CN103058735B - Humus acid urea fertilizer and anhydrous preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Humus acid urea fertilizer and anhydrous preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN103058735B CN103058735B CN201210568731.7A CN201210568731A CN103058735B CN 103058735 B CN103058735 B CN 103058735B CN 201210568731 A CN201210568731 A CN 201210568731A CN 103058735 B CN103058735 B CN 103058735B
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Abstract
The invention discloses humus acid urea fertilizer and an anhydrous preparation method of the humus acid urea fertilizer. The humus acid urea fertilizer is prepared by raw materials in a compound mode. The raw materials comprise, by weight, 5-60 parts of active humus acid, 30-90 parts of urea and 1-10 parts of binding agents. Further provided is the preparation method for the humus acid urea fertilizer. The preparation method particularly comprises the steps of mixing the urea and the active humus acid in proportion, heating until melting to a fusing solution, adding the binding agents, mixing, obtaining compound slurry, and then pelleting, sieving and obtaining the humus acid urea fertilizer. Further provided is a device for production of the humus acid urea fertilizer. The humus acid urea fertilizer is granular, convenient to package, transport, and use, good in fertilizing effect, low in cost, free of pollution in the production process, and valuable in great popularization.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to fertilizer, particularly relate to a kind of UHA fertilizer and anhydrous manufacture method thereof.
Background technology
Shi Ge large agricultural country of China, Ye Shiyige populous nation, uses loose state for one especially.Humic acids and inorganic nitrogen fertilizer are all widely used in agriculture production, all played huge effect, but all there is serious deficiency in the agricultural application of reality.First, the urea in inorganic nitrogen fertilizer is the nitrogen manure that China's agricultural needs amount is maximum, use range is the widest.But after being manured into soil, because the effect of urase, nitrifier or high temperature, high humidity makes urea decompose loss very soon, generally only have about 30-35% (reaching 50-60% in developed country) in the utilization ratio of China.According to statistics, about 2,000 ten thousand tons, the pure nitrogen of China's applied nitrogen in 1996, if calculate with average loss 45%, the fertilizer amount of then losing nitrogenous fertilizer reaches 9,000,000 tons, be equivalent to more than 1,900 ten thousand tons of urea lose in vain, by constant price, amount to loss more than 260 hundred million yuans, within 2007, direct economic loss is up to 68,000,000,000 yuan, not only financial loss is huge, and urea decomposition transforms the nitrate formed, nitrite, oxynitrides serious environment pollution, cause water pollution, cause acid rain, worsen environment for human survival, the indirect loss caused reaches 1,000 hundred million yuan, solution utilization rate of nitrogen fertilizer and fertilizer efficiency problem have become the key subjects involved the interests of the state and the people.
Simultaneously, humic acid fertilizer have also been obtained and applies widely along with the promotion of CHINESE INDUSTRIES policy, the popularization of technique of balanced fertilizer, a lot of fertilizer class enterprise using the peat composed of rotten mosses, weathered coal, brown coal etc. as organic matter material, not through process in early stage, the activation of physics or chemistry, directly enter work program, this way does not give full play to the effect of humic acids, serious waste manpower, financial resources and natural resources.Process owing to there is no the early stage of humic acids, activate, just can not play rapidly the huge function of humic acids after being manured into soil, fertilizer efficiency is had a greatly reduced quality, also give applying to bring and having a strong impact on of fertilizer.
Therefore, how to improve the utilization ratio of nitrogenous fertilizer, promote the vital role of humic acids in agriculture production, become the great research topic of domestic and international fertilizer circle.
The Humic Acid Industry of China, through nearly five more than ten years, has entered the key stage of practical application especially through develop rapidly in recent years.
Research shows, the humic acids after activation, flocculates in soil, becomes a kind of jointing compound, the grogs of dispersion gummed can be got up, form the granule mechanism that water stability is good, thus effectively reduce capacity, improve soil enzyme activity.Simultaneously because air capacity is large, sufficient C, N element supply soil microorganisms can be provided, add contain phenolic hydroxyl group, can mutually transform between quinonyl isoreactivity gene, thus promote microbial metabolism and grow, strengthen microorganism active, to the various microorganism in soil and enzyme, there is activation.
In addition, humic acids also has the synergism to chemical fertilizer, to the hormesis of crop growth, improve the anti-adversity of crop, improve crop and fruit quality, reduce Stoma of Leaves opening degree, reduce the resisting drought saving water performance of moisture transpiration, the slow releasing function etc. to agricultural chemicals.
