CN103153906A - 聚环氧丙烷或环氧乙烷/环氧丙烷共聚物作为粘合剂和抹面砂浆中的助粘添加剂的用途 - Google Patents
聚环氧丙烷或环氧乙烷/环氧丙烷共聚物作为粘合剂和抹面砂浆中的助粘添加剂的用途 Download PDFInfo
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- CN103153906A CN103153906A CN2011800479824A CN201180047982A CN103153906A CN 103153906 A CN103153906 A CN 103153906A CN 2011800479824 A CN2011800479824 A CN 2011800479824A CN 201180047982 A CN201180047982 A CN 201180047982A CN 103153906 A CN103153906 A CN 103153906A
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- vinyl
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- propylene oxide
- multipolymer
- cement
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- HFHDHCJBZVLPGP-UHFFFAOYSA-N schardinger α-dextrin Chemical compound O1C(C(C2O)O)C(CO)OC2OC(C(C2O)O)C(CO)OC2OC(C(C2O)O)C(CO)OC2OC(C(O)C2O)C(CO)OC2OC(C(C2O)O)C(CO)OC2OC2C(O)C(O)C1OC2CO HFHDHCJBZVLPGP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 description 1
- CHQMHPLRPQMAMX-UHFFFAOYSA-L sodium persulfate Substances [Na+].[Na+].[O-]S(=O)(=O)OOS([O-])(=O)=O CHQMHPLRPQMAMX-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- GEHJYWRUCIMESM-UHFFFAOYSA-L sodium sulfite Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-]S([O-])=O GEHJYWRUCIMESM-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
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- 125000003011 styrenyl group Chemical group [H]\C(*)=C(/[H])C1=C([H])C([H])=C([H])C([H])=C1[H] 0.000 description 1
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- SJMYWORNLPSJQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N tert-butyl 2-methylprop-2-enoate Chemical compound CC(=C)C(=O)OC(C)(C)C SJMYWORNLPSJQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B24/00—Use of organic materials as active ingredients for mortars, concrete or artificial stone, e.g. plasticisers
- C04B24/24—Macromolecular compounds
- C04B24/28—Macromolecular compounds obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
