CN109738964A - Tunnel predictor, development machine and the method for seismic wave and electromagnetic wave joint inversion - Google Patents
Tunnel predictor, development machine and the method for seismic wave and electromagnetic wave joint inversion Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses tunnel predictor, development machine and the methods of a kind of seismic wave and electromagnetic wave joint inversion, including compound wave detector, shock exciting rod, Electromagnetic Launching bar, hub and controller；Shock exciting rod is for sending seismic signal；For sending electromagnetic wave signal, shock exciting rod and Electromagnetic Launching bar pass through the first hub and are connected with controller or shock exciting rod and Electromagnetic Launching bar passes through the first hub respectively, the second hub is connected with controller Electromagnetic Launching bar；The instigation command that controller issues can be transferred to Electromagnetic Launching bar or shock exciting rod；Compound wave detector is synchronous to receive electromagnetic wave signal and seismic signal, and compound wave detector is connected by third hub with the controller, and the signal that compound wave detector receives can be transferred to the controller after gathering at third hub.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the advance geologic prediction directions in Tunnel Engineering, combine more particularly to seismic wave and electromagnetic wave anti-
Tunnel predictor, development machine and the method drilled.
Background technique
With the rapid development of China's traffic technique, China has been that tunneling is largest in the world and difficulty is highest
Country, tunnel construction difficult point are shifted to the karst area of western complicated geology and east over-long span sea region.In tunnel construction,
Engineering geology situation is extremely complex, easily generation tunnel water bursting factor, the engineering project disasters such as landslide, seriously threatened construction personnel with
The safety of property, influences construction speed.Advance geologic prediction is used as and takes the means pair such as physical prospecting on the basis of existing geologic information
Engineering geology and hydrogeologic condition and the engineering properties of unfavorable geologic body, position, occurrence, rule in front of tunnel excavation working face
The method that mould etc. is detected, analyzes interpretation and forecast, the process for being included into tunnel construction implement have " railway tunnel in requirement
Geological Prediction Technology regulation " specifications such as (Q/CR 9217-2015).
The existing main geophysical prospecting method of geological extra-forecast method has seismic wave method, Electromagnetic Wave Method and electrical method etc., all
It is using country rock physical difference, transmitting and reception response signal carry out discrimination, obtain the physical detecting side of front geological bulk properties
Method respectively has advantage and disadvantage.Seismic wave method is more sensitive to the developmental state of joint fissure, and traditional TSP detection method can be visited
The distance of 80m~150m is measured, but property aqueous for country rock can only substantially speculate that front country rock is aqueous without sensitivity enough
Situation and affected by various factors, error is larger.Electromagnetic Wave Method and electrical method are extremely sensitive to the aqueous situation of water content, Neng Gouzhun
The aqueous situation of country rock in front of certainty, but single electrical method and Electromagnetic Wave Method detection to the detection of wall-rock crack developmental state compared with
To be coarse, and such as resistivity CT, induced polarization method implementation is complex, needs to lay interminable survey line, expends a large amount of
Manpower and time.
Especially because development machine (Tunnel Boring Machine, complete-section tunnel boring machine) has driving speed
Fastly, conducive to the advantages that environmentally friendly, comprehensive benefit is high, it can be achieved that the complicated geographical relief deep and long tunnels that traditional drilling and blasting method is difficult to realize
Construction, application case of the existing tunneler construction method in the tunnel engineerings such as Chinese railway, water power, traffic, mine, municipal administration
Example is swift and violent to increase (exploitation of tunneling boring hard rock tunnel development machine [J] Building technology, 2005 (9): 125-125).And it is tunneling
In the construction environment of machine, construction environment is special, and narrow observation space, serious electromagnetic interference, of short duration detection time are all
Constrain traditional advance geologic prediction means.If traditional TSP method requires to take hypocenter of the explosion in tunnel side wall, explosive
Explosion easily generates threat to development machine equipment safety；Traditional transient electromagnetic method is needed to lay measurement on tunnel front and be surveyed
Coil is measured, narrow observation space, which is unable to satisfy transient electromagnetic and lays, before development machine cutterhead requires.
Existing development machine carries advanced geology prediction system, such as BEAM (Bore-Tunnelling of Germany
Electrical Ahead Monitoring) system, detection range is short, and point layout is limited, and observation method is single, positioning
Low precision needs to carry out a degree of transformation to cutterhead, hobboing cutter.The patent of domestic related scholar application is such as suitable for TBM
Portable resistor rate method advanced forecasting system and its method (CN201510868928), TBM construction tunnel before to three-dimensional excite
Polarization hair forward probe apparatus system and method (CN201310005132), rock tunnel(ling) machine broken rock focus 3-D seismics are visited in advance
Surveying device and method (CN201510106373) etc. is all single development machine Tunnel prediction method, or can only emphasis detection enclose
Rock fractured situation or can only emphasis detect the aqueous situation of country rock, and method requires to be transformed the cutterhead of development machine,
Easy damaged, and destroy the leakproofness of cutterhead.In a kind of rock tunnel(ling) machine active source 3-D seismics advance geology exploration device and
The method that method (CN201510106173) is excited using wave detector contact with hole wall coupling, controlled source in hole wall, not
Consider influence of the plastic zone of surrounding rock to seimic wave propagation nearby of hole wall, detection accuracy is low, coincide with practical country rock situation of not excavating
It is poor to spend.A kind of tunnel detecting water by pilot hole method and system (CN201510271709) based on multifrequency conductance can not for cutterhead into
Row transformation, but its method is single, can only emphasis detect the aqueous situation of country rock, and manual mode of operation does not adapt to development machine tunnel
In construction requirement.
