CN103168639B - Composite nutrient planting sand and manufacture method thereof - Google Patents
Composite nutrient planting sand and manufacture method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN103168639B CN103168639B CN201210127244.7A CN201210127244A CN103168639B CN 103168639 B CN103168639 B CN 103168639B CN 201210127244 A CN201210127244 A CN 201210127244A CN 103168639 B CN103168639 B CN 103168639B
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Abstract
The invention belongs to the field of sand planting, and particularly relates to composite nutrient planting sand which can be directly used for planting and has functions of water retention and fertilizer retention and a sand planting structure containing the composite nutrient planting sand. The planting sand comprises a porous sand ball, a microbe bacterium membrane and a nutrient membrane, wherein the microbe bacterium membrane and the nutrient membrane are sequentially wrapped outside the surface of the porous sand ball from inside to outside. The porous sand ball is in a porous structure formed by natural sand granules and adhesion agents at least containing hydrophilic adhesives in an adhesive mode, and a pore suitable for adsorption is formed between each two adjacent natural sand granules. According to the planting sand, the existing natural sand granules are adhered and form pores, nutrient fertilizer is effectively maintained by means of porous performance of the sand ball, accordingly the fertilizer and other nutrient substances which are suitable for plant growth can be loaded in pores and on surfaces through hanging membranes, the planting sand capable of supplying the fertilizer is formed, necessary fertilizer nutrients are provided for the plant growth and meanwhile fertilizer the occasion that the fertilizer runs off along with water loss is effectively avoided, and the utilization rate of the fertilizer is beneficially improved.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to sand field of planting, be specifically related to a kind of sand pattern of farming being directly used in the water conservation of plantation, the composite nutrient plantation sand of fertilizer conservation and containing this plantation sand.
Background technology
Desertization phenomenon is a kind of natural phenomena, is to cause some areas desertization because earth dry zone moves produced climatic variation.And along with the day by day severe of global climate and population increase fast, the soil brought excessively is developed and is cultivated, herding, causes global desertization process more and more faster, can plant arable land and day by day reduce, Agricultural production ability continuous decrease.Especially for such country of having a large population in a small area of China, growing desertization process cause agricultural and can planting soil minimizing and the negative effect brought is fatal.
Agricultural and can the minimizing day by day of planting soil, grain and crop yield is directly caused to decline, this is mainly due in current agriculture grain product and vegetables and fruits plant husbandry, main dependence be soil adhesion in and cohesion water conservation, fertilizer-preserving ability, the moisture and fertilizer that are applied to Plants are kept and plays effectiveness, the natural grains of sand after desertization then make it not have the ability of water conservation, fertilizer conservation because of surface is comparatively smooth and grains of sand adhesive capacity is each other poor, and cannot be used for the use of plantation.
At present, agronomists are for the improvement of desertization day by day, except being devoted to exploitation desert planting always, concentrating on and in desert, to carry out antiseepage or windproof process, weaken sandy soil migration, promote except the survival rate of desert, also be devoted to develop the plantation sand having water conservation, fertilizer conservation function that some can be applicable to daily agricultural planting, to expect that can improve agricultural soil reduces the predicament brought day by day on the one hand, also contributes to the utilization ratio improving the sand day by day gathered simultaneously.
Chinese patent CN102159667A discloses a kind of sand aggregate, described sand aggregate comprises by after organic waste or by product powder and edaphon mixing, and mix with sand and make edaphon be inoculated on sand, utilize the moisture of supply that edaphon is bred, utilize its mycelia that organic waste or by product powder and sand are condensed.When sand aggregate described in this invention supplies moisture to condense under the suitable state mixed the organic waste powder and sand that are mixed with edaphon, the phenomenon of sand with the wind can not only be prevented, can also nutrient be supplied, thus can steppification be carried out to sand ground or respectively be a farmer and trees at sandy cultivation.The organic waste powder be mixed in sand can play the effect of base manure and promote the growth of root system of plant, and the sand aggregate described in this patent also can additional fertilizer thus make sand ground continue fertilizer conservation in the plantation used time.
