CN101296878B - 包含脂肪酸酐的分散体粉末 - Google Patents
包含脂肪酸酐的分散体粉末 Download PDFInfo
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- CN101296878B CN101296878B CN2006800402840A CN200680040284A CN101296878B CN 101296878 B CN101296878 B CN 101296878B CN 2006800402840 A CN2006800402840 A CN 2006800402840A CN 200680040284 A CN200680040284 A CN 200680040284A CN 101296878 B CN101296878 B CN 101296878B
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Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09D—COATING COMPOSITIONS, e.g. PAINTS, VARNISHES OR LACQUERS; FILLING PASTES; CHEMICAL PAINT OR INK REMOVERS; INKS; CORRECTING FLUIDS; WOODSTAINS; PASTES OR SOLIDS FOR COLOURING OR PRINTING; USE OF MATERIALS THEREFOR
- C09D167/00—Coating compositions based on polyesters obtained by reactions forming a carboxylic ester link in the main chain; Coating compositions based on derivatives of such polymers
- C09D167/08—Polyesters modified with higher fatty oils or their acids, or with natural resins or resin acids
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B24/00—Use of organic materials as active ingredients for mortars, concrete or artificial stone, e.g. plasticisers
- C04B24/08—Fats; Fatty oils; Ester type waxes; Higher fatty acids, i.e. having at least seven carbon atoms in an unbroken chain bound to a carboxyl group; Oxidised oils or fats
- C04B24/085—Higher fatty acids
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
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- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B40/00—Processes, in general, for influencing or modifying the properties of mortars, concrete or artificial stone compositions, e.g. their setting or hardening ability
- C04B40/0028—Aspects relating to the mixing step of the mortar preparation
- C04B40/0039—Premixtures of ingredients
- C04B40/0042—Powdery mixtures
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- C04B2103/00—Function or property of ingredients for mortars, concrete or artificial stone
