CN108776354B - A kind of focusing depth measurement type three-dimensional induced polarization forward probe system and method that TBM is carried - Google Patents
A kind of focusing depth measurement type three-dimensional induced polarization forward probe system and method that TBM is carried Download PDFInfo
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- CN108776354B CN108776354B CN201810806310.0A CN201810806310A CN108776354B CN 108776354 B CN108776354 B CN 108776354B CN 201810806310 A CN201810806310 A CN 201810806310A CN 108776354 B CN108776354 B CN 108776354B
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- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01V—GEOPHYSICS; GRAVITATIONAL MEASUREMENTS; DETECTING MASSES OR OBJECTS; TAGS
- G01V3/00—Electric or magnetic prospecting or detecting; Measuring magnetic field characteristics of the earth, e.g. declination, deviation
- G01V3/08—Electric or magnetic prospecting or detecting; Measuring magnetic field characteristics of the earth, e.g. declination, deviation operating with magnetic or electric fields produced or modified by objects or geological structures or by detecting devices
Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of focusing depth measurement type three-dimensional induced polarization method detection systems and method being equipped in TBM system, including electrode system, electrode telescopic device, multichannel slewing equipment, cable system and induced polarization exploration instrument；Electrode system is installed on TBM cutterhead, shield, trolley and tunnel side wall, and wherein cutterhead, shield and trolley top electrode are equipped on TBM by electrode telescopic device.Induced polarization exploration instrument controlling electrode telescopic device realizes that the automatic telescopic control of electrode, retracted position detection are detected with contact condition, the uninterrupted revolution of measuring signal, hydraulic circuit, cutterhead water route is realized using multichannel slewing equipment, realizes that the carrying of induced polarization exploration system and TBM are integrated.The present invention solves the prominent mud disaster source induced polarization forward probe problem of TBM construction tunnel gushing water,, safely and fast reliable advantage high with automatic measurement degree, 3-d inversion imaging can be carried out to the water content of front of tunnel heading, meet the safe and efficient construction demand of TBM construction tunnel.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to TBM construction tunnels to focus depth measurement type three-dimensional induced polarization advanced prediction field, more particularly to a kind of
The focusing depth measurement type three-dimensional induced polarization method detection system and method that TBM is carried.
Background technique
During constructing tunnel, TBM construction method has driving speed fast, security civilization, overall economic efficiency height etc.
Advantage, by more and more selections；However TBM is poor to the adaptability on stratum, once meet with fault belt, crack dense band,
The unfavorable geological conditions such as karst water content, soft stratum, underground river often induce the major disasters such as landslide, gushing water prominent mud, large deformation
Accident, cause the inordinate wear of TBM cutter, cutterhead damage, influence drivage efficiency and construction speed, in addition will appear fatal crass,
Engineering such as scraps at the disastrous consequence.In order to avoid above-mentioned disaster and accident generation and ensure safety for tunnel engineering, there is an urgent need to
The geological structure situation of tunnel tunnel face front is verified in advance, and reasonable treatment measures are formulated according to the geological condition in front,
Adjustment arrangement and method for construction in time.Therefore, the prominent mud disaster source of the gushing water in front of TBM is verified in the work of development advance geologic prediction in advance, right
Ensure that TBM safe construction plays a significant role.
TBM construction environment is complicated more compared with drill+blast tunnel and ground.Firstly, TBM occupies most tunnels
Space, the available observation space of forward probe are extremely limited；Secondly, TBM possesses complicated electrical system and metal structure, electromagnetism
It interferes extremely serious.The common geophysical prospecting method of drilling and blasting method and ground can not directly be moved in the tunnel TBM.In addition, TBM
With shield machine there are this qualitative difference in structure and construction environment, TBM is suitable for the engineering of hard rock driving, is commonly used in the mountain ridge
Tunnel or large-scale delivery water project, and shield machine be suitable for soft rock, soil layer tunnel excavation, be commonly used in city underground and small-sized
In pipeline work environment.There are larger differences in digging mode, structural shape, construction method for TBM and shield machine, are used for shield
The detection system of machine can not simply be transplanted to TBM construction environment.Therefore, it for TBM construction complex environment, needs to propose simultaneously
Design a kind of novel forward probe system suitable for TBM environment.
Induced polarization method is a kind of geophysical prospecting method for effectively detecting the prominent mud disaster source of the gushing waters such as water content, a kind of
For the portable electrical method forward probe system in the tunnel TBM, pass through TBM hob tool bore by the way of artificial for detection electrode
It is arranged in face, since TBM construction environment is complicated, narrow space in cutterhead, face Electrode Operation is installed not in cutterhead
Just, it can not even be detected when hobboing cutter tool bore is blocked by disintegrating slag.BEAM (the Bore-Tunneling Electical of Germany's research and development
Ahead Monitoring) technology is a kind of focusing induced polarization exploration, this method is used as bucking electrode using shield etc., relies on
The curve of measurement result and tunnel mileage infers aqueous situation, and detection range is small, and cannot achieve depth measurement, can not obtain the TBM palm
The three-dimensional imaging of sub- face front geological condition.Therefore, need to develop one kind be equipped on high degree of automation on TBM, can be to aqueous
The focusing depth measurement type induced polarization exploration system of body three-dimensional imaging, it is a kind of due to the complexity of TBM construction environment and mechanical equipment
The focusing depth measurement type three-dimensional induced polarization method forward probe system and method that TBM is carried mainly faces following problem:
(1) TBM construction environment is complicated, electromagnetic interference is serious, and the observation mode for designing a kind of focusing depth measurement type is primarily to ask
Topic, can suppress interference and the detection range of TBM machinery.