- C04B24/32—Polyethers, e.g. alkylphenol polyglycolether
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B28/00—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements
- C04B28/02—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements containing hydraulic cements other than calcium sulfates
- C04B28/04—Portland cements
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B28/00—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements
- C04B28/02—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements containing hydraulic cements other than calcium sulfates
- C04B28/06—Aluminous cements
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B28/00—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements
- C04B28/02—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements containing hydraulic cements other than calcium sulfates
- C04B28/08—Slag cements
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B28/00—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements
- C04B28/02—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements containing hydraulic cements other than calcium sulfates
- C04B28/10—Lime cements or magnesium oxide cements
- C04B28/12—Hydraulic lime
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B28/00—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements
- C04B28/14—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements containing calcium sulfate cements
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B40/00—Processes, in general, for influencing or modifying the properties of mortars, concrete or artificial stone compositions, e.g. their setting or hardening ability
- C04B40/06—Inhibiting the setting, e.g. mortars of the deferred action type containing water in breakable containers ; Inhibiting the action of active ingredients
- C04B40/0608—Dry ready-made mixtures, e.g. mortars at which only water or a water solution has to be added before use
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2103/00—Function or property of ingredients for mortars, concrete or artificial stone
- C04B2103/0045—Polymers chosen for their physico-chemical characteristics
- C04B2103/0065—Polymers characterised by their glass transition temperature (Tg)
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2111/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone or mixtures to prepare them, characterised by specific function, property or use
- C04B2111/00474—Uses not provided for elsewhere in C04B2111/00
- C04B2111/00637—Uses not provided for elsewhere in C04B2111/00 as glue or binder for uniting building or structural materials
Abstract
本发明涉及聚环氧丙烷或环氧乙烷-环氧丙烷共聚物作为复合绝热系统的粘合剂和抹面砂浆中的助粘添加剂的用途。
Description
本发明涉及聚环氧丙烷或环氧乙烷-环氧丙烷共聚物作为复合绝热系统中的粘合剂和抹面砂浆中的助粘添加剂的用途。
为了生产复合绝热系统（CTIS），用粘结砂浆将隔热板，通常是由聚苯乙烯构成的硬质泡沫板固定在砖石上，而后在隔热板上施加抹面砂浆，通常在该层上加入纺织纤维织物或纤维，最后用抛光石膏或底灰覆盖复合系统。所述粘结砂浆和抹面砂浆的重要性能是新制砂浆的良好加工性以及，在固化的砂浆组合物中，高弹性和抗冲击性，良好的水蒸气渗透性，防水性，良好的对矿物基材的粘附力以及良好的对绝缘材料的粘附力，特别是对聚苯乙烯板。
为了设置最佳性能轮廓，用基于烯键式不饱和单体的热塑性聚合物对粘结砂浆和抹面砂浆所基于的配方进行改性。含有矿物粘合剂的干砂浆通常用基于上述热塑性聚合物的水可再分散聚合物粉末改性。该聚合物改性使得砂浆组合物达到上述要求。
然而，在特定气候条件下，在高环境湿度和热的情况下，上述砂浆组合物对聚苯乙烯基材的粘附力是不令人满意的。
在US2007/0256600A1中，为此使用磷酸单酯、二酯和三酯作为助粘剂。然而，这些添加剂的高昂价格是不利因素。
从EP0698586A1中已知了通过添加芳香聚醚改善对聚苯乙烯基材的粘附力。其缺点在于，使用所述化合物的生态问题已经出现。
因此，本发明的目的是改善粘结砂浆和抹面砂浆对聚苯乙烯表面的粘附力，并克服上述缺点。
通过使用聚环氧丙烷或环氧乙烷-环氧丙烷共聚物达到该目的。
从EP0573036B1中已知聚环氧丙烷（聚丙二醇）作为降低收缩添加剂。DE-A1935507提到聚丙二醇作为砂浆组合物或混凝土组合物的消泡剂。在WO01/04212A1中，酚醛缩合物和聚氧化亚烷基化合物的组合被用于改善水可再分散聚合物粉末的再分散性。
本发明提供使用聚环氧丙烷或环氧乙烷-环氧丙烷共聚物作为复合绝热系统的粘合剂和抹面砂浆中的助粘剂。
适合的通式为H-[OCH2CH2CH2]n-OH的聚环氧丙烷（聚丙二醇）通常是n=5-70的那些，其大约相应于400-4000g/mol的重均分子量。优选重均分子量为1000-4000g/mol，特别优选2000-4000g/mol的聚环氧丙烷。重均分子量为400-4000g/mol的含有环氧乙烷和环氧丙烷单体单元的共聚物（EO-PO共聚物）也是适合的。优选PO单元大于50mol%的EO-PO共聚物。
通常，为了改善粘附力，在每种情况下基于聚合物粉末c）的量，聚环氧丙烷或环氧乙烷-环氧丙烷共聚物的用量为0.05-5wt%，优选0.2-2wt%。
复合绝热系统的粘合剂和抹面砂浆通常作为干砂浆组合物的形式提供，并在施工现场与水混合。干砂浆组合物含有a）一种或多种无机粘合剂、b）一种或多种填料、c）一种或多种基于烯键式不饱和单体且玻璃转化温度Tg为-25℃～+25℃的聚合物的水可再分散聚合物粉末、以及任选存在的d）其它添加剂。
