CN103175382A - Heat pump drying system - Google Patents
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- CN103175382A CN103175382A CN2011104404636A CN201110440463A CN103175382A CN 103175382 A CN103175382 A CN 103175382A CN 2011104404636 A CN2011104404636 A CN 2011104404636A CN 201110440463 A CN201110440463 A CN 201110440463A CN 103175382 A CN103175382 A CN 103175382A
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种热泵干燥系统，其包括干燥室、热泵系统以及供空气流通的管路；所述管路的两端分别与所述干燥室的第一进风口和第一出风口连接，且第一进风口和第一出风口分别设有第一风阀和第二风阀，所述管路上还设有可与外界空气连通的第二进风口和第二出风口，它们分别安装有第三风阀和第四风阀；所述冷凝器布置于干燥室内，而所述蒸发器布置在所述管路上并位于管路的第二进风口和第二出风口之间；以及所述热泵干燥系统还包括控制系统。本发明采用一个蒸发器就可以实现干燥过程中升温、稳温以及稳态除湿三种模式，结构简单，高效节能。
The invention discloses a heat pump drying system, which comprises a drying chamber, a heat pump system and a pipeline for air circulation; the two ends of the pipeline are respectively connected with the first air inlet and the first air outlet of the drying chamber, And the first air inlet and the first air outlet are respectively provided with a first air valve and a second air valve, and the pipeline is also provided with a second air inlet and a second air outlet that can communicate with the outside air, and they are respectively equipped with The third air valve and the fourth air valve; the condenser is arranged in the drying chamber, and the evaporator is arranged on the pipeline and is located between the second air inlet and the second air outlet of the pipeline; and the The heat pump drying system also includes a control system. The invention adopts one evaporator to realize three modes of temperature rise, temperature stabilization and steady dehumidification in the drying process, and has simple structure, high efficiency and energy saving.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of Analysis of Heat Pump Drying System, in particular to a kind of double heat source heat pump drying system.
Background technology
Because dried material need to expend huge heat energy, be the important topic of studying both at home and abroad so how can effectively improve quality, the shortening drying time of dried material and reduce energy consumption for drying always.At present, drying system major part commonly used is all used heat pump.Heat pump is a kind of device of producing a large amount of heat energy by consuming a small amount of high-grade energy (as electric energy), it can reach energy-conservation purpose by the latent heat that reclaims steam in the hothouse humid air, simultaneously, it has temperature precise control and adjustment advantage easily, thereby provides the foundation for the quality that guarantees material.Present domestic heat pump drying technology is mainly used in the low temperature drying field of the drying of wood, food industry (as the drying of tealeaves, aquatic products, fruit product etc.), agricultural byproducts processing (as dewatering vegetable) and grain, medicinal material, chemical industry light industrial goods.
Analysis of Heat Pump Drying System is made of heat pump and dry two large systems.Heat pump mainly comprises compressor, condenser, choke valve and evaporimeter and is made of the circulatory system of sealing pipeline.Heat pump fluid such as freon are housed in the heat pump pipeline, when system works, part heat in the hot-air that discharge heat pump fluid absorption dehydration chamber in evaporimeter and evaporate and become steam enters condensation heat release in condenser after compressed machine compression, and heat is passed to air.The hot-air that obtains heat from condenser enters hothouse again, and wet stock is carried out drying.The High Temperature Moist Air that dry run produces is through evaporimeter, heat pump wage in evaporimeter absorbs the heat in humid air and passes to condenser by compressor, thereby the temperature of humid air is down to dew point and is separated out condensed water, and then reaches the purpose of removing moisture and recovery waste heat in humid air.
In said process, the heat that condenser passes to dry room air equals the heat of evaporimeter absorption of air in the hothouse and the merit of compressor input.The acting of compressor can be used for the intensification of dry room air in theory, yet considers the heat radiation of hothouse building enclosure and add the required factors such as heat that expend of thermal material, is difficult to the intensification that realizes that hothouse is desirable under actual conditions.When hothouse need to heat up and needn't dehumidify the time, just need to increase other auxiliary thermal source.Showing difference, custom will be not be called single thermal source with the Analysis of Heat Pump Drying System of auxiliary thermal source, and will be called with the Analysis of Heat Pump Drying System of an auxiliary thermal source two thermals source, by that analogy.
