CN103180601B - 压力调节阀 - Google Patents

压力调节阀 Download PDF

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CN103180601B
CN103180601B CN201180051798.7A CN201180051798A CN103180601B CN 103180601 B CN103180601 B CN 103180601B CN 201180051798 A CN201180051798 A CN 201180051798A CN 103180601 B CN103180601 B CN 103180601B
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armature
chamber
valve
pressure regulator
regulator valve
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CN103180601A (zh
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M·穆希
H·格鲁尔
P·J·费雷拉贡萨尔维斯
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Robert Bosch GmbH
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F02D41/00—Electrical control of supply of combustible mixture or its constituents
    • F02D41/22—Safety or indicating devices for abnormal conditions
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M63/00—Other fuel-injection apparatus having pertinent characteristics not provided for in groups F02M39/00 - F02M57/00 or F02M67/00; Details, component parts, or accessories of fuel-injection apparatus, not provided for in, or of interest apart from, the apparatus of groups F02M39/00 - F02M61/00 or F02M67/00; Combination of fuel pump with other devices, e.g. lubricating oil pump
    • F02M63/0012—Valves
    • F02M63/0014—Valves characterised by the valve actuating means
    • F02M63/0015—Valves characterised by the valve actuating means electrical, e.g. using solenoid
    • F02M63/0017—Valves characterised by the valve actuating means electrical, e.g. using solenoid using electromagnetic operating means
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M63/00—Other fuel-injection apparatus having pertinent characteristics not provided for in groups F02M39/00 - F02M57/00 or F02M67/00; Details, component parts, or accessories of fuel-injection apparatus, not provided for in, or of interest apart from, the apparatus of groups F02M39/00 - F02M61/00 or F02M67/00; Combination of fuel pump with other devices, e.g. lubricating oil pump
    • F02M63/0012—Valves
    • F02M63/0031—Valves characterized by the type of valves, e.g. special valve member details, valve seat details, valve housing details
    • F02M63/0033—Lift valves, i.e. having a valve member that moves perpendicularly to the plane of the valve seat
    • F02M63/0036—Lift valves, i.e. having a valve member that moves perpendicularly to the plane of the valve seat with spherical or partly spherical shaped valve member ends
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M63/00—Other fuel-injection apparatus having pertinent characteristics not provided for in groups F02M39/00 - F02M57/00 or F02M67/00; Details, component parts, or accessories of fuel-injection apparatus, not provided for in, or of interest apart from, the apparatus of groups F02M39/00 - F02M61/00 or F02M67/00; Combination of fuel pump with other devices, e.g. lubricating oil pump
    • F02M63/0012—Valves
    • F02M63/0031—Valves characterized by the type of valves, e.g. special valve member details, valve seat details, valve housing details
    • F02M63/0043—Two-way valves
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M63/00—Other fuel-injection apparatus having pertinent characteristics not provided for in groups F02M39/00 - F02M57/00 or F02M67/00; Details, component parts, or accessories of fuel-injection apparatus, not provided for in, or of interest apart from, the apparatus of groups F02M39/00 - F02M61/00 or F02M67/00; Combination of fuel pump with other devices, e.g. lubricating oil pump
    • F02M63/0012—Valves
    • F02M63/0031—Valves characterized by the type of valves, e.g. special valve member details, valve seat details, valve housing details
    • F02M63/005—Pressure relief valves
    • F02M63/0052—Pressure relief valves with means for adjusting the opening pressure, e.g. electrically controlled
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M63/00—Other fuel-injection apparatus having pertinent characteristics not provided for in groups F02M39/00 - F02M57/00 or F02M67/00; Details, component parts, or accessories of fuel-injection apparatus, not provided for in, or of interest apart from, the apparatus of groups F02M39/00 - F02M61/00 or F02M67/00; Combination of fuel pump with other devices, e.g. lubricating oil pump
    • F02M63/0012—Valves
    • F02M63/007—Details not provided for in, or of interest apart from, the apparatus of the groups F02M63/0014 - F02M63/0059
    • F02M63/0073—Pressure balanced valves
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M63/00—Other fuel-injection apparatus having pertinent characteristics not provided for in groups F02M39/00 - F02M57/00 or F02M67/00; Details, component parts, or accessories of fuel-injection apparatus, not provided for in, or of interest apart from, the apparatus of groups F02M39/00 - F02M61/00 or F02M67/00; Combination of fuel pump with other devices, e.g. lubricating oil pump
    • F02M63/0012—Valves
    • F02M63/007—Details not provided for in, or of interest apart from, the apparatus of the groups F02M63/0014 - F02M63/0059
    • F02M63/0078—Valve member details, e.g. special shape, hollow or fuel passages in the valve member
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M63/00—Other fuel-injection apparatus having pertinent characteristics not provided for in groups F02M39/00 - F02M57/00 or F02M67/00; Details, component parts, or accessories of fuel-injection apparatus, not provided for in, or of interest apart from, the apparatus of groups F02M39/00 - F02M61/00 or F02M67/00; Combination of fuel pump with other devices, e.g. lubricating oil pump
    • F02M63/02—Fuel-injection apparatus having several injectors fed by a common pumping element, or having several pumping elements feeding a common injector; Fuel-injection apparatus having provisions for cutting-out pumps, pumping elements, or injectors; Fuel-injection apparatus having provisions for variably interconnecting pumping elements and injectors alternatively
    • F02M63/0225—Fuel-injection apparatus having a common rail feeding several injectors ; Means for varying pressure in common rails; Pumps feeding common rails
    • F02M63/023—Means for varying pressure in common rails
    • F02M63/0235—Means for varying pressure in common rails by bleeding fuel pressure
    • F02M63/025—Means for varying pressure in common rails by bleeding fuel pressure from the common rail
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M55/00—Fuel-injection apparatus characterised by their fuel conduits or their venting means; Arrangements of conduits between fuel tank and pump F02M37/00
    • F02M55/02—Conduits between injection pumps and injectors, e.g. conduits between pump and common-rail or conduits between common-rail and injectors
    • F02M55/025—Common rails