- C04B2103/0045—Polymers chosen for their physico-chemical characteristics
- C04B2103/0057—Polymers chosen for their physico-chemical characteristics added as redispersable powders
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- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
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- C04B2103/00—Function or property of ingredients for mortars, concrete or artificial stone
- C04B2103/60—Agents for protection against chemical, physical or biological attack
- C04B2103/65—Water proofers or repellants
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- C04B2111/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone or mixtures to prepare them, characterised by specific function, property or use
- C04B2111/00034—Physico-chemical characteristics of the mixtures
- C04B2111/00146—Sprayable or pumpable mixtures
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- C04B2111/00474—Uses not provided for elsewhere in C04B2111/00
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Abstract
本发明涉及可再分散于水中的聚合物粉末组合物，以聚合物粉末组合物的总重量计，该组合物包含0.1至70重量％的至少一种脂肪酸酐。本发明同样涉及在水凝体系中使用该粉末。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及可再分散于水中的聚合物粉末组合物，其包含脂肪酸酐，本发明还涉及该粉末在水凝体系中的应用。
背景技术
在许多应用中，例如用于各种基材的涂料组合物或粘合剂，使用基于乙烯基酯、氯乙烯、(甲基)丙烯酸酯单体、苯乙烯、丁二烯和乙烯的聚合物，特别是以其水性分散体的形式或可再分散于水中的聚合物粉末形式。为了疏水化(hydrophobicize)矿物组合物，这些分散体粉末通常包含脂肪酸酯和/或硅烷。
EP 1193287 A2涉及包含至少一种羧酸酯的粉末组合物用于疏水化建筑组合物(building composition)的应用。WO 02/30846 A1公开了用于疏水化的颗粒状材料，其包含脂肪酸或脂肪酸酯，如果需要还与有机聚硅氧烷组合，将其使用于载体颗粒。WO 2004/103928 A1中描述了包含脂肪酸或脂肪酸酯的可再分散于水中的疏水化添加剂。
当使用游离脂肪酸时，经常存在这样的危险，矿物组合物将过早地变硬且不再是可加工的。当使用脂肪酸的相应的碱金属或碱土金属盐时，存在同样的危险。为了避免这些问题，通常求助于使用脂肪酸酯。其通常是甲基酯或乙基酯或低分子量聚亚烷基二醇(例如乙二醇、二甘醇和相似化合物)的酯。在碱性条件下，所有这些化合物都水解，因此具有疏水化作用，但同时释放不所需的排放相关(emission-relevant)物质，例如甲醇、乙醇或乙二醇。
发明内容
因此，本发明的目标是研发一种可避免现有技术的缺点的分散体粉末。
本发明提供可再分散于水中的聚合物粉末组合物，以聚合物粉末组合物的总重量计，其包含0.1至70重量％的一种或多种脂肪酸酐。