(2) TBM cutterhead occupies area space of planes, and rock slag, water etc. easily damage electrode, face top electrode in front of cutterhead
Arrangement and protection be a crucial problem, need to research and develop it is a kind of detected automatically with electrode condition, electrode protecting device from
Dynamic telescopic electrode system.
(3) TBM speed of application is fast, lower by drilling laying current electrode efficiency on abutment wall, seriously affects TBM construction work
Sequence needs the current electrode Quick installation fixing device for developing a kind of non-drilled.
(4) TBM construction cutterhead is rotation, and electrode, telescopic oil cylinder etc. are mounted on cutterhead, cutterhead top electrode measuring signal
To the transmission of cutterhead rear it is the another problem that faces of the present invention with hydraulic circuit, needs to develop a kind of change simultaneously and turn multichannel measurement and believe
Number, the multifunctional turning device of hydraulic circuit and cutterhead water route.
(5) since TBM construction environment temperature is high, air humidity is big etc., focus depth measurement induced polarization equipment need to have from
The instrument of dynamic temperature control, automatic humidity control meets the needs of TBM construction complex environment high-acruracy survey.
Summary of the invention
In order to overcome the deficiencies of the prior art, the present invention proposes a kind of focusing depth measurement type induced polarization method detection that TBM is carried
System and method is interfered based on depth measurement type observation mode compacting face rear TBM is focused, while improving detection range, is realized
Automatic telescopic control, the retracted position detection of electrode are detected with contact condition, realize measuring signal, liquid using multichannel slewing equipment
The uninterrupted revolution on pressure oil road, cutterhead water route has certainly so that the carrying for realizing induced polarization exploration system and TBM is integrated
Dynamicization measurement degree is high, safely and fast reliable advantage, can the unfavorable geologies such as water content to front of tunnel heading carry out it is three-dimensional
Inversion imaging ensures the highly effective and safe construction of TBM.
To achieve the above object, concrete scheme of the invention is as follows:
A kind of focusing depth measurement type three-dimensional induced polarization method detection that TBM is carried disclosed in one or more embodiments
System, comprising: electrode system, electrode telescopic device and induced polarization exploration instrument；
The electrode system includes measuring electrode M, electrodes of A, the pole infinite electrode B and the pole infinite electrode N, the nothing
Poor remote electrode B pole and the pole infinite electrode N are mounted on tunnel side wall, and the measuring electrode M and electrodes of A pass through electricity respectively
Pole telescopic device is equipped on TBM；The induced polarization exploration instrument controlling electrode telescopic device driving measuring electrode M and power supply
Electrode A is stretched.
Further, the electrodes of A includes: electrodes of A 1 and electrodes of A 0, and the electrodes of A 0 is installed
On cutterhead, the electrodes of A 1 is mounted on TBM shield and/or trolley.
Further, when the electrodes of A 1 is installed on the car, the flexible dress of the flexible electrode of driving electrodes of A 1
It sets and is connect by flexural pivot with fixed column on the car.
Further, the electrode system further include: N1 electrode, the N1 electrode are mounted on after TBM cutterhead in shield body；Pass through
Detect the detection that the resistance between N1 electrode and electrodes of A 0 realizes 0 retracted position of electrodes of A on TBM cutterhead.
Further, the measuring electrode M is mounted on TBM cutterhead, the electrode system further include: N1 electrode, the N1
Electrode is mounted on after TBM cutterhead in shield body；It is realized by the resistance between detection N1 electrode and measuring electrode M and is surveyed on TBM cutterhead
Measure the detection of electrode M retracted position.
Further,
By resistance value between the measuring electrode M and infinite electrode N of measurement contact country rock, determines measuring electrode M and enclose
Whether the contact condition of rock is good；
By resistance value between the electrodes of A and infinite electrode B of measurement contact country rock, determines electrodes of A and enclose
Whether the contact condition of rock is good.
The measuring electrode and electrodes of A 0 being mounted on cutterhead is all made of flexible contact electrode, comprising: metal shell, absolutely
Edge pedestal, binding post and flexible contact end, the insulator foot is located in the groove of electrode rear end bottom, by gold outside groove
Belong to shell package, insulator foot is connect with electrode telescopic device, and is reserved among insulator foot for installing binding post
Connecting hole, binding post can be connect by the connecting hole with cable system.
The electrodes of A 1 being mounted on shield and/or trolley uses flexible contact electrode, comprising: insulating electrode housing,
Metal shell, insulator foot, binding post and flexible contact end；The insulator foot is located in the groove of electrode rear end bottom,
It being wrapped up outside groove by metal shell, is cased with insulating electrode housing outside metal shell, insulator foot is connect with electrode telescopic device,
And the connecting hole for installing binding post is reserved among insulator foot, binding post can pass through the connecting hole and cable system
System connection.
Further, the electrode telescopic device realizes electrode automatic telescopic using hydraulic-driven；Hydraulic oil cylinder control valve
The instruction of induced polarization exploration instrument is received, control hydraulic cylinder drive cylinder bar is flexible, thus what drive was connect with cylinder rod
Electrode stretches.