Seismic wave method can satisfy the acquisition to crack information, and Electromagnetic Wave Method such as conductivity method etc. can satisfy to aqueous
The acquisition of information, and two kinds of detection mode detection ranges can reach the long range detection length of 100m, two kinds of detection modes
Detection means have certain place that communicates that can merge, and meet the detection requirement of tunnel geological forecast.
Therefore, crack and aqueous situation can be obtained simultaneously, can obtain more accurate country rock hydrogeological information, is more efficient
Rate more high precision and can meet simultaneously drilling and blasting method and tunneler construction advance geologic prediction requirement Preceding geology predictor and
Method urgently occurs.
Summary of the invention
In order to overcome the prior art that can not obtain crack and aqueous situation simultaneously, crack and aqueous situation can not be combined and sentenced
More accurate country rock hydrogeological information, efficiency are not obtained and accuracy is lower, common forecasting procedure is not suitable for tunneler construction
And the deficiency of be transformed to cutterhead etc. is needed, the present invention provides seismic waves and the tunnel of electromagnetic wave joint inversion to forecast
Device, development machine and method.
First invention purpose of the invention is to provide the tunnel predictor of a kind of seismic wave and electromagnetic wave joint inversion, should
Two methods of seismic wave method and Electromagnetic Wave Method are combined together by device, them integrated can be realized in drill+blast tunnel or pick
Advance geologic prediction detection into machine driving tunnel, it is disposable to obtain crack situation and aqueous situation in front of tunnel, and be not required to
Cutterhead is transformed.
Second goal of the invention of the invention is to provide a kind of tunnel equipped with seismic wave and electromagnetic wave joint inversion and applies to install in advance
The development machine set mainly applies tunnel predictor on development machine.
Third goal of the invention of the invention is to provide a kind of to be applied to install in advance using seismic wave and the tunnel of electromagnetic wave joint inversion
The method forecast is set, two kinds of detection results are carried out joint inversion, print cranny development mutually with aqueous situation by this method
Card, to fully understand, whether there is or not cavity and aqueous cracks, aqueous hole in front of tunnel, and can obtain water source, flow path and water
Size information is flowed, in conjunction with other geologic surveys as a result, the parameters such as estimation hydraulic pressure, obtain comprehensive hydrogeological information, effectively comment
Landslide or size a possibility that water bursting disaster occurs in it to valence, improves accuracy of the forecast, for tunnel safety driving and further
It is convenient that hazard forecasting early warning and improvement provide.
In order to achieve the above object, the present invention takes following scheme:
The tunnel predictor of seismic wave and electromagnetic wave joint inversion, including compound wave detector, shock exciting rod, Electromagnetic Launching
Bar, hub and controller；
The shock exciting rod is for sending seismic signal；The Electromagnetic Launching bar is for sending electromagnetic wave signal, institute
The shock exciting rod and Electromagnetic Launching bar stated pass through the first hub and are connected with controller or the shock exciting rod and Electromagnetic Launching
Bar passes through the first hub respectively, the second hub is connected with controller；The instigation command that the controller issues can pass
It is defeated to arrive Electromagnetic Launching bar or shock exciting rod；
The compound wave detector is synchronous to receive electromagnetic wave signal and seismic signal, and compound wave detector passes through third line concentration
Device is connected with the controller, and the signal that compound wave detector receives can be transferred to described after gathering at third hub
Controller.
It further include a side wall hole drills as further technical solution, the side wall hole drills are used for
It drills on tunnel lateral direction side wall.
As further technical solution, the drilling along the symmetrical horizontal distribution of tunnel axis, the axis in hole perpendicular to
Four receiver holes and a launch hole are at least arranged in tunnel axis, every side.Symmetrical horizontal array is laid mode and be can be improved pair
Useful signal in front of the shielding of tunnel internal instrument interference signal, the interference for reducing hole week signal and reinforcement tunnel front, foot
The reception of enough amounts and excitation hole guarantee the detection effect of signal.
As further technical solution, hole depth guarantee penetrates country rock side wall plastic zone, collect meet it is original
The information of country rock situation, and wave detector is made easily to be inserted into bottom hole coupling；
It is described often to flank the laying of batter proportional spacing, and make spacing not less than 0.5m, so that have can for the signal received
Recognize difference；The batter and transmitting pitch of holes of often flanking is not less than 1m；Every side launch hole makes spacing not if more than 1
Lower than 1m, to improve the identification of transmitting signal.