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • Magnetically Actuated Valves (AREA)
  • Fuel-Injection Apparatus (AREA)
  • Valve Device For Special Equipments (AREA)

Abstract

本发明涉及用于打开或关闭一个用于内燃机的喷射装置的高压存储器（12）的排流的压力调节阀（10）。该压力调节阀（10）具有一个阀部件（18），该阀部件能由一个电磁铁致动器（17）操作。该电磁铁致动器（17）用衔铁（31）作用于关闭部件（29），该关闭部件关闭或释放从所述高压存储器（12）到阀室（26）的液压连接，其中，所述阀室（26）与一个低压接口（15）形成液压连接。所述衔铁（31）具有一个衔铁板（32）及一个衔铁杆（33），所述衔铁板（32）可运动地设置在一个衔铁室（44）中。所述衔铁室（44）通过一个回流连接部分（50）与所述阀室（26）形成液压连接。

Description

压力调节阀
技术领域
本发明涉及压力调节阀。
背景技术
在具有高压存储器(共轨)的自点火式内燃机工作时高压存储器中的燃料系统压力借助一个压力调节阀基本上保持恒定。一旦高压存储器中的压力超过系统压力，压力调节阀打开；当压力又下降到系统压力以下时，压力调节阀则关闭。由此可保证：向内燃机汽缸的燃料喷射在保持不变的状况下进行。如果高压存储器中的燃料压力下降到溶解在燃料中的空气的蒸发压力以下，空气则蒸发出来，以致在高压存储器中除液态的燃料外还包含有气态的气体。在内燃机起动时包含在高压存储器中的气体必需通过高压泵压缩，由此在高压存储器中建立对于其工作所需的压力。对此将与内燃机的起动温度相关地需要发动机转动多个转，由此出现起动延迟。为了能使高压存储器中包含的空气排出已提出：在发电机停机时使压力调节阀置于打开状态。
由DE102004002964A1公知了一种压力调节阀，其中在内燃机的停止状态中使压力调节阀打开，这就是说，由一个关闭部件开放高压存储器到低压导管的连接。为此该压力调节阀具有一个电磁铁致动器，为了闭合关闭部件该致动器被通电，其方式是衔铁将关闭部件置于阀座上。为了打开关闭部件设置了一个弹簧部件，它反电磁铁致动器的磁力地作用并由此使衔铁及固定在衔铁上的衔铁杆向着打开方向运动，并由此使关闭部件从阀座上抬起及释放高压存储器与低压导管之间的液压回流连接。该向着低压导管的液压回流连接从一个设置在阀座后面的阀室开始，并设有由阀室在径向上向侧面分支的孔，这些孔通入高压存储器壳体中的低压导管。
发明内容
根据本发明的压力调节阀具有其优点，即关闭部件可进行快速的打开行程并在打开的位置时保留在一个稳定的状态中。这是可能作到的，因为衔铁的两侧受到相同的压力及由此衔铁上的压力是平衡的。由此回流导管中的压力波动不会影响到衔铁。此外通过衔铁板设置在衔铁室中在打开阶段期间可达到衔铁的阻尼。
通过其他可选技术方案的措施可得到有利的实施形式。
根据第一实施形式回流连接部分通过构成在衔铁杆中的、阀室与衔铁室之间的连接孔来构成，该连接孔最好被构成盲孔及由该盲孔分支出的横向孔。
根据第二实施形式回流连接部分通过至少一个穿过阀壳体的孔来实现，该孔在一端与阀室相连接及在另一端与衔铁室相连接。在此情况下该孔可间接地或直接地通入阀室及衔铁室。
根据第三实施形式液压回流连接部分由至少一个在活塞导向部中和/或在衔铁杆中加工出的通道构成。特别简单地该通道由一个在活塞导向部和/或衔铁杆中加工出的、轴向延伸的槽构成。合乎要求的是在衔铁杆中开有四个在圆周上均匀分布的、轴向延伸的槽，这些槽构成轴向延伸的通道，其中在两个相邻的槽之间总是构成一个肋，该肋用其外表面构成活塞导向部内的一个导向面。
通过连接在衔铁室后面的一个排出节流阀的设置，可抑制在阀室与低压导管之间流体波动的影响及减少阀座上或关闭部件上气化的出现。也可选择将排出口直接连接在阀室的后面。
附图说明
在附图中表示出本发明的实施例及在以下的说明中对其详细的描述。