But for the process of sand in this invention, what adopt is general simple mixed processing, directly organic waste or by product powder and edaphon are mixed and be seeded on sand, the adhesion utilizing the cohesion of microorganism can realize between sand under having microorganism to exist, reduce the sandslide because Sand Movement causes, sand aggregate described in this invention is more be applied in desert planting to prevent the measure adopted of running off, and the performance of the preserve moisture and fertility that used time of daily plantation is needed, adhesion between microorganism then and inapplicable, and described sand without any pretreatment, can its smooth outer surface be applicable to microbial inoculant absorption and how adsorption capacity also remains to be discussed, therefore this sand aggregate be not suitable in daily plantation the use of the plantation taking sand as essentialspecies implant, therefore, significant limitation is still had for large-scale sand planting technology of promoting.
Summary of the invention
For this reason, technical problem to be solved by this invention is that in prior art, the natural grains of sand are not suitable for the problem of daily planting technology, so provide a kind of contribute to water conservation, fertilizer conservation, be applicable to daily plantation composite nutrient plantation sand.
For solving the problems of the technologies described above, composite nutrient of the present invention plantation sand comprises porous sand ball and from the Microbe membrane and the nutrient film that are coated on described porous sand ball surface outside interior successively, described porous sand ball is the sand ball with loose structure bondd with the binding agent at least including hydrophilic agglomerant by the natural grains of sand, forms the hole of suitable absorption between the adjacent described natural grains of sand.Described binding agent both can be all hydrophilic agglomerant can be also partly hydrophilic binding agent, other binding agent preferred resin type binding agents except hydrophilic agglomerant.
The described natural grains of sand are the identical or akin grains of sand of particle diameter.
The particle diameter of the described natural grains of sand is 40-70 order.
Hole between the adjacent described natural grains of sand is 50-300 μm.
The diameter of described sand ball is 0.1-2cm.
Described binding agent accounts for the 20-30% of the parts by weight of the described natural grains of sand.
Described hydrophilic agglomerant accounts for the 30-60% of binding agent total amount.
Described hydrophilic agglomerant is hydrophilic resin binding agent.
Described hydrophilic resin binding agent is one or more that side chain contains that hydrophilic carboxylic acid's salt, sulfonate, ammonium salt, hydroxyl or main chain contain in the epoxy resin of non-ionic hydrophilic segment, polyurethane and acrylic resin.
Concrete, the selection of described hydrophilic agglomerant can be selected with reference to content disclosed in Chinese patent literature CN1966861A.
Described Microbe membrane is the film that microorganism fungus kind is carried in the hole of described porous sand ball and outer surface is formed of appropriate target planting plants growth.
Described microorganism fungus kind comprises azotobacter and polyP bacteria.
Described nutrient film is the film that nutrient solution is carried in the hole of described porous sand ball and outer surface is formed being suitable for target plantation plant growth.
The thickness of described nutrient film is 10-200 μm.
Described target planting plants comprises using cauline leaf and root system as the plant of fruit.
The invention also discloses a kind of method preparing above-mentioned composite nutrient plantation sand, comprise the steps:
(1) prepare porous sand ball: undertaken mixing by selecting the natural grains of sand of appropriate particle size and selected binding agent after the screening of the natural grains of sand and make the two fully contact and bond to form sand ball, between the adjacent described natural grains of sand, formation is suitable for the hole adsorbed;
(2) Microbe membrane load: the microorganism fungus kind that the porous sand ball obtained in step (1) and appropriate target planting plants grow is mixed and makes the two fully contact, load of microorganisms is obtained form Microbe membrane in described sand ball surface and obtain load sand ball;
(3) nutrient solution is prepared: according to the nutrient solution component of the growth needs preparation appropriate target planting plants growth needs of target planting plants;
(4) nutrient film load: the load sand ball obtained in step (2) is immersed enrichment culture in the nutrient solution of preparation in step (3), obtains biofilm sand ball;
(5) the described biofilm sand ball obtained in step (4) is drying to obtain required plantation sand.
In described step (2), the weight part ratio of described porous sand ball and described microorganism fungus kind is 50-200:1.
In described step (4), the w/v of described load sand ball and described nutrient solution is 10-30g/L.
The invention also discloses a kind of sand pattern of farming: comprise planting container and be layed in the described composite nutrient plantation sand in described planting container;
Described planting container is bondd by waterproof and breathable particle and hydrophobicity binding agent and forms, formed between adjacent described waterproof and breathable particle gas molecule can through but the impervious hole of liquid water molecules.The aperture of described hole is 0.001-0.3 mm, preferred 0.01-0.2 mm.
The structure of described planting container and preparation method and Material selec-tion are with the structure of Potted-plant container disclosed in Chinese patent CN202043482U, method and material.