As further technical solution, the setting drilling protective case in drilling, with protect compound wave detector, shock exciting rod and
Safety when Electromagnetic Launching bar deeply drills prevents compound wave detector, shock exciting rod or Electromagnetic Launching bar from can not return because of collapse hole obstruction
It receives.
As further technical solution, the drilling protective case is hollow thin matter pvc pipe, low cost and is had good
Hardness；The drilling protective case outside diameter guarantees deeply and is close to the wall of a borehole；The drilling protective case length, which is less than, bores
Hole depth guarantees subsequent compound wave detector, shock exciting rod and Electromagnetic Launching bar energy exposure and couples with receiver hole hole wall.
As further technical solution, the compound wave detector is the reception device of signal.The compound wave detector
Interior forward end is laid with seismic wave sensors and electromagnetic sensor simultaneously, realizes pair to seismic signal and electromagnetic wave signal
Reclosing is received, and has rope socket to facilitate the transmission of signal.
As further technical solution, the shock exciting rod is the emitter that impulses of seismic signal.Further
, the shock exciting rod is packaged with vibration exciter, broad-band teleseismic wave needed for capable of exciting seismic survey.The shock exciting rod has cable to insert
Mouthful, facilitate shock exciting rod to carry out signal transmission by cable and controller.
As further technical solution, the Electromagnetic Launching bar is the transmitting source device of electromagnetic signal.Further
, the Electromagnetic Launching bar is packaged with electromagnetism excitation device, wide band electromagnetic wave needed for capable of emitting Electromagnetic Wave Method detection.The electricity
Magnetic launch rod has rope socket, and convenient electromagnetic launch rod carries out signal transmission by cable and controller.
The present invention also provides a kind of seismic wave and the tunnel of electromagnetic wave joint inversion forecast development machine, including front are any
The tunnel predictor of the seismic wave and electromagnetic wave joint inversion, wherein the advanced drilling machine carried using development machine is as side
Wall hole drills drill, and the compound wave detector is installed on development machine front end of rack two sides, the shock exciting rod, electromagnetism
Launch rod is mounted on compound wave detector rear, development machine rack two sides；The hub and controller is detachable, is placed on pick
Into in machine rack space.
The tunnel forecasting procedure of seismic wave and electromagnetic wave joint inversion, includes the following steps:
1) using side wall hole drills tunnel lateral direction side wall punch, it is desirable that the hole as required depth and spacing along tunnel
Axisymmetrical horizontal distribution, for the axis in hole perpendicular to tunnel axis, four receiver holes and a launch hole are at least arranged in every side；Institute
It states hole depth guarantee and penetrates country rock side wall plastic zone, collect the information for meeting original country rock situation, and be inserted into wave detector easily
Bottom hole coupling；The pitch of holes guarantees the transmitting and reception that do not influence signal；
2) drilling protective case is goed deep into each drilling after punching, carries out anti-collapse hole protection, the protective case outermost end that drills and tunnel
Road side wall surface is concordant；
3) compound wave detector is put into each receiver hole, top to receiver hole bottom hole is coupled with receiver hole hole wall；
4) shock exciting rod is inserted into launch hole, is contacted with launch hole bottom, and it is made to contact coupling with launch hole hole wall；
5) compound wave detector is connected with third hub, shock exciting rod is connected with the first hub, the first hub and
Three hubs are connected with controller respectively；
6) controller is opened, the seismic wave method acquisition software in capture program is run, controls each shock exciting rod and successively send ground
Seismic wave signal, and make compound wave detector is synchronous to receive seismic signal, seismic signal is stored in controller；Until all
Vibration exciter, which has impulsed, to be finished and completes to receive accordingly, store；
7) cable for disconnecting the first hub and shock exciting rod connects, and takes out shock exciting rod, replaces Electromagnetic Launching bar, Electromagnetic Launching
Bar is connected with first hub or is connected with the second hub, by Electromagnetic Launching bar insertion launch hole and launch hole bottom
Portion's contact, and it is made to contact coupling with launch hole hole wall；
8) the Electromagnetic Wave Method acquisition software in capture program is run, each Electromagnetic Launching bar is controlled and successively sends electromagnetic wave letter
Number, and make compound wave detector is synchronous to receive electromagnetic wave signal, electromagnetic wave signal is stored in controller.Until all electromagnetism are sent out
Penetrate bar excited finish and complete accordingly receive, storage；
9) processing for carrying out data, is separately operable the processing software of seismic wave method and Electromagnetic Wave Method on the controller, obtains
The fractured situation and aqueous situation of country rock in front of tunnel front；
10) the joint inversion analysis software of operation seismic wave method and Electromagnetic Wave Method, progress seismic wave method and Electromagnetic Wave Method
Joint inversion parsing, using fractured situation, aqueous situation and earlier tunnel geology survey information, using theoretical calculation, comprehensive
Closing the methods of analysis judgement front, whether there is or not cavity and aqueous cracks, aqueous hole, obtain water source, flow path and water flow size letter
Breath utilizes size a possibility that the evaluation methods evaluation and forecas such as method of comparative analysis, empirical analysis method generation landslide or water bursting disaster.