合适的脂肪酸酐是支化或未支化、饱和或不饱和、分别具有8至22个碳原子的脂肪酸的酸酐。也可以使用上述脂肪酸的混合(不对称)酸酐。同样也可以使用上述脂肪酸与具有2至6个碳原子的羧酸(例如乙酸或丙酸)的混合酸酐。优选对称脂肪酸酐。特别优选分别具有10至18个碳原子的饱和或不饱和脂肪酸(例如月桂酸(正十二烷酸)、肉豆蔻酸(正十四烷酸)、棕榈酸(正十六烷酸)、硬脂酸(正十八烷酸)和油酸(9-十二碳烯酸))的对称脂肪酸酐。
通过本领域技术人员熟知的方法制备这些酸酐。优选的方法是酰基氯与酸的反应，并且将释放的盐酸排出。也可以通过两个脂肪酸分子与强无机酸的反应获得酸酐。如果在此使用两个不同的脂肪酸，可获得对称和不对称酸酐的混合物。
在一个优选的具体实施方案中，可再分散于水中的聚合物粉末组合物包含(分别以聚合物粉末组合物的总重量计)：
a)60至99.9重量％的一种或多种不溶于水的成膜基础聚合物(basepolymer)，其基于一种或多种单体的均聚物或共聚物，该单体选自具有1至15个碳原子的未支化或支化烷基羧酸的乙烯基酯、具有1至15个碳原子的醇的甲基丙烯酸酯或丙烯酸酯、乙烯基芳族化合物、烯烃、二烯或乙烯基卤化物，
b)0.1至30重量％的一种或多种脂肪酸酐，和
c)0至30重量％的一种或多种保护胶体。
特别优选包含0.1至10重量％，特别是1至5重量％的脂肪酸酐b)的聚合物粉末组合物。
适合于基础聚合物a)的乙烯基酯是具有1至15个碳原子的羧酸的乙烯基酯。优选的乙烯基酯是乙酸乙烯酯、丙酸乙烯酯、丁酸乙烯酯、2-乙基己酸乙烯酯、月桂酸乙烯酯、乙酸1-甲基乙烯酯(l-methylvinyl acetate)、新戊酸乙烯酯和具有9至13个碳原子的α-支化一元羧酸的乙烯基酯，例如VeoVa9R或VeoVa10R(Resolution的商标名)。特别优选乙酸乙烯酯。
合适的甲基丙烯酸酯或丙烯酸酯是具有1至15个碳原子的支化或未支化醇的酯，例如，丙烯酸甲酯、甲基丙烯酸甲酯、丙烯酸乙酯、甲基丙烯酸乙酯、丙烯酸丙酯、甲基丙烯酸丙酯、丙烯酸正丁酯、甲基丙烯酸正丁酯、丙烯酸2-乙基己酯、丙烯酸降冰片酯(norbornylacrylate)。优选丙烯酸甲酯、甲基丙烯酸甲酯、丙烯酸正丁酯和丙烯酸2-乙基己酯。
烯烃和二烃的实例是乙烯、丙烯和1，3-丁二烯。合适的乙烯基芳族化合物是苯乙烯和乙烯基甲苯。合适的乙烯基卤化物是氯乙烯。
如果需要，可以另外共聚合0.05至50重量％，优选1至10重量％(以基础聚合物的总重量计)的辅助单体。辅助单体的实例是烯键式不饱和一元羧酸和二元羧酸，优选丙烯酸、甲基丙烯酸、富马酸和马来酸；烯键式不饱和羧酰胺(carboxamide)和腈，优选丙烯酰胺和丙烯腈；富马酸和马来酸的单酯和二酯，例如，二乙基酯和二异丙基酯，以及马来酸酐，烯键式不饱和磺酸或其盐，优选乙烯基磺酸、2-丙烯酰胺-2-甲基丙烷磺酸。进一步的实例是预交联共聚单体，例如多烯键式不饱和共聚单体，例如二乙烯基adipiate、马来酸二烯丙酯、甲基丙烯酸烯丙酯或氰脲酸三烯丙酯，或后交联共聚单体，例如丙烯酰胺基羟乙酸(acrylamidoglycolic acid)(AGA)、甲基丙烯酰胺基羟乙酸甲酯(MMAG)、N-羟甲基丙烯酰胺(NMA)、N-羟甲基甲基丙烯酰胺(NMMA)、烯丙基N-羟甲基氨基甲酸酯(allyl N-methylolcarbamate)，烷基醚，例如N-羟甲基-丙烯酰胺、N-羟甲基甲基丙烯酰胺、和烯丙基N-羟甲基氨基甲酸酯的异丁氧基醚或酯。环氧化物-官能共聚单体，例如甲基丙烯酸缩水甘油酯和丙烯酸缩水甘油酯也是合适的。进一步的实例是硅-官能共聚单体，例如丙烯酰氧基丙基三(烷氧基)硅烷和甲基丙烯酰氧基丙基三(烷氧基)硅烷、乙烯基三烷氧基硅烷和乙烯基甲基二烷氧基硅烷，其中可含有例如甲氧基、乙氧基和乙氧基丙二醇醚基团作为烷氧基基团。还可提及具有羟基或CO基团的单体，例如羟烷基甲基丙烯酸酯和丙烯酸酯，例如羟乙基、羟丙基、或羟丁基丙烯酸酯或甲基丙烯酸酯，和化合物例如双丙酮丙烯酰胺和乙酰基乙酰氧基乙基丙烯酸酯或甲基丙烯酸酯。
合适的均聚物和共聚物的实例是乙酸乙烯酯均聚物、乙酸乙烯酯和乙烯的共聚物、乙酸乙烯酯和乙烯以及一种或多种其他乙烯基酯的共聚物、乙酸乙烯酯和乙烯以及丙烯酸酯的共聚物、乙酸乙烯酯和乙烯以及氯乙烯的共聚物、苯乙烯-丙烯酸酯共聚物、苯乙烯-1，3丁二烯共聚物，如果需要，其可另外包含所述辅助单体。
优选乙酸乙烯酯均聚物；
乙酸乙烯酯与1至40重量％的乙烯的共聚物；
乙酸乙烯酯与1至40重量％的乙烯和1至50重量％的一种或多种其他共聚单体的共聚物，该共聚单体选自在羧酸基团中具有1至15个碳原子的乙烯基酯，例如，丙酸乙烯酯、月桂酸乙烯酯、具有9至13个碳原子的α-支化羧酸的乙烯基酯，例如VeoVa9R、VeoVa10R、VeoVa11R；
