CN103076635A - Advanced detection system and method for TBM (Tunnel Boring Machine) tunnel construction based on forward three-dimensional induced polarization - Google Patents
Advanced detection system and method for TBM (Tunnel Boring Machine) tunnel construction based on forward three-dimensional induced polarization Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses an advanced detection system and method for TBM (Tunnel Boring Machine) tunnel construction based on forward three-dimensional induced polarization. By fully utilizing a narrow detection space of a full-face excavated tunnel, controlling the opening of cabin doors of a power supply and measuring electrode cabin and a shielding electrode cabin through controllers, and controlling corresponding hydraulic transmission devices to automatically and rapidly arrange power supply, measurement and shielding electrode systems onto a TBM tunneling working face and side wall bottom plates at the rear of the TBM tunneling working face, under the effect of a shielding current system, tomographic detection power supply current points to the front of the working face. By using the detection method based on the forward three-dimensional induced polarization, the three-dimensional geological information of the front of the working face can be obtained. Moreover, by using a relation between induced polarization half-time difference and water flow, the magnitude of the water flow of a water body can be quantitatively forecasted. In addition, the parameter, i.e. the half-time difference has a stronger ability of distinguishing free water and bound water.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to carry out in the TBM construction tunnel field of the three-dimensional induced polarization method advanced prediction of forward direction, relate in particular to the three-dimensional induced polarization method forward probe apparatus system of a kind of TBM construction tunnel forward direction and method.
Background technology
In recent years, adopt the ratio of complete-section tunnel boring machine (being called for short TBM) mechanical execution more and more higher in the constructing tunnel, complete-section tunnel boring machine is to utilize rotating tool excavation, and simultaneously country rock and driving in the broken hole form a kind of novel, the advanced tunnel construction machinery of whole tunnel cross-section.When using the TBM driving, one comparatively the distinct issues adaptability that to be exactly TBM machinery change geologic condition is relatively poor, when the adverse geological conditions such as experience tomography, shatter belt, lithology interface, water-bearing structure, often cause TBM machinery by the major accident that blocks, buried even machinery is scrapped.In order to reduce the risk that meets with above-mentioned accident in the TBM construction, the most effectively solution adopts Geological Prediction Technology to verify in advance the front of tunnel heading adverse geological condition exactly, and pre-establishes rational Disposal Measures and construction prediction scheme according to the geological condition in the place ahead.
But, still the special-purpose method for forecasting advanced geology of very ripe effective TBM construction tunnel both at home and abroad.For Preceding geology predictor and technology, TBM construction and drill bursting construction have the difference of internal: 1. TBM machinery is a huge monster, TBM machinery has occupied most spaces at tunnel tunnel face rear, can't excite shot point and receiving system what tunnel side wall was arranged seismic wave method advanced prediction commonly used, cause the seismic event advanced prediction technology such as TSP, TGP commonly used in the drilling and blasting method tunnel, TRT can't be applied in the TBM construction tunnel; 2. exist a large amount of hardwares and service cable huge to the interference of electromagnetic field in the TBM machinery, cause the common Geological Prediction Technology Effect on Detecting based on electromagnetic principle such as geological radar method, transient electromagnetic method and induced polarization method extremely undesirable, to such an extent as to can't be used for the TBM construction tunnel.When 3. TBM constructed, the machinery overhaul time that every day is nearly two hours, the TBM cutterhead retreated 2-5m when machinery overhaul, and this narrow space can be used to implement advance geologic prediction, and its narrow space and pot life are shorter.
With regard to the Geologic Advance Prediction Technology in the present TBM construction tunnel, mainly contain following two kinds of methods: 1. a kind of is to utilize the leading rig of TBM machinery allocation to carry out horizontal drilling, this rig can only disclose the geological condition around the boring, for not verifying with the geologic body that intersects of holing, can not reflect the geological condition in the gamut of TBM workplace the place ahead, very easily omit unfavorable geology, cause wrong report, misrepresent deliberately and disaster hidden danger, and boring financial cost and time cost is higher.2. another kind is BEAM (the Bore-Tunneling Electrical Ahead Monitoring) system that utilizes Germany's research and development, BEAM is a kind of one-dimensional focusing class induced polarization method, the shortcoming one of BEAM method is that testing apparatus is installed complexity, and the test duration is long, has a strong impact on construction speed; The curve of the each measurement result of the 2nd, BEAM method utilization and tunnel mileage is inferred the moisture situation in development end the place ahead, and detection range is little, does not adopt tomography to survey, and can't obtain the three-dimensional information of TBM workplace front geological body, also can't forecast the water yield.In addition, from the applicable cases of BEAM method in the several tunnels of China, forecast result is undesirable, is not promoted, and pending raising and perfect is arranged.