Compared with prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are:
1) present invention can meet the construction environment in drill+blast tunnel and tunneler construction tunnel simultaneously, overcome existing earthquake
Wave method and Electromagnetic Wave Method be not suitable with tunneler construction tunnel problem and existing most development machine method for forecasting advanced geology needs
Drilling is set in the tunnel-side of development machine main frame position by the shortcomings that cutterhead is transformed, and is made full use of in the middle part of development machine
Open spaces complete the accurately detecting of seismic wave method and Electromagnetic Wave Method.
2) the shortcomings that present invention overcomes existing tunnel method for forecasting advanced geology that can not obtain crack and aqueous situation simultaneously,
A set of equipment completes the acquisition and processing of two methods, can obtain crack and aqueous situation simultaneously.
3) present invention overcomes existing tunnel method for forecasting advanced geology that can not combine crack and aqueous situation and differentiates acquisition
The shortcomings that more accurate country rock hydrogeological information, proposes the joint inversion analysis of seismic wave method and Electromagnetic Wave Method, first respectively
To the inversion result of seismic wave method and Electromagnetic Wave Method, judgement parsing is carried out using the methods of theoretical calculation, comprehensive analysis, using pair
Evaluation and foreca is carried out than the methods of analytic approach, empirical analysis method.
4) present invention improves existing tunnel forecast precision, does not use only array acquisition means and improves signal-to-noise ratio, setting
Porous excitation and reception reduce the transmitting of signal and receive error, and using the joint inversion discrimination mould of two types method
Formula, more precisely judges tunnel surrounding developmental state, and the innovation of processing method makes the matter of working effect generation 1+1 > 2 of two methods
Become.
5) present invention keeps existing tunnel forecast more efficient.In tunnel piercing, the time is exactly the output value, existing two lists
The superposition use of one forecasting procedure makes to expend time 1+1 > 2, and each have their own preparation of existing forecasting procedure, cumbersome lengthy and jumbled, difficult
To coordinate.The present invention is not the superposition of single forecasting procedure but merges, when the fusion in two methods working method makes work
Between generate the changes of 1+1 < 2, increase substantially working efficiency, adapt to existing tunnel requirement of engineering.
Detailed description of the invention
The accompanying drawings constituting a part of this application is used to provide further understanding of the present application, and the application's shows
Meaning property embodiment and its explanation are not constituted an undue limitation on the present application for explaining the application.
Syntagmatic, relative size do not represent actual size to Detailed description of the invention from each other, only do the expression of position signal.
Fig. 1 is the syntagmatic schematic diagram in receiver hole of the invention.
Fig. 2 is the syntagmatic schematic diagram that excitation hole of the invention includes shock exciting rod.
Fig. 3 is the syntagmatic schematic diagram that excitation hole of the invention includes Electromagnetic Launching bar.
Fig. 4 is cable connection schematic diagram and certain sizing specifications in tunnel of the invention.
Fig. 5 is the installation procedure schematic diagram of apparatus of the present invention and method entirety.
Fig. 6 is the internal data processing procedure flow chart of apparatus of the present invention and method.
Fig. 7 is that apparatus of the present invention and a kind of of method use schematic diagram in development machine driving tunnel.
Wherein: 1, tunnel surrounding, 2, tunnel-side, 3, receiver hole, 4, launch hole, 5, drilling protective case, 6, compound detection
Device, 7, shock exciting rod, 8, Electromagnetic Launching bar, 9, cable, 10, tunnel front, 11, hub, 12, host computer, 13, development machine
Cutterhead, 14, development machine main frame (development machine mid portion), 15, driving drive end unit.
Specific embodiment
It is noted that following detailed description is all illustrative, it is intended to provide further instruction to the application.Unless another
It indicates, all technical and scientific terms used in this application have logical with the application person of an ordinary skill in the technical field
The identical meanings understood.
It should be noted that term used herein above is merely to describe specific embodiment, and be not intended to restricted root
According to the illustrative embodiments of the application.As used herein, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise, otherwise singular
Also it is intended to include plural form, additionally, it should be understood that, when in the present specification using term "comprising" and/or " packet
Include " when, indicate existing characteristics, step, operation, device, component and/or their combination.
As background technique is introduced, exists in the prior art that cutterhead 13 can not be transformed and meet development machine
Construction advance geologic prediction requires, can not obtain crack and aqueous situation simultaneously, can not obtain more accurate country rock hydrogeology letter
Breath, without higher efficiency more high accuracy method for forecasting advanced geology the deficiencies of, in order to solve technical problem as above, this Shen
It please propose tunnel predictor, development machine and the method for seismic wave and electromagnetic wave joint inversion.