Described waterproof and breathable particle comprise particles of aggregates and be coated on described particles of aggregates lyophobic dust.
Described lyophobic dust is the 1-8wt% of particles of aggregates.
Described aggregate is a kind of or wherein several mixture in quartz sand, slag, haydite or glass microballoon; The particle diameter of described aggregate is 0.04-0.85 mm.
Described lyophobic dust is the hydrophobic resin film be coated on described particles of aggregates, and described hydrophobic resin film is by one or more films formed in hydrophobicity epoxy resin, phenolic resins, polyurethane resin and silicones.
Described hydrophobic binder is a kind of or wherein several mixture in fluorine-containing epoxy resin binding agent, siliceous epoxy adhesive, silicone sealants, polyurethane, alkyd resin and phenolic resins.
Described lyophobic dust is hydrophobic resin film, and described hydrophobic resin film is by one or more films formed in hydrophobicity epoxy resin, phenolic resins, polyurethane resin and silicones.Preferably, described hydrophobicity epoxy resin is glycidyl ether type epoxy resin, glycidyl ester epoxy resin, glycidyl amine epoxy resin, linear aliphatic based epoxy resin, alicyclic based epoxy resin, polysulfide-rubber-modified epoxy, polyamide modified epoxy, the tertiary butyraldehyde modified epoxy of polyvinyl alcohol, acrylonitrile butadiene rubber modified epoxy resin, phenolic resin modified epoxy resin, mylar modified epoxy, urine aldehyde melmac modified epoxy, furfural resin modified epoxy, vinyl modified epoxy, one or more in isocyanate modified epoxy resin or silicone-modified epoxy resin, described hydrophobicity phenolic resins is one or more in dimethylbenzene phenol-formaldehyde resin modified, epoxy modified phenolic or Effect of Organosilicon-modified Phenol-formaldehyde Resin.
Further, hydrophobic resin as previously discussed can be obtained by following method modification, and concrete method of modifying is:
By epoxy resin, as phthalic anhydride or maleic anhydride, with oil-soluble monomer copolymerization, described oil-soluble monomer is: alkyl acrylate, alkyl methacrylate, ethylacrylic acid, vinylacetate, allyl acetate, sodium vinyl sulfonate, methyl vinyl ether, methallyl ether, dimethylaminoethyl methacrylate, dimethylaminoethyl acrylate, acrylate propyl ester, acrylic acid lignocaine propyl ester, acrylate butyl ester, dimethylaminoethyl methacrylate, any one in diethylaminoethyl methacrylate.
Or, also by epoxy resin graft modification, graft polymers can be formed; By the hydrophilic radical of epoxy resin, as hydroxyl, react with hydrophobic function monomer, connect; Hydrophobic function monomer is: benzaldehyde, and alkylbenzaldehyde (a large class), utilizes the reaction of hydroxyl and aldehyde radical.
Or, also epoxy resin can be carried out substitution reaction, under the catalytic reaction of illumination, participate in substitution reaction with chlorine, halogen be received above epoxy resin, to improve hydrophobic performance.
In addition, can add in described hydrophobic resin film and have curing agent, and add different curing agent for different resins, wherein, the selection of curing agent is specific as follows:
For glycidyl ether type epoxy resin, glycidyl ester epoxy resin, glycidyl amine epoxy resin, linear aliphatic based epoxy resin, alicyclic based epoxy resin, polysulfide-rubber-modified epoxy, polyamide modified epoxy, the tertiary butyraldehyde modified epoxy of polyvinyl alcohol, acrylonitrile butadiene rubber modified epoxy resin, phenolic resin modified epoxy resin, mylar modified epoxy, urine aldehyde melmac modified epoxy, furfural resin modified epoxy, vinyl modified epoxy, isocyanate modified epoxy resin or silicone-modified epoxy resin, preferably curing agent is fatty amine, aliphatic cyclic amine, aromatic amine, polyamide, acid anhydrides, any one or several in tertiary amine,
For dimethylbenzene phenol-formaldehyde resin modified, epoxy modified phenolic or Effect of Organosilicon-modified Phenol-formaldehyde Resin, preferably curing agent is hexamethylenetetramine;
For organic siliconresin, preferably curing agent is dibutyl tin dilaurate or any one or several in tetramethyl guanidinesalt of N, N, N', N' mono-;
For hydrophobic polyurethane resin, its curing agent is the addition product of toluene di-isocyanate(TDI) TDI and Trimethoprim TMP, the tripolymer of the prepolymer of TDI and hydroxyl component and the agent of one-component moisture solidification, TDI.