图1：根据第一实施例的本发明的压力调节阀的一个截面图，
图2：根据第二实施例的本发明的压力调节阀的一个截面图，
图3：根据第三实施例的本发明的压力调节阀的一个截面图，及
图4：根据图3中线II-II的该压力调节阀的一个截面图。
具体实施方式
图1，2及3中所示的压力调节阀10借助一个螺纹套管13被置入在一个燃料喷射装置的高压存储器12的壳体11内一个接收室14中。在此情况下压力调节阀10关闭或打开从高压存储器12到一个低压接口15的液压连接，该低压接口连接在一个未示出的低压导管上，该低压导管导回到一个也未示出的燃料储存容器中。
压力调节阀10具有一个电磁铁致动器17及一个阀部件18，其中电磁铁致动器17操作阀部件18。电磁铁致动器17及阀部件18被设置在阀壳体20中，阀壳体具有一个活塞导向部22、一个阀块接收部分3及一个接口侧接收部分24。
阀部件18被设置在阀块接收部分23中，阀部件包括一个阀块25及一个阀合部件29。阀块25通过一个垫圈限定了一个阀室26。一个节流孔27穿过阀块25，该节流孔使阀室26与高压存储器12形成液压连接。在阀块25中还有一个用于闭合部件29的阀座28。阀室26被设置在阀座28的后面，其中闭合部件29被设置在阀室26内。
具有一个电磁铁线圈30及一个衔铁31的电磁铁致动器17被设置在接口侧接收部分24中，其中电磁铁线圈30作用于衔铁31。衔铁31构有一个衔铁板32及一个衔铁杆33，其中衔铁杆33与衔铁板32固定地连接及作用于闭合部件29。衔铁杆33在活塞导向部22中轴向可移动地被导向，其中活塞导向部22轴向地穿过阀壳体20。
电磁铁线圈33与阀壳体20的围绕着的壳体部分构成一个具有磁心端面34的磁心，在电磁铁线圈30通电的情况下衔铁板32用其衔铁面36紧靠在磁心端面上。
此外一个具有接口法兰41的接口块40借助一个密封圈42液压密封地被置入在接口侧接收部分24中，其中低压接口15被构成在接口法兰41中。在接口块40与磁心端面34之间构成一个衔铁室44，在该衔铁室中轴向可移动地设置衔铁板32。在本实施例中衔铁室44通过一个排出节流阀45与低压接口15形成液压连接。但也可考虑，阀室26与低压接口15相连接。一个弹簧室46邻接在衔铁室44上，弹簧室在磁心端面34内被加工出来及接收一个压簧47，该压簧在闭合部件29的打开方向上作用在衔铁31上。接口块40借助一个压力注塑包封部分48保持在阀壳体20上，该压力注塑包封部分包含用于电磁铁线圈的电插接触头49。
为了在衔铁室44及阀室26内压力平衡地设置衔铁31在阀室26与衔铁室44之间设置了一个回流连接部分50。通过在阀室26与衔铁室44之间的该液压回流连接部分50使衔铁板32的两个对立的端面在衔铁室44内及衔铁杆33在阀室26内受到相同的压力，以致衔铁31基本上在轴向上可压力平衡地运动。
根据图1中的实施例液压回流连接部分50通过一个穿入衔铁杆33的盲孔51及由该盲孔分支出的横向孔52构成。盲孔51在一个端面53处通入衔铁室44。横向孔52在侧面通入阀室26。阀室26通过由此构成的回流孔50及通过衔铁室44与连接在回流接口15上的回流导管连接。
根据图2中的实施例液压回流连接部分50通过一个例如在轴向上穿过阀壳体20的孔55来实现，该孔在一端通入阀室26中及在另一端在磁心端面34处通入衔铁室44。但该孔55也可在另一端通入弹簧室46，该弹簧室又与衔铁室44形成液压连接。阀室26通过由此构成的回流孔50及通过衔铁室44与连接在回流接口15上的回流导管连接。
在另一实施例中液压回流连接部分50由至少一个在活塞导向部22中和/或在衔铁杆33中加工出的通道构成，根据图3该通道由一个在衔铁杆33中加工出的、轴向延伸的槽61构成。在根据图4的实施形式中该通道通过四个在衔铁杆33中加工出的槽63构成，这些槽延伸在衔铁杆33的表面上及由此通过活塞导向部22或衔铁杆33从阀室26经过弹簧室46向着衔铁室44建立了液压回流连接部分50。这四个轴向延伸的槽63均匀分布地设置在阀活塞33的圆周上。在两个相邻的槽63之间总是构成一个肋64，该肋用其外表面65构成活塞导向部22内的一个导向面。