Embodiment 1
A kind of special embodiment of the application is applied in tunneler construction.It should be pointed out that in the application
Development machine is the development machine concept of broad sense, including tunneling boring hard rock mole (i.e. the TBM of narrow sense) and shield machine in the narrow sense.Such as
Shown in Fig. 1-Fig. 3, for the receiver hole in the present invention or the scheme of installation of each component in excitation hole；It is bored in tunnel surrounding 1
Receiver hole 3 and launch hole 4 is arranged in hole, and compound wave detector 6 is mounted in receiver hole 3 to be connected with the cable 9 of tail portion, shock exciting rod 7 or
Electromagnetic Launching bar 8 is mounted in launch hole 4 to be connected with the cable 9 of tail portion.
The device of use it is specific as shown in figure 4, seismic wave and electromagnetic wave joint inversion tunnel predictor, including side
Wall hole drills, drilling protective case 5, compound wave detector 6, shock exciting rod 7, Electromagnetic Launching bar 8, cable 9, hub 11 and computer master
Machine 12 and software.
Compound wave detector 6 is connected by the cable 9 with hub 11, which is connected with host computer 12, protects
Host can be transferred to by demonstrate,proving after the signal that compound wave detector 6 receives is gathered at hub 11；
Shock exciting rod 7 is connect by the cable 9 with another hub 11, which is connect with host computer 12, is protected
The instigation command that card host computer 12 issues can be transferred in shock exciting rod 7；
Electromagnetic Launching bar 8 is connect by the cable 9 with another hub 11, which is connected with host computer 12
It connects, the instigation command for guaranteeing that host computer 12 issues can be transferred in Electromagnetic Launching bar 8.
In the above-mentioned technical solutions, shock exciting rod 7 and Electromagnetic Launching bar 8 can also share a hub 11, because having
When body is tested, shock exciting rod 7 and Electromagnetic Launching bar 8 are to be put into drilling at times, therefore shock exciting rod 7 and Electromagnetic Launching bar 8
A hub 11 can also be shared.
As shown in fig. 7, the advanced drilling machine that the side wall hole drills can be carried using development machine, the rack in the middle part of development machine
14 open spaces carry out the drilling of tunnel-side 2, carry out corresponding advance geologic prediction.The compound wave detector 6 is tunneling
14 front end two sides of machine rack, the shock exciting rod 7, Electromagnetic Launching bar 8 are at compound 6 rear of wave detector, development machine rack two sides.Institute
Cable 9, hub 11 and the host computer 12 stated are detachable, are placed in development machine rack space.
The side wall hole drills can be realized punching of the drilling machine in lateral sidewalls 2, and the hole is along tunnel axis pair
Claim horizontal distribution, perpendicular to tunnel axis, every side is no less than four receiver holes 3 and no less than a launch hole 4, symmetrical horizontal
Array lays mode and can be improved the shielding to tunnel internal instrument interference signal, reduces the interference of hole week signal and reinforce tunnel
10 front useful signal of working face, sufficient amount of reception and excitation hole 7 guarantee the detection effect of signal；The hole depth is
1.5m~2.0m collects the information for meeting original 1 situation of country rock, and make detection to guarantee to penetrate 1 side wall of country rock, 2 plastic zone
Device is easily inserted into bottom hole coupling；It is described often to flank the laying of 3 proportional spacing of batter, and make spacing not less than 0.5m, so as to receive
Signal have can recognize difference；Batter 3 and 4 spacing of launch hole of often flanking is not less than 1m；Every side launch hole 4 if more than
1, spacing is made to be no less than 1m, to improve the identification of transmitting signal.
The drilling protective case 5 is hollow thin matter pvc pipe, low cost and has good hardness, to protect compound inspection
Safety when wave device 6, shock exciting rod 7 and Electromagnetic Launching bar 8 deeply drill prevents compound wave detector 6, shock exciting rod 7 or Electromagnetic Launching
Bar 8 can not be recycled because of collapse hole obstruction.Further, 5 outside diameter of drilling protective case is less than bore diameter 1mm~2mm, with
Guarantee deeply and is close to the wall of a borehole.5 length of drilling protective case is less than drilling depth 16cm~22cm, subsequent to guarantee
Compound wave detector 6, shock exciting rod 7 and the 8 energy exposure of Electromagnetic Launching bar are simultaneously coupled with borehole wall.
The compound wave detector 6 is the reception device of signal.Further, 6 interior forward end of compound wave detector is same
When be laid with seismic wave sensors and electromagnetic sensor, realize the dual reception to seismic signal and electromagnetic wave signal, have
9 socket of cable facilitates the transmission of signal.6 active length of compound wave detector is 2m, guarantees to go deep into 3 bottom of receiver hole simultaneously
It is coupled with 3 wall of receiver hole.
The shock exciting rod 7 is the emitter that impulses of seismic signal.Further, the shock exciting rod 7 is packaged with sharp
Shake device, broad-band teleseismic wave needed for seismic survey can be excited.The shock exciting rod 7 has 9 socket of cable, and shock exciting rod is facilitated to pass through cable
Line 9 and host computer 12 carry out signal transmission.7 active length of shock exciting rod is 2m, guarantees to go deep into 4 bottom hole of launch hole,
It is bonded with 4 hole wall of launch hole.