For unsaturated polyester (UP) (polymer of terephthalic acid (TPA) and ethylene glycol), the curing agent added during normal temperature is ketone peroxide and cobalt naphthenate; The curing agent added during heating is one or more in peroxidized t-butyl perbenzoate, peroxy dicarbonate, dialkyl peroxide, the tertiary own ester of peroxidation acid and bis peroxy dicarbonate.
Further, described lyophobic dust can also be in polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE), vegetable oil, copper silicon, siloxanes, hydrocarbon and combined polymerization Vingon any one or its combination.Preferably, described hydrocarbon comprise in paraffin, kerosene, diesel oil, crude oil, petroleum distillate, solvent naphtha and aliphatic solvents any one or its combination.
Wherein, the method for described hydrophobic material on described particles of aggregates for being coated on described particles of aggregates, and being spraying, flooding or soaking particles of aggregates in the liquid solution of lyophobic dust with chemistry coating particles of aggregates by described lyophobic dust; Or for the thin-film sheet of using hydrophobic material is coated in particles of aggregates; Or for be positioned in lyophobic dust by the particles of aggregates of heating, melting lyophobic dust is to particles of aggregates; Or for the mode of plating, plasma spraying, sputtering, fluidisation and powder coated by hydrophobic material on particles of aggregates.
The present invention discloses a kind of method preparing described planting container simultaneously, comprises the following steps:
A. pour agitator into after being mixed with hydrophobic binder by particles of aggregates to stir;
B. the particles of aggregates of coated hydrophobic binder is poured into potted plant mould;
C. the curing molding demoulding can obtain described planting container.
Preferably, described particles of aggregates is coated with lyophobic dust.
The condition of the curing molding described in described step c places 1-48 hour at 5-120 DEG C, is preferably and places 2-4 hour at normal temperatures.
Technique scheme of the present invention has the following advantages compared to existing technology:
1, plantation sand of the present invention utilizes existing natural sand to complete piercing procedure through the bonding of hydrophilic agglomerant, make the hole of 50-300 μm formed between the adjacent natural grains of sand, being suitable for and contributing to extraneous beneficiating ingredient is carried in the hole on sand ball surface, the porous performance of sand ball is utilized effectively to keep nutritious fertilizer, therefore can be carried in described hole and surface by biofilm by being suitable for the nutriment such as fertilizer that plant growth is especially suitable for needed for target plantation plant growth, formation can supply the plantation sand of fertilizer, be not only the fertilizer nutrient that plant growth provides required, effectively prevent the situation that fertilizer loses with water loss simultaneously, contribute to the availability increasing fertilizer,
2, being difficult to preserve moisture and fertility in existing resource, be difficult to the natural grains of sand of plant utilization and carry out activation pore-creating and nutrient film load process, make the natural grains of sand may be used for the use of daily plantation, contribute to alleviating that day by day serious desertization causes can reduce the proportion of crop planting difficulty brought by planting soil;
3, plantation sand load of the present invention has the nutrient component favourable to plant growth, can directly as Fertilizer application, also can as after fertilizer loss to the supply Fertilizer application of plant growth, plantation sand of the present invention is made to carry out crop cultivation, the fertilizer conservation time lengthening of fertilizer, effective rate of utilization improves, and ensures that plant well grows;
4, plantation sand of the present invention load simultaneously has the favourable microorganism fungus kind film of plant growth and nutrient component film, make use of microorganism fungus kind to the decomposition of nutriment and fermenting property simultaneously, plantation sand of the present invention is made to carry out crop cultivation, the absorbent properties of fertilizer are better, the fertilizer conservation time lengthening of fertilizer, effective rate of utilization improves, and is of value to the growth of plant;
5, the Microbe membrane on described plantation sand space and surface is carried on, utilize microorganism adhesive attraction each other and microorganism self to the absorption of nutrient solution and enrichment, make to strengthen the adsorption capacity of nutrient film, also contribute to the biofilm of nutrient solution, contribute to the load of nutrient component;
6, plantation sand of the present invention selects the identical or akin grains of sand of particle diameter to carry out bonding pore-creating, is conducive to obtaining the uniform sand ball in space, the nutrient component of described plantation sand is uniformly distributed, is conducive to plant growth;
7, select hydrophilic resin binding agent to carry out pore-creating process to the described natural grains of sand, be of value to infiltration and the absorption property of nutrient component;
8, screening obtains the 20-30% that described binding agent accounts for the described natural grains of sand, and make the hole formed between the natural grains of sand after binding agent bonding to reach 50-300 μm, the load being suitable for additional fertilizer is run off to avoid it;
9, composite nutrient of the present invention plantation sand is coated on sand ball surface with membranaceous, and it is convenient to preserve, and without liquid fertilizer pollution in use and peculiar smell trouble, is particularly applicable to the use of family planting;
10, porous plantation sand of the present invention is used in combination with the planting container with waterproof and breathable performance, utilize the Anti-seepage air-permeable performance of described planting container, avoid the problem that general planting container fertilizer runs off from bottom hole with moisture on the one hand, make the fertilizer conservation performance of described pattern of farming more superior, also utilize the ventilation demand that the good permeability of planting container ensures plant growth simultaneously.