适合的无机粘合剂a）例如为水泥，特别是波特兰水泥、高铝水泥、火山灰水泥、矿渣水泥、镁氧水泥、磷酸盐水泥或高炉矿渣水泥，以及混合水泥、填料水泥、粉煤灰、微硅粉、石灰和石膏灰泥。优选使用波特兰水泥、高铝水泥和矿渣水泥以及混合水泥、填料水泥、石灰和石膏灰泥。通常，干砂浆组合物含有5-50wt%，优选10-30wt%的无机粘合剂，在各自情况下基于干砂浆组合物的总重量。
适合的填料b）的实例为石英砂、石英粉、碳酸钙、白云石、硅酸铝、粘土、白垩、白熟石灰、滑石或云母，以及轻质填料，如浮石、发泡玻璃、加气混凝土、珍珠岩、蛭石、碳纳米管（CNT）。还可以使用所述的填料的任意混合物。优选石英砂、石英粉、碳酸钙、白垩或白熟石灰。通常，干砂浆组合物含有30-90wt%，优选40-80wt%的填料，在各自情况下基于干砂浆组合物的总重量。
用于干砂浆组合物中的其它传统添加剂d）是增稠剂，例如多糖如纤维素醚和改性纤维素醚、淀粉醚、瓜尔胶、黄原胶、页硅酸盐，聚羧酸如聚丙烯酸及其部分酯，以及可以任选缩醛化或疏水改性的聚乙烯醇，酪蛋白和缔合增稠剂。通常的添加剂还包括缓凝剂，如羟基羧酸或二羧酸或其盐、、糖类、草酸、琥珀酸、酒石酸、葡萄糖酸、柠檬酸、蔗糖、葡萄糖、果糖、山梨糖醇、季戊四醇。通常的添加剂是促凝剂，如无机或有机酸的碱金属或碱土金属盐。其它可提到的添加剂为：疏水剂、防腐剂、成膜剂、分散剂、泡沫稳定剂、消泡剂和阻燃剂（例如氢氧化铝）。
添加剂d）的通常用量取决于添加剂的类型。通常，其量为0.1-10wt%，在各种情况下基于干砂浆组合物的总重量。
水可再分散聚合物粉末c）是在保护性胶体存在下，通过干燥基础聚合物相应的水分散体得到的粉末组合物。由于该生产法，分散体的细粒树脂包裹在足够量的水溶性保护性胶体中。当干燥时，保护性胶体的作用类似壳，其防止颗粒粘结在一起。在水中再分散时，保护性胶体再次溶解在水中，得到原始聚合物颗粒的水分散体（Schulze J.in TIZ,No.9,1985）。
适合的烯键式不饱和单体的聚合物是基于一种或多种选自乙烯酯、（甲基）丙烯酸酯、乙烯基芳烃、烯烃、1,3-二烯和卤乙烯的单体和任选存在的其它可以与其共聚的单体的聚合物。
适合的乙烯酯是具有1-15个碳原子的羧酸的乙烯酯。优选乙酸乙烯酯、丙酸乙烯酯、丁酸乙烯酯、2-乙基己酸乙烯酯、月桂酸乙烯酯、1-甲基乙烯基乙酸酯、新戊酸乙烯酯和具有9-11个碳原子的α-支化单羧酸的乙烯酯例如VeoVa9R或VeoVa10R（Resolution的商品名）。特别优选乙酸乙烯酯。
选自丙烯酸酯或甲基丙烯酸酯的适合单体是具有1-15个碳原子的无支链或支链醇的酯。优选的甲基丙烯酸酯或丙烯酸酯是丙烯酸甲酯、甲基丙烯酸甲酯、丙烯酸乙酯、甲基丙烯酸乙酯、丙烯酸丙酯、甲基丙烯酸丙酯、丙烯酸正丁酯、甲基丙烯酸正丁酯、丙烯酸叔丁酯、甲基丙烯酸叔丁酯、丙烯酸2-乙基己酯。特别优选丙烯酸甲酯、甲基丙烯酸甲酯、丙烯酸正丁酯、丙烯酸叔丁酯和丙烯酸2-乙基己酯。
优选的乙烯基芳烃是苯乙烯、甲基苯乙烯和乙烯基甲苯。优选的卤乙烯是氯乙烯。优选的烯烃是乙烯、丙烯，以及优选的二烯是1,3-丁二烯和异戊二烯。
基于单体混合物的总重量，也可任选共聚0.1-5wt%的辅助单体。优选使用0.5-2.5wt%的辅助单体。辅助单体的实例为烯键式不饱和单羧酸和二羧酸，优选丙烯酸、甲基丙烯酸、富马酸和马来酸；烯键式不饱和酰胺和腈，优选丙烯酰胺和丙烯腈；富马酸和马来酸的单酯和二酯例如二乙酯和二异丙酯，以及马来酸酐；烯键式不饱和磺酸或其盐，优选乙烯基磺酸、2-丙烯酰氨基-2-甲基丙烷磺酸。其它实例是预交联共聚单体，如多烯键式不饱和共聚单体，例如邻苯二甲酸二烯丙酯、己二酸二乙烯酯、马来酸二烯丙酯、甲基丙烯酸烯丙酯或氰尿酸三烯丙酯；或后交联共聚单体，例如丙烯酰氨基乙醇酸（AGA）、甲基丙烯酰胺基乙醇酸甲酯（MMAG）、N-羟甲基丙烯酰胺（NMA）、N-羟甲基甲基丙烯酰胺、N-羟甲基氨基甲酸烯丙酯、N-羟甲基丙烯酰胺的烷基醚如异丁氧基醚或酯、N-羟甲基甲基丙烯酰胺的烷基醚如异丁氧基醚或酯和N-羟甲基氨基甲酸烯丙酯的烷基醚如异丁氧基醚或酯。环氧基官能共聚单体也是适合的，如甲基丙烯酸缩水甘油酯和丙烯酸缩水甘油酯。其它实例为硅官能共聚单体，如丙烯酰氧基丙基三（烷氧基）硅烷和甲基丙烯酰氧丙基三（烷氧基）硅烷、乙烯基三烷氧基硅烷和乙烯基甲基二烷氧基硅烷，其中，例如，乙氧基和乙氧基丙二醇醚基可以作为烷氧基存在。还可以提及具有羟基或CO基团的单体，例如甲基丙烯酸羟烷基酯和丙烯酸羟烷基酯，如丙烯酸或甲基丙烯酸的羟乙酯、羟丙酯或羟丁酯，以及化合物如双丙酮丙烯酰胺和丙烯酸或甲基丙烯酸的乙酰乙酰氧基乙基酯。