The Electromagnetic Launching bar 8 is the transmitting source device of electromagnetic signal.Further, the Electromagnetic Launching bar 8 encapsulates
There is electromagnetism excitation device, wide band electromagnetic wave needed for Electromagnetic Wave Method detection can be emitted.The Electromagnetic Launching bar 8 has 9 socket of cable,
Convenient electromagnetic launch rod carries out signal transmission by cable 9 and host computer 12.8 active length of Electromagnetic Launching bar is 2m,
Guarantee to go deep into 4 bottom hole of launch hole, be bonded with 4 hole wall of launch hole.
The cable 9 is transmission signal vector, plays compound wave detector 6 and host computer 12 or shock exciting rod 7 and electricity
Signal connection between magnetic launch rod 8 and host computer 12.Further, the cable 9 is not limited to solid cable 9, increases
Wireless device can make compound wave detector 6 and host is detached from solid cable 9 and hub 11 realizes wireless transmission.
The hub 11 is the integrating device (Hub) of common signal, plays the role of the integrated transmission of signal, prevents
Only because end attachment excessively caused by cable 9 lay complexity, and optimize signal attribute, reduce the distortion of signal.Further, multiple
Close wave detector 6 cable 9 be connected to the hub 11, after be connected on host computer 12；Multiple shock exciting rods 7 or electromagnetism hair
Penetrate bar 8 and be also connected to another hub 11, after be connected to host computer 12.
The host computer 12 is the acquisition and processing unit of signal, can send order and signal to signal is sent
Acquisition can store the signal received, can signal be analyzed and be interpreted, and be to carry out joint inversion meter
The tool device of calculation.Further, the host computer 12 has interface that can dock two hubs 11, inside there is software control letter
Number excitation, reception and acquisition, and carry out signal processing, interpretation.The software includes seismic wave acquisition and processing software, electricity
The joint inversion analysis software of magnetic wave method acquisition and processing software, seismic wave method and Electromagnetic Wave Method.
As shown in Figure 5 and Figure 6, it is forecast using the seismic wave disclosed in embodiment 1 and the tunnel of electromagnetic wave joint inversion
The method that device is forecast, includes the following steps:
1) it is punched using side wall hole drills in tunnel lateral direction side wall 2, it is desirable that symmetrical horizontal point along tunnel axis of the hole
Cloth, perpendicular to tunnel axis, every side is no less than four receiver holes 3 and no less than a launch hole 4；The hole depth is no less than
1.5m is not more than 2m；It is described often to flank the laying of 3 proportional spacing of batter, and make spacing not less than 0.5m；It is described often to flank batter 3
It is not less than 1m with 4 spacing of launch hole；Every side launch hole 4 makes spacing be no less than 1m if more than 1；
2) drilling protective case 5 is goed deep into each drilling after punching, carries out anti-collapse hole protection.Drill 5 outermost end of protective case with
2 face of tunnel-side is concordant；
3) compound wave detector 6 is put into each receiver hole 3, top to 3 bottom hole of receiver hole is coupled with 3 hole wall of receiver hole；
4) shock exciting rod 7 is inserted into launch hole 4 to contact with 4 bottom of launch hole, and it is made to contact coupling with 4 hole wall of launch hole；
5) each section is connected with cable 9.It specifically include compound wave detector 6 and hub 11, shock exciting rod 7 and another
One hub, 11, two hubs 11 and host computer 12；
6) host computer 12 is opened, the seismic wave method acquisition software in capture program is run, controls each vibration exciter and successively send out
Seismic signal is sent, and makes compound wave detector 6 is synchronous to receive seismic signal, seismic signal is stored in host computer 12
In.It finishes and completes to receive accordingly, store until all vibration exciters have impulsed；
7) it disconnects hub 11 to connect with the cable 9 of shock exciting rod 7, takes out shock exciting rod 7, Electromagnetic Launching bar 8 is replaced, with disconnection
Hub 11 afterwards is connected；Electromagnetic Launching bar 8 is inserted into launch hole 4 to contact with 4 bottom of launch hole, and makes itself and 4 hole of launch hole
Wall contact coupling.In this step, Electromagnetic Launching bar 8 can also be connected with another hub 11, i.e. shock exciting rod 7 and electromagnetism
Launch rod 8 respectively individually connects a hub 11；
8) the Electromagnetic Wave Method acquisition software in capture program is run, each Electromagnetic Launching bar 8 is controlled and successively sends electromagnetic wave letter
Number, and make compound wave detector 6 is synchronous to receive electromagnetic wave signal, electromagnetic wave signal is stored in host computer 12.Until all
Electromagnetic Launching bar 8, which has excited, to be finished and completes to receive accordingly, store；
9) disassembly & recycling all devices, including the connection of all cables 9, cable 9, compound wave detector 6, shock exciting rod 7, electromagnetism hair
Bar 8, hub 11 and host computer 12 are penetrated, drilling protective case 5 is that disposable products can be retained in hole；
10) processing for carrying out data, is separately operable the processing software of seismic wave method and Electromagnetic Wave Method on host computer 12,
Obtain the fractured situation and aqueous situation of 10 front country rock 1 of tunnel front.