乙酸乙烯酯、1至40重量％的乙烯和优选1至60重量％的具有1至15个碳原子的未支化或支化醇的丙烯酸酯(特别是丙烯酸正丁酯或丙烯酸2-乙基己酯)的共聚物；和
共聚物，其包含30至75重量％的乙酸乙烯酯、1至30重量％的月桂酸乙烯酯或具有9至13个碳原子的α-支化羧酸的乙烯基酯、以及1至30重量％的具有1至15个碳原子的未支化或支化醇的丙烯酸酯，特别是丙烯酸正丁酯或丙烯酸2-乙基己酯，以及另外1至40重量％的乙烯；
共聚物，其包含乙酸乙烯酯、1至40重量％的乙烯和1至60重量％的氯乙烯；并且该聚合物可以另外以所述量包含所述辅助单体，并且各个重量百分比的和为100重量％。
同样优选(甲基)丙烯酸酯聚合物，例如丙烯酸正丁酯或丙烯酸2-乙基己酯的共聚物，或甲基丙烯酸甲酯与丙烯酸正丁酯和/或丙烯酸2-乙基己酯的共聚物；
苯乙烯-丙烯酸酯共聚物，优选具有一种或多种选自丙烯酸甲酯、丙烯酸乙酯、丙烯酸丙酯、丙烯酸正丁酯、丙烯酸2-乙基己酯的单体；
乙酸乙烯酯-丙烯酸酯共聚物，优选具有一种或多种选自丙烯酸甲酯、丙烯酸乙酯、丙烯酸丙酯、丙烯酸正丁酯、丙烯酸2-乙基己酯，或乙烯(如果需要)的单体；苯乙烯-1，3-丁二烯共聚物，并且该聚合物可以另外以所述量包含所述辅助单体，并且各个重量百分比之和为100重量％。
选择单体和共聚单体重量份，以使得玻璃化转变温度Tg为-50℃至+50℃，优选-30℃至+40℃。可以以公知的方式，通过差示扫描量热法(DSC)测定聚合物的玻璃化转变温度Tg。也可以通过Fox方程预先大致计算Tg。根据Fox T.G.，Bull.Am.Physics Soc.1，3，第123页(1956)：1/Tg＝x1/Tg1+x2/Tg2+…+xn/Tgn，其中xn是单体n的质量分数(重量％/100)并且Tgn是单体n的均聚物的玻璃化转变温度(凯尔文)。Polymer Handbook第二版，J.Wiley & Sons，纽约(1975)给出了均聚物的Tg值。
通过乳液聚合法或者通过悬浮聚合法制备均聚物和共聚物，优选通过乳液聚合法，聚合温度通常为40℃至100℃，优选60℃至90℃。也可以在超级大气压条件下(通常5bar至100bar的范围内)，进行气态共聚单体例如乙烯、1，3-丁二烯或氯乙烯的共聚。
通过溶于水或溶于单体的引发剂或氧化还原引发剂组合(其被习惯地用于乳液聚合或悬浮聚合)引发聚合。溶于水的引发剂的实例是过氧二硫酸的钠、钾和铵盐，过氧化氢、叔丁基过氧化物、叔丁基过氧化氢、过氧二磷酸钾、过氧新戊酸叔丁酯、氢过氧化枯烯、异丙苯一氢过氧化物(isopropylbenzene monohydroperoxide)和偶氮二异丁腈。溶于单体的引发剂的实例是过氧化二碳酸联十六烷酯、过氧化二碳酸二环己酯、过氧化二苯甲酰。分别以单体总重量计，通常以0.001至0.02重量％，优选0.001至0.01重量％的量使用所述引发剂。
作为氧化还原引发剂，使用上述引发剂与还原剂的组合。合适的还原剂是碱金属和铵的亚硫酸盐和亚硫酸氢盐，例如亚硫酸钠、次硫酸(sulphoxyl acid)的衍生物例如锌或碱金属的甲醛化次硫酸盐(formaldehyde sulphoxylate)，例如羟甲基亚磺酸钠(sodiumhydroxymethanesulphinate)，以及抗坏血酸。分别以单体总重量计，还原剂的量通常为0.001至0.03重量％，优选0.001至0.015重量％。
为了控制分子量，可以在聚合过程中使用调节物质。如果使用调节剂，以待聚合的单体计，其使用量通常为0.01至5.0重量％，并且将其单独引入或预先与反应成分混合。该物质的实例是正十二烷基硫醇、叔十二烷基硫醇、巯基丙酸、巯基丙酸甲酯(methyl mercatopropionate)、异丙醇和乙醛。
用于聚合的合适的保护胶体c)是聚乙烯醇、聚乙烯醇缩醛、聚乙烯基吡咯烷酮；溶于水的形式的多糖，例如，淀粉(直链淀粉和支链淀粉)、纤维素及其羧甲基、甲基、羟乙基、羟丙基衍生物；蛋白质例如酪蛋白或酪蛋白酸盐、大豆蛋白、明胶；木质素磺酸盐；合成聚合物，例如聚(甲基)丙烯酸，(甲基)丙烯酸酯与羧基-官能共聚单体单元的共聚物，聚(甲基)丙烯酰胺，聚乙烯基磺酸及其溶于水的共聚物；三聚氰胺甲醛化磺酸盐(melamine formaldehyde sulphonate)，萘甲醛化磺酸盐，苯乙烯-马来酸和乙烯基醚-马来酸共聚物。
优选部分水解或完全水解的水解度为80至100摩尔％的聚乙烯醇，特别是部分水解的水解度为80至95摩尔％且在4％强度(strength)的水溶液中的
粘度为1至30mPas(20℃下的法，DIN53015)的聚乙烯醇。同样优选部分水解的、疏水改性的、水解度为80至95摩尔％且在4％强度的水溶液中的