As seen, the reason such as narrow and small owing to space exploration in the TBM construction tunnel, that electromagnetic interference (EMI) is huge, pot life is short causes still not having at present Geological Prediction Technology and the device of very effective practicality.
Summary of the invention
The objective of the invention is for overcoming above-mentioned the deficiencies in the prior art, the three-dimensional induced polarization method forward probe apparatus system of a kind of TBM construction tunnel forward direction and method are provided, its ultimate principle is around face or abutment wall backplane shielding electrode system, arrange chromatography detection power supply and measuring system at face, under the effect of bucking current system, chromatography is surveyed supply current and is pointed to front of tunnel heading, and this moment, the TBM machinery at rear was very little to the electromagnetic interference (EMI) of surveying, and can ignore; Utilize the three-dimensional induced polarization exploration method of this forward direction can obtain the three-dimensional geological information of front of tunnel heading, and the water yield of the quantitative forecast water content of the difference can utilize induced polarization partly to decline the time and the relation of the water yield is big or small.
For achieving the above object, the present invention adopts following technical proposals:
The three-dimensional induced polarization method forward probe of a kind of TBM construction tunnel forward direction apparatus system is provided with master-control room in the TBM main body, be provided with controller, the three-dimensional induced polarization transmitter of forward direction, the three-dimensional induced polarization receiver of forward direction in the master-control room; Cutterhead in the TBM main body is provided with at least one power supply and potential electrode cabin, and multilayer rock coupling integration electrode and bracing or strutting arrangement and hatch door are installed on it, and multilayer rock coupling integration electrode forms corresponding side line at workplace; Base plate is provided with transmitting electrode B and receiving electrode N at TBM body of work face rear, rock coupling integration electrode is connected by wire and controller, the three-dimensional induced polarization transmitter of forward direction, the three-dimensional induced polarization receiver of forward direction respectively, and transmitting electrode B is connected with receiving electrode N with the three-dimensional induced polarization transmitter of forward direction, forward direction three-dimensional induced polarization receiver and is connected; In the TBM body front end with also be provided with guarded electrode cabin and delivery apparatus thereof all around, guarded electrode P is installed in the guarded electrode cabin; Also be provided with video monitoring devices in power supply and potential electrode cabin, it is connected with master-control room.
Described power supply and potential electrode cabin have along TBM main center symmetrical about two, power supply and the hatch door in potential electrode cabin are divided into up and down two fans, wherein one fan with tongue, another fan is with fluted; Hatch door opens and closes and is controlled by controller.
Described bracing or strutting arrangement comprises three parallel survey line guide rods, connects by the vertical hydraulic jacking gear between each survey line guide rod, also is provided with the horizontal hydraulic pressure expanding unit at each survey line guide rod two ends, and the survey line guide rod in centre position is connected with the horizontal hydraulic pressure delivery apparatus; Rock coupling integration electrode is installed on each survey line guide rod and the both ends horizontal hydraulic pressure expanding unit; Be 1.5m-2.0m between the adjacent survey line guide rod.
Described rock coupling integration electrode comprises rock coupling electrodes of A and the rock coupling receiving electrode M two parts that integrate, wherein rock coupling electrodes of A comprises metal electrode, metal electrode places in the PVC shell, and the metal electrode top is the rock coupling material, and the bottom is connected with wire; Rock coupling receiving electrode M comprises non-polarizing electrode, and it places in another PVC shell, and its top is electrode cap, and the bottom is connected with wire.
Described video monitoring devices is made of preposition video camera and many window displays, preposition video camera is installed in power supply and the potential electrode cabin, and with illuminating lamp, and picture is transferred to display, display is installed in the TBM master-control room, and preposition video camera is controlled by controller.
Described guarded electrode cabin and delivery apparatus thereof comprise guarded electrode cabin, guarded electrode P, hydraulic pressure delivery apparatus, and divide workplace guarded electrode group and shield guarded electrode group according to the installation site, workplace guarded electrode group is distributed in the outline line border of TBM main body cutterhead, in the location arrangements one of the TBM body front end rear 2-3m shield guarded electrode group of encircling for protection; Guarded electrode P comprises metal electrode, metal electrode places in the PVC shell, the metal electrode top is the rock coupling material, the bottom is connected with wire, guarded electrode is installed in hydraulic pressure delivery apparatus front end, the hydraulic pressure delivery apparatus is installed in the guarded electrode cabin, and the guarded electrode cabin is provided with hatch door, and hatch door opens and closes and controlled by controller.
Transmitting electrode B on the base plate of described TBM body of work face rear and receiving electrode N are apart from TBM workplace 100-150m.