11) the joint inversion analysis software of operation seismic wave method and Electromagnetic Wave Method, progress seismic wave method and Electromagnetic Wave Method
Joint inversion parsing, using fractured situation, aqueous situation and earlier tunnel geology survey information, using theoretical calculation, comprehensive
Closing the methods of analysis judgement front, whether there is or not cavity and aqueous cracks, aqueous hole, obtain water source, flow path and water flow size letter
Breath utilizes size a possibility that the evaluation methods evaluation and forecas such as method of comparative analysis, empirical analysis method generation landslide or water bursting disaster.
Compared with prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are:
1) present invention overcomes the problems, such as that existing seismic wave method and Electromagnetic Wave Method are not suitable with tunneler construction tunnel and existing more
The shortcomings that number development machine method for forecasting advanced geology needs to be transformed cutterhead 13, is set to 14 position of development machine main frame for drilling
Tunnel-side 2 on, make full use of 14 open spaces in the middle part of development machine, complete the accurately detecting of seismic wave method and Electromagnetic Wave Method.
2) the shortcomings that present invention overcomes existing tunnel method for forecasting advanced geology that can not obtain crack and aqueous situation simultaneously,
A set of equipment completes the acquisition and processing of two methods, can obtain crack and aqueous situation simultaneously.
3) present invention overcomes existing tunnel method for forecasting advanced geology that can not combine crack and aqueous situation and differentiates acquisition
The shortcomings that more accurate 1 hydrogeological information of country rock, proposes the joint inversion analysis of seismic wave method and Electromagnetic Wave Method, first respectively
To the inversion result of seismic wave method and Electromagnetic Wave Method, judgement parsing is carried out using the methods of theoretical calculation, comprehensive analysis, using pair
Evaluation and foreca is carried out than the methods of analytic approach, empirical analysis method.
4) present invention improves existing tunnel forecast precision, does not use only array acquisition means and improves signal-to-noise ratio, setting
Porous excitation and reception reduce the transmitting of signal and receive error, and using the joint inversion discrimination mould of two types method
Formula, more precisely judges 1 developmental state of tunnel surrounding, and the innovation of processing method makes the working effect of two methods generate 1+1 > 2
Qualitative change.
5) present invention keeps existing tunnel forecast more efficient.In tunnel piercing, the time is exactly the output value, existing two lists
The superposition use of one forecasting procedure makes to expend time 1+1 > 2, and each have their own preparation of existing forecasting procedure, cumbersome lengthy and jumbled, difficult
To coordinate.The present invention is not the superposition of single forecasting procedure but merges, when the fusion in two methods working method makes work
Between generate the changes of 1+1 < 2, increase substantially working efficiency, adapt to existing tunnel requirement of engineering.
The foregoing is merely preferred embodiment of the present application, are not intended to limit this application, for the skill of this field
For art personnel, various changes and changes are possible in this application.Within the spirit and principles of this application, made any to repair
Change, equivalent replacement, improvement etc., should be included within the scope of protection of this application.
Claims (10)
1. the tunnel predictor of seismic wave and electromagnetic wave joint inversion, which is characterized in that including compound wave detector, shock exciting rod,
Electromagnetic Launching bar, hub and controller；
The shock exciting rod is for sending seismic signal；The Electromagnetic Launching bar is described for sending electromagnetic wave signal
Shock exciting rod and Electromagnetic Launching bar pass through the first hub and are connected with controller or the shock exciting rod and Electromagnetic Launching bar point
Not Tong Guo the first hub, the second hub be connected with controller；The instigation command that the controller issues can be transferred to
Electromagnetic Launching bar or shock exciting rod；
The compound wave detector is synchronous to receive electromagnetic wave signal and seismic signal, compound wave detector by third hub with
The controller is connected, and the signal that compound wave detector receives can be transferred to the control after gathering at third hub
Device processed.
2. the tunnel predictor of seismic wave as described in claim 1 and electromagnetic wave joint inversion, which is characterized in that further include
One side wall hole drills, the side wall hole drills on tunnel lateral direction side wall for drilling.
3. the tunnel predictor of seismic wave as claimed in claim 2 and electromagnetic wave joint inversion, which is characterized in that described
Drilling is along the symmetrical horizontal distribution of tunnel axis, and for the axis in hole perpendicular to tunnel axis, four receiver holes and one is at least arranged in every side
A launch hole；The hole depth guarantee penetrates country rock side wall plastic zone, collects the information for meeting original country rock situation, and make to examine
Wave device is easily inserted into bottom hole coupling；The pitch of holes guarantees the transmitting and reception that do not influence signal.