选择单体以及共聚单体的重量比，以使玻璃转化温度Tg为-25℃～+25℃，优选-10℃～+10℃，特别优选-10℃～0℃。聚合物的玻璃转化温度Tg可以通过差示扫描量热法（DSC）用已知的方式测定（曲线拐点的测定）。Tg也可以通过Fox方程式预先近似计算。依据Fox T.G.,Bull.Am.Physics Soc.1,3,123页(1956)：1/Tg=x1/Tg1+x2/Tg2+...+xn/Tgn，其中xn是单体n的质量分数（wt%/100）而Tgn是单体n的均聚物的以开尔文计的玻璃转化温度。在Polymer Handbook2nd Edition，J.Wiley & Sons,NewYork(1975)中给出了均聚物的Tg值。
优选乙酸乙烯酯与1-50wt%的乙烯的共聚物；
乙酸乙烯酯与1-50wt%的乙烯和1-50wt%的一种或多种选自在羧酸基中具有1-12个碳原子的乙烯酯例如丙酸乙烯酯、月桂酸乙烯酯、具有9-13个碳原子的α-支化羧酸的乙烯酯例如VeoVa9、VeoVa10、VeoVa11的其它单体的共聚物；
乙酸乙烯酯，1-50wt%的乙烯，和优选1-60wt%的具有1-15个碳原子的无支链或支链醇的（甲基）丙烯酸酯，特别是丙烯酸正丁酯或丙烯酸2-乙基己酯的共聚物；和
共聚物，其包含30-75wt%的乙酸乙烯酯，1-30wt%的月桂酸乙烯酯或具有9-11个碳原子的α-支化羧酸的乙烯酯，和1-30wt%的具有1-15个碳原子的无支链或支链醇的（甲基）丙烯酸酯，特别是丙烯酸正丁酯或丙烯酸2-乙基己酯，其另外含有1-40wt%的乙烯；
共聚物，其包含乙酸乙烯酯，1-50wt%的乙烯和1-60wt%的氯乙烯；其中这些聚合物还可以含有在各自情况下指示量的上述辅助单体，并且以wt%计的数字总计达到100wt%。
还优选（甲基）丙烯酸酯聚合物，如丙烯酸正丁酯或丙烯酸2-乙基己酯的共聚物，或甲基丙烯酸甲酯与丙烯酸正丁酯和/或2-乙基己酯的共聚物；
苯乙烯-丙烯酸酯共聚物，其具有一种或多种选自丙烯酸甲酯、丙烯酸乙酯、丙烯酸丙酯、丙烯酸正丁酯、丙烯酸2-乙基己酯的单体；
乙酸乙烯酯-丙烯酸酯共聚物，其具有一种或多种选自丙烯酸甲酯、丙烯酸乙酯、丙烯酸丙酯、丙烯酸正丁酯、丙烯酸2-乙基己酯和任选存在的乙烯的单体；
苯乙烯-1,3-丁二烯共聚物；
其中聚合物还可以含有在各自情况下指示量的上述辅助单体，并且以wt%计的数字总计达到100wt%。
最优选的是含有包含乙酸乙烯酯和5-50wt%的乙烯的共聚物的水可再分散粉末c），或
共聚物，其包含乙酸乙烯酯，1-50wt%的乙烯和1-50wt%的具有9-11个碳原子的α-支化单羧酸的乙烯酯，或
共聚物，其包含30-75wt%的乙酸乙烯酯，1-30wt%的月桂酸乙烯酯或具有9-11个碳原子的α-支化羧酸的乙烯酯，和1-30wt%的具有1-15个碳原子的无支链或支链醇的（甲基）丙烯酸酯，其还含有1-40wt%的乙烯，或
共聚物，其包含乙酸乙烯酯，5-50wt%的乙烯和1-60wt%的氯乙烯，其中这些聚合物还可以含有在各自情况下指示量的上述辅助单体，并且以wt%计的数字总计达到100wt%。
通过乳液聚合法或悬浮聚合法，优选通过乳液聚合法，在保护性胶体存在下制备聚合物，其中聚合温度通常为20℃-100℃，优选60℃-90℃，以及其中气态共聚单体如乙烯的的共聚合也可以在超大气压力下进行，通常在5巴-100巴下进行。通过通常用于乳液聚合或悬浮聚合的水溶性或单体可溶性引发剂或氧化还原引发剂组合引发聚合。水溶性引发剂的实例为过硫酸钠、过氧化氢、偶氮二异丁腈。单体可溶性引发剂的实例为过氧二碳酸二（十六烷基）酯、过氧化二碳酸二环己酯、过氧化二苯甲酰。所述的引发剂的通常用量为0.01-0.5wt%，基于单体的总重量。所用的氧化还原引发剂是所述引发剂与还原剂的组合。适合的还原剂例如为亚硫酸钠、羟基甲烷亚磺酸钠和抗坏血酸。还原剂的量优选为0.01-0.5wt%，基于单体的总重量。
为了控制分子量，在聚合期间可以使用调节物质。如果使用调节剂，其通常的用量为0.01-5.0wt%，基于要聚合的单体，并且单独引入或与反应组分预混合。这种物质的实例为正十二烷基硫醇、叔十二烷基硫醇、巯基丙酸、巯基丙酸甲酯、异丙醇和乙醛。优选不使用调节物质。
为了稳定聚合混合物，使用保护性胶体，任选与乳化剂组合。适合的保护性胶体是部分水解或全部水解的聚乙烯醇；聚乙烯吡咯烷酮；聚乙烯醇缩醛；水溶性多糖，例如淀粉（直链淀粉和支链淀粉）或糊精或环糊精、纤维素和其羧甲基、甲基、羟乙基、羟丙基衍生物；蛋白质，如酪蛋白或酪蛋白酸盐、大豆蛋白、明胶；木质素磺酸盐；合成聚合物，如聚（甲基）丙烯酸、（甲基）丙烯酸酯与羧基官能共聚单体单元的共聚物、聚（甲基）丙烯酰胺、聚乙烯磺酸和其水溶性共聚物；三聚氰胺-甲醛磺酸酯、萘-甲醛磺酸酯、苯乙烯-马来酸和乙烯醚-马来酸共聚物；阳离子保护性胶体，如具有包含季胺基的单体单元的聚合物。优选部分水解或完全水解的聚乙烯醇。特别优选水解度为80-95mol%，且在4%浓度水溶液中的