Further, the electrode telescopic device further include: electrode seals, the electrode seals include: to set
The block setting the sealing device on cylinder rod and being arranged at electrode opening, the sealing device is when electrode is stretched out with oil
Cylinder rod moves together, is stopped when sealing device moves to the stop location by block, the sealing device and the block
The sealing in gap between electrode and hydraulic cylinder is realized in cooperation.
Further, in the external bulge-structure being arranged for protecting cutterhead or shield of electrode opening.
Further, further includes: multichannel slewing equipment；The multichannel slewing equipment includes: multichannel swivel joint and sets
Set the quick connector and/or multi-pin connector in the multichannel swivel joint；
The multichannel swivel joint includes: at least two layers concentric return bend and is arranged in the concentric revolution outer tube layer
Several electric slip rings.
A kind of focusing depth measurement type three-dimensional induced polarization method detection that TBM is carried disclosed in one or more embodiments
Method, comprising:
The measuring electrode M and electrodes of A that control is mounted on TBM respectively stretch out, and contact with country rock；
By resistance value between the measuring electrode M and the infinite electrode N that is arranged on tunnel side wall of measurement contact country rock,
Determine whether measuring electrode M contact condition is good；
By resistance value between the electrodes of A and the infinite electrode B that is arranged on tunnel side wall of measurement contact country rock,
Determine whether electrodes of A contact condition is good；
After measuring electrode M and electrodes of A are contacted with country rock well respectively, induced polarization supplemental characteristic is acquired；
Further,
Pass through the resistance for detecting the measuring electrode M that is mounted on cutterhead and being mounted between the N1 electrode after cutterhead in shield body
Realize the detection to measuring electrode M retracted position on cutterhead；
Further,
The electrodes of A includes the electrodes of A 0 being mounted on TBM cutterhead and is mounted on shield and/or trolley
Electrodes of A 1；
During electrode stretches out, by detecting the measuring electrode M being mounted on cutterhead or electrodes of A 0 and being mounted on
Resistance between N1 electrode after cutterhead in shield body realizes the inspection to 0 retracted position of measuring electrode M on cutterhead or electrodes of A
It surveys.
Beneficial effects of the present invention:
1, a kind of focusing depth measurement type three-dimensional induced polarization method detection system that TBM is carried is proposed, TBM and excitation are realized
The carrying for the forward probe system that polarizes is integrated, does not interfere TBM to construct, high degree of automation, meets TBM and constructs rapid want
It asks.
2, a kind of focusing depth measurement induced polarization observation mode suitable for TBM construction environment is devised, electrode system is mounted on
On TBM cutterhead, shield, trolley and tunnel side wall, the interference of face rear TBM metal can be preferably suppressed, while there is depth measurement
Function realizes the 3-d inversion imaging of the water content of front of tunnel heading different distance.
3, a kind of hydraulic cylinder driving electrodes automatic telescopic and electrode telescopic state detecting device are devised, electrode is realized
The flexible and long-range control of automation, devise a kind of electrode seals system, can be during electrode stretches out and withdraws
It prevents rock slag from entering and causes electrode damage, ensured that the safety of induced polarization exploration electrode system swashs to realize TBM construction
Hair polarization automation detection, improves detection efficient.
4, a kind of multichannel connecting suitable for TBM cutterhead electrode with master control room host detection signal, hydraulic circuit is proposed
Slewing equipment solves cutterhead rotation with master control room host and connect problem, while being reserved with quick connector on slewing equipment, can people
Connecting cable and hydraulic circuit are inserted in work switching fastly, ensure that equipped system can be with safe and stable operation under TBM complex working condition.
5, a kind of induced polarization Multifunctional cabinet for automatically adjusting humidity and temperature is devised, and design has electrical isolation system
System ensures the safe and stable operation of detection instrument under TBM complex environment, provides for the prominent mud disaster source forward probe of gushing water high high-quality
The detection data of amount.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is forward probe device integral installation structural schematic diagram of the invention；
Fig. 2 is mounted in the hydraulic-driven electrode telescopic system schematic diagram on TBM trolley；
Fig. 3 is electrode oil cylinder schematic diagram of the invention；
Fig. 4 is electrode sealing construction schematic diagram of the invention；
Fig. 5 is swivel joint schematic diagram of the invention；
Fig. 6 is that electrode of the invention automatically controls schematic diagram；
Fig. 7 is detection flow diagram of the invention.
Wherein, 1, face；2, country rock；3, front of tunnel heading unfavorable geologic body；4, TBM trolley；5, cutterhead；6, infinity
Electrode B pole；7, the pole infinite electrode N；8, electrodes of A 1；9, N1 electrode；10, induced polarization exploration instrument；11, TBM master control
Room；12, measuring electrode M；13, electrodes of A 0；14, hydraulic cylinder；15, cutterhead postnotum；16, hydraulic oil pipeline；17, electrode
Cable；18, oil cylinder protective shell；19, cutterhead front panel；20, U-shaped rubber seal ring set；21, shelves ring is sealed；22, wear ring；23,
Cylinder rod；24, multichannel swivel joint；25, oil circuit quick connector；26, signal wire multi-pin connector；27, water route quick connector；28,
Oil circuit flow monitoring system, 29, cable system.
