CN115875040A - Method for judging boundary of goaf of driving face - Google Patents
Method for judging boundary of goaf of driving face Download PDFInfo
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- CN115875040A CN115875040A CN202310073696.XA CN202310073696A CN115875040A CN 115875040 A CN115875040 A CN 115875040A CN 202310073696 A CN202310073696 A CN 202310073696A CN 115875040 A CN115875040 A CN 115875040A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method for judging a boundary of a goaf encountered on a tunneling working face, which comprises the following steps: detecting the distribution form of a goaf with the advance of 30m by adopting a transient electromagnetic method; selecting a drilling path according to the probing result; arranging drill holes, drilling a goaf, stopping drilling when the goaf is found, and returning; and (3) extending the high-precision scanning probe into the goaf through a drilling hole to perform scanning identification, and obtaining the boundary of the goaf. The invention adopts a geophysical prospecting and drilling method, integrates the advantages of the geophysical prospecting and drilling method, provides guidance for the drilling path of drilling, and avoids the occurrence of drilling sticking and drilling dropping accidents when drilling to a rock crushing area; meanwhile, the target drilling area is optimized through the cooperation of geophysical prospecting and drilling, and the exploration efficiency is improved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of recovery of residual coal resources in a goaf, and particularly relates to a goaf boundary judgment method for a driving face.
Background
A goaf is a "cavity" below the surface of the earth that is created by artificial excavation during mining activities. The existence of the goaf causes great safety problems to construction and operation of various projects. The small ores partially integrated in the mine integration process are insufficiently mined due to backward mining technology and form a plurality of goafs difficult to explore, resources are left in the goafs to be mined, a roadway needs to be tunneled, and exploration is carried out in the tunneling process.
The first method is to detect the goaf through large-scale geological detection equipment, but because the position of the goaf cannot be predicted and the weight of the large-scale equipment is very large, once the large-scale equipment is arranged in the range of the goaf, geological collapse is easily caused, and the risk that workers and the equipment fall into the goaf exists. The second is to establish a ground pressure monitoring net to effectively monitor ground pressure for a long time, and under normal conditions, the period for establishing the ground pressure monitoring net is too long, and the ground pressure monitoring net cannot accurately monitor a smaller goaf due to the fact that the goaf is large or small, and the accuracy is low. The third is a geophysical method, which measures the goaf indirectly by measuring the distribution of the formation resistivity (high density electrical method) or dielectric constant (ground radar). The resistivity method is a volume effect, has the problem of low spatial resolution, and the detection depth of the radar is shallow, so that the accuracy of the detection result is low.
Disclosure of Invention
Based on the defects of the prior art, the invention aims to provide the method for judging the boundary of the goaf on the tunneling working face, which is simple, efficient and accurate and can accurately judge the boundary of the goaf in the tunneling process of various complex roadways and the tunneling process of the working face.
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention is realized by the following technical scheme: the invention provides a method for judging a boundary of a tunneling working face meeting a dead zone, which comprises the following steps of:
s1, exploring the distribution form of a goaf 30m ahead by adopting a transient electromagnetic method;
s2, selecting a drilling path according to the probing result; arranging drill holes, drilling a goaf, stopping drilling when the goaf is found, and returning;
and S3, extending the high-precision scanning probe into the goaf through the drill hole to perform scanning identification, and obtaining the boundary of the goaf.
Optionally, the step S1 includes: the transient electromagnetic method exploration adopts a central loop device, and detection measuring points are arranged on the head of a working face.
Further, three measuring lines of 30 degrees above a top plate in front of the roadway, 30 degrees below a bottom plate in front of the roadway and the tunneling direction of the roadway on the same layer are jointly arranged through advanced exploration by a transient electromagnetic method.
Furthermore, 11 physical measuring points are respectively arranged on the top plate, the bedding roadway and the bottom plate, the angle is expanded from left 50 degrees to right 50 degrees, one physical measuring point is placed at an angle interval of 10 degrees, and 33 data acquisition points are completed.