4. the tunnel predictor of seismic wave as claimed in claim 2 and electromagnetic wave joint inversion, which is characterized in that described
Drilling in setting drilling protective case.
5. the tunnel predictor of seismic wave as claimed in claim 4 and electromagnetic wave joint inversion, which is characterized in that described
Drilling protective case is hollow thin matter pvc pipe；The drilling protective case outside diameter will guarantee deeply and be close to drill；It is described
Drilling protective case length guarantees subsequent compound wave detector, shock exciting rod and Electromagnetic Launching bar energy exposure and couples with receiver hole hole wall.
6. the tunnel predictor of seismic wave as described in claim 1 and electromagnetic wave joint inversion, which is characterized in that described multiple
It closes wave detector interior forward end and is laid with seismic wave sensors and electromagnetic sensor simultaneously, realize to seismic signal and electromagnetic wave
The dual reception of signal, has rope socket to facilitate the transmission of signal.
7. the tunnel predictor of seismic wave as described in claim 1 and electromagnetic wave joint inversion, which is characterized in that described to swash
Shake bar is packaged with vibration exciter, broad-band teleseismic wave needed for capable of exciting seismic survey.The shock exciting rod has rope socket, convenient to swash
It shakes bar and signal transmission is carried out by cable and controller.
8. the tunnel predictor of seismic wave as described in claim 1 and electromagnetic wave joint inversion, which is characterized in that the electricity
Magnetic launch rod is packaged with electromagnetism excitation device, wide band electromagnetic wave needed for capable of emitting Electromagnetic Wave Method detection.The Electromagnetic Launching bar
There is rope socket, convenient electromagnetic launch rod carries out signal transmission by cable and controller.
9. a kind of seismic wave and the tunnel of electromagnetic wave joint inversion forecast development machine, which is characterized in that appoint including claim 1-8
The tunnel predictor of seismic wave described in one and electromagnetic wave joint inversion, wherein using development machine carry advanced drilling machine as
Side wall hole drills drill；The compound wave detector is installed on development machine front end of rack two sides, the shock exciting rod, electricity
Magnetic launch rod is mounted on compound wave detector rear, development machine rack two sides, and the hub and controller are detachable, are placed on
In development machine rack space.
10. carrying out tunnel using the tunnel predictor of claim the 1-8 any seismic wave and electromagnetic wave joint inversion
The method of advance geologic prediction, which comprises the steps of:
1) it is punched using side wall hole drills in tunnel lateral direction side wall, it is desirable that the hole is along the symmetrical horizontal distribution of tunnel axis, hole
Axis perpendicular to tunnel axis, four receiver holes and a launch hole are at least arranged in every side；The hole depth guarantee, which penetrates, encloses
Rock side wall plastic zone, collects the information for meeting original country rock situation, and wave detector is made easily to be inserted into bottom hole coupling；The pitch of holes
Guarantee the transmitting and reception that do not influence signal；
2) drilling protective case is goed deep into each drilling after punching, carries out anti-collapse hole protection, drilling protective case outermost end and tunnel side
Wall surface is concordant；
3) compound wave detector is put into each receiver hole, top to receiver hole bottom hole is coupled with receiver hole hole wall；
4) shock exciting rod insertion launch hole is contacted with launch hole bottom, and it is made to contact coupling with launch hole hole wall；
5) compound wave detector is connected with third hub, shock exciting rod is connected with the first hub, the first hub and third collection
Line device is connected with controller respectively；
6) controller is opened, the seismic wave method acquisition software in capture program is run, controls each shock exciting rod and successively send seismic wave
Signal, and make compound wave detector is synchronous to receive seismic signal, seismic signal is stored in controller；It impulses until all
Device, which has impulsed, to be finished and completes to receive accordingly, store；
7) cable for disconnecting the first hub and shock exciting rod connects, and takes out shock exciting rod, replaces Electromagnetic Launching bar, Electromagnetic Launching bar with
First hub is connected or is connected with the second hub, and Electromagnetic Launching bar insertion launch hole is connect with launch hole bottom
Touching, and it is made to contact coupling with launch hole hole wall；
8) the Electromagnetic Wave Method acquisition software in capture program is run, each Electromagnetic Launching bar is controlled and successively sends electromagnetic wave signal, and
Make compound wave detector is synchronous to receive electromagnetic wave signal, electromagnetic wave signal is stored in controller.Until all Electromagnetic Launching bars
It has excited and has finished and complete to receive accordingly, store；
9) processing for carrying out data, is separately operable the processing software of seismic wave method and Electromagnetic Wave Method on the controller, obtains tunnel
The fractured situation and aqueous situation of country rock in front of working face；
10) the joint inversion analysis software for running seismic wave method and Electromagnetic Wave Method, carries out the joint of seismic wave method and Electromagnetic Wave Method
Inversion analysis judges front whether there is or not cavity and contains using fractured situation, aqueous situation and earlier tunnel geology survey information
Water crack gap, aqueous hole, acquisition water source, flow path and water flow size information, evaluation and foreca generation landslide or water bursting disaster
Possibility size.
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