Specific embodiment:
The present invention is described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawing:
It should be noted that term used herein above is merely to describe specific embodiment, and be not intended to restricted root
According to the illustrative embodiments of the application.Additionally, it should be understood that when in the present specification use term "comprising" and/
Or when " comprising ", existing characteristics, step, operation, device, component and/or their combination are indicated.
In order to solve the problems, such as that background technique proposes, this programme discloses a kind of focusing depth measurement being equipped in TBM system
Type three-dimensional induced polarization method detection system, as shown in Figure 1, mainly include electrode system, electrode telescopic device, multichannel slewing equipment,
Cable system and induced polarization exploration instrument (10).
In one or more embodiments, electrode system includes: measuring electrode M (12), electrodes of A, N1 electrode (9), nothing
Poor remote electrode B pole (6) and the pole infinite electrode N (7), measuring electrode M (12) is according to cutter head structure and hobboing cutter deployment scenarios aperture
It is installed on cutterhead (5), electrodes of A includes electrodes of A 0 (13) and electrodes of A 1 (8)；Wherein, electrodes of A 0
(13) aperture is installed on central area position on cutterhead, and electrodes of A 1 (8) is installed on shield and trolley；It is laid in shield
Current electrode on shield and trolley forms shielding electric field, and the current electrode for being laid in cutter head center region generates electric current, passes through screen
The static focusing bunching action that the effect and face center electric current for covering electric field generate, forms focusing effect.Meanwhile by
In the electrodes of A 1 (8) for the multiple groups power supply number of rings laid on shield and trolley, supplying measure electrode spacing can be made continuous
Increase, to realize that system has the function of depth measurement.
N1 electrode (9) is installed on after TBM cutterhead in shield body, in order to electrode telescopic device be cooperated to realize that electrode stretches out
The detection of state；The pole infinite electrode B and the pole infinite electrode N are installed on the abutment wall of tunnel rear, wherein the pole infinite electrode B
(6) spacing between the pole infinite electrode N (7) should be not less than 200m.
Electrode uses flexible contact electrode.Wherein, the flexible contact electrode on cutterhead by metal shell, insulator foot, connect
Terminal and flexible contact end form；Insulator foot is located in the groove of electrode rear end bottom, by metal shell packet outside groove
It wraps up in, is connected using the form of screw thread with the cylinder rod in electrode telescopic device on the inside of insulator foot, and be reserved with company in centre
Connect hole, electrode cable is connect by oil cylinder connecting hole with electrode terminal, thus guarantee electrode connect with instrument and with TBM metal
Cutterhead insulation；Binding post connect by connecting hole with cable system in addition, the induced-polarization measurement electrode on cutterhead be all made of it is soft
Property contact unpolarizable electrode.
Flexible contact electrode on shield and trolley is by insulating electrode housing, metal-back, insulator foot, binding post and flexibility
Contact tip composition；From the flexible contact electrode in structure, shield than on the outside of the flexible contact electrode on cutterhead more one
Layer insulating electrode housing, the purpose of application insulating electrode housing is the insulation in order to guarantee shield and electrode, to realize power supply
Electrode current normally feeds country rock.
Flexible contact end on cutter head center, shield and trolley passes through the copper conductor and binding post in electrode metal shell
It is connected, design has insulation inner ring in the unpolarizable electrode metal shell in cutterhead, and flexible contact end is mounted on insulated liner
On, it is connected by the copper-bath for the inner ring that insulate with metal shell and binding post；The insulating electrode housing is using annular
Rubber is wrapped in the outside of electrode, realizes electrode metal shell and shield or the insulation of other good conductors.
Wherein, the measuring electrode M (12) on cutterhead and electrodes of A 0 (13) pass through cable connection multichannel slewing equipment, and
It is connect with induced polarization exploration instrument (10)；Electrode on cutterhead, shield and trolley is equipped on TBM by electrode telescopic device
On.
Measuring electrode M (12) is unpolarizable electrode, mainly includes stainless steel metal shell, insulator foot, back panel wiring
Column and flexible contact end, insulator foot are located in the groove of electrode rear end bottom, are wrapped up outside groove by metal shell, insulate
It is connected using the form of screw thread with the cylinder rod in electrode telescopic device on the inside of pedestal, and is reserved with connecting hole in centre, electricity
Pole cable is connect by oil cylinder preformed hole with electrode terminal, to guarantee that electrode is connect and exhausted with TBM metal cutterhead with instrument
Edge；Purpose using stainless steel metal shell is the retracted position for detecting electrode.
Shell is also stainless steel metal in the electrodes of A 0 (13) of cutter head center position, structure in electrodes of A
Shell is the current electrode of flexible contact.Current electrode on shield and trolley includes insulating electrode housing from structure, stainless
Steel metal shell, insulator foot, back panel wiring column and flexible contact end, stainless steel metal shell are cased with outside one layer of insulating electrode outside
Set realizes that current electrode electric current normally feeds country rock to guarantee the insulation of shield or other metallic objects and current electrode.