粘度为1-30mPas（
法，20℃，DIN53015）的部分水解的聚乙烯醇。
在聚合结束后，可以通过已知的方法进行后聚合，例如通过氧化还原催化剂引发的后聚合，以去除残留的单体。还可以通过蒸馏去除挥发性残留单体，优选在减压下并任选用惰性夹带气体如空气、氮气或蒸汽穿过或覆盖混合物。以该方式可以得到的水分散体的固含量为30-75wt%，优选50-60wt%。
为了产生水可再分散聚合物粉末，任选在添加其它保护性胶体作为干燥助剂之后，对分散体进行干燥，例如通过流化床干燥、冻干或喷雾干燥。对分散体优选进行喷雾干燥。喷雾干燥在常规喷雾干燥设备中进行，可以通过单流体、双流体或多流体喷嘴或通过旋盘实施雾化。依据设备、树脂的Tg和期望的干燥程度，通常选择的出口温度为45℃-120℃，优选60℃-90℃。通过固含量设定要被雾化的给料的粘度，以得到<500mPas，优选<250mPas的值（20rpm和23℃下的Brookfield粘度）。要雾化的分散体的固含量>35%，优选>40%。
通常，干燥助剂的用量总共为0.5-30wt%，基于分散体的聚合物成分，即在干燥操作前，基于聚合物组分，保护性胶体的总量应当为至少1-30wt%；优选基于聚合物组分使用5-20wt%。
适合的干燥助剂是本领域技术人员已知的，例如上述保护性胶体。特别优选水解度为80-95mol%，并且在4%浓度水溶液中的
粘度为1-30mPas（
法，20℃，DIN53015）的部分水解的聚乙烯醇。
在雾化中，基于基础聚合物，通常发现上至1.5wt%的消泡剂含量是有利的。为了通过改善粘连稳定性延长储存寿命，特别是对于具有低玻璃转化温度的粉末，得到的粉末可以与基于聚合物成分的总重量1-30wt%的抗粘连剂（抗结块剂）一起提供。抗粘连剂的实例为碳酸钙或碳酸镁、滑石、石膏、二氧化硅、高岭土如偏高岭土、粒径优选为10nm-10μm的硅酸盐。
聚环氧丙烷或环氧乙烷-环氧丙烷共聚物组分优选与水可再分散聚合物粉末组分一同添加到粘合剂或抹面砂浆的干砂浆配方中。为此，在通过聚合制备聚合物之前或期间，添加聚环氧丙烷或环氧乙烷-环氧丙烷共聚物组分。聚环氧丙烷或环氧乙烷-环氧丙烷共聚物组分还可以在喷雾干燥聚合物分散体之前添加。
通常在传统的提供干砂浆的粉末混合设备中，通过将组分a）-d），以及如果其未与聚合物粉末组分一起添加而任选存在的依据本发明的助粘添加剂，混合和均质化来生产干砂浆组合物。也可以将单独的组分a）-d），以及如果其未与聚合物粉末组分一起添加而任选存在的依据本发明的助粘添加剂，分别与水混合，提供即用型砂浆。
如果助粘添加剂在常规条件下为液体，那么其可以施加在固体载体材料，例如二氧化硅上，并以该形式添加到聚合物粉末或干砂浆组合物中。
在依据本发明的应用中，复合绝热系统的粘合剂和抹面砂浆优选用于聚苯乙烯板和石棉模具的粘合剂粘连和补强。
下面的实施例作为对本发明的举例说明：
在（对比）实施例1-4中，使用下列可再分散聚合物粉末：
分散粉末1：
基于Tg为-7℃的乙酸乙烯酯-乙烯共聚物以及聚乙烯醇保护性胶体和基于分散粉末1.0wt%的重均分子量为约430的聚丙二醇（PluriolR P400，产自BASF）的分散粉末。
分散粉末2：
基于Tg为-7℃的乙酸乙烯酯-乙烯共聚物以及聚乙烯醇保护性胶体和基于分散粉末1.0wt%的重均分子量为约2000的聚丙二醇（PluriolR P2000，产自BASF）的分散粉末。
分散粉末3：
基于Tg为-7℃的乙酸乙烯酯-乙烯共聚物以及聚乙烯醇保护性胶体的分散粉末。
分散粉末4：
基于Tg为-7℃的乙酸乙烯酯-乙烯共聚物以及聚乙烯醇保护性胶体和基于分散粉末1.0wt%的芳香聚醚的分散粉末。
为了生产（对比）实施例1-4中的即用型砂浆，表1中的成分在各自情况下以指示的量与表1中指示的量的水混合，得到即用型砂浆。
为了测试砂浆，在各自情况下将其作为抹面砂浆以4mm的层厚度施加在EPS（发泡聚苯乙烯）板上。
在抹面层固化以及储存测试样品后，依据DIN18555-6中的测试法对EPS板上的粘合剂扯离强度（pull strength）和拉扯（pull-out）进行测定。样品在两个不同条件下储存：
在23℃和50%相对湿度的标准条件（SC）下储存14天，
或者，在标准条件下储存12天，随后在水中23℃下储存2天。