In existing document, a kind of double heat source heat pump drying system with two evaporimeters has been proposed, be called again heat pump removal moisture drying system, the main distinction of it and single thermal source is that it has dehumidifying and heat pump two systems, two evaporimeters (dehumidifying evaporimeter and evaporator with heat pump) and two thermals source (hothouse humid air and atmospheric environment) are arranged, have the hothouse of making dehumidifying and the two kinds of functions that heat up.When hothouse needs hydrofuge, dehumidification system work, process is identical with single thermal source removal moisture drying system.When hothouse need to heat up, start heat pump, the working medium in evaporator with heat pump is adopted heat from atmospheric environment, delivers to condenser by compressor and emits heat, adds hot-air hothouse is heated up.
Because the double heat source heat pump drying system has increased by one road working medium circulation passage, make installation and the control of system become complicated, in dry run because needs are frequently heating up and switching except between wet cooling condition, therefore easily cause the unstable of said system, thereby the system that affects moves reliably and with long-term.
For this reason, the technical staff has researched and developed the Analysis of Heat Pump Drying System of the two thermals source of a kind of single evaporator.The condenser of this system still is positioned at hothouse, and evaporimeter is placed in the place of the outer close moisture exhausting port of hothouse, about 0.5 meter apart from moisture exhausting port, does not have airduct to connect between evaporimeter and moisture exhausting port.Being contemplated that of this scheme: open moisture exhausting port when needs dehumidify, allow the interior humid air stream pervaporation device of hothouse dehumidify, the heat in humid air is reclaimed by evaporimeter simultaneously; Close moisture exhausting port when needs heat up, evaporimeter absorbs the heat in atmospheric environment.Although this scheme systematic comparison is simple, in fact dehumidifying and heat recovery effect are very faint.Due to the humid air of the discharging evaporimeter of can all not flowing through, but first contact with atmosphere, the part heat has been passed to surrounding air, and have the portion of air evaporimeter of not flowing through.Therefore total heat loss is still larger, and the heat in humid air does not obtain real recovery.
Summary of the invention
The technical problem that wish of the present invention solves is, for existing defects in prior art, provides a kind of Analysis of Heat Pump Drying System, it only uses single evaporimeter, and is simple in structure, stable and reliable operation, and can effectively recover energy, to realize energy-efficient purpose.
For achieving the above object, Analysis of Heat Pump Drying System of the present invention comprises:
Hothouse is provided with the first air inlet and the first air outlet; Heat pump comprises condenser and evaporimeter; And the pipeline that supplies circulation of air; The two ends of described pipeline respectively with the first air inlet of described hothouse be connected air outlet and be connected, and the first air inlet and the first air outlet are respectively equipped with the first air-valve and the second air-valve, also be provided with the second air inlet and second air outlet that can be communicated with outside air on described pipeline, they are separately installed with the 3rd air-valve and the 4th air-valve; Described condenser is arranged in hothouse, and described evaporimeter is arranged on described pipeline and between second air inlet and the second air outlet of pipeline; And described Analysis of Heat Pump Drying System also comprises the control system be used to the switch of the start and stop of controlling described heat pump and described the first air-valve and the second air-valve and the 3rd air-valve and the 4th air-valve, and described control system comprises be used to the temperature sensor of measuring dry indoor air temperature and is used for measuring the humidity sensor of dry indoor air humidity.
Preferably, described condenser is arranged near the first air inlet and is relative with it.
Preferably, be provided with blower fan near described evaporimeter.
Preferably, described humidity sensor is arranged near the hothouse air outlet and is relative with this air outlet.
Wherein, be provided with in described hothouse for the materials vehicle of placing dried material, this materials vehicle comprises multilayer insulating panel, is provided with the space for circulation of air between adjacent two-layer dividing plate, and wheel is equipped with in the bottom of materials vehicle.
