CN103076635B - Advanced detection system and method for TBM (Tunnel Boring Machine) tunnel construction based on forward three-dimensional induced polarization - Google Patents
Advanced detection system and method for TBM (Tunnel Boring Machine) tunnel construction based on forward three-dimensional induced polarization Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses an advanced detection system and method for TBM (Tunnel Boring Machine) tunnel construction based on forward three-dimensional induced polarization. By fully utilizing a narrow detection space of a full-face excavated tunnel, controlling the opening of cabin doors of a power supply and measuring electrode cabin and a shielding electrode cabin through controllers, and controlling corresponding hydraulic transmission devices to automatically and rapidly arrange power supply, measurement and shielding electrode systems onto a TBM tunneling working face and side wall bottom plates at the rear of the TBM tunneling working face, under the effect of a shielding current system, tomographic detection power supply current points to the front of the working face. By using the detection method based on the forward three-dimensional induced polarization, the three-dimensional geological information of the front of the working face can be obtained. Moreover, by using a relation between induced polarization half-time difference and water flow, the magnitude of the water flow of a water body can be quantitatively forecasted. In addition, the parameter, i.e. the half-time difference has a stronger ability of distinguishing free water and bound water.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates in the TBM construction tunnel carry out the field of the three-dimensional induced polarization method advanced prediction of forward direction, relate in particular to the three-dimensional induced polarization method forward probe apparatus system of a kind of TBM construction tunnel forward direction and method.
Background technology
In recent years, in constructing tunnel, adopt the ratio of complete-section tunnel boring machine (being called for short TBM) mechanical execution more and more higher, complete-section tunnel boring machine is to utilize rotating tool excavation, and country rock and driving in broken hole simultaneously form a kind of novel, the advanced tunnel construction machinery of whole tunnel cross-section.When using the TBM driving, one comparatively the distinct issues adaptability that to be exactly TBM machinery change geologic condition is poor, when the adverse geological conditions such as experience tomography, shatter belt, lithology interface, water-bearing structure, often cause TBM machinery to be buried the even mechanical major accident of scrapping by card, quilt.In order to reduce the risk that meets with above-mentioned accident in the TBM construction, the most effectively solution adopts Geological Prediction Technology to verify in advance the front of tunnel heading adverse geological condition exactly, and pre-establishes rational Disposal Measures and construction prediction scheme according to the geological condition in the place ahead.
But, still the special-purpose method for forecasting advanced geology of very ripe effective TBM construction tunnel both at home and abroad.For Preceding geology predictor and technology, TBM construction and drill bursting construction have the difference of internal: 1. TBM machinery is a huge monster, TBM machinery has occupied most spaces at tunnel tunnel face rear, that can't arrange seismic wave method advanced prediction commonly used at tunnel side wall excites shot point and receiving system, causes the seismic event advanced prediction technology such as TSP commonly used in the drilling and blasting method tunnel, TGP, TRT can't be applied in the TBM construction tunnel; 2. in TBM machinery, exist a large amount of hardwares and service cable huge to the interference of electromagnetic field, cause the common Geological Prediction Technology Effect on Detecting based on electromagnetic principle such as geological radar method, transient electromagnetic method and induced polarization method extremely undesirable, to such an extent as to can't be for the TBM construction tunnel.When 3. TBM constructs, the machinery overhaul time of nearly two hours of every day, when machinery overhaul, the TBM cutterhead retreats 2-5m, and this narrow space can be used to implement advance geologic prediction, and its narrow space and pot life are shorter.
With regard to the Geologic Advance Prediction Technology in current TBM construction tunnel, mainly contain following two kinds of methods: 1. a kind of is to utilize the leading rig of TBM machinery allocation to carry out horizontal drilling, this rig can only disclose the geological condition around boring, for not verifying with the crossing geologic body of holing, can not reflect the geological condition in the gamut of TBM workplace the place ahead, very easily omit unfavorable geology, cause wrong report, misrepresent deliberately and disaster hidden danger, and boring financial cost and time cost higher.2. another kind is BEAM (the Bore-Tunneling Electrical Ahead Monitoring) system of utilizing Germany's research and development, BEAM is a kind of one-dimensional focusing class induced polarization method, the shortcoming one of BEAM method is that testing apparatus is installed complexity, and the test duration is long, has a strong impact on construction speed; The curve of the each measurement result of the 2nd, BEAM method utilization and tunnel mileage is inferred the moisture situation in development end the place ahead, and detection range is little, does not adopt tomography to survey, and can't obtain the three-dimensional information of TBM workplace front geological body, also can't forecast the water yield.In addition, the applicable cases from the BEAM method in the several tunnels of China, forecast result is undesirable, is not promoted, and pending raising and perfect is arranged.