A kind of forward probe method of utilizing the three-dimensional induced polarization method forward probe of TBM construction tunnel forward direction apparatus system, utilize the three-dimensional induced polarization method forward probe of TBM construction tunnel forward direction apparatus system to arrange a circle guarded electrode P at the workplace outline line, arrange a circle guarded electrode at the abutment wall base plate of driving face rear 2-3m, arrange the parallel survey line that many rock coupling integration electrodes form at workplace; Base plate at workplace rear 100-150m is established transmitting electrode and receiving electrode;
With transmitting electrode and guarded electrode infeed electric current in the same way, test respectively the electric potential difference of multilayer rock coupling integration electrode and base plate receiving electrode and when partly declining, and change that size of current is tested the electric potential difference of multilayer rock coupling integration electrode under the different electric currents and base plate receiving electrode and when partly declining; The electric potential difference data that utilization records are carried out inverting, obtain the 3 D resistivity image of workplace front geological body, realize the three-dimensional localization of water content; With record partly decline the time draw the coordinate diagram that concerns of difference data when partly declining and horizontal range, calculate difference and the envelope size of abscissa axis when partly declining, draw out the two-dimensional cross section of envelope size, the estimation of realization workplace the place ahead water yield.
Each rock coupling electrodes of A on the workplace is fed positive current I
0, the transmitting electrode B on the base plate feeds negative current-I
0On the workplace outline line and all the guarded electrode P on the country rock of workplace rear feed with workplace on rock coupling electrodes of A positive current in the same way, the rock coupling receiving electrode M on the collecting work face is t with the electric potential difference U between the receiving electrode N on the base plate with when partly declining;
Each bar survey line has gathered according to above-mentioned power supply and measuring method after the data, and each the single rock coupling electrodes of A on the workplace is fed positive current 2I
0, the transmitting electrode B on the base plate is fed negative current-I
0, the step of repeating above said collection data.
After data acquisition is complete, carry out the 3-d inversion imaging location of water-bearing structure, employing is based on processing such as barrier function method inequality constrain inverting iteration, the electric potential difference data U that above-mentioned steps records carries out inverting, obtain the 3 D resistivity image of workplace front geological body, realize the three-dimensional localization of water content; Data t carried out workplace the place ahead instream flow estimate when employing partly declined, with record in the above-mentioned steps partly decline the time data t, when decline in two and half of size two primary currents when power supply identical point position data do poor, draw respectively the coordinate diagram that concerns of difference data when partly declining and horizontal range, difference when calculating partly declines and the envelope size St of abscissa axis, the linear positive correlation of big or small V according to envelope size St and the water yield, on the occasion of the part be the response of the water yield, by the size of estimating the water yield on the occasion of the area of part, and then realization is to the estimation of the geologic hazard source water yield.
The present invention has following beneficial effect:
1〉the present invention has carried out improvement and design to TBM machinery, the three-dimensional induced polarization method forward probe of the tunnel forward direction device that a kind of TBM mechanically assembles has been proposed, its critical piece that comprises has power supply and potential electrode cabin and automatic stand device, guarded electrode cabin and delivery apparatus thereof, the three-dimensional induced polarization transmitter of forward direction, the three-dimensional induced polarization receiver of forward direction, video monitoring devices and controller, all are increase and the improvement under existing inner space environment and apparatus system comprehensive consideration to TBM, can be well compatible with TBM.
2〉the present invention proposes a kind of power supply and potential electrode cabin and automatic stand device thereof and guarded electrode cabin and delivery apparatus thereof, can under the control of controller, automatically finish rapidly assigning a work of transmitting electrode system, potential electrode system and shielding electrode system, broken through the narrow and small difficult problem of full-face excavation tunnel Geological Advanced Prediction space exploration, and greatly improved the work efficiency of Geological Advanced Prediction, saved time cost and financial cost.
3〉the present invention proposes the three-dimensional induced polarization method forward probe of a kind of TBM construction tunnel forward direction method, adopt the forward detection mode, compared with existing BEAM method, had better forward probe directive property, solve the in the past difficult problem of side serious interference, effectively improved the forecast distance; The method of employing chromatography is image data successively, can survey the three-dimensional information that obtains TBM driving face front geological body, and forecasts water cut, differentiation Free water and fetter waetr, has solved the difficult problem that three-dimensional water content is located and the water yield is forecast in the past.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is forward probe device integral installation structural representation of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is that TBM driving face electrode system of the present invention is arranged synoptic diagram.
Fig. 3 is TBM cutter head structure synoptic diagram of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is electrode cabin door section of structure of the present invention.
Fig. 5 is the right cabin of power supply of the present invention and potential electrode cabin inner structure synoptic diagram.
Fig. 6 is the right cabin door Unclosing structure of power supply of the present invention and potential electrode cabin synoptic diagram.