The invention still further relates to a kind of method of operating of Analysis of Heat Pump Drying System, comprise heating steps, steady temperature step and dehumidifying step, wherein, described heating steps comprises: when hothouse temperature that temperature sensor detects lower than target range under in limited time, described the first air-valve and the second air-valve are closed, the 3rd air-valve and the 4th air-valve are opened, and described heat pump startup is transferred in hothouse with the heat energy with outside air; Described steady temperature step comprises: the hothouse temperature that detects when temperature sensor is higher than the target range upper limit, simultaneously, the hothouse humidity that humidity sensor detects is lower than prescribing a time limit on desired value, and the first air-valve and the second air-valve are all closed, and heat pump quits work; Described dehumidifying step comprises: when hothouse humidity that humidity sensor detects higher than target range in limited time, described the first air-valve and the second air-valve are opened, the 3rd air-valve and the 4th air-valve are closed, and described heat pump starts so that the airborne moisture in hothouse is separated out.
Preferably, comprise also that when carrying out the dehumidifying step temperature of keeping hothouse is higher than the lower limit of described target range, until the dehumidifying step is completed.
Preferably, in carrying out described steady temperature step process, when hothouse temperature that temperature sensor detects lower than target range under in limited time, restart heating steps.
Preferably, when carrying out the dehumidifying step, as the temperature of hothouse lower than as described in target range lower in limited time, proceed the step that dehumidifies.
Preferably, in carrying out described dehumidifying step process, when hothouse temperature that temperature sensor detects lower than target range under in limited time, restart heating steps.
in sum, the single evaporator double heat source heat pump drying system that the present invention proposes is by reasonable Arrangement heat pump and pipeline structure, adopt an evaporimeter just can realize heating up in dry run, steady temperature and three kinds of patterns of stable state dehumidifying, installation and control with the double heat source heat pump working medium circulation pipe-line system of two evaporimeters have been simplified, the system that has avoided in the dry run the frequent switching due to above-mentioned three kinds of patterns to cause is unstable, be conducive to the long-term stability operation of Analysis of Heat Pump Drying System, avoided simultaneously on the market existing homogeneous system to leak heat loss under dehumidification mode larger, can't reach the situation of high efficiente callback hydrofuge thermic load, therefore have energy-efficient characteristics.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 shows the composition structural representation according to a kind of concrete Analysis of Heat Pump Drying System of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is the principle schematic of the heat pump in the described Analysis of Heat Pump Drying System of Fig. 1;
Fig. 3 shows the schematic diagram of the described Analysis of Heat Pump Drying System of Fig. 1 under heating cycle;
Fig. 4 shows the described Analysis of Heat Pump Drying System of Fig. 1 at the schematic diagram that removes under wet cooling condition.
The Reference numeral that uses in above accompanying drawing is respectively:
1, hothouse; 11, the first air inlet; 12, the first air outlet; 13, housing; 14, gate; 2, heat pump; 21, condenser; 211, blower fan; 212, support; 22, evaporimeter; 221, blower fan; 222, support; 23, compressor; 24, choke valve; 3, pipeline; 31, the second air inlet; 32, the second air outlet; 41, the first air-valve; 42, the second air-valve; 43, the 3rd air-valve; 44, the 4th air-valve; 5, temperature sensor; 6, humidity sensor; 7, materials vehicle; 71, material; 72, dividing plate; 73, wheel.
The specific embodiment
As shown in Figure 1, this Analysis of Heat Pump Drying System comprises the pipeline 3 of hothouse 1 and heat pump 2 and confession circulation of air, the two ends of this pipeline 3 are communicated with by the first air-valve 41 with the first air inlet 11 and first air outlet 12 of hothouse 1 respectively, thereby the air in hothouse 1 can be circulated by pipeline 3.