Visible, due to reasons such as space exploration are narrow and small, electromagnetic interference (EMI) is huge, pot life is shorter, cause still there is no very effectively practical Geological Prediction Technology and device at present in the TBM construction tunnel.
Summary of the invention
The objective of the invention is for overcoming above-mentioned the deficiencies in the prior art, the three-dimensional induced polarization method forward probe apparatus system of a kind of TBM construction tunnel forward direction and method are provided, its ultimate principle is at face surrounding or abutment wall backplane shielding electrode system, arrange chromatography detection power supply and measuring system on face, under the effect of bucking current system, chromatography is surveyed supply current and is pointed to front of tunnel heading, and now the TBM machinery at rear is very little to the electromagnetic interference (EMI) of surveying, and can ignore; Utilize the three-dimensional induced polarization exploration method of this forward direction can obtain the three-dimensional geological information of front of tunnel heading, and the water yield size of the quantitative forecast water content of the relation of the difference can utilize induced polarization partly to decline the time and the water yield.
For achieving the above object, the present invention adopts following technical proposals:
The three-dimensional induced polarization method forward probe of a kind of TBM construction tunnel forward direction apparatus system is provided with master-control room in the TBM main body, is provided with controller, the three-dimensional induced polarization transmitter of forward direction, the three-dimensional induced polarization receiver of forward direction in master-control room; Be provided with at least one power supply and potential electrode cabin on the cutterhead of TBM main body, multilayer rock coupling integration electrode and bracing or strutting arrangement and hatch door are installed on it, multilayer rock coupling integration electrode forms corresponding side line on workplace; At TBM body of work face rear, base plate is provided with transmitting electrode B and receiving electrode N, rock coupling integration electrode is connected with controller, the three-dimensional induced polarization transmitter of forward direction, the three-dimensional induced polarization receiver of forward direction by wire respectively, and transmitting electrode B is connected with the three-dimensional induced polarization transmitter of forward direction, the three-dimensional induced polarization receiver of forward direction respectively with receiving electrode N; Also be provided with guarded electrode cabin and delivery apparatus thereof in TBM body front end and surrounding, guarded electrode P is installed in the guarded electrode cabin; Also be provided with video monitoring devices in power supply and potential electrode cabin, it is connected with master-control room.
Two of the symmetrical left and right of described power supply and potential electrode cabin You YanTBM main center, the hatch door in power supply and potential electrode cabin is divided into upper and lower two fans, wherein one fans with tongue, and another fan is with fluted; Hatch door opens and closes and is controlled by controller.
Described bracing or strutting arrangement comprises three parallel survey line guide rods, between each survey line guide rod, by the vertical hydraulic jacking gear, connects, and at each survey line guide rod two ends, also is provided with the horizontal hydraulic pressure expanding unit, and the survey line guide rod in centre position is connected with the horizontal hydraulic pressure delivery apparatus; Rock coupling integration electrode is arranged on each survey line guide rod and both ends horizontal hydraulic pressure expanding unit; Between adjacent survey line guide rod, be 1.5m-2.0m.
Described rock coupling integration electrode comprises rock coupling electrodes of A and the rock coupling receiving electrode M two parts that integrate, wherein rock coupling electrodes of A comprises metal electrode, metal electrode is placed in the PVC shell, and the metal electrode top is the rock coupling material, and bottom is connected with wire; Rock coupling receiving electrode M comprises non-polarizing electrode, and it is placed in another PVC shell, and its top is electrode cap, and bottom is connected with wire.
Described video monitoring devices consists of preposition video camera and many window displays, preposition video camera is arranged in power supply and potential electrode cabin, and with illuminating lamp, and picture is transferred to display, display is installed in the TBM master-control room, and preposition video camera is controlled by controller.
Described guarded electrode cabin and delivery apparatus thereof comprise guarded electrode cabin, guarded electrode P, hydraulic pressure delivery apparatus, and divide workplace guarded electrode group and shield guarded electrode group according to installation site, workplace guarded electrode group is distributed in the outline line border of TBM main body cutterhead, in the location arrangements one of the TBM body front end rear 2-3m shield guarded electrode group of encircling for protection; Guarded electrode P comprises metal electrode, metal electrode is placed in the PVC shell, the metal electrode top is the rock coupling material, bottom is connected with wire, guarded electrode is arranged on hydraulic pressure delivery apparatus front end, the hydraulic pressure delivery apparatus is arranged in the guarded electrode cabin, and the guarded electrode cabin is provided with hatch door, and hatch door opens and closes and controlled by controller.
Transmitting electrode B on the base plate of described TBM body of work face rear and receiving electrode N are apart from TBM workplace 100-150m.