Fig. 7 is guarded electrode cabin door Unclosing structure synoptic diagram of the present invention.
Fig. 8 is power supply of the present invention and potential electrode cabin and automatic stand device, guarded electrode cabin and delivery apparatus thereof (comprising workplace guarded electrode group and shield guarded electrode group) Geological Advanced Prediction working state schematic representation thereof.
Fig. 9 is rock coupling integration electrode sectional view of the present invention.
Figure 10 is three-dimensional finite element inverting grid model synoptic diagram of the present invention.
Figure 11 (a) is difference data and the detection level distance relation coordinate broken line graph (known water amount water body 1) of the present invention when partly declining.
Figure 11 (b) is difference data and the detection level distance relation coordinate broken line graph (known water amount water body 2) of the present invention when partly declining.
Figure 11 (c) is that the present invention surveys the known water amount water body gained water yield and envelope size relation curve twice.
Figure 12 be the actual Geological Advanced Prediction of the present invention record partly decline the time difference data and horizontal range relation curve.
Figure 13 is through the water yield that water amount-the parameters of electrical induction Database repairs obtains and envelope size relation curve.
Wherein, 1.TBM driving face, 2. country rock, 3. workplace the place ahead plastid poorly, 4.TBM main body, 5. cutterhead, 6. controller, the 7. three-dimensional induced polarization transmitter of forward direction, the 8. three-dimensional induced polarization receiver of forward direction, 9. master-control room, 10. bracing or strutting arrangement, 11. hydraulic pressure delivery apparatus, 12. workplace guarded electrode group, 13. rock coupling integration electrodes, 14. hobboing cutters, 15. power supply and left cabin, potential electrode cabin, 16. power supply and right cabins, potential electrode cabin, 17. guarded electrode cabins, 18. fan tongue structure on the electrode cabin, 19. electrode cabin lower fan groove structures, 20. survey line guide rods, 21. the horizontal hydraulic pressure delivery apparatus, 22. vertical hydraulic jacking gears, 23. horizontal hydraulic pressure expanding units, 24. front-facing camera, 25. shield guarded electrode group, 26. non-polarizing electrodes, 27. metal electrodes, 28. wire, 29. electrode cap, 30. rock coupling materials, 31.PVC shell
In addition, alphabetical implication is respectively A(rock coupling transmitting electrode among Fig. 1), the B(transmitting electrode), M(rock coupling receiving electrode), the N(receiving electrode), the P(guarded electrode).
Embodiment
The present invention will be further elaborated below by instantiation and accompanying drawing.
All work of the present invention are all in the 9 interior realizations of TBM master-control room.The placement process of the power supply of paper TBM driving face and potential electrode system.
As shown in Figure 1, 2; when TBM main body 4 is tunneled forward; the left cabin 15 of power supply and potential electrode cabin on the controller 6 control cutterheads 5 and the hatch door in the right cabin 16 of power supply and potential electrode cabin are in closed condition, and be not frayed with three layers of rock coupling integration electrode and the bracing or strutting arrangement 10 thereof of protection cabin interior.After TBM main body 4 stops driving, before the work of beginning Geological Advanced Prediction, the hatch door in controller 6 control power supply and left cabin 15, potential electrode cabin and the right cabin 16 of power supply and potential electrode cabin is opened simultaneously, and controls three parallel survey line guide rods 20 that each horizontal hydraulic pressure delivery apparatus 21 will be embedded with rock coupling integration electrode 13 and push driving face 1 to.Hatch door is biparting up and down, and fan tongue structure 18 is with tongue on the electrode cabin, and electrode cabin lower fan groove structure 19 is with fluted, fits together perfectly good leak tightness when closed.
Near workplace 1 time, controller 6 suspends horizontal hydraulic pressure delivery apparatus 21, starts vertical hydraulic jacking gear 22, with upper and lower two side line guide rods 20 make progress respectively, downward equidistant propelling movement 1.5m-2.0m.After being pushed into preset distance, controller 6 stops vertical hydraulic jacking gear 22, starts horizontal hydraulic pressure expanding unit 23, and each survey line guide rod 20 is extended to both sides respectively, guarantees that as much as possible the length of survey line guide rod 20 can reach the cross dimensions of whole driving face.Controller 6 stops horizontal hydraulic pressure expanding unit 23, start horizontal hydraulic pressure delivery apparatus 21, continue three parallel survey line guide rods 20 are pushed to TBM driving face 1, make all rock coupling integration electrodes 13 complete and workplace 1 close contacts on each survey line guide rod 20.Rock coupling integration electrode 13 is combinations of rock coupling electrodes of A and rock coupling receiving electrode M, as shown in Figure 9, wherein rock coupling electrodes of A comprises metal electrode 27, metal electrode 27 places in the PVC shell 31, metal electrode 27 tops are rock coupling material 30, and the bottom is connected with wire 28; Rock coupling receiving electrode M comprises non-polarizing electrode 26, and it places in another PVC shell 31, and its top is electrode cap 29, and the bottom is connected with wire 28.