测试结果总结在表1中。
结果显示，当使用依据本发明改性的砂浆（实施例1和2）时，对隔热板的粘附力显著改善，参见实施例1和2的粘合剂扯离强度和EPS拉扯与对比实施例3和4的对比。特别是，在水中储存后，粘附力仅有略微的弱化（实施例1，实施例2），而在对比实施例的情况下，粘附力，其在任何情况下已经很低，在水中储存后进一步显著恶化（参见EPS拉扯）。
表1：
Claims (8)
1.聚环氧丙烷或环氧乙烷-环氧丙烷共聚物作为复合绝热系统中的粘合剂和抹面砂浆中的助粘添加剂的用途。
2.依据权利要求1的用途，其特征在于，使用一种或多种重均分子量为400-4000g/mol的聚环氧丙烷。
3.依据权利要求1或2的用途，其特征在于，使用一种或多种含有环氧乙烷和环氧丙烷单体单元并且重均分子量为400-4000g/mol以及具有超过50mol%的PO单元的共聚物。
4.依据权利要求1-3之一的用途，其特征在于，以干砂浆组合物的形式使用所述聚环氧丙烷或环氧乙烷-环氧丙烷共聚物，所述干砂浆组合物含有a）一种或多种无机粘合剂、b）一种或多种填料、c）一种或多种基于烯键式不饱和单体且玻璃转化温度Tg为-25℃～+25℃的聚合物的水可再分散聚合物粉末、以及任选存在的d）其它添加剂。
5.依据权利要求4的用途，其特征在于，使用所述聚环氧丙烷或环氧乙烷-环氧丙烷共聚物作为干砂浆组合物中的组分c）的成分。
6.依据权利要求4或5的用途，其特征在于，一种或多种选自波特兰水泥、高铝水泥和矿渣水泥、混合水泥、填料水泥、水硬性石灰和石膏灰泥的无机粘合剂作为组分a）存在。
7.依据权利要求4-6之一的用途，其特征在于，一种或多种选自石英砂、石英粉、碳酸钙、白垩或白熟石灰的填料作为组分b）存在。
8.依据权利要求4-7之一的用途，其特征在于，一种或多种选自以下组的水可分散聚合物粉末作为组分c）存在：包含乙酸乙烯酯和5-50wt%的乙烯的共聚物；包含乙酸乙烯酯，1-50wt%的乙烯和1-50wt%的具有9-11个碳原子的α-支化单羧酸的乙烯酯的共聚物；包含30-75wt%的乙酸乙烯酯，1-30wt%的月桂酸乙烯酯或具有9-11个碳原子的α-支化羧酸的乙烯酯，和1-30wt%的具有1-15个碳原子的无支链或支链醇的（甲基）丙烯酸酯的共聚物，其还含有1-40wt%的乙烯；包含乙酸乙烯酯，5-50wt%的乙烯和1-60wt%的氯乙烯的共聚物，其中在各自情况下以wt%计的数字总计达到100wt%。
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| DE102010042003A DE102010042003A1 (de) | 2010-10-05 | 2010-10-05 | Verwendung von Polypropylenoxid oder Ethylenoxid-Propylenoxid-Mischpolymerisat als haftungsverbessernden Zusatz in Klebe- und Armierungsmörtel |
| DE102010042003.4 | 2010-10-05 | ||
| PCT/EP2011/066502 WO2012045591A1 (de) | 2010-10-05 | 2011-09-22 | Verwendung von polypropylenoxid oder ethylenoxid-propylenoxid-mischpolymerisat als haftungsverbessernden zusatz in klebe- und armierungsmörtel |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN107200502A (zh) * | 2017-05-23 | 2017-09-26 | 安徽砼宇特构科技有限公司 | 高强度混凝土添加剂及其制备方法和混凝土 |
| CN107298564A (zh) * | 2016-12-02 | 2017-10-27 | 徐州中联混凝土有限公司 | 一种水下不分散无收缩灌浆料 |
| CN112430319A (zh) * | 2020-11-27 | 2021-03-02 | 中国建材检验认证集团厦门宏业有限公司 | 一种水泥基材料降粘剂及其制备方法 |
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| CH462697A (fr) * | 1966-11-25 | 1968-09-15 | Chaux Et Ciments De La Suisse | Mortier hydraulique adhésif |