A kind of forward probe method of utilizing the three-dimensional induced polarization method forward probe of TBM construction tunnel forward direction apparatus system, utilize the three-dimensional induced polarization method forward probe of TBM construction tunnel forward direction apparatus system to arrange a circle guarded electrode P on the workplace outline line, arrange a circle guarded electrode on the abutment wall base plate of driving face rear 2-3m, arrange the parallel survey line that many rock coupling integration electrodes form on workplace; Establish transmitting electrode and receiving electrode on the base plate of workplace rear 100-150m;
Transmitting electrode and guarded electrode are fed to electric current in the same way, test respectively the electric potential difference of multilayer rock coupling integration electrode and base plate receiving electrode and while partly declining, and change that size of current is tested the electric potential difference of multilayer rock coupling integration electrode under different electric currents and base plate receiving electrode and while partly declining; The electric potential difference data that utilization records are carried out inverting, obtain the 3 D resistivity image of workplace front geological body, realize the three-dimensional localization of water content; With record partly decline the time draw the coordinate diagram that concerns of difference data while partly declining and horizontal range, calculate difference while partly declining and the envelope size of abscissa axis, draw out the two-dimensional cross section of envelope size, realize the estimation of workplace the place ahead water yield.
Each rock coupling electrodes of A on workplace is fed to positive current I
0, the transmitting electrode B on base plate feeds negative current-I
0On the workplace outline line and all guarded electrode P on the country rock of workplace rear feed with workplace on rock coupling electrodes of A positive current in the same way, the rock coupling receiving electrode M on the collecting work face is t with the electric potential difference U between receiving electrode N on base plate with while partly declining;
After each survey line has gathered data according to above-mentioned power supply and measuring method, each the single rock coupling electrodes of A on workplace is fed to positive current 2I
0, the transmitting electrode B on base plate is fed to negative current-I
0, the step of repeating above said collection data.
After data acquisition is complete, carry out the 3-d inversion imaging location of water-bearing structure, employing is based on processing such as barrier function method inequality constrain inverting iteration, the electric potential difference data U that above-mentioned steps records carries out inverting, obtain the 3 D resistivity image of workplace front geological body, realize the three-dimensional localization of water content; Adopt data t while partly declining to carry out workplace the place ahead instream flow estimate, by in above-mentioned steps, record partly decline the time data t, when decline in two and half of size two primary currents when power supply identical point positions data do poor, draw respectively the coordinate diagram that concerns of difference data while partly declining and horizontal range, difference when calculating partly declines and the envelope size St of abscissa axis, the linear positive correlation of big or small V according to envelope size St and the water yield, on the occasion of part, it is the response of the water yield, by the size of the estimation of the area on the occasion of the part water yield, and then realize the estimation to the geologic hazard source water yield.
The present invention has following beneficial effect:
1 > the present invention has carried out improvement and design to TBM machinery, the three-dimensional induced polarization method forward probe of the tunnel forward direction device that a kind of TBM mechanically assembles has been proposed, its critical piece comprised has power supply and potential electrode cabin and automatic stand device, guarded electrode cabin and delivery apparatus thereof, the three-dimensional induced polarization transmitter of forward direction, the three-dimensional induced polarization receiver of forward direction, video monitoring devices and controller, all increase and the improvement under existing inner space environment and apparatus system comprehensive consideration to TBM, can be well compatible with TBM.
2 > the present invention proposes a kind of power supply and potential electrode cabin and automatic stand device thereof and guarded electrode cabin and delivery apparatus thereof, can under the control of controller, automatically complete rapidly assigning a work of transmitting electrode system, potential electrode system and shielding electrode system, broken through the narrow and small difficult problem of full-face excavation tunnel Geological Advanced Prediction space exploration, and greatly improved the work efficiency of Geological Advanced Prediction, saved time cost and financial cost.
3 > the present invention proposes the three-dimensional induced polarization method forward probe of a kind of TBM construction tunnel forward direction method, adopt the forward detection mode, compared with existing BEAM method, there is better forward probe directive property, solve the difficult problem of side serious interference in the past, effectively improved the forecast distance; The method of employing chromatography is image data successively, can survey the three-dimensional information that obtains TBM driving face front geological body, and forecasts water cut, differentiation Free water and fetter waetr, has solved the difficult problem that three-dimensional water content is located and the water yield is forecast in the past.
The accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is forward probe device integral installation structural representation of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is that TBM driving face electrode system of the present invention is arranged schematic diagram.
Fig. 3 is TBM cutter head structure schematic diagram of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is electrode cabin door section of structure of the present invention.
Fig. 5 is the right cabin of power supply of the present invention and potential electrode cabin inner structure schematic diagram.
Fig. 6 is the right cabin door Unclosing structure of power supply of the present invention and potential electrode cabin schematic diagram.
Fig. 7 is guarded electrode cabin door Unclosing structure schematic diagram of the present invention.