Described hothouse 1 comprises hothouse housing 13, and this housing 13 is comprised of the sheet metal of embedded insulation material, and wherein insulation material can be selected rock wool, polystyrene etc., and sheet metal is color steel.Described housing 13 is provided with hothouse gate 14.Be provided with the materials vehicle 7 of placing material 71 to be dried in hothouse 1, materials vehicle 7 is comprised of multilayer loading dividing plate 72, and the space of heat supply circulation of air is arranged between adjacent two-layer dividing plate 72, and wheel 73 is equipped with in the bottom of materials vehicle 7, can promote easily.Described materials vehicle 7 can be by hothouse gate 14 turnover hothouses 1.
Described pipeline 3 is formed by connecting by the aluminum airduct that many outer surfaces are coated with as insulation materials such as rubber and plastics, and it has good sealing and heat insulating ability.Two ports of pipeline 3 are communicated with the first air inlet 11 and first air outlet 12 of hothouse 1 respectively, and the first air-valve 41 and the second air-valve 42 are set being communicated with the position, thereby can control circulation of air between the inner and pipeline 3 of hothouse 1 by the switching of controlling this first air-valve 41 and the second air-valve 42.Also be provided with two outlets that can be communicated with ambient atmosphere on described pipeline 3, one of them is the second air inlet 31, one is the second air outlet 32, and at described the second air inlet 31 and the second air outlet 32 places, the 3rd air-valve 43 and the 4th air-valve 44 is being set respectively.
As described in Figure 2, described heat pump 2 mainly is comprised of evaporimeter 22, compressor 23, condenser 21 and choke valve 24, and described all parts consists of the circulatory system of sealing by pipeline, be provided with cold-producing medium in pipeline, during heat pump 2 work, cold-producing medium is circulation in pipeline.Wherein said condenser 21 is contained in support 11 and hangs on the place of close the first air inlet 11 in hothouse, and described condenser 21 also is provided with blower fan 211.Wherein axial and first air inlet 11 of blower fan 211 axially overlaps, and 11 mouthfuls of sagittal planes of blower fan 211 sagittal planes and the first air intake are parallel.This blower fan 211 provides circulation power for the interior air of hothouse 1 on the one hand, and in the air channel, air also can be inhaled in hothouse 1 when the first air-valve 41 is opened on the other hand.Described evaporimeter 22 has blower fan 221, is contained on support 222.Described evaporimeter 22 is installed on pipeline 3, and between the 3rd air-valve 43 and the 4th air-valve 44, thereby when described the 3rd air-valve 43 and the 4th air-valve 44 unlatching, outdoor air can enter pipeline 3 from the second air inlet 31, flows out from the second air outlet 32 after the evaporimeter 22 of flowing through.Described compressor 23 both can adopt also can the adopting of frequency conversion to decide frequency, type can be in piston compressor, screw compressor, rotor compressor and helical-lobe compressor any one.Described choke valve 24 can be any one in capillary, heating power expansion valve and electric expansion valve.
Described drying system also comprises control system, and this control system comprises controller (not shown) and the temperature sensor 5 that is connected with this controller and humidity sensor 6.Wherein temperature sensor 5 is positioned at the place ahead of the air outlet place blower fan of condenser 21, is used for measuring the air themperature after the condenser heating in hothouse.This temperature sensor 5 also can be arranged other the suitable positions in hothouse, with can the more convenient bulk temperature of measuring exactly in hothouse, such as, can also be arranged on the position of the close bottom of hothouse.This Analysis of Heat Pump Drying System can also have and is positioned near the temperature sensor of an end of the above-mentioned heat pump evaporimeter of hothouse and is positioned at temperature sensor away from an end of the above-mentioned heat pump subsystem evaporimeter unit of hothouse, is respectively used to measure the air themperature of flowing through before and after the evaporimeter unit.Described temperature sensor can adopt any one in thermocouple, RTD and thermistor temperature sensor.Humidity sensor 6 is arranged on the place of interior close the first air outlet of hothouse 1, is used for interior the wetting with material generation heat of measurement hothouse and exchanges the humidity of rear air.Similarly, this humidity sensor 6 also can be arranged on other suitable positions, in other position or hothouse such as pipeline.Described humidity sensor 5 can be any one in lithium chloride hygrometer, carbon dew cell, aluminium oxide hygrometer and Ceramic Humidity Sensor.Described controller also is connected with above-mentioned each.After described temperature sensor 5 and humidity sensor 6 record corresponding temperature and humidity, it is passed to controller with corresponding signal, controller is made corresponding judgement according to predefined number range, thereby determines the start and stop of above-mentioned heat pump and the switching of above-mentioned each air-valve and blower fan.Described air-valve adopts the shutter form.