Accompanying drawing explanation
In order to make content of the present invention be more likely to be clearly understood, below according to a particular embodiment of the invention and by reference to the accompanying drawings, the present invention is further detailed explanation, wherein
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of sand pattern of farming of the present invention.
In figure, Reference numeral is expressed as: 1-planting container, and 2-kind plants sand.
Embodiment
Embodiment 1
Plantation sand described in the present embodiment is directed to the use of leaf type plant plantation.
Plantation sand described in the present embodiment comprises porous sand ball and from the Microbe membrane and the nutrient film that are coated on described porous sand ball surface outside interior successively, described porous plantation sand is be the sand ball of the loose structure that the natural grains of sand of 70-100 object and bisphenol-A epoxy resin and hydrophilic matrix tablets bond by particle diameter, the diameter of described porous plantation sand is 1-2cm, forms the hole of 150-300 μm between the adjacent described natural grains of sand.Described Microbe membrane is the film that azotobacter are carried in the hole of described porous sand ball and outer surface is formed.Described nutrient film is the nutrient film that nutrient solution is carried in the hole of described porous sand ball and outer surface is formed of suitable leaf type plant growth, and the thickness of the described nutrient film of formation is 10-200 μm.
Preserve moisture and fertility plantation sand described in the present embodiment prepares by the following method:
(1) porous sand ball is prepared: sieved by the natural grains of sand, choose the grains of sand 100Kg of 70-100 order particle diameter, bisphenol-A epoxy resin 21Kg and Hydrophilic epoxy resin binder 9Kg, mix and realize the sand ball that bonding formation diameter is 1-2cm, the hole forming 150-300 μm between the adjacent described natural grains of sand is for subsequent use;
(2) Microbe membrane load: get the porous sand ball that obtains in 50g step (1) and 1g azotobacter strain-rhizobium Rhizobium and mix and make the two fully contact, load of microorganisms is obtained form Microbe membrane in described sand ball surface and obtain load sand ball;
(3) nutrient solution is prepared: get KH
2pO
40.2g, K
2hPO
40.8g, MgSO
4.7H
2o 0.2g, CaSO
4.2H
2o 0.1g, Na
2moO
4.2H
2o trace, and yeast extract 0.5g, mannitol 20g, FeCl
3trace, agar 15g, is dissolved in 1000ml distilled water, adjust pH7.2, high-temperature sterilization 30min, obtain suitable leaf type plant plantation nutrient solution component;
(4) nutrient component load: get the load sand ball obtained in 10g step (2) and immerse enrichment culture in the nutrient solution of preparation in step (3), obtain biofilm sand ball;
(5) the described biofilm sand ball obtained in step (4) is dry and sieve and obtain required plantation sand, collect the remaining nutrient solution not forming biofilm for subsequent use simultaneously.
Get the flowerpot that water seepage hole is contained in bottom common in prior art, the nutrient planting sand that laid inside has the present embodiment to prepare, plantation Chinese cabbage seedling, and the remaining nutrient solution pouring not forming biofilm of collecting in step (5) is supplied plant growth to flowerpot, and observation of plant growing state collects the composition oozed out bottom flowerpot simultaneously at any time.
Embodiment 2
As shown in Figure 1, the sand pattern of farming described in the present embodiment comprises planting container and is layed in the composite nutrient plantation sand in described planting container.Described composite nutrient plantation sand is with the nutrient planting sand described in embodiment 1, and described planting container is with the structure of the Potted-plant container described in embodiment 3 in Chinese patent CN202043482U and material.