Fig. 8 is power supply of the present invention and potential electrode cabin and automatic stand device, guarded electrode cabin and delivery apparatus thereof (comprising workplace guarded electrode group and shield guarded electrode group) Geological Advanced Prediction working state schematic representation thereof.
Fig. 9 is rock coupling integration electrode sectional view of the present invention.
Figure 10 is three-dimensional finite element inverting grid model schematic diagram of the present invention.
Figure 11 (a) is difference data and the detection level distance relation coordinate broken line graph (known water amount water body 1) of the present invention while partly declining.
Figure 11 (b) is difference data and the detection level distance relation coordinate broken line graph (known water amount water body 2) of the present invention while partly declining.
Figure 11 (c) is that the present invention surveys the known water amount water body gained water yield and envelope size relation curve twice.
Figure 12 be the actual Geological Advanced Prediction of the present invention record partly decline the time difference data and horizontal range relation curve.
Figure 13 is through the water yield that water amount-the parameters of electrical induction Database repairs obtains and envelope size relation curve.
Wherein, 1.TBM driving face, 2. country rock, 3. workplace the place ahead plastid poorly, 4.TBM main body, 5. cutterhead, 6. controller, 7. the three-dimensional induced polarization transmitter of forward direction, 8. the three-dimensional induced polarization receiver of forward direction, 9. master-control room, 10. bracing or strutting arrangement, 11. hydraulic pressure delivery apparatus, 12. workplace guarded electrode group, 13. rock coupling integration electrode, 14. hobboing cutter, 15. power supply and left cabin, potential electrode cabin, 16. power supply and right cabin, potential electrode cabin, 17. guarded electrode cabin, 18. fan tongue structure on the electrode cabin, 19. electrode cabin lower fan groove structure, 20. survey line guide rod, 21. horizontal hydraulic pressure delivery apparatus, 22. vertical hydraulic jacking gear, 23. horizontal hydraulic pressure expanding unit, 24. front-facing camera, 25. shield guarded electrode group, 26. non-polarizing electrode, 27. metal electrode, 28. wire, 29. electrode cap, 30. rock coupling material, 31.PVC shell
In addition, in Fig. 1, alphabetical implication is respectively A(rock coupling transmitting electrode), the B(transmitting electrode), M(rock coupling receiving electrode), the N(receiving electrode), the P(guarded electrode).
Embodiment
Below by instantiation and accompanying drawing, the present invention will be further elaborated.
All work of the present invention are all in the interior realization of TBM master-control room 9.The placement process of the power supply of paper TBM driving face and potential electrode system.
As shown in Figure 1, 2; when TBM main body 4 is tunneled forward; controller 6 is controlled the hatch door in the left cabin 15 of power supply and potential electrode cabin on cutterheads 5 and the right cabin 16 of power supply and potential electrode cabin in closed condition, not frayed with three layers of rock coupling integration electrode and the bracing or strutting arrangement 10 thereof of protection cabin interior.After TBM main body 4 stops driving, before starting Geological Advanced Prediction work, controller 6 is controlled the hatch door in power supply and left cabin 15, potential electrode cabin and the right cabin 16 of power supply and potential electrode cabin and is opened simultaneously, and controls three parallel survey line guide rods 20 that each horizontal hydraulic pressure delivery apparatus 21 will be embedded with rock coupling integration electrode 13 and push driving face 1 to.Hatch door is for biparting up and down, and on the electrode cabin, fan tongue structure 18 is with tongue, and electrode cabin lower fan groove structure 19 is with fluted, when closed, fit together perfectly, and good leak tightness.
When approaching workplace 1, controller 6 suspends horizontal hydraulic pressure delivery apparatus 21, starts vertical hydraulic jacking gear 22, by upper and lower two side line guide rods 20 make progress respectively, downward equidistant propelling movement 1.5m-2.0m.After being pushed into preset distance, controller 6 stops vertical hydraulic jacking gear 22, starts horizontal hydraulic pressure expanding unit 23, and each survey line guide rod 20 is extended to both sides respectively, guarantees that as much as possible the length of survey line guide rod 20 can reach the cross dimensions of whole driving face.Controller 6 stops horizontal hydraulic pressure expanding unit 23, start horizontal hydraulic pressure delivery apparatus 21, continue three parallel survey line guide rods 20 are pushed to TBM driving face 1, make complete and workplace 1 close contact of all rock coupling integration electrodes 13 on each survey line guide rod 20.Rock coupling integration electrode 13 is combinations of rock coupling electrodes of A and rock coupling receiving electrode M, as shown in Figure 9, wherein rock coupling electrodes of A comprises metal electrode 27, metal electrode 27 is placed in PVC shell 31, metal electrode 27 tops are rock coupling material 30, and bottom is connected with wire 28; Rock coupling receiving electrode M comprises non-polarizing electrode 26, and it is placed in another PVC shell 31, and its top is electrode cap 29, and bottom is connected with wire 28.