Further, the detected range is a sector area, and each physical measuring point has data of three time periods, namely an early period, a middle period and a late period.
Optionally, in the step S2, whether the gob is reached is determined according to the drilling speed, the water yield and the gas concentration, so as to define the boundary of the gob.
Furthermore, the boundary of the goaf is determined in the geophysical prospecting range through a drilling exploration mode, drilling is continued forwards when the goaf is broken in front surrounding rock in the drilling process, and drilling is stopped until the goaf is found, and the drill bit is withdrawn.
Furthermore, the high-precision scanning probe is connected with the rod body through a rotating buckle; the outside of high accuracy scanning probe is equipped with the one deck safety cover, and the safety cover inboard is equipped with first, two, three, four lens simultaneously.
Furthermore, a three-dimensional model is constructed through three-dimensional laser scanning, the residual coal volume of the goaf is estimated, and the range and the boundary of the goaf are determined.
According to the judgment method for determining the boundary of the goaf through advanced drilling and geophysical prospecting comprehensive analysis, a mine transient electromagnetic method is adopted to explore the distribution form of the goaf with the length of 30m on a tunneling working surface in advance; measuring lines are arranged on a top plate in front of the roadway at 30 degrees, in the tunneling direction of the roadway at the same level and at 30 degrees below a roadway bottom plate, then 11 physical measuring points are respectively arranged on the top plate, the roadway at the same level and the bottom plate, and from 50 degrees at the left side to 50 degrees at the right side, one physical measuring point is arranged at intervals of 10 degrees, so that a fan-shaped area is formed. Extracting geoelectricity information obtained by a mine transient electromagnetic method, and qualitatively analyzing geological data of a driving working face to obtain a geological structure of the front driving working face so as to deduce the approximate form of a goaf and provide an optimal drilling path; in addition, the complete condition of the dug coal rock mass can be obtained. Obtaining a geological structure according to a transient electromagnetic method, selecting a proper drilling angle, avoiding rocks in a crushing area, and avoiding drill jamming and drill dropping accidents in a rock crushing area during drilling; determining whether the goaf boundary is reached or not according to the drilling speed, the water yield and the gas concentration; when a void is found, drilling is stopped and the drill bit is withdrawn. Put into the high accuracy scanning probe who is connected by rotatory buckle and the body of rod to drilling and scan inside the collecting space area, the probe outside is equipped with the one deck safety cover, and the safety cover inboard is equipped with first, two, three, four lens simultaneously, and the laser of launching is optimized in the cooperation, effectively eliminates the aberration influence of marginal position department, improves high accuracy scanning probe's precision. The distance and the relative position are converted by using the time of the back-and-forth propagation of the pulse laser on the measured distance and the emission angle of the pulse laser, a three-dimensional figure of the goaf is established through a special data collection and imaging system, the volume of the residual coal in the goaf is estimated, and the range and the boundary of the goaf are determined.
The foregoing description is only an overview of the technical solutions of the present invention, and in order to make the technical means of the present invention more clearly understood, the present invention may be implemented in accordance with the content of the description, and in order to make the above and other objects, features, and advantages of the present invention more clearly understood, the following detailed description is given in conjunction with the preferred embodiments, together with the accompanying drawings.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings of the embodiments will be briefly described below.
FIG. 1 is a schematic flow chart of a method for determining a boundary of a goaf on a tunneling working face according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a method for determining a boundary of a goaf on a working surface.
The method comprises the following steps of 1-tunneling roadway, 2-geophysical prospecting equipment, 3-optimal drilling path, 4-front empty area, 5-high-precision scanning probe, 6-geophysical prospecting range and 7-front surrounding rock crushing area.
Detailed Description
Other aspects, features and advantages of the present invention will become apparent from the following detailed description, taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, which form a part of this specification, and which illustrate, by way of example, the principles of the invention. In the referenced drawings, the same or similar components in different drawings are denoted by the same reference numerals.