Nutrient solution involved in the present embodiment is identical with the described nutrient solution prepared in step (3) in embodiment 1, described in described planting plants and embodiment 1, planting plants Chinese cabbage seedling is the seedling transplanted the same period, Chinese cabbage seedling is planted in the planting container of the sand pattern of farming described in the present embodiment, and growing state observed by the nutrient solution of pouring preparation.
Embodiment 3
The present embodiment select nutrient component, composite nutrient plantation sand and Chinese cabbage seedling in the same manner as in Example 1, its difference is only that described seedling planted by the fluid-tight container adopting bottom not to be provided with water seepage hole, and observes its growing state.
Embodiment 4
Plantation sand described in the present embodiment is directed to the use that tomato, potato etc. need the fruit class planting of a large amount of phosphate fertilizer.
Plantation sand described in the present embodiment comprises porous sand ball and from the Microbe membrane and the nutrient film that are coated on described porous sand ball surface outside interior successively, described porous plantation sand is be the sand ball of the loose structure that the acrylic resin of the natural grains of sand of 40-70 object and hydroxyl and hydrophilic polyurethane resin bond by particle diameter, the diameter of described plantation sand is 0.1-1cm, forms the hole of 50-150 μm between the adjacent described natural grains of sand.Described Microbe membrane is the film that polyP bacteria is carried in the hole of described porous sand ball and outer surface is formed.Described nutrient film is the nutrient film that the nutrient solution of suitable fruit class plant growth is carried in the hole of described porous sand ball and outer surface is formed, and the thickness of the described nutrient film of formation is 100-200 μm.
Preserve moisture and fertility plantation sand described in the present embodiment prepares by the following method:
(1) porous sand ball is prepared: sieved by the natural grains of sand, choose the natural grains of sand 100Kg of 40-70 order particle diameter, the acrylic resin 8Kg of hydroxyl and hydrophilic polyurethane resin 12Kg, mix and realize the sand ball that bonding formation diameter is 0.1-1cm, the hole forming 50-150 μm between the adjacent described natural grains of sand is for subsequent use;
(2) Microbe membrane load: get the porous sand ball that obtains in 200g step (1) and 1g polyP bacteria-strain Vickers RAO and mix and make the two fully contact, load of microorganisms is obtained form Microbe membrane in described sand ball surface and obtain load sand ball;
(3) nutrient solution is prepared: get KH
2pO
40.2g, K
2hPO
40.8g, MgSO
4.7H
2o 0.2g, CaSO
4.2H
2o 0.1g, Na
2moO
4.2H
2o trace, and yeast extract 0.5g, mannitol 20g, FeCl
3trace, agar 15g, is dissolved in 1000ml distilled water, adjusts pH7.2, high-temperature sterilization 30min, must be suitable for for subsequent use with required nutrient solution component of fruit class planting;
(4) nutrient component load: get the load sand ball obtained in 30g step (2) and immerse enrichment culture in the nutrient solution of preparation in step (3), obtain biofilm sand ball;
(5) the described biofilm sand ball natural air drying obtained in step (4) is namely obtained required plantation sand, collect the remaining nutrient solution not forming biofilm for subsequent use simultaneously.
Get the flowerpot that water seepage hole is contained in bottom common in prior art, the nutrient planting sand that laid inside has the present embodiment to prepare, plantation tomato plants, and the remaining nutrient solution pouring not forming biofilm of collecting in step (5) is supplied plant growth to flowerpot, and observation of plant growing state collects the composition oozed out bottom flowerpot simultaneously at any time.
Embodiment 5
As shown in Figure 1, the sand pattern of farming described in the present embodiment comprises planting container and is layed in the composite nutrient plantation sand in described planting container.Described composite nutrient plantation sand is with the nutrient planting sand described in embodiment 4, and described planting container is with the structure of the Potted-plant container described in embodiment 4 in Chinese patent CN202043482U and material.
Nutrient solution involved in the present embodiment is identical with the described nutrient solution prepared in step (3) in embodiment 4, described in described planting plants and embodiment 4, planting plants tomato plants is the seedling transplanted the same period, tomato plants is planted in the planting container of the sand pattern of farming described in the present embodiment, and growing state observed by the nutrient solution of pouring preparation.
Embodiment 6
Nutrient component, nutrient planting sand and tomato plants that the present embodiment is selected are in the same manner as in Example 4, and its difference is only that described seedling planted by the fluid-tight container adopting bottom not to be provided with water seepage hole, and observes its growing state.