When rock coupling integration electrode 13 and workplace 1 close contact, metal electrode 27 and non-polarizing electrode 26 just are generally conducting resinl by coupling material 30() and the rock good coupling, coupling material 30 just is stored in electrode cap 29 inside, the design of PVC shell 31 be for parallel three survey line guide rods 20 between insulation, guarantee that supply current only is transferred to workplace 1.Power supply is pushed into to workplace 1 with left cabin 15, potential electrode cabin with the parallel three survey line guide rods 20 in the right cabin 16 in power supply and potential electrode cabin simultaneously, complete three parallel arrangement of measuring-lines on the face 1 of finishing the work.
Front-facing camera 24 is arranged on power supply and left cabin 15, potential electrode cabin and/or power supply and potential electrode cabin 16 inside, right cabin, be designed to prevent dust, waterproof and against shock, and with the lighting function, can clearly capture the process that electrode system is arranged on workplace, and picture is transferred on the many window displays in master-control room 9.On distance workplace 1 infinite point (as workplace rear 100m-150m) base plate, arrange a rock coupling transmitting electrode B and a rock coupling receiving electrode N.
Next, introduce the placement process of shielding electrode system.
Guarded electrode P is divided into workplace guarded electrode group 12 and shield guarded electrode group 25 two parts, and their structures are identical, as shown in Figure 7, includes a guarded electrode cabin 17, is provided with hydraulic pressure delivery apparatus 11 in it, and hydraulic pressure delivery apparatus 11 front ends are guarded electrode P.Guarded electrode P is identical with rock coupling electrodes of A structure, comprises metal electrode 27, and metal electrode 27 is placed in PVC shell 31, and metal electrode 27 tops are rock coupling material 30, and bottom is connected with wire 28.
The installation site of workplace guarded electrode group 12 is near cutterhead 5 outline lines (on cutterhead 5), and the installation site of shield guarded electrode group 25 is around shield one circle (on shield, apart from the about 2.0m-3.0m of workplace 1).When TBM main body 4 is tunneled forward, controller 6 is controlled guarded electrode cabin 17 hatch doors in closed condition, protects inner guarded electrode P and hydraulic pressure delivery apparatus 11 not frayed.After TBM main body 4 stops driving, before starting Geological Advanced Prediction work, controller 6 is controlled all guarded electrodes cabin 17 hatch doors and is opened, and control hydraulic pressure delivery apparatus 11 guarded electrode P is pushed on workplace 1 or workplace 1 rear (2.0m-3.0m) country rock 2, until all guarded electrode P and workplace 1 or workplace rear country rock 2 close contacts.Only by a metal electrode 27, there is no non-polarizing electrode 26 in guarded electrode P, belong to rock coupling transmitting electrode.
After electrode system has been arranged, just start the work of data acquisition.All transmitting electrodes and guarded electrode P are wired on the three-dimensional induced polarization transmitter 7 of forward direction, and all receiving electrodes are wired on the three-dimensional induced polarization receiver 8 of forward direction.The three-dimensional induced polarization transmitter 7 of forward direction can be launched the multiple-way supply electric current simultaneously, and the three-dimensional induced polarization receiver 8 of forward direction is for controlling receiving electrode and measure electric potential difference U and t while partly declining.After data acquisition is complete, data are carried out to the decipher processing, three-dimensional information the pre-measured moisture content of forecast TBM driving face 1 front geological body.Result can be presented on the many window displays in master-control room 6.
Below, introduce the implementation procedure of the three-dimensional induced polarization method forward probe of forward direction method.
1. the method that adopts the forward direction chromatography is image data successively, at first each rock coupling electrodes of A of 1 on workplace is fed to positive current I
0, the transmitting electrode B on base plate feeds negative current-I
0On workplace 1 outline line and all guarded electrode P on workplace 1 rear country rock feed with workplace 1 on rock coupling electrodes of A positive current in the same way, the rock coupling receiving electrode M on collecting work face 1 is t with the electric potential difference U between receiving electrode N on base plate with while partly declining.After all three surveys line have gathered data according to above-mentioned power supply and measuring method, each the single rock coupling electrodes of A on workplace 1 is fed to positive current 2I
0, the transmitting electrode B on base plate is fed to negative current-I
0, the step of repeating above said collection data.