The excellent moral character of humic acids, what determine it extensively utilizes space and usefulness, along with going deep into further of research, will in the discharge controlling greenhouse gases, desert treatment, huge effect has been given play in the aspects such as Soil degradation (or harmful of soil) reparation.
About the consumption of current China urea accounts for the half of nitrogenous fertilizer total amount, the beginning of next century will be increased to more than 60%, and therefore, it is urea that the emphasis fertilizer improving utilization rate of nitrogen fertilizer is planted.Long-actingization of urea, slow are the basic measures improving its utilization ratio and fertilizer efficiency.Since the sixties, domestic and international chemurgy scholar is engaged in the synergy research of urea always, and its approach roughly has three kinds; The first is additive process, in urea melting liquid, namely adds urease activity suppress or nitrobacteria activity inhibitor.So far existing more than 70 kind of urease inhibitor and more than 100 kind of nitrobacteria inhibitor are through on probation; The second is parcel (coating), and its bag is coated with material sulphur, resin, plastics, pitch, phosphoric acid salt etc.; The third is condensation methods, mainly macromole indissoluble thing synthesized by urea aldehyde, as IBDU etc.China's additive process long-acting carbamide and coating urea have obtained many achievements, and the corresponding minimizing of volatilization of nitrogen, just widelys popularize application.But above three kinds of synergy methods all exist the problems such as complex manufacturing, cost additive that is high or that have be toxic, fail scale operation and application.Both at home and abroad relevant scholar has turned to goal in research and has found on cheap and effective area synergist and synergisting method, is wherein grow with each passing day to the interest of coal humic acid (HA).
As far back as the 60 to 70's, Japan just announced about HA and urea make the patent of UHA through complex reaction, but operational condition is very harsh.Such as temperature of reaction is up to 150 DEG C, the organic solvents such as liquid nitrogen (pressurization) and formaldehyde, ethanol, propyl alcohol are used to do medium, or by HA-urea-formaldehyde knot be condensed into insoluble slow released fertilizer, but all because production cost and technical reason do not carry out industrial test and large-scale agricultural applications so far.In the recent period, Agrosiong company of the U.S. has manufactured experimently " composite urea " of similar UHA, and research and development and agricultural experiment have remarkable progress, but due to shortage HA raw material and technical skill, development & production is obstructed.
China's middle nineteen seventies starts at agriculturally large-scale promotion application HA, and the eighties, the Ministry of Agriculture organized national 30 Duo Ge research units to evaluate the synergistic function of chemical fertilizer particularly urea with regard to HA, drew conclusion certainly.To the nineties, still have some units to carry out the research of HA to urea Synergistic Mechanisms, most people thinks that the reason of its synergy is from the restraining effect of HA to soil urease.But up to the present, all HA class fertilizer of China is nearly all that HA and chemical fertilizer form through mechanically mixing, and technique is backwardness comparatively, and reaction effect is poor, and result of use is restricted, the report of so far there are no UHA process exploitation, production and agriculture aspect.
Summary of the invention
For improving the utilising efficiency of humic acids and nitrogenous fertilizer, and it is backward to solve current HA class Production of manure technique, the problem that result of use is limited, and the present invention aims to provide a kind of UHA fertilizer and anhydrous manufacture method thereof.
A kind of UHA provided by the invention is fertile, is become: activated humic acid 5-60 part, 30 ~ 90 parts, urea, binding agent 1 ~ 10 part by the mixed raw material of following weight part.
Wherein, active humic acid is obtain after weathered coal humic acid or peat composed of rotten mosses humic acid activation treatment, and described activation treatment is Low Temperature Plasma Treating 1-3 minute.
Wherein, binding agent is sodium bentonite.
Active humic acid, urea, binding agent are all commercially available.
The present invention also provides the method preparing described UHA fertilizer, comprises the steps:
1) will, in proportion by urea and active humic acid mixing, be heated to melt for fused solution;
2) in the fused solution described in step 1), add binding agent in proportion, stir and make mixed slurry in 3-5 minute;
3) by step 2) in mixed slurry granulation, sieve, obtain UHA fertilizer.
Wherein, sieve described in and refer to that retaining particle diameter is the particle of 2-3.5 millimeter, removes other size particles.
The present invention also provides the equipment of the described UHA fertilizer of a set of production, is made up of stirrer, heating container, high tower granulator, low-temperature plasma.
The present invention also provides described UHA the fertile application as fertilizer.
The exploitation of the long-acting organic nitrogenous fertilizer of UHA