In one or more embodiments, electrode telescopic device is all made of hydraulic-driven and realizes the flexible of electrode, device master
It to include the flexible of the telescopic device of driving cutterhead top electrode, the telescopic device for driving shield top electrode and driving trolley top electrode
Device；Wherein, the telescopic device for driving cutterhead top electrode includes hydraulic cylinder (14), cylinder rod (23), electrode ram control valve
Block and electrode seals, cutterhead electrode and electrode telescopic device are installed in cutterhead preformed hole；Electrode ram control valve is excited
The control of hair polarization detection instrument (10) instruction, control hydraulic cylinder (14) are drivingly connected the electrode on cylinder rod, realize electricity
The stretching and the withdrawal at the end of detection of pole detection process；It is provided with hand-operated valve simultaneously, thus unexpected in electrode ram control valve
It is able to use and manually controls in the case where damage, ensure the normal work of electrode hydraulic cylinder (14)；The detection of electrode contact condition
Function can realize that electrode is detected with the contact situation of face or tunnel side wall, and sealing device is arranged between cylinder rod and hole wall
Gap in, thus play the role of sealing isolation.
Induced polarization exploration instrument (10) coordination electrode telescopic device drives the flexible of cutterhead top electrode, and realizes that electrode is stretched
Contracting state-detection and the detection of electrode contact condition；The detection of electrode retracted position refers to, due to the measuring electrode and power supply on cutterhead
Electrode design metallic conduction shell, when electrode is recovered in impeller eye, electrode metal shell is contacted with cutterhead metallic object, and electrode is stretched
When out, electrode metal shell is not contacted with cutterhead, and the resistance for the N1 electrode (9) being connected by detecting electrode with cutterhead realizes cutterhead
The retracted position of top electrode detects.
The detection of electrode contact condition refers to, sends measurement of Grounding Resistance instruction by induced polarization exploration instrument (10), surveys
Resistance value between the electrode of amount contact country rock and the infinite electrode being mounted on the abutment wall of tunnel rear, if resistance value is in set threshold
It is worth except range, then shows electrode loose contact, needs to readjust electrode contact situation.
The telescopic device of driving shield top electrode includes hydraulic cylinder (14), cylinder rod and electrode ram control valve block, is connected
It is similar with cutterhead electrode telescopic device to connect mode, equally can be realized the detection of electrode contact condition.
Driving trolley top electrode telescopic device further include other than structure is similar with shield electrode telescopic device
Column, flexural pivot.Column is mounted on TBM trolley (4), and hydraulic telescopic device is connect by flexural pivot with trolley upper pillar stand, when detection
The angle of adjustable electrode guarantees that electrode contacts well with country rock.
In one or more embodiments, electrode seals include that the sealing block being arranged on cylinder rod and setting exist
The seal stopper ring (21) of cutterhead front panel (19) or shield top electrode opening, the sealing block are mainly empty in oil cylinder and electrode
Increase U-shaped rubber seal ring set between gap to realize, is moved when electrode is stretched out with cylinder rod, when sealing block moves to institute
Stopped when stating seal stopper ring (21) position by block, electrode and hydraulic cylinder are realized in the sealing block and sealing shelves ring cooperation
(14) sealing in gap between；
After electrode stretches out, there are gaps between cylinder rod (23) and hydraulic cylinder (14), to prevent disintegrating slag from entering, need to solve
Sealing problem after electrode stretching guarantees the normal stretching of electrode and withdraws, electrode encapsulation scheme such as Fig. 4 institute that the present invention designs
Show, increases U-shaped rubber seal ring set (20) in hydraulic cylinder (14) and the gap of electrode and cover on cylinder rod (23), and in cutterhead
Seal stopper ring (21) are set at electrode opening, U-shaped rubber seal ring set (20) is when electrode stretches out, since frictional force is with cylinder rod
(23) it moves, cylinder rod (23) can not be followed to continue to stretch out by baffle ring blocking when sealing ring moves to seal stopper ring (21) position,
It stops and plays sealing function in this position.Prominent rock causes the electrode installed on cutterhead (5) in tunneling process in order to prevent
Wear ring (22) are arranged in the both sides external position of electrode opening in abrasion.
Hydraulic-driven electrode system on electrode or shield is in addition to the sealing of above-mentioned hydraulic cylinder (14), cylinder rod 23 and electrode
It further include hydraulic oil pipeline (16), electrode cable (17) and oil cylinder protective shell (18) other than device；Wherein, the electrode on cutterhead
Hydraulic cylinder (14), hydraulic oil pipeline (16) and electrode cable (17) are installed on cutterhead postnotum (15), hydraulic oil pipeline
(16) it passes through the oil cylinder protective shell (18) being welded on cutterhead postnotum (15) with electrode cable (17) and is protected, prevent slag storehouse
Interior slag charge damages hydraulic oil pipeline (16) and cable；The electrode hole on cutterhead or shield is arranged in electrode seals
At aperture；Electrode oil cylinder schematic diagram is as shown in Figure 3.
Electrode oil cylinder can be used the hydraulic cylinder (14) of diameter 75mm, and cutterhead (5) steps back 10-20cm when detection, consider rich
Remaining design hydraulic cylinder travel 32cm, reception driving instruction is fully extended to electrode, and everything is equal from starting for hydraulic cylinder (14)
It can be completed in 15s；The hydraulic oil pipeline and electrode cable of measuring electrode M (12) on cutterhead (5) and electrodes of A 0 (13)
(17) it is drawn via multichannel swivel joint (24), oil cylinder protective shell (18) is welded on cutterhead postnotum (15) to hydraulic oil earthen pipe
Road and electrode cable (17) are protected.