As shown in fig. 1, the method for determining the boundary of the goaf on the tunneling working face comprises the following steps:
The invention uses a mine transient electromagnetic method and a time domain artificial electromagnetic detection method based on electromagnetic induction, and the principle is that ungrounded TX (magnetic source) is used for transmitting a pulse magnetic field, also called a primary magnetic field, to a working surface; at the moment of primary field closing, the induced eddy current excited in the ore body with good conductivity is a time-decaying eddy current field, and can excite a time-varying induced electromagnetic field, also called a secondary field. The decay process is generally divided into early, middle and late stages, with a total of 33 data points collected. The induced electromagnetic field changing according to the moment can reflect various geoelectric information, such as the shape, size, position, conductivity and the like of an ore body with good conductivity; and observing a response field in the pulse magnetic field interval by using the receiving coil RX, extracting corresponding information, and qualitatively analyzing the corresponding information and geological data of the tunneling working face to obtain the geological structure of the front tunneling working face, thereby deducing the rough form of the goaf and providing an optimal drilling path. In a mine, the geological conditions are complex, all known geological data of a driving working face area need to be collected and investigated, and the geological characteristics of a goaf are better mastered, so that the range of a front broken surrounding rock area and the approximate form of a goaf area are judged.
For example, water is used as a conductor and often threatens the safety production of coal mines, so the transient electromagnetic method is often used in hydrogeological exploration work of coal mines and can also detect whether a goaf contains a water area, and accidents in tunneling are avoided.
The extracted information and geological data of the driving working face are qualitatively analyzed, so that the geological structure of the front driving working face is obtained, the rough form of the goaf is deduced, and the optimal drilling path is provided.
And 2, obtaining a working face geological structure according to a transient electromagnetic method, judging the integrity of a front coal rock body, selecting a proper drilling angle by combining the actual condition of a mine, avoiding rocks in a crushing area, and avoiding drilling jamming and drilling drop accidents in a region drilled to the rock crushing area.
Step 4, a high-precision scanning probe is placed into the drilled hole drilled in the step 3 to scan the inside of the goaf, and the high-precision scanning probe is connected with the rod body through a rotating buckle, so that the installation and the disassembly are convenient, and the working efficiency is improved; in addition, a layer of protective cover is arranged outside the high-precision scanning probe, and a first lens, a second lens, a third lens and a fourth lens are arranged on the inner side of the protective cover, so that emitted laser is optimized through the matching of the lenses, the aberration influence at the edge position is effectively eliminated, and the precision of the high-precision scanning probe is improved; the distance and the relative position are converted by using the time of the back-and-forth propagation of the pulse laser on the measured distance and the emission angle of the pulse laser, a three-dimensional figure of the goaf is established through a special data collection and imaging system, the volume of the residual coal in the goaf is estimated, and the range and the boundary of the goaf are determined.
When the drill holes are arranged, the drilling exploration mode of the geological drilling machine can be used, and the manual drilling exploration mode can also be selected.
The detection coil is arranged right in front of a working surface, measuring lines are arranged on a top plate in front of a roadway at 30 degrees, in the tunneling direction of a roadway at the same level and at 30 degrees below a roadway bottom plate, then 11 physical measuring points are respectively arranged on the top plate, the roadway at the same level and the bottom plate, the physical measuring points are arranged at intervals of 10 degrees from left 50 degrees to right 50 degrees, and a sector area is formed.
As shown in fig. 2, a geophysical prospecting device 2 is arranged 30m in front of a driving tunnel 1, the prospecting range of a mine transient electromagnetic method is a geophysical prospecting range 6, the geological structure of a driving face in front is obtained according to the extracted information of prospecting and the geological data of the driving face, the rough form of a goaf is deduced according to the geological structure, an optimal drilling path 3 and a surrounding rock crushing area 7 in front are provided, drilling holes are arranged in a drilling prospecting mode of a geological drilling machine or a manual drilling prospecting mode, a high-precision scanning probe 5 is placed in each drilling hole, the distance and the relative position are calculated by using the time of reciprocating propagation of pulse laser on the measured distance and the emission angle of the pulse laser, a goaf three-dimensional graph is established through a special data collecting and imaging system, the volume and the water accumulation condition of the goaf are estimated, and the range and the boundary of the goaf 4 in front are determined.