粘度为1至30mPas的聚乙烯醇。实例为乙酸乙烯酯与疏水共聚单体的部分水解共聚物，该疏水共聚单体例如乙酸异丙烯酯、新戊酸乙烯酯、乙基己酸乙烯酯、具有5或9至11个碳原子的饱和α-支化一元羧酸的乙烯基酯、马来酸二烷基酯和富马酸二烷基酯，例如马来酸二异丙酯和富马酸二异丙酯，氯乙烯，乙烯基烷基醚，例如乙烯基丁基醚，烯烃例如乙烯和癸烯。以部分水解的聚乙烯醇的总重量计，疏水单元的比例优选为0.1至10重量％。也可以使用所述聚乙烯醇的混合物。
最优选水解度为85至94摩尔％且在4％强度的水溶液中的
粘度为3至15mPas(20℃下的
法，DIN 53015)的聚乙烯醇。可以通过本领域技术人员公知的方法获得所述的保护胶体，并通常以1至20重量％的量添加保护胶体(以在聚合中的单体总重量计)。
如果在乳化剂的存在下进行聚合，以单体的量计，乳化剂的量为1至5重量％。合适的乳化剂包括阴离子、阳离子以及非离子乳化剂，例如阴离子表面活性剂，如链长为8至18个碳原子的烷基硫酸盐，具有8至18个碳原子(在疏水基团中)以及最多40个氧化乙烯或氧化丙烯单元的烷基或烷基芳基醚硫酸盐，具有8至18个碳原子的烷基磺酸酯或烷基芳基磺酸酯，磺基琥珀酸(sulphosuccinic acid)与一元醇或烷基酚的酯和单酯，或者非离子表面活性剂，例如具有8至40个氧化乙烯单元的烷基聚乙二醇醚或烷基芳基聚乙二醇醚。
聚合之后，可以使用公知的方法进行后聚合(after-polymerization)以除去残留的单体，通常通过氧化还原催化剂引发的后聚合。也可以通过蒸馏除去挥发性残留单体，优选在减压下进行，并且如果合适的话，使用惰性共沸剂(entrainer)气体，例如空气，氮气或蒸汽，使其通过或穿过聚合混合物。通过这种方法获得的水性分散体的固体含量为30至75重量％，优选50至60重量％。
为了制备可再分散于水中的聚合物粉末组合物，将脂肪酸酐成分b)以任何所需的方式与聚合物a)的水性分散体混合，并且随后干燥分散体。通过例如流化床干燥、冷冻干燥或喷雾干燥进行干燥。优选喷雾干燥。在传统的喷雾干燥单元中进行喷雾干燥，并且可以通过单流体，二流体或多流体喷嘴或旋转喷雾器圆盘进行雾化。根据单元、树脂的Tg和所需的干燥度，通常将出口温度设为45℃至120℃，优选60℃至90℃。
另外，在制备可再分散于水中的聚合物粉末组合物中，也可将保护胶体c)用作干燥助剂。合适的干燥助剂与上述用于聚合的保护胶体c)相同。以其总重量计，聚合物粉末组合物优选包含1至30重量％的保护胶体c)。
在喷雾干燥中，以基础聚合物计，经常发现最大1.5重量％的防沫剂含量是有利的。
通过固体含量设置待雾化的进料的粘度，以获得＜1000mPas(20转(revolution)和23℃下的布鲁克菲尔德粘度)，优选＜350mPas的值。待雾化的分散体的固体含量为＞30％，优选＞40％。
在一个进一步优选的具体实施方案中，可再分散于水中的聚合物粉末组合物不包含任何聚合物成分a)，但是包含分别以聚合物粉末组合物的总重量计，
b)5至70重量％的一种或多种脂肪酸酐，和
c)30至95重量％的一种或多种保护胶体。
为了进行该具体实施方案，通常将脂肪酸酐与保护胶体的水溶液混合，然后干燥该混合物，优选喷雾干燥。合适的和优选的脂肪酸酐，合适的和优选的保护胶体以及合适的和优选的干燥方法符合上述具体实施方案。
不管可再分散于水中的聚合物粉末组合物的组成，可在干燥中进一步添加添加剂以改善使用性能。在优选的具体实施方案中含有的聚合物粉末组合物的进一步的组分是，例如，防沫剂、色素、泡沫稳定剂。
在优选的具体实施方案中含有的可再分散于水中的聚合物粉末组合物的进一步的组分是有机和无机添加剂。添加剂可以是，但不限于下列化合物：防沫剂、无机或矿物抗结块剂或填充剂，以可再分散于水中的聚合物粉末组合物的总重量计，含有的添加剂的量分别可以是最多50重量％，优选最多30重量％，特别优选最多20重量％。在可再分散于水中的聚合物粉末组合物中通常以最多5重量％的比例含有防沫剂。
可再分散于水中的聚合物粉末组合物中也可含有无机或矿物化合物，其比例优选可以是5至30重量％。特别在粉末具有低玻璃化转变温度的情况下，通过改善结块稳定性(blocking stability)，这些无机添加剂改善了聚合物粉末组合物的耐贮性。传统抗结块剂(防结块剂)的实例是颗粒尺寸优选为10nm至100μm的碳酸钙或碳酸镁、滑石、石膏、二氧化硅、高岭土、硅酸盐。