As can be seen from Figure 1, by controlling the switching of each air-valve, described heat pump will consist of different circulation cycle.When closing the first air-valve 41 and the second air-valve 42, the first air inlet 11 and first air outlet 12 of hothouse 1 are all closed, thereby the air in hothouse 1 circulates in housing, can not circulate with outside air.If closing the first and second air-valves and opening the third and fourth air-valve, the second air outlet 32 and the second air inlet 31 are opened, thereby outdoor air will flow out from the second air outlet 32 after the second air inlet 31 enters pipeline 3 and the evaporimeter of flowing through.When opening the first and second air-valves and closing the third and fourth air-valve, the air in hothouse will be divided into two parts, and wherein a part is in dry indoor circulation, and another part will be in the circulation canal circulation of hothouse and pipeline communication.Described three kinds of different circulations of air circulation will consist of the different working modes (will in hereinafter give carefully state) of this Analysis of Heat Pump Drying System.
It can also be seen that from Fig. 1, the work of heat pump 2 can have two kinds of different thermals source.When opening the third and fourth air-valve closing the first and second air-valves, outdoor air will flow through evaporimeter, thereby heat pump can be take outdoor air as thermal source work, and then the heat energy in outdoor air is passed to air-flow in hothouse by evaporimeter, thereby dry indoor temperature is raise.When closing the third and fourth air-valve and opening the first and second air-valves, the evaporimeter of flowing through of the air in hothouse, thus the air-flow of heat pump in the hothouse carries out work as thermal source.
This heat pump 2 is namely determined the switching of described each air-valve and the start and stop of heat pump with the temperature signal of temperature sensor 5 and humidity sensor 6.Below will describe the mode of operation of this Analysis of Heat Pump Drying System in detail.
Before the Analysis of Heat Pump Drying System operation, the compressor 23 of heat pump 2, blower fan 211, blower fan 221 are in halted state, and each air-valve all is in closed condition.
When the indoor temperature that senses when temperature sensor 5 was lower than target range, illustrating needed in hothouse to heat up.As shown in Figure 3, this moment, temperature sensor 5 passed to controller (not shown) with signal, controller sends instruction and opens compressor 23, blower fan 221 and blower fan 211, opens simultaneously the first air-valve 41 and the second air-valve 42, keeps the 3rd air-valve 43 and the 4th air-valve 44 to be in closed condition.This moment outdoor air constantly to suck evaporimeter 22 dehumidified, heat pump fluid in evaporimeter 22 absorbs the heat in atmospheric environment and evaporates the gas that is become low-temp low-pressure by the liquid of low-temp low-pressure, after boosting, compressed machine 23 becomes the gas of HTHP, the heat pump fluid gas of HTHP is emitted the indoor circulated air of heat heat drying in condenser 21, self is condensed into liquid working medium, and the liquid that becomes low-temp low-pressure after choke valve 24 throttlings enters evaporimeter 22 beginnings circulation next time.Be conveyed to after the atmosphere temperature rising of hothouse 1 and add thermal material 71.