Claims (9)

1.用于打开或关闭一个用于内燃机的喷射装置的高压存储器(12)的排流的压力调节阀，具有一个阀部件(18)，该阀部件能由一个电磁铁致动器(17)操作，该电磁铁致动器用衔铁(31)作用于关闭部件(29)，该关闭部件关闭或释放从所述高压存储器(12)到阀室(26)的液压连接，其中，所述衔铁(31)具有一个衔铁板(32)及一个衔铁杆(33)，该衔铁杆在阀壳体(20)中轴向可运动地被导向，其中，所述衔铁板(32)可运动地设置在一个衔铁室(44)中，及其中，所述阀室(26)与一个低压接口(15)形成液压连接，其中，所述衔铁室(44)通过一个回流连接部分(50)与所述阀室(26)形成液压连接，其特征在于：所述回流连接部分(50)通过在所述阀室(26)与所述衔铁室(44)之间构成在所述衔铁杆(33)中的连接孔来构成。
2.根据权利要求1的压力调节阀，其特征在于：该连接孔通过一个盲孔(51)及由该盲孔分支出的横向孔(52)来构成。
3.根据权利要求1的压力调节阀，其特征在于：所述回流连接部分(50)由至少一个在活塞导向部(22)中和/或在所述衔铁杆(33)中加工出的通道构成。
4.根据权利要求3的压力调节阀，其特征在于：该通道由至少一个在所述活塞导向部(22)和/或所述衔铁杆(33)中加工出的、轴向延伸的槽(61)构成。
5.根据权利要求4的压力调节阀，其特征在于：在所述衔铁杆(33)中构有四个在圆周上均匀分布的轴向延伸的槽(64)。
6.根据权利要求5的压力调节阀，其特征在于：在两个相邻的槽(64)之间总是构成一个肋(65)，该肋用其外表面(66)构成所述活塞导向部(22)内的导向面。
7.根据权利要求1或2的压力调节阀，其特征在于：所述低压接口(15)连接在所述衔铁室(44)上。
8.根据权利要求7的压力调节阀，其特征在于：在所述衔铁室(44)后面连接一个排出节流阀(45)，该排出节流阀(45)被构成在一个接口块(40)的接口法兰(41)中。
9.根据权利要求6的压力调节阀，其特征在于：所述低压接口(15)直接地连接在所述阀室(26)上。
CN201180051798.7A 2010-10-29 2011-09-20 压力调节阀 Expired - Fee Related CN103180601B (zh)

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