When rock coupling integration electrode 13 and workplace 1 close contact, metal electrode 27 and non-polarizing electrode 26 just are generally conducting resinl by coupling material 30() and the rock good coupling, coupling material 30 just is stored in electrode cap 29 inside, the design of PVC shell 31 be for parallel three survey line guide rods 20 between insulation, guarantee that supply current only is transferred to workplace 1.Power supply is pushed into workplace 1 with left cabin 15, potential electrode cabin simultaneously with parallel three survey line guide rods 20 in the right cabin 16 in power supply and potential electrode cabin, complete three parallel arrangement of measuring-lines on the face 1 of finishing the work.
Front-facing camera 24 is installed in power supply and left cabin 15, potential electrode cabin and/or power supply and potential electrode cabin 16 inside, right cabin, be designed to prevent dust, waterproof and against shock, and with the lighting function, can clearly capture the process that electrode system is arranged at workplace, and picture is transferred on many window displays in the master-control room 9.On distance workplace 1 infinite point (such as workplace rear 100m-150m) base plate, arrange a rock coupling transmitting electrode B and a rock coupling receiving electrode N.
Next, introduce the placement process of shielding electrode system.
Guarded electrode P is divided into workplace guarded electrode group 12 and shield guarded electrode group 25 two parts, and their structures are identical, as shown in Figure 7, includes a guarded electrode cabin 17, is provided with hydraulic pressure delivery apparatus 11 in it, and hydraulic pressure delivery apparatus 11 front ends are guarded electrode P.Guarded electrode P is identical with rock coupling electrodes of A structure, comprises metal electrode 27, and metal electrode 27 places in the PVC shell 31, and metal electrode 27 tops are rock coupling material 30, and the bottom is connected with wire 28.
The installation site of workplace guarded electrode group 12 is near cutterhead 5 outline lines (on cutterhead 5), and the installation site of shield guarded electrode group 25 then is around shield one circle (on shield, apart from workplace 1 about 2.0m-3.0m).When TBM main body 4 was tunneled forward, controller 6 control guarded electrode cabins 17 hatch doors were in closed condition, and guarded electrode P and the hydraulic pressure delivery apparatus 11 of protection inside are not frayed.After TBM main body 4 stops driving, before the work of beginning Geological Advanced Prediction, controller 6 all guarded electrode cabin 17 hatch doors of control are opened, and control hydraulic pressure delivery apparatus 11 pushes to guarded electrode P on workplace 1 or workplace 1 rear (2.0m-3.0m) country rock 2, until all guarded electrode P and workplace 1 or workplace rear country rock 2 close contacts.Only by a metal electrode 27, do not have non-polarizing electrode 26 in the guarded electrode P, belong to rock coupling transmitting electrode.
Electrode system just begins the work of data acquisition after arranging and finishing.All transmitting electrodes and guarded electrode P are wired on the three-dimensional induced polarization transmitter 7 of forward direction, and all receiving electrodes are wired on the three-dimensional induced polarization receiver 8 of forward direction.Forward direction three-dimensional induced polarization transmitter 7 can be launched the multiple-way supply electric current simultaneously, and the three-dimensional induced polarization receiver 8 of forward direction is used for control receiving electrode measurement electric potential difference U and reaches t when partly declining.After data acquisition is complete, data is carried out decipher process, three-dimensional information and the pre-measured moisture content of forecast TBM driving face 1 front geological body.Result can be presented on many window displays in the master-control room 6.
Below, introduce the implementation procedure of the three-dimensional induced polarization method forward probe of forward direction method.
1. the method that adopts the forward direction chromatography is image data successively, at first each rock coupling electrodes of A of 1 on the workplace is fed positive current I
0, the transmitting electrode B on the base plate feeds negative current-I
0On workplace 1 outline line and all the guarded electrode P on the workplace 1 rear country rock feed with workplace 1 on rock coupling electrodes of A positive current in the same way, the rock coupling receiving electrode M on the collecting work face 1 is t with the electric potential difference U between the receiving electrode N on the base plate with when partly declining.All three surveys line have gathered according to above-mentioned power supply and measuring method after the data, and each the single rock coupling electrodes of A on the workplace 1 is fed positive current 2I
0, the transmitting electrode B on the base plate is fed negative current-I
0, the step of repeating above said collection data.