Comparative example 1
This comparative example for planting medium, and prepares nutrient solution involved in embodiment 1 with normal flower pot of the prior art and common planting soil, and described planting plants is also the seedling transplanted the same period with the Chinese cabbage seedling described in embodiment 1.Chinese cabbage seedling is planted in soil, and the composition collected simultaneously and ooze out bottom flowerpot observed by the nutrient solution that pouring is prepared.
Comparative example 2
This comparative example for planting medium, and prepares nutrient solution involved in embodiment 2 with normal flower pot of the prior art and common planting soil, and described planting plants is also the seedling transplanted the same period with the tomato plants described in embodiment 2.Tomato plants is planted in soil, and the composition collected simultaneously and ooze out bottom flowerpot observed by the nutrient solution that pouring is prepared.
Cultivate after 15 days, soil specimen in the planting container of Example 1-3 and comparative example 1, and cleared up for liquid sample, TOC-TN analyzer is adopted to detect nitrogen content remaining in it, measure the growing state of plant seedlings in each container simultaneously, detect the residual components oozing out the liquid of flowerpot outside that each embodiment is collected, comparing result sees the following form simultaneously.
| Sequence number | Nitrogen content (g/L) in container | Ooze out composition nitrogen content (g/L) | Plant plant height (cm) |
| Embodiment 1 | 44.68 | 8.83 | 19 |
| Embodiment 2 | 43.12 | 0 | 24 |
| Comparative example 3 | 55.76 | 0 | 12 |
| Comparative example 1 | 48.75 | 20.20 | 15 |
Cultivate after 15 days, soil specimen in the planting container of Example 4-6 and comparative example 2, and cleared up for liquid sample, ion chromatography instrument is adopted to detect phosphorus content remaining in it, measure the growing state of plant seedlings in each container simultaneously, detect the residual components oozing out the liquid of flowerpot outside that each embodiment is collected, comparing result sees the following form simultaneously.
| Sequence number | Phosphorus content (g/L) in container | Ooze out composition phosphorus content (g/L) | Fruit plant height (cm) |
| Embodiment 4 | 50.13 | 9.60 | 11.5 |
| Embodiment 5 | 50.09 | 0 | 14 |
| Embodiment 6 | 62.22 | 0 | 7 |
| Comparative example 2 | 55.23 | 19.86 | 8.5 |
As can be seen from embodiment 1 and comparative example 1 and embodiment 4 and comparative example 2 data, when using identical existing planting container plantation, nutrient planting sand facies of the present invention are for existing soil plantation, the performance of its fertilizer conservation quite even increases, plant growth situation is also slightly good, prove that nutrient planting sand of the present invention has at least suitable with soil ability for plantation fertilizer conservation, be conducive to plant growth, and the total amount of the fertilizer of plant absorption increases, illustrate that the nutrient planting sand that with the addition of microorganism contributes to the decomposition absorption of fertilizer, be conducive to plant growth, as can be seen from the correction data in embodiment 2 and embodiment 3 and embodiment 5 and embodiment 6, using thoroughly container as the use of plantation and fertilizer without when running off, the plant growth performance using planting container of the present invention to plant promotes more, fertilizer amount consumption simultaneously in container also exceeds a lot, visible permeability is to the importance of plant growth, illustrate that the planting container with good permeability of the present invention contributes to the growth of plant, and the fertilizer total amount of plant consumption increases, again illustrate that the decomposition of microbial film to fertilizer contributes to the growth of plant absorption fertilizer.
Obviously, above-described embodiment is only for clearly example being described, and the restriction not to embodiment.For those of ordinary skill in the field, can also make other changes in different forms on the basis of the above description.Here exhaustive without the need to also giving all embodiments.And thus the apparent change of extending out or variation be still among the protection domain of the invention.
Claims (13)
1. a composite nutrient plantation sand, is characterized in that:
Described plantation sand comprises porous sand ball and from the Microbe membrane and the nutrient film that are coated on described porous sand ball surface outside interior successively, described porous sand ball is the sand ball with loose structure bondd with the binding agent at least including hydrophilic agglomerant by the natural grains of sand, forms the hole of suitable absorption between the adjacent described natural grains of sand;
Described binding agent accounts for the 20-30% of the parts by weight of the described natural grains of sand;
Described hydrophilic agglomerant accounts for the 30-60% of binding agent total amount;
Described hydrophilic agglomerant is hydrophilic resin binding agent;
Described hydrophilic resin binding agent is one or more that side chain contains that hydrophilic carboxylic acid's salt, sulfonate, ammonium salt, hydroxyl or main chain contain in the epoxy resin of non-ionic hydrophilic segment, polyurethane and acrylic resin.