2. data acquisition complete after, carry out the 3-d inversion imaging location of water-bearing structure, employing is processed based on barrier function method inequality constrain inverting iteration, the electric potential difference data U that above-mentioned steps records carries out inverting, obtain the 3 D resistivity image of workplace front geological body, realize the three-dimensional localization of water content.Concrete steps are as follows:
Consider Smoothing Constraint and inequality constrain, propose following inverting objective function:
Φ＝(d
obs-d
m)
T(d
obs-d
m)+λ(Cm)
T(Cm)）
subject to ρmin
i≤m
i≤ρmax
i
In formula, d
obsFor actual observation data, d
mFor just drilling the theoretical observation data obtained, m is model parameter vector, and C is the smoothness matrix, and λ is Lagrangian constant, has determined the weight of Smoothing Constraint, m
iBe the resistivity of i grid, ρ min
iWith ρ max
iBe respectively lower limit and the upper limit of the resistivity of i grid.The variation range that it is pointed out that resistivity can be the comparatively wide in range scope obtained according to general general knowledge, can be also the comparatively accurate scope obtained according to modes such as borings.
The minimum problem of asking formula (1) is a quadratic programming problem of typically carrying inequality constrain, to the processing of inequality constrain, is the key that solves this problem.Adopt barrier function method that the information of inequality constrain is embedded in objective function, on the basis of formula (1), construct augmented objective function, suc as formula (2):
In formula, the μ perseverance is greater than zero, is obstruction factor, and Φ ' is augmented objective function, and Φ is objective function, and F is the inequality constrain variable, and M is grid resistance rate number of parameters.
Adopt Newton method (Newton Method) to solve the optimization problem of augmented objective function, obtain following formula:
(A
TA+λC
TC+μ
kX
-2+μ
kY
-2)Δm
＝A
TΔd-λC
TCm+μ
k(X
-1-Y
-1)e
（3）
In formula, A is partial derivative matrix, and Δ m is the model parameter incremental vector, and Δ d is observation data, Δ d=d
obs-d
m, e=(1,1 ... 1)
T, Y is diagonal matrix, the diagonal entry of X matrix is m
i-ρ min
i(i=1,2, M), the diagonal entry of Y matrix is ρ max
i-m
i(i=1,2, M), μ
kThe strictly monotone decreasing of getting in computation process for μ and the sequence gone to zero.
System of linear equations (3) is the inversion imaging equation that contains inequality constrain, applying of barrier function makes the inverting hunting zone be limited in feasible zone, owing to having increased this important prior imformation of inequality constrain, make the inverting multi-solution improve, to improving efficiency of inverse process, there is positive role.
While carrying out inversion imaging, model three-dimensional finite element inverse model (as shown in figure 10), set the initial value of grid resistance rate, determines the variation range of grid resistance rate; Then, utilize Finite Element to carry out numerical value and just drill, just drilling medium-and-large-sized system of linear equations and utilizing the cholesky decomposition method to solve, obtain corresponding theoretical observation data d
mCarry out inverting convergence judgement, if the error between theoretical observation data and actual observation data meets convergence criterion, (convergence criterion is rus<ε
inv, wherein rus is observation data d
obsWith just drill theoretical value d
mBetween square error, ε
invAllowable value for the inverting convergence), the model parameter now obtained is exported as inversion result.Otherwise carry out next step calculating; Calculate partial derivative matrix, smoothness matrix and matrix X and Y, solve inversion equation (3), obtain model increment Delta m; Calculate model parameter of new generation, according to decreasing sequence of numbers, upgrade μ, carry out (2) step, enter next circulation.Until the theoretical observation data of just drilling is less than setting value (different according to the precision of inverting that the user requires, setting value is different, and inversion accuracy is high, and setting value is less, otherwise setting value is larger), output model parameter from the variance of measurement data.Thereby inverting obtains the 3 D resistivity image of workplace front geological body, realize the three-dimensional localization of water content.
3. adopt data t while partly declining to carry out workplace the place ahead instream flow estimate, by in above-mentioned steps, record partly decline the time data t, when decline in two and half of size two primary currents when power supply identical point positions data do poor, draw respectively the coordinate diagram that concerns of difference data while partly declining and horizontal range, difference when calculating partly declines and the envelope size St of abscissa axis, the linear positive correlation of big or small V according to envelope size St and the water yield, on the occasion of part, it is the response of the water yield, by the size of the estimation of the area on the occasion of the part water yield, and then realize the estimation to the geologic hazard source water yield.
While applying in concrete engineering, step is as follows:
At first find plural known water amount water body, carry out tentative detection, as shown in Figure 11 (a) and Figure 11 (b), obtain result of detection, and measure the water yield of the water-bearing structure after actual excavation, difference when setting up water yield V and sharp telecommunications breath St(and partly declining and the envelope size of transverse axis) preliminary mathematical linear relationship expression formula y=ax+b, as shown in Figure 11 (c), will survey the water yield and the difference data while partly declining is put into the water yield-parameters of electrical induction database.