The indoor temperature that senses when temperature sensor 5 reaches the upper limit of goal-setting value, but the indoor humidity that humidity sensor 6 senses also the miss the mark setting value upper in limited time, illustrating needs steady temperature in hothouse.This moment, temperature sensor 5 passed to controller (not shown) with signal, and controller sends instruction close compressor 23, each blower fan, the 3rd air-valve 43 and the 4th air-valve 44, and keeps the first air-valve 41 and the second air-valve 42 to be in closed condition.This moment, the indoor circulation air constantly absorbed the moisture in material, and self humidity increases and temperature reduces.When the temperature that temperature sensor 5 senses is prescribed a time limit less than the lower of goal-setting value, this moment, temperature sensor 5 passed to signal again controller (not shown), controller sends instruction and opens compressor 23, each blower fan, the 3rd air-valve 43 and the 4th air-valve 44, keeps simultaneously the first air-valve 41 and the second air-valve 42 to be in closed condition.Heat pump 2 absorbs again heat and heats up for hothouse from outdoor environment, thereby the temperature in hothouse is maintained between the bound of goal-setting value scope all the time.
System is after operation a period of time, the indoor humidity that senses when humidity sensor 5 reaches the goal-setting value upper in limited time, illustrate that hothouse needs hydrofuge, this moment, humidity sensor 5 passed to controller (not shown) with signal, controller sends instruction and cuts out the 3rd air-valve (43) and the 4th air-valve 44, open the first air-valve 41 and the second air-valve 42, still keep compressor 23, each blower fan to be in opening, heat pump 2 is separated out the airborne moisture in hothouse 1 and then reach the effect of dehumidifying.The interior humid air stream of hothouse this moment is sent back to the interior heating of hothouse 1 again after evaporimeter 22 dehumidifying, be raised to again original temperature.What experienced in hothouse this moment is the process of a stable state dehumidifying.
In addition, above-mentioned Analysis of Heat Pump Drying System can also comprise following control program, such as, comprise also that when carrying out the dehumidifying step temperature of keeping hothouse 1 is higher than the lower limit of described target range, until the dehumidifying step is completed.Again such as, in carrying out described steady temperature step process, when hothouse 1 temperature that temperature sensor 5 detects lower than target range under in limited time, restart heating steps.Perhaps, as the temperature of hothouse 1 lower than in as described in target range lower in limited time, proceed the step that dehumidifies.Perhaps, in carrying out described dehumidifying step process, when hothouse 1 temperature that temperature sensor 5 detects lower than target range under in limited time, restart heating steps.
in sum, the single evaporator double heat source heat pump drying system that the present invention proposes is by reasonable Arrangement heat pump and pipeline structure, adopt an evaporimeter just can realize heating up in dry run, steady temperature and three kinds of patterns of stable state dehumidifying, installation and control with the double heat source heat pump working medium circulation pipe-line system of two evaporimeters have been simplified, the system that has avoided in the dry run the frequent switching due to above-mentioned three kinds of patterns to cause is unstable, be conducive to the long-term stability operation of Analysis of Heat Pump Drying System, avoided simultaneously on the market existing homogeneous system to leak heat loss under dehumidification mode larger, can't reach the situation of high efficiente callback hydrofuge thermic load, therefore have energy-efficient characteristics.
Above invention has been described with reference to specific embodiment, but those skilled in the art can understand, under the prerequisite of the spirit or scope that do not deviate from basic conception of the present invention and operating principle, can carry out multiple modification and/or replacement to the invention as shown in specific embodiment, each specific embodiment or feature can also reconfigure.The present invention will comprise all described modification, replacement and combination.Therefore, should be understood that all specific embodiments described in the invention are all only for example but not limit the scope of the invention.
Claims (10)
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| CN114442703A (en) * | 2020-11-04 | 2022-05-06 | 中国科学院理化技术研究所 | Control method and control system of closed drying system |
| CN114508908A (en) * | 2022-01-10 | 2022-05-17 | 西安铁一院工程试验检测有限公司 | Soil sample drying device |
| CN114839035A (en) * | 2022-03-16 | 2022-08-02 | 中铁第一勘察设计院集团有限公司 | Large capacity low temperature soil drying cabinet |
| CN115325783A (en) * | 2022-07-20 | 2022-11-11 | 广西电网有限责任公司电力科学研究院 | Heat pump drying system for preserved fruits and control system thereof |
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Application publication date: 20130626 |