2. data acquisition complete after, carry out the 3-d inversion imaging location of water-bearing structure, employing is processed based on barrier function method inequality constrain inverting iteration, the electric potential difference data U that above-mentioned steps records carries out inverting, obtain the 3 D resistivity image of workplace front geological body, realize the three-dimensional localization of water content.Concrete steps are as follows:
Consider Smoothing Constraint and inequality constrain, propose following inverting objective function:
Φ＝(d
obs-d
m)
T(d
obs-d
m)+λ(Cm)
T(Cm)）
subject to ρmin
i≤m
i≤ρmax
i
In the formula, d
ObsBe actual observation data, d
mFor just drilling the theoretical observation data that obtains, m is model parameter vector, and C is the smoothness matrix, and λ is Lagrangian constant, has determined the weight of Smoothing Constraint, m
iBe the resistivity of i grid, ρ min
iWith ρ max
iBe respectively lower limit and the upper limit of the resistivity of i grid.The variation range that it is pointed out that resistivity can be a comparatively wide in range scope that obtains according to general general knowledge, also can be a comparatively accurate scope that obtains according to modes such as borings.
The minimum problem of asking formula (1) is a quadratic programming problem of typically carrying inequality constrain, is the key of finding the solution this problem to the processing of inequality constrain.Adopt barrier function method that the information of inequality constrain is embedded in the objective function, construct augmented objective function on the basis of formula (1), suc as formula (2):
In the formula, the μ perseverance is obstruction factor greater than zero, and Φ ' is augmented objective function, and Φ is objective function, and F is the inequality constrain variable, and M is grid resistance rate number of parameters.
Adopt Newton method (Newton Method) to find the solution the optimization problem of augmented objective function, obtain following formula:
(A
TA+λC
TC+μ
kX
-2+μ
kY
-2)Δm
＝A
TΔd-λC
TCm+μ
k(X
-1-Y
-1)e
（3）
In the formula, A is partial derivative matrix, and Δ m is the model parameter incremental vector, and Δ d is observation data, Δ d=d
Obs-d
m, e=(1,1 ... 1)
T, Y is diagonal matrix, the diagonal entry of X matrix is m
i-ρ min
i(i=1,2, M), the diagonal entry of Y matrix is ρ max
i-m
i(i=1,2, M), μ
kThe strictly monotone decreasing of in computation process, getting for μ and a sequence that goes to zero.
System of linear equations (3) is the inversion imaging equation that contains inequality constrain, applying so that the inverting hunting zone is limited in the feasible zone of barrier function, owing to increased this important prior imformation of inequality constrain, so that the inverting multi-solution improves, has positive role to improving efficiency of inverse process.
When carrying out inversion imaging, model three-dimensional finite element inverse model (as shown in figure 10) is set the initial value of grid resistance rate, determines the variation range of grid resistance rate; Then, utilize Finite Element to carry out numerical value and just drill, just drilling medium-and-large-sized system of linear equations and utilizing the cholesky decomposition method to find the solution, obtain corresponding theoretical observation data d
mCarry out the inverting convergence and judge that (convergence criterion is rus＜ε if the error between theoretical observation data and the actual observation data satisfies convergence criterion
Inv, wherein rus is observation data d
ObsWith just drill theoretical value d
mBetween square error, ε
InvAllowable value for the inverting convergence), the model parameter that obtains this moment is exported as inversion result.Otherwise carry out next step calculating; Calculate partial derivative matrix, smoothness matrix and matrix X and Y, find the solution inversion equation (3), obtain model increment Delta m; Calculate model parameter of new generation, upgrade μ according to decreasing sequence of numbers, carried out for (2) step, enter next circulation.Until the variance of the theoretical observation data of just drilling and measurement data is less than setting value (precision according to inverting that the user requires is different, and setting value is different, and inversion accuracy is high, and then setting value is less, otherwise setting value is larger), output model parameter.Thereby inverting obtains the 3 D resistivity image of workplace front geological body, realizes the three-dimensional localization of water content.
Data t carried out workplace the place ahead instream flow estimate when 3. employing partly declined, with record in the above-mentioned steps partly decline the time data t, when decline in two and half of size two primary currents when power supply identical point position data do poor, draw respectively the coordinate diagram that concerns of difference data when partly declining and horizontal range, difference when calculating partly declines and the envelope size St of abscissa axis, the linear positive correlation of big or small V according to envelope size St and the water yield, on the occasion of the part be the response of the water yield, by the size of estimating the water yield on the occasion of the area of part, and then realization is to the estimation of the geologic hazard source water yield.
When using in concrete engineering, step is as follows:
At first find plural known water amount water body, carry out tentative detection, shown in Figure 11 (a) and Figure 11 (b), obtain result of detection, and measure the water yield of the water-bearing structure behind the actual excavation, set up water yield V and sharp telecommunications breath St(when partly declining difference and the envelope size of transverse axis) preliminary mathematical linear relationship expression formula y=ax+b, shown in Figure 11 (c), will survey the water yield and the difference data when partly declining is put into the water yield-parameters of electrical induction database.