可再分散于水中的聚合物粉末组合物可用于其通常的应用领域。其可以单独使用，也可以与传统的再分散粉末组合使用。其可用于例如建筑化学产品，如果合适的话与水凝粘结剂(hydraulically settingbinder)例如水泥(卜特兰水泥、高铝水泥、火山灰水泥、矿渣水泥、镁氧水泥、磷酸盐水泥)、石膏灰泥和水玻璃，用于制备建筑粘合剂，特别是砖瓦粘合剂(tile adhesive)和绝热粘合剂、灰泥(plaster)和粉刷头道浆(render)、scim涂层、细填料、地板组合物(flooringcomposition)、自动水平刮板(self-levelling screed)、密封泥浆(sealingslurries)、勾缝砂浆、油漆。进一步的应用是用于建筑和建造(construction)以及给隧道壁加衬里的喷射(gunned)砂浆和喷射混凝土。可再分散于水中的聚合物粉末组合物还可以用作沙、粘土、纸、织物、天然或合成纤维的疏水化剂。可再分散于水中的聚合物粉末组合物还可在例如涂料和清漆应用中用于改性或涂覆表面。
令人惊奇地，较之通过更活动的(more mobile)脂肪酸酯衍生物或直接存在于水相中的酸，通过这些聚合物粉末组合物获得更好的疏水化性能。尽管为从有机聚合物移动至界面并水解，脂肪酸酐是较少溶于水(less water-soluble)的和较不活动(less mobile)的，却获得极好的疏水化性能。在此，发现优点在于一分子的酸酐提供两分子的均为活性的脂肪酸盐。进一步的优点在于没有形成排放相关化合物。
具体实施方式
实施例：
通过喷雾干燥聚乙烯醇稳定的乙烯-乙酸乙烯酯共聚物的分散体，并添加6重量％的聚乙烯醇(水解度为88摩尔％，
粘度为4mPas)，并以指定的量添加脂肪酸衍生物以制备粉末。
随后通过二液体喷嘴喷射分散体。使用预压缩至4bar的空气作为雾化成分，并且通过加热至125℃的空气并流(in cocurrent)干燥形成的液滴。将得到的干燥粉末与10重量％的商业抗结块剂(碳酸钙镁)混合。
粉末P1：包含1重量％的月桂酸酐
粉末P2：包含4重量％的月桂酸酐
粉末P3：包含1重量％的棕榈酸酐
粉末P4：包含2重量％的月桂酸和乙酸的混合酸酐
对比粉末P5：包含1重量％的月桂酸甲酯作为疏水化剂
对比粉末P6：包含4重量％月桂酸甲酯作为疏水化剂
试验：
疏水性的测定
为了测定疏水性，从30重量％的水泥、68重量％的沙和2重量％的分散体粉末制备矿物组合物。添加水之后，形成试验样品并将其干燥。之后通过移液管将一滴水放置于该试验样品上，并测量该水滴保持在表面上的时间。
表1：
| 实施例 | 时间/分钟 |
| 粉末P1 | 130 |
| 粉末P2 | 450 |
| 粉末P3 | 110 |
| 粉末P4 | 105 |
| 对比粉末P5 | 100 |
| 对比粉末P6 | 420 |
从该数据可以看出，使用本发明的产物达到的疏水化明显比使用标准产品所获得的疏水化好。
Claims (12)
1.一种可再分散于水中的聚合物粉末组合物，以聚合物粉末组合物的总重量计，包含0.1至70重量％的一种或多种脂肪酸酐。
2.根据权利要求1所述的可再分散于水中的聚合物粉末组合物，其特征在于，其中含有一种或多种分别具有8至22个碳原子的支化或未支化、饱和或不饱和脂肪酸的脂肪酸酐。
3.根据权利要求2所述的可再分散于水中的聚合物粉末组合物，其特征在于，其中含有不对称脂肪酸酐。
4.根据权利要求3所述的可再分散于水中的聚合物粉末组合物，其特征在于，其中含有具有8至22个碳原子的脂肪酸和具有2至6个碳原子的羧酸的不对称脂肪酸酐。
5.根据权利要求1或2所述的可再分散于水中的聚合物粉末组合物，其特征在于，其中含有分别具有10至18个碳原子的饱和或不饱和脂肪酸的对称脂肪酸酐。
6.根据权利要求1至5任一项所述的可再分散于水中的聚合物粉末组合物，其特征在于，其中含有分别以聚合物粉末组合物的总重量计：
a)60至99.9重量％的一种或多种不溶于水的成膜基础聚合物，其基于一种或多种单体的均聚物或共聚物，该单体选自具有1至15个碳原子的未支化或支化烷基羧酸的乙烯基酯、具有1至15个碳原子的醇的甲基丙烯酸酯或丙烯酸酯、乙烯基芳族化合物、烯烃、二烯或乙烯基卤化物，
b)0.1至30重量％的一种或多种脂肪酸酐，和
c)0至30重量％的一种或多种保护胶体。
7.根据权利要求1至5任一项所述的可再分散于水中的聚合物粉末组合物，其特征在于，其中不含有聚合物成份a)，但含有分别以聚合物粉末组合物的总重量计
b)5至70重量％的一种或多种脂肪酸酐，和
c)30至95重量％的一种或多种保护胶体。
8.一种制备根据权利要求1至7任一项所述的可再分散于水中的聚合物粉末组合物的方法，其特征在于，在下列各个情况下任选地在保护胶体c)存在下干燥聚合物a)的水性分散体和脂肪酸酐b)的混合物，或仅干燥脂肪酸酐b)。
9.根据权利要求1至7任一项所述的可再分散于水中的聚合物粉末组合物的使用，其结合水凝粘结剂用在建筑化学产品。