Due on cutterhead measuring electrode M (12) and electrodes of A 0 (13) shell be made of metallic conduction shell, therefore
And the retracted position of electrode, electrode telescopic device and electrode shape can be judged by being installed on the N1 electrode (9) after cutterhead in shield body
State detection is controlled by the detection control module in induced polarization exploration instrument (10)；When TBM stops driving and cutterhead retrogressing
After, cutterhead electrode, which receives, stretches out instruction, detects that the resistance value between electrode and the N1 electrode (9) on cutterhead is less than at this time and sets
When determining threshold value T1, show that electrode is not yet fully extended, whereas if showing electrode when surveyed resistance value is greater than given threshold T2
Through stretching out cutterhead；When detection mission is completed, after cutterhead electrode receives withdrawal instruction, detect at this time electrode on cutterhead and
When resistance value between N1 electrode (9) is greater than given threshold T2, show that electrode is not yet withdrawn, conversely, institute's measuring resistance value is less than threshold
When value T1, show that electrode has been in retracted state.
Measurement of Grounding Resistance instruction, measurement contact are sent by the detection control module in induced polarization exploration instrument (10)
Resistance value between the electrode M or A of country rock and the infinite electrode being mounted on the abutment wall of tunnel rear；As detection measuring electrode M
(12) with the contact condition of country rock when, the resistance value between measuring electrode M (12) and the pole infinite electrode N, if resistance value is in institute
If except threshold range, then showing electrode loose contact, needs to readjust measuring electrode and country rock contacts situation；When detection supplies
When the contact condition of electrode A and country rock, the resistance value between electrodes of A and electrode B is detected, if surveyed resistance value is in setting threshold
It is worth except range, then shows electrode loose contact, current electrode need to be readjusted and country rock contacts situation.
In one or more embodiments, multichannel slewing equipment includes multichannel swivel joint, quick connector and multi-pin connector,
The effect of multichannel swivel joint (24) is to ensure mistake that the cable between electrode and host on cutterhead is rotated in cutterhead (5)
It will not occur mutually to wind in journey and even be broken；Meanwhile it being reserved on multichannel swivel joint (24) and reserving oil circuit quick connector
(25), signal wire multi-pin connector (26) and water route quick connector (27)；Quick connector and multi-pin connector it is reserved, it is therefore an objective to
Multichannel swivel joint break down when, be quickly correspondingly connected with using quick connector and multi-pin connector, it is ensured that detection it is fast
Speed carries out.
Multichannel swivel joint (24) design has 2 layers of concentric return bend, and outer layer designs several electric slip rings；Wherein 2 layers with one heart
Oil circuit and water route revolution may be implemented in return bend, and the transmission of multiple signals cable may be implemented in several electric slip rings；Swivel joint
2 quick connectors of outer design, are arranged in transfer conduit in cutterhead and girder and respectively design 1 quick plug, and 2 with swivel joint
A quick connector connection；2 multi-pin connectors are designed in swivel joint simultaneously, the cable being arranged in cutterhead and girder respectively designs 1
A multi-pin connector, and being connect with 2 multi-pin connectors of swivel joint, to realize water route under cutterhead rotary mode, oil circuit and more
The transmission of road signal.The quick plug of the pipeline in cutterhead and girder and multi-pin connector (26) can be directly correspondingly connected with simultaneously, be protected
Hinder slewing equipment failure when water route, oil circuit and multiple signals standby transport.In addition, being provided with oil circuit flow in oil circuit pipeline
The size of monitoring system (28) monitoring flow.Swivel joint (24) schematic diagram is as shown in Figure 5.
In one or more embodiments, cable system (28) includes electrode electrical connection cable, cutterhead main push-towing rope, N1 in cutterhead
Cable, service cable A1, infinity power supply B cable and infinity measure N cable, and the connection cables of electrode are for connecting measurement in cutterhead
Electrode M (12) and electrodes of A 0 (13) realize the confession of the signal transmission and electrodes of A 0 (13) to measuring electrode M (12)
Electricity；The connection cables of electrode pool cutterhead main push-towing rope in cutterhead, and main push-towing rope passes through multi-pin connector and multichannel swivel joint (24) and master
Induced polarization host is connected in control room (11)；N1 cable is used to be connected and installed in the N1 electrode (9) after TBM cutterhead in shield body,
By 1 with single cable connection to master control room detection control module；Service cable A1 includes the service cable of shield top electrode
With the service cable of trolley top electrode, transmitted for the signal to current electrode；Infinity power supply B cable and infinity measure N cable:
It is connected using the form of two single-core cables with the host in induced polarization exploration instrument.
In one or more embodiments, induced polarization exploration instrument (10) is mainly by induced polarization host, direct current constant current
Source, detection control module and multiple function apparatus cabinet composition, DC constant current power supply are connected with induced polarization host by cable,
Using alternating current 220V mains-supplied, electrode system is connected via cable system (28) with induced polarization host, detection control module with
The connection of induced polarization host；Induced polarization host can be realized acquisition and processing to signal；Induced polarization host, direct current constant current
Source and detection control module are mounted in multiple function apparatus cabinet.
Detection control module is installed in TBM master control room (11), and detection control module sends the flexible dress of instruction coordination electrode
The flexible and electrode contact condition detection of middle hydraulic cylinder system is set, while there is the function to the detection of cutterhead electrode retracted position
Energy.