In actual Geological Advanced Prediction work, utilize the mathematic(al) representation y=ax+b obtained in the water yield-parameters of electrical induction database and the difference data (as shown in figure 12) of surveying while partly declining to carry out instream flow estimate.
Measure the water content water yield after actual excavation, and correction predicted data (as shown in figure 13), to survey the water yield and the difference data while partly declining is put into the water yield-parameters of electrical induction database, then according to the data correction relationship in database, in order to carry out follow-up water yield forecast work.
Simultaneously, test figure also shows, the difference parameter while partly declining has stronger separating capacity for Free water and fetter waetr, the difference while partly declining on the occasion of the time, reflection be the water yield of free water; When the difference while partly declining is negative value, reflection be the situation that exists of irreducible water.
In the process of whole data acquisition, exciting of supply current and bucking current is to realize by the three-dimensional induced polarization transmitter 7 of the forward direction in master-control room 6, electric potential difference and to gather while partly declining and calculate be to realize by the three-dimensional induced polarization receiver 8 of the forward direction in master-control room 6, the 3 D resistivity image of the workplace front geological body obtained through inverting and the difference data while partly declining and the coordinate diagram that concerns of horizontal range will show on the multihead display device on operator's console.
The present invention not detailed description is prior art, repeats no more.
Claims (10)
1. the three-dimensional induced polarization method forward probe of a TBM construction tunnel forward direction apparatus system, is characterized in that, in the TBM main body, is provided with master-control room, is provided with controller, the three-dimensional induced polarization transmitter of forward direction, the three-dimensional induced polarization receiver of forward direction in master-control room; Be provided with at least one power supply and potential electrode cabin on the cutterhead of TBM main body, multilayer rock coupling integration electrode and bracing or strutting arrangement and hatch door are installed on it, multilayer rock coupling integration electrode forms corresponding survey line on workplace; At TBM body of work face rear, base plate is provided with transmitting electrode B and receiving electrode N, rock coupling integration electrode is connected with controller, the three-dimensional induced polarization transmitter of forward direction, the three-dimensional induced polarization receiver of forward direction by wire respectively, and transmitting electrode B is connected with the three-dimensional induced polarization transmitter of forward direction, the three-dimensional induced polarization receiver of forward direction respectively with receiving electrode N; Also be provided with guarded electrode cabin and delivery apparatus thereof in TBM body front end and surrounding, guarded electrode P is installed in the guarded electrode cabin; Also be provided with video monitoring devices in power supply and potential electrode cabin, it is connected with master-control room.
2. the three-dimensional induced polarization method forward probe of TBM construction tunnel forward direction as claimed in claim 1 apparatus system, it is characterized in that, two of the symmetrical left and right of described power supply and potential electrode cabin You YanTBM main center, the hatch door in power supply and potential electrode cabin is divided into upper and lower two fans, wherein a fan is with tongue, and another fan is with fluted; Hatch door opens and closes and is controlled by controller.
3. the three-dimensional induced polarization method forward probe of TBM construction tunnel forward direction as claimed in claim 1 apparatus system, it is characterized in that, described bracing or strutting arrangement comprises three parallel survey line guide rods, between each survey line guide rod, by the vertical hydraulic jacking gear, connect, also be provided with the horizontal hydraulic pressure expanding unit at each survey line guide rod two ends, the survey line guide rod in centre position is connected with the horizontal hydraulic pressure delivery apparatus; Rock coupling integration electrode is arranged on each survey line guide rod and both ends horizontal hydraulic pressure expanding unit.
4. the three-dimensional induced polarization method forward probe of as described as claim 1 or 3 TBM construction tunnel forward direction apparatus system, it is characterized in that, described rock coupling integration electrode comprises rock coupling electrodes of A and the rock coupling receiving electrode M two parts that integrate, wherein rock coupling electrodes of A comprises metal electrode, metal electrode is placed in the PVC shell, the metal electrode top is the rock coupling material, and bottom is connected with wire; Rock coupling receiving electrode M comprises non-polarizing electrode, and it is placed in another PVC shell, and its top is electrode cap, and bottom is connected with another wire.
5. the three-dimensional induced polarization method forward probe of TBM construction tunnel forward direction as claimed in claim 1 apparatus system, it is characterized in that, described video monitoring devices consists of preposition video camera and many window displays, preposition video camera is arranged in power supply and potential electrode cabin, and with illuminating lamp, and picture is transferred to display, and display is installed in the TBM master-control room, and preposition video camera is controlled by controller.