In actual Geological Advanced Prediction work, utilize the mathematic(al) representation y=ax+b that obtains in the water yield-parameters of electrical induction database and the difference data (as shown in figure 12) of surveying when partly declining to carry out instream flow estimate.
Measure the water content water yield behind the actual excavation, and correction predicted data (as shown in figure 13), to survey the water yield and the difference data when partly declining is put into the water yield-parameters of electrical induction database, again according to the data correction relationship in the database, in order to carry out follow-up water yield forecast work.
Simultaneously, test figure shows that also the difference parameter when partly declining has stronger separating capacity for Free water and fetter waetr, the difference when partly declining on the occasion of the time, reflection be the water yield of free water; When the difference when partly declining is negative value, reflection be the situation that exists of irreducible water.
In the process of whole data acquisition, exciting of supply current and bucking current is to realize by the three-dimensional induced polarization transmitter 7 of the forward direction in the master-control room 6, electric potential difference and to gather when partly declining and calculate be to realize by the three-dimensional induced polarization receivers 8 of the forward direction in the master-control room 6, the 3 D resistivity image of the workplace front geological body that obtains through inverting and the difference data when partly declining and the coordinate diagram that concerns of horizontal range show the multihead display device on operator's console.
The present invention not detailed description is prior art, repeats no more.
Claims (10)
1. the three-dimensional induced polarization method forward probe of a TBM construction tunnel forward direction apparatus system is characterized in that, is provided with master-control room in the TBM main body, is provided with controller, the three-dimensional induced polarization transmitter of forward direction, the three-dimensional induced polarization receiver of forward direction in the master-control room; Cutterhead in the TBM main body is provided with at least one power supply and potential electrode cabin, and multilayer rock coupling integration electrode and bracing or strutting arrangement and hatch door are installed on it, and multilayer rock coupling integration electrode forms corresponding side line at workplace; Base plate is provided with transmitting electrode B and receiving electrode N at TBM body of work face rear, rock coupling integration electrode is connected by wire and controller, the three-dimensional induced polarization transmitter of forward direction, the three-dimensional induced polarization receiver of forward direction respectively, and transmitting electrode B is connected with receiving electrode N with the three-dimensional induced polarization transmitter of forward direction, forward direction three-dimensional induced polarization receiver and is connected; In the TBM body front end with also be provided with guarded electrode cabin and delivery apparatus thereof all around, guarded electrode P is installed in the guarded electrode cabin; Also be provided with video monitoring devices in power supply and potential electrode cabin, it is connected with master-control room.
2. the three-dimensional induced polarization method forward probe of TBM construction tunnel forward direction as claimed in claim 1 apparatus system, it is characterized in that, described power supply and potential electrode cabin have along TBM main center symmetrical about two, the hatch door in power supply and potential electrode cabin is divided into up and down two fans, wherein a fan is with tongue, and another fan is with fluted; Hatch door opens and closes and is controlled by controller.
3. the three-dimensional induced polarization method forward probe of TBM construction tunnel forward direction as claimed in claim 1 apparatus system, it is characterized in that, described bracing or strutting arrangement comprises three parallel survey line guide rods, connect by the vertical hydraulic jacking gear between each survey line guide rod, also be provided with the horizontal hydraulic pressure expanding unit at each survey line guide rod two ends, the survey line guide rod in centre position is connected with the horizontal hydraulic pressure delivery apparatus; Rock coupling integration electrode is installed on each survey line guide rod and the both ends horizontal hydraulic pressure expanding unit; Be 1.5m-2.0m between the adjacent survey line guide rod.
4. such as claim 1 or the three-dimensional induced polarization method forward probe of 3 described TBM construction tunnel forward directions apparatus system, it is characterized in that, described rock coupling integration electrode comprises rock coupling electrodes of A and the rock coupling receiving electrode M two parts that integrate, wherein rock coupling electrodes of A comprises metal electrode, metal electrode places in the PVC shell, the metal electrode top is the rock coupling material, and the bottom is connected with wire; Rock coupling receiving electrode M comprises non-polarizing electrode, and it places in another PVC shell, and its top is electrode cap, and the bottom is connected with wire.
5. the three-dimensional induced polarization method forward probe of TBM construction tunnel forward direction as claimed in claim 1 apparatus system, it is characterized in that, described video monitoring devices is made of preposition video camera and many window displays, preposition video camera is installed in power supply and the potential electrode cabin, and with illuminating lamp, and picture is transferred to display, and display is installed in the TBM master-control room, and preposition video camera is controlled by controller.