While the foregoing is directed to the preferred embodiment of the present invention, other and further embodiments of the invention may be devised without departing from the basic scope thereof, and the scope thereof is determined by the claims that follow.
Claims (9)
1. A method for judging the boundary of a goaf of a tunneling working face is characterized by comprising the following steps:
s1, exploring the distribution form of a goaf 30m ahead by adopting a transient electromagnetic method;
s2, selecting a drilling path according to the probing result; arranging drill holes, drilling a goaf, stopping drilling when the goaf is found, and returning;
and S3, extending the high-precision scanning probe into the goaf through the drill hole to perform scanning identification, and obtaining the boundary of the goaf.
2. The method for determining the goaf boundary on the tunneling working face according to claim 1, wherein the step S1 comprises: the transient electromagnetic method exploration adopts a central loop device, and detection measuring points are arranged on the head of a working face.
3. The method for determining the boundary of the gob on the tunneling working face according to claim 2, wherein three measuring lines of 30 degrees above the top plate in front of the roadway, 30 degrees below the bottom plate in front of the roadway and the tunneling direction of the roadway on the same level are probed in advance by a transient electromagnetic method.
4. The method for judging the boundary of the gob in the tunneling working face according to claim 3, wherein 11 physical measuring points are respectively arranged on the top plate, the bedding roadway and the bottom plate, the angle is expanded from left 50 degrees to right 50 degrees, one physical measuring point is placed at an angle interval of 10 degrees, and 33 data acquisition points are completed in total.
5. The method for determining the boundary of the goaf on the tunneling working face according to claim 4, wherein the detected range is a sector area, and each physical measuring point has data of three time periods, namely an early period, a middle period and a late period.
6. The method for determining the boundary of the goaf on the tunneling working face according to claim 1, wherein in step S2, whether the goaf is reached is determined according to the drilling speed, the water yield and the gas concentration, so as to define the boundary of the goaf.
7. The method for judging the boundary of the goaf encountered by the heading face according to claim 6, wherein the boundary of the goaf is determined within a geophysical prospecting range through a drilling exploration mode, drilling is continued forwards when a surrounding rock crushing region ahead is encountered in the drilling process, drilling is stopped until the goaf is found, and a drill bit is withdrawn.
8. The method for judging the boundary of the goaf on the tunneling working face according to claim 1, wherein the high-precision scanning probe is connected with the rod body through a rotary buckle; the outside of high accuracy scanning probe is equipped with the one deck safety cover, and the safety cover inboard is equipped with first, two, three, four lens simultaneously.
9. The method for judging the boundary of the goaf on the tunneling working face according to claim 8, wherein a three-dimensional model is constructed through three-dimensional laser scanning, the volume of residual coal in the goaf is estimated, and the range and the boundary of the goaf are determined.
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| CN202310073696.XA CN115875040A (en) | 2023-01-19 | 2023-01-19 | Method for judging boundary of goaf of driving face |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN116641656A (en) * | 2023-06-21 | 2023-08-25 | 煤炭工业太原设计研究院集团有限公司 | Old mining residual coal roadway type goaf drilling exploration method |
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN116641656A (en) * | 2023-06-21 | 2023-08-25 | 煤炭工业太原设计研究院集团有限公司 | Old mining residual coal roadway type goaf drilling exploration method |
| CN116641656B (en) * | 2023-06-21 | 2024-04-02 | 煤炭工业太原设计研究院集团有限公司 | Old mining residual coal roadway type goaf drilling exploration method |
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