10.根据权利要求9所述的可再分散于水中的聚合物粉末组合物的使用，其中水凝粘结剂为水泥、石膏灰泥和水玻璃。
11.根据权利要求1至7任一项所述的可再分散于水中的聚合物粉末组合物在制备建筑粘合剂中的使用，特别是用于建筑和建造以及给隧道壁加衬里的砖瓦粘合剂和绝热粘合剂、灰泥和粉刷头道浆、罩面层、细填料、地板组合物、自动水平刮板、密封泥浆、勾缝砂浆、油漆和喷射砂浆和喷射混凝土。
12.根据权利要求1至7任一项所述的可再分散于水中的聚合物粉末组合物的使用，其用作沙、粘土、纸、织物、天然或合成纤维的疏水化剂，以及用于改性或涂覆表面。
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| PCT/EP2006/067289 WO2007048707A1 (de) | 2005-10-27 | 2006-10-11 | Fettsäureanhydride enthaltende dispersionspulver |
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| AU2012216392B2 (en) * | 2008-06-03 | 2015-01-29 | Relborgn Pty Ltd | Method and Composition for Sealing Passages |
| WO2009146493A1 (en) * | 2008-06-03 | 2009-12-10 | Relborgn Pty Ltd; And Triomviri Pty Ltd Trading As The Grobler Partnership | Method and composition for sealing passages |
| DE102008055064A1 (de) | 2008-12-22 | 2010-06-24 | Wacker Chemie Ag | Säureresistente, hydraulisch abbindende Massen |
| JP5664465B2 (ja) * | 2010-06-18 | 2015-02-04 | 日信化学工業株式会社 | ガラス繊維物品及びガラス繊維強化プラスチック |
| EP2540687B1 (en) * | 2011-06-29 | 2017-11-15 | Dow Global Technologies LLC | A hydrophobic cementitious composition |
| WO2013173876A1 (en) * | 2012-05-23 | 2013-11-28 | Relborgn Pty Ltd | Method of limiting permeability of a matrix to limit liquid and gas inflow |
| RU2666676C2 (ru) | 2013-07-19 | 2018-09-11 | Филип Моррис Продактс, С.А. | Гидрофобная бумага |
| JP6506012B2 (ja) | 2013-12-09 | 2019-04-24 | ローム アンド ハース カンパニーＲｏｈｍ Ａｎｄ Ｈａａｓ Ｃｏｍｐａｎｙ | 改善された加工性を有する非セメント系有機下塗材配合物 |
| IN2014DE03244A (zh) | 2013-12-10 | 2015-07-17 | Dow Global Technologies Llc | |
| CA3005556A1 (en) | 2017-05-24 | 2018-11-24 | Relborgn Pty Ltd | Method of limiting permeability of a matrix to limit liquid and/or gas inflow |
| CN111051416A (zh) * | 2017-09-15 | 2020-04-21 | 住友精化株式会社 | 乙烯系树脂水性分散液及水系热封材料 |
| AU2019404104A1 (en) | 2018-12-21 | 2021-05-27 | Alcon Inc. | Multi-curvature edge for ophthalmic lenses |
| WO2021013357A1 (de) * | 2019-07-25 | 2021-01-28 | Wacker Chemie Ag | Dispersionspulver-zusammensetzung mit fettalkohol-kohlensäureester |