2. composite nutrient plantation sand according to claim 1, is characterized in that:
The described natural grains of sand are the identical or akin grains of sand of particle diameter.
3. composite nutrient plantation sand according to claim 1 and 2, is characterized in that:
The particle diameter of the described natural grains of sand is 40-70 order.
4. composite nutrient plantation sand according to claim 3, is characterized in that:
Hole between the adjacent described natural grains of sand is 50-300 μm.
5. composite nutrient plantation sand according to claim 4, is characterized in that:
The diameter of described sand ball is 0.1-2cm.
6. the composite nutrient plantation sand according to claim 1 or 2 or 4 or 5, is characterized in that:
Described Microbe membrane is the film that microorganism fungus kind is carried in the hole of described porous sand ball and outer surface is formed of appropriate target planting plants growth.
7. composite nutrient plantation sand according to claim 6, is characterized in that:
Described microorganism fungus kind comprises azotobacter and polyP bacteria.
8., according to claim 1 or 2 or 4 or 5 or 7 arbitrary described composite nutrient plantation sand, it is characterized in that:
Described nutrient film is the film that nutrient solution is carried in the hole of described porous sand ball and outer surface is formed of appropriate target planting plants growth.
9. composite nutrient plantation sand according to claim 8, is characterized in that:
The thickness of described nutrient film is 10-200 μm.
10. composite nutrient plantation sand according to claim 9, is characterized in that:
Described target planting plants comprises using cauline leaf and root system as the plant of fruit.
Prepare the method that the arbitrary described composite nutrient of claim 1-10 plants sand, it is characterized in that, comprise the steps: for 11. 1 kinds
(1) prepare porous sand ball: undertaken mixing by selecting the natural grains of sand of appropriate particle size and selected binding agent after the screening of the natural grains of sand and make the two fully contact and bond to form sand ball, between the adjacent described natural grains of sand, formation is suitable for the hole adsorbed;
(2) Microbe membrane load: the microorganism fungus kind that the porous sand ball obtained in step (1) and appropriate target planting plants grow is mixed and makes the two fully contact, load of microorganisms is obtained form Microbe membrane in described sand ball surface and obtain load sand ball;
(3) nutrient solution is prepared: according to the nutrient solution component of the growth needs preparation appropriate target planting plants growth needs of target planting plants;
(4) nutrient film load: the load sand ball obtained in step (2) is immersed enrichment culture in the nutrient solution of preparation in step (3), obtains biofilm sand ball;
(5) required plantation sand is obtained by dry for the described biofilm sand ball obtained in step (4).
12. methods preparing composite nutrient plantation sand according to claim 11, is characterized in that:
In described step (2), the weight part ratio of described porous sand ball and described microorganism fungus kind is 50-200:1.
13. according to claim 11 or 12 prepare composite nutrient plantation sand method, it is characterized in that:
In described step (4), the w/v of described load sand ball and described nutrient solution is 10-30g/L.
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| CN201210127244.7A CN103168639B (en) | 2012-04-27 | 2012-04-27 | Composite nutrient planting sand and manufacture method thereof |
| PCT/CN2013/074828 WO2013159739A1 (en) | 2012-04-27 | 2013-04-26 | Porous planting sand, nutrient planting sand, composite planting sand and sand planting structure |
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| CN201210127244.7A CN103168639B (en) | 2012-04-27 | 2012-04-27 | Composite nutrient planting sand and manufacture method thereof |
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| CN103168639B true CN103168639B (en) | 2015-07-15 |
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| CN103755303B (en) * | 2013-12-31 | 2016-01-13 | 北京仁创三会农业科技有限公司 | Ventilation anti-seepage sand and apply the sand base planting groove of this ventilation anti-seepage sand |
| CN103803853B (en) * | 2013-12-31 | 2015-10-28 | 北京仁创三会农业科技有限公司 | The preparation method of sand base planting groove |
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| DE102005021221A1 (en) * | 2005-05-07 | 2006-11-09 | Geohumus International Gmbh & Co. Kg | Superabsorber with inorganic and organic ballast and additives |
| CN101395997A (en) * | 2007-09-28 | 2009-04-01 | 梁玉祥 | Biology soil-moisture conservation planting bag |
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