分流的方式流动，由此可以减轻热分散效应和输出脉动电流。
如图3a所示，在开关单元120-1、120-2的开关元件S1、S4、S5、S8处于接通状态的情况下，整流单元140-1、140-2的开关元件SR1、SR3可以接通以形成如图3a所示的闭环。
此外，在开关单元120-1、120-2的开关元件S2、S3、S6、S7处于接通状态的情况下，整流单元140-1、140-2的开关元件SR2、SR4可以接通以形成如图3b所示的闭环。
然而，上述根据本公开的用于为电动车辆中的电池充电的装置可以用多种形式具体表达，并不应该解释为以其提出的实施例为限定。因此，只要落入权利要求及其等同替换的保护范围之内，本公开的实施例可以覆盖本公开的修正和变化。虽然特定特征或者方案可能已经被个别实施例公开，但是可以想到将这些特征和方案可以选择性地与其他实施例的一个或者多个其他特征和/或方案结合。

Claims (4)

1.一种用于通过使用高压电池的电源为低压电池充电的装置，所述装置包括：
直流-直流变换单元，其在两个通道中形成，用于通过接收来自所述高压电池的电源而变换电源来为所述低压电池充电；以及
输出单元，其通过连接至在两个通道中形成的每个所述直流-直流变换单元而连接至所述低压电池，其中在两个通道中形成的每个直流-直流变换单元包括：
开关单元，其通过接收来自所述高压电池的电源而切换相位差，
变压器单元，其连接至所述开关单元的输出端以降低所述开关单元输出的电压，
整流单元，其在将所述变压器单元的输出整流后将所述变压器单元的输出变换成直流电压，以及
滤波单元，其连接至所述输出单元以对所述整流单元的输出进行滤波，
其中，所述整流单元和所述滤波单元包括电流倍加器，所述滤波单元包括由在一个铁心上的两个线圈形成的耦合电感，并且每个通道的所述直流-直流变换单元的开关单元包括多个开关元件，其中第一通道的开关元件和第二通道的开关元件分别具有90°相位差。
2.根据权利要求1所述的装置，其中，每个双通道的开关单元为串联连接。
3.根据权利要求1所述的装置，其中，所述开关单元通过全桥方法或者半桥方法形成。
4.根据权利要求1所述的装置，其中，所述整流单元包括两个MOSFET或者两个二极管。
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