| US11554995B2 (en) | 2020-05-27 | 2023-01-17 | Hycrete, Inc. | Chemically reactive surface-applied waterproofing for post-construction materials |
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| US4959207A (en) * | 1987-03-02 | 1990-09-25 | Nippon Zeon Co., Ltd. | Deodrant composition, deodrant resin composition and deodrant resin shaped article |
| JPH0647003B2 (ja) * | 1987-08-07 | 1994-06-22 | 日本ゼオン株式会社 | 脱臭性組成物、脱臭性複合材料、脱臭性樹脂組成物、脱臭性樹脂成形品及び脱臭性発泡体 |
| WO1992014449A1 (en) * | 1991-02-20 | 1992-09-03 | Nova Pharmaceutical Corporation | Controlled release microparticulate delivery system for proteins |
| DE4402409A1 (de) * | 1994-01-27 | 1995-08-03 | Wacker Chemie Gmbh | Redispergierbare Dispersionspulverzusammensetzung, Verfahren zu deren Herstellung und deren Verwendung |
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| DE59610309D1 (de) * | 1995-08-23 | 2003-05-08 | Henkel Kgaa | Verwendung wenigstens eines fettchemischen Additivs für eine GIPSHALTIGE ZUSAMMENSETZUNG |
| DE19855081A1 (de) * | 1998-11-28 | 2000-05-31 | Cognis Deutschland Gmbh | Hydrophobiermittel für die Textilausrüstung |
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| US20050208286A1 (en) * | 2000-09-21 | 2005-09-22 | Hartmann Mark H | Polymeric composites having enhanced reversible thermal properties and methods of forming thereof |
| TWI243807B (en) * | 2000-10-02 | 2005-11-21 | Celanese Emulsions Gmbh | Use of a powder composition for hydrophobicizing construction compositions |
| GB0024638D0 (en) * | 2000-10-07 | 2000-11-22 | Dow Corning | Cementitious materials |
| DE10227589A1 (de) * | 2002-06-20 | 2004-01-15 | Wacker Polymer Systems Gmbh & Co. Kg | Verfahren zur Verringerung der Geruchsemission in wässrigen Polymerdispersionen und in Polymerpulvern |
| DE10323205A1 (de) * | 2003-05-22 | 2004-12-16 | Wacker Polymer Systems Gmbh & Co. Kg | Hydrophobierendes Additiv |
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