6. the three-dimensional induced polarization method forward probe of TBM construction tunnel forward direction as claimed in claim 1 apparatus system, it is characterized in that, described guarded electrode cabin and delivery apparatus thereof comprise guarded electrode cabin, guarded electrode P, hydraulic pressure delivery apparatus, and divide workplace guarded electrode group and shield guarded electrode group according to installation site, workplace guarded electrode group is distributed in the outline line border of TBM main body cutterhead, in the location arrangements one of the TBM body front end rear 2-3m shield guarded electrode group of encircling for protection; Guarded electrode P comprises metal electrode, metal electrode is placed in the PVC shell, the metal electrode top is the rock coupling material, bottom is connected with wire, guarded electrode is arranged on hydraulic pressure delivery apparatus front end, the hydraulic pressure delivery apparatus is arranged in the guarded electrode cabin, and the guarded electrode cabin is provided with hatch door, and hatch door opens and closes and controlled by controller.
7. the three-dimensional induced polarization method forward probe of TBM construction tunnel forward direction as claimed in claim 1 apparatus system, is characterized in that, the transmitting electrode B on the base plate of described TBM body of work face rear and receiving electrode N are apart from TBM workplace 100-150m.
8. a forward probe method of utilizing the three-dimensional induced polarization method forward probe of TBM construction tunnel forward direction claimed in claim 1 apparatus system, it is characterized in that, utilize the three-dimensional induced polarization method forward probe of TBM construction tunnel forward direction apparatus system to arrange a circle guarded electrode P on the workplace outline line, arrange a circle guarded electrode on the abutment wall base plate of driving face rear 2-3m, arrange the parallel survey line that many rock coupling integration electrodes form on workplace; Establish transmitting electrode and receiving electrode on the base plate of workplace rear 100-150m;
Transmitting electrode and guarded electrode are fed to electric current in the same way, test respectively the electric potential difference of multilayer rock coupling integration electrode and base plate receiving electrode and while partly declining, and change that size of current is tested the electric potential difference of multilayer rock coupling integration electrode under different electric currents and base plate receiving electrode and while partly declining; The electric potential difference data that utilization records are carried out inverting, obtain the 3 D resistivity image of workplace front geological body, realize the three-dimensional localization of water content; With record partly decline the time draw the coordinate diagram that concerns of difference data while partly declining and horizontal range, calculate difference while partly declining and the envelope size of abscissa axis, draw out the two-dimensional cross section of envelope size, realize the estimation of workplace the place ahead water yield.
9. the forward probe method of the three-dimensional induced polarization method forward probe of TBM construction tunnel forward direction as claimed in claim 8 apparatus system, is characterized in that, each rock coupling electrodes of A on workplace is fed to positive current I
0, the transmitting electrode B on base plate feeds negative current-I
0On the workplace outline line and all guarded electrode P on the country rock of workplace rear feed with workplace on rock coupling electrodes of A positive current in the same way, the rock coupling receiving electrode M on the collecting work face is t with the electric potential difference U between receiving electrode N on base plate with while partly declining;
After each survey line has gathered data according to above-mentioned power supply and measuring method, each the single rock coupling electrodes of A on workplace is fed to positive current 2I
0, the transmitting electrode B on base plate is fed to negative current-I
0, the step of repeating above said collection data.
10. the forward probe method of the three-dimensional induced polarization method forward probe of TBM construction tunnel forward direction as claimed in claim 8 apparatus system, it is characterized in that, after data acquisition is complete, carry out the 3-d inversion imaging location of water-bearing structure, the least square inverting iterative processing of employing based on Smoothing Constraint, the electric potential difference data U that above-mentioned steps records carries out inverting, obtains the 3 D resistivity image of workplace front geological body, realizes the three-dimensional localization of water content, adopt data t while partly declining to carry out workplace the place ahead instream flow estimate, by in above-mentioned steps, record partly decline the time data t, when decline in two and half of size two primary currents when power supply identical point positions data do poor, draw respectively the coordinate diagram that concerns of difference data while partly declining and horizontal range, difference when calculating partly declines and the envelope size St of abscissa axis, the linear positive correlation of big or small V according to envelope size St and the water yield, on the occasion of part, it is the response of the water yield, size by the estimation of the area on the occasion of the part water yield, and then realization is to the estimation of the geologic hazard source water yield, utilize the characteristic of the difference while partly declining, distinguish Free water and fetter waetr, difference while partly declining on the occasion of the time, what reflect is the water yield of free water, when the difference while partly declining is negative value, reflection be the situation that exists of irreducible water.
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| CN2013100051329A CN103076635B (en) | 2013-01-07 | 2013-01-07 | Advanced detection system and method for TBM (Tunnel Boring Machine) tunnel construction based on forward three-dimensional induced polarization |
| PCT/CN2013/000041 WO2014106308A1 (en) | 2013-01-07 | 2013-01-17 | Advanced detection device, system and method using forward three-dimensional induced polarization for tbm construction tunnel |
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