Multiple function apparatus cabinet includes thermostatic constant wet control system and electrical isolation system, and thermostatic constant wet control system is main
Including control system and the cooling system being separately connected with it, dehumidification system and sensing system；Sensing system acquisition is more
Temperature and humidity information in function cabinet, and it is sent to control system；Control system controls cooling system using PID controller
And dehumidification system, temperature and humidity adjusting is carried out to multiple function apparatus cabinet；Electrical isolation system is using the shape that voltage-stablizer is isolated
Formula, for the electrical system of the electrical system of electrode equipped system and TBM to be isolated；
Electrical isolation system in multiple function apparatus cabinet mainly realizes that isolation voltage-stablizer is installed on using isolation voltage-stablizer
The downside of multiple function apparatus cabinet, for other electrical systems by the power-supply system of induced polarization exploration instrument (10) and outside TBM
The power-supply system of system is isolated, and guarantees induced polarization exploration system in detection process, detectable signal does not pass through power supply line
Coupling circuit is constituted with other equipment, to influence or damage other equipment.
In one or more embodiments, a kind of focusing depth measurement type three-dimensional excitation pole being equipped in TBM system is disclosed
The detection processing method of change method detection system, the specific process that detects is as shown in fig. 7, comprises following steps:
1) when TBM manufactures and designs, measuring electrode is installed on TBM cutterhead by aperture, arranges in cutterhead close to central area
One electrodes of A 0 (13), remaining electrodes of A 1 (8) are arranged on TBM shield and trolley in the form of electrode retaining collar；N1 electricity
Pole (9) is installed on after TBM cutterhead in shield body；
2) when TBM stops excavation operation, TBM cutterhead (5) should retreat to face (1) and keep 10~20cm distance, will
Cutterhead (5) turns to center cutter horizontal position, convenient for arrangement electrode；And support boots are withdrawn, stop that welding machine, motor, other are artificial
The use of electromagnetic field tool；
3) stretching of detection control module the control trolley, cutterhead and shield electrode of induced polarization instrument, and detect simultaneously
The stretching state of electrode, infinite electrode B and infinite electrode N are arranged on the abutment wall of tunnel rear, and infinite electrode B and
Spacing between infinite electrode N should be not less than 200m；
4) to the contact condition of measuring electrode and current electrode difference detecting electrode, it is ensured that electrode contacts well with country rock；
5) data acquisition, the information such as acquisition apparent resistivity, apparent chargeability, half decay time are carried out；At 3-d inversion imaging
Reason realizes the three-dimensional localization and instream flow estimate to front of tunnel heading unfavorable geologic body (3).
6) detection mission terminates, and detecting module issues electrode and withdraws instruction, controls the withdrawal of measuring electrode and current electrode,
Detect the retracted position of cutterhead electrode, it is ensured that electrode, which has been withdrawn, to be finished, and the pole infinite electrode B (6), infinite electrode N are withdrawn
Pole (7) and respective cable；
7) when data processing, Outlier rejeetion is carried out to data, induced polarization exploration is obtained using corresponding data processing method
Result map.
The present invention solves the problems, such as TBM construction tunnel induced polarization advanced geology prediction system and the integrated carrying of TBM, mentions
Go out a kind of focusing depth measurement type three-dimensional induced polarization method forward probe system and method that TBM is carried, carries advanced visit using TBM
Examining system can quickly obtain acquisition data automatically, and can realize the three-dimensional imaging forecast of the prominent mud disaster source of gushing water.
Above-mentioned, although the foregoing specific embodiments of the present invention is described with reference to the accompanying drawings, not protects model to the present invention
The limitation enclosed, those skilled in the art should understand that, based on the technical solutions of the present invention, those skilled in the art are not
Need to make the creative labor the various modifications or changes that can be made still within protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (8)
1. the focusing depth measurement type three-dimensional induced polarization method detection system that a kind of TBM is carried characterized by comprising electrode system, electricity
Pole telescopic device and induced polarization exploration instrument；
The electrode system includes measuring electrode M, electrodes of A, the pole infinite electrode B and the pole infinite electrode N, the infinity
Electrode B pole and the pole infinite electrode N are mounted on tunnel side wall, and the measuring electrode M and electrodes of A are stretched by electrode respectively
Compression apparatus is equipped on TBM；The induced polarization exploration instrument controlling electrode telescopic device drives single measuring electrode M or confession
Electrode A is stretched；
The electrodes of A includes: electrodes of A 1 and electrodes of A 0, and the electrodes of A 0 is mounted on cutter head center position
It sets, the electrodes of A 1 is mounted on TBM shield and trolley；The electrodes of A 1 being laid on shield and trolley forms shielding
Electric field, the current electrode for being laid in cutter head center region generate electric current, by the effect and the face centre bit that shield electric field
The static focusing bunching action of electric current generation is set, focusing effect is formed；Simultaneously as the multiple groups laid on shield and trolley supply
The electrodes of A 1 of electric number of rings, so that supplying measure electrode spacing constantly increases, to realize that system has the function of depth measurement；
The electrode telescopic device realizes electrode automatic telescopic using hydraulic-driven；The electrode telescopic device further include: electrode
Sealing device；The electrode seals include: the sealing device being arranged on cylinder rod and are arranged at electrode opening
Block, the sealing device is moved when electrode is stretched out with cylinder rod, when sealing device moves to the stop location
Stopped by block, the sealing in gap between the sealing device and block cooperation realization electrode and hydraulic cylinder；
The electrode system further include: N1 electrode, the N1 electrode are installed on after TBM cutterhead in shield body；By detection N1 electrode with
Resistance between electrodes of A 0 realizes the detection of 0 retracted position of electrodes of A on TBM cutterhead.
2. the focusing depth measurement type three-dimensional induced polarization method detection system that a kind of TBM as described in claim 1 is carried, feature exist
In when the electrodes of A 1 is installed on the car, the flexible electrode telescopic device of driving electrodes of A 1 is by flexural pivot and admittedly
Fixed column connection on the car.
3. the focusing depth measurement type three-dimensional induced polarization method detection system that a kind of TBM as described in claim 1 is carried, feature exist
In the measuring electrode M is mounted on TBM cutterhead, realizes TBM knife by the resistance between detection N1 electrode and measuring electrode M
The detection of measuring electrode M retracted position on disk.
4. the focusing depth measurement type three-dimensional induced polarization method detection system that a kind of TBM as described in claim 1 is carried, feature exist
In determining measuring electrode M and country rock by resistance value between the pole measuring electrode M and infinite electrode N of measurement contact country rock
Whether contact condition is good；
By resistance value between the electrodes of A and the pole infinite electrode B of measurement contact country rock, electrodes of A and country rock are determined
Contact condition it is whether good.
5. the focusing depth measurement type three-dimensional induced polarization method detection system that a kind of TBM as described in claim 1 is carried, feature exist
In the hydraulic oil cylinder control valve of the electrode telescopic device receives the instruction of induced polarization exploration instrument, and control hydraulic cylinder drives
Dynamic cylinder rod is flexible, to drive the flexible of the electrode connecting with cylinder rod.
6. the focusing depth measurement type three-dimensional induced polarization method detection system that a kind of TBM as described in claim 1 is carried, feature exist
In the electrode seals further include: in the external bulge-structure being arranged for protecting cutterhead or shield of electrode opening.
7. the focusing depth measurement type three-dimensional induced polarization method detection system that a kind of TBM as described in claim 1 is carried, feature exist
In, further includes: multichannel slewing equipment；The multichannel slewing equipment includes: that multichannel swivel joint and setting are returned in the multichannel
Quick connector and/or multi-pin connector on adapter；The multichannel swivel joint includes: at least two layers concentric return bend and sets
Set several electric slip rings in the concentric revolution outer tube layer.
8. the focusing depth measurement type three-dimensional induced polarization method detection method that a kind of TBM is carried, which is characterized in that
The measuring electrode M and electrodes of A that control is mounted on TBM respectively stretch out, and contact with country rock；
By resistance value between the measuring electrode M and the pole infinite electrode N that is arranged on tunnel side wall of measurement contact country rock, really
Whether good determine measuring electrode M contact condition；
By resistance value between the electrodes of A and the pole infinite electrode B that is arranged on tunnel side wall of measurement contact country rock, really
Whether good determine electrodes of A contact condition；
After measuring electrode M and electrodes of A are contacted with country rock well respectively, induced polarization supplemental characteristic is acquired；
The electrodes of A includes the electrodes of A 0 being mounted on TBM cutterhead and the power supply being mounted on shield and/or trolley
Electrode A 1；The electrodes of A 1 being laid on shield and trolley forms shielding electric field, is laid in the power supply electricity in cutter head center region
Pole generates electric current, the static focusing bunching action generated by the effect and face center electric current that shield electric field, shape
At focusing effect；Simultaneously as the electrodes of A 1 for the multiple groups power supply number of rings laid on shield and trolley, so that supplying measure
Electrode spacing constantly increases, to realize that system has the function of depth measurement；
During electrode stretches out, by detecting the measuring electrode M being mounted on cutterhead or electrodes of A 0 and being mounted on cutterhead
The resistance between the N1 electrode in shield body realizes the detection to 0 retracted position of measuring electrode M on cutterhead or electrodes of A afterwards.
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| CN109736831B (en) * | 2019-03-12 | 2024-03-26 | 中铁工程装备集团有限公司 | Remote-control advanced tunneling TBM and construction method thereof |
| CN111220493B (en) * | 2019-09-06 | 2021-02-23 | 山东大学 | TBM (Tunnel boring machine) carrying type surrounding rock wear resistance testing system and method |
| CN110824568B (en) * | 2019-11-14 | 2021-10-08 | 山东大学 | Built-in focusing type electrical method water exploration system carried on shield tunneling machine cutter head and method |
| CN110989000B (en) * | 2019-12-20 | 2020-11-06 | 山东大学 | Multi-electrode focusing TBM advanced detection system and method based on anchor rod drilling |
| CN111220567B (en) * | 2020-01-20 | 2021-06-01 | 山东大学 | TBM (tunnel boring machine) carrying type rock alteration characteristic identification and geological prediction system and method thereof |
| CN111365010B (en) * | 2020-04-03 | 2021-08-27 | 中铁工程装备集团有限公司 | Method for judging hob state and performing geological inversion on shield tunneling machine |
| CN112415603A (en) * | 2020-10-16 | 2021-02-26 | 山东大学 | Induced polarization electrode detection device, system and method carried on TBM cutter head |
| CN114019523B (en) * | 2021-11-04 | 2022-05-17 | 中国水利水电第十二工程局有限公司 | Hydraulic engineering manages and uses range unit |
| CN114384593A (en) * | 2022-01-18 | 2022-04-22 | 中国地质科学院 | Distributed three-dimensional induced polarization data acquisition and processing device and method |
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