6. the three-dimensional induced polarization method forward probe of TBM construction tunnel forward direction as claimed in claim 1 apparatus system, it is characterized in that, described guarded electrode cabin and delivery apparatus thereof comprise guarded electrode cabin, guarded electrode P, hydraulic pressure delivery apparatus, and divide workplace guarded electrode group and shield guarded electrode group according to the installation site, workplace guarded electrode group is distributed in the outline line border of TBM main body cutterhead, in the location arrangements one of the TBM body front end rear 2-3m shield guarded electrode group of encircling for protection; Guarded electrode P comprises metal electrode, metal electrode places in the PVC shell, the metal electrode top is the rock coupling material, the bottom is connected with wire, guarded electrode is installed in hydraulic pressure delivery apparatus front end, the hydraulic pressure delivery apparatus is installed in the guarded electrode cabin, and the guarded electrode cabin is provided with hatch door, and hatch door opens and closes and controlled by controller.
7. the three-dimensional induced polarization method forward probe of TBM construction tunnel forward direction as claimed in claim 1 apparatus system is characterized in that the transmitting electrode B on the base plate of described TBM body of work face rear and receiving electrode N are apart from TBM workplace 100-150m.
8. forward probe method of utilizing the three-dimensional induced polarization method forward probe of TBM construction tunnel forward direction claimed in claim 1 apparatus system, it is characterized in that, utilize the three-dimensional induced polarization method forward probe of TBM construction tunnel forward direction apparatus system to arrange a circle guarded electrode P at the workplace outline line, arrange a circle guarded electrode at the abutment wall base plate of driving face rear 2-3m, arrange the parallel survey line that many rock coupling integration electrodes form at workplace; Base plate at workplace rear 100-150m is established transmitting electrode and receiving electrode;
With transmitting electrode and guarded electrode infeed electric current in the same way, test respectively the electric potential difference of multilayer rock coupling integration electrode and base plate receiving electrode and when partly declining, and change that size of current is tested the electric potential difference of multilayer rock coupling integration electrode under the different electric currents and base plate receiving electrode and when partly declining; The electric potential difference data that utilization records are carried out inverting, obtain the 3 D resistivity image of workplace front geological body, realize the three-dimensional localization of water content; With record partly decline the time draw the coordinate diagram that concerns of difference data when partly declining and horizontal range, calculate difference and the envelope size of abscissa axis when partly declining, draw out the two-dimensional cross section of envelope size, the estimation of realization workplace the place ahead water yield.
9. the forward probe method of the three-dimensional induced polarization method forward probe of TBM construction tunnel forward direction as claimed in claim 8 apparatus system is characterized in that, each the rock coupling electrodes of A on the workplace is fed positive current I
0, the transmitting electrode B on the base plate feeds negative current-I
0On the workplace outline line and all the guarded electrode P on the country rock of workplace rear feed with workplace on rock coupling electrodes of A positive current in the same way, the rock coupling receiving electrode M on the collecting work face is t with the electric potential difference U between the receiving electrode N on the base plate with when partly declining;
Each bar survey line has gathered according to above-mentioned power supply and measuring method after the data, and each the single rock coupling electrodes of A on the workplace is fed positive current 2I
0, the transmitting electrode B on the base plate is fed negative current-I
0, the step of repeating above said collection data.
10. the forward probe method of the three-dimensional induced polarization method forward probe of TBM construction tunnel forward direction as claimed in claim 8 apparatus system, it is characterized in that, after data acquisition is complete, carry out the 3-d inversion imaging location of water-bearing structure, employing is based on the processing such as least square inverting iteration of Smoothing Constraint, the electric potential difference data U that above-mentioned steps records carries out inverting, obtains the 3 D resistivity image of workplace front geological body, realizes the three-dimensional localization of water content; Data t carried out workplace the place ahead instream flow estimate when employing partly declined, with record in the above-mentioned steps partly decline the time data t, when decline in two and half of size two primary currents when power supply identical point position data do poor, draw respectively the coordinate diagram that concerns of difference data when partly declining and horizontal range, difference when calculating partly declines and the envelope size St of abscissa axis, the linear positive correlation of big or small V according to envelope size St and the water yield, on the occasion of the part be the response of the water yield, by the size of estimating the water yield on the occasion of the area of part, and then realization is to the estimation of the geologic hazard source water yield, utilize the characteristic of the difference when partly declining, distinguish Free water and fetter waetr, difference when namely partly declining on the occasion of the time, reflection be the water yield of free water; When the difference when partly declining is negative value, reflection be the situation that exists of irreducible water.
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| PCT/CN2013/000041 WO2014106308A1 (en) | 2013-01-07 | 2013-01-17 | Advanced detection device, system and method using forward three-dimensional induced polarization for tbm construction tunnel |
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