| DE4426873A1 (de) | 1994-07-29 | 1996-02-01 | Basf Ag | Mit Polymerisaten modifizierte mineralische Baustoffe, die wenigstens eine Verbindung zugesetzt enthalten |
| FR2796074A1 (fr) | 1999-07-07 | 2001-01-12 | Rhodia Chimie Sa | Poudres redispersables dans l'eau de polymeres filmogenes prepares a partir de monomeres a insaturation ethylenique et contenant des polyphenols |
| DE10351334A1 (de) * | 2003-10-31 | 2005-06-02 | Celanese Emulsions Gmbh | Redispergierbare Dispersionspulver für Wärmedämm-Verbundsysteme |
| DE10351259B4 (de) * | 2003-11-03 | 2006-01-12 | Quick-Mix Gruppe Gmbh & Co. Kg | Dickschichtputz |
| FR2862978B1 (fr) | 2003-12-01 | 2005-12-30 | Rhodia Chimie Sa | Nouvel agent promoteur d'adherence sur une surface d'isolant thermique et en particulier sur une surface de polystyrene, et son utilisation dans le domaine de la construction et plus particulierement dans les systemes d'isolation |
| BRPI0920996A2 (pt) * | 2008-11-25 | 2016-01-05 | Constr Res & Tech Gmbh | uso de polióis e derivados do ácido cico-hexanopolicarboxílico para remoção de pó de produtos químicos de construção. |
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|---|---|---|---|---|
| EP0573036A1 (de) * | 1992-06-04 | 1993-12-08 | Wacker-Chemie GmbH | Verwendung von Polypropylenglykol als Schwindmass-reduzierender Zusatz in Dispersionspulver-Zusammensetzungen für Baustoffe |
| CN101074154A (zh) * | 2006-05-18 | 2007-11-21 | 中国石油天然气集团公司 | 水下固结海堤用混凝土的抗分散剂 |
| CN1944832A (zh) * | 2006-10-19 | 2007-04-11 | 卢祥康 | 保温板及其制作方法 |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN107298564A (zh) * | 2016-12-02 | 2017-10-27 | 徐州中联混凝土有限公司 | 一种水下不分散无收缩灌浆料 |
| CN107200502A (zh) * | 2017-05-23 | 2017-09-26 | 安徽砼宇特构科技有限公司 | 高强度混凝土添加剂及其制备方法和混凝土 |
| CN112430319A (zh) * | 2020-11-27 | 2021-03-02 | 中国建材检验认证集团厦门宏业有限公司 | 一种水泥基材料降粘剂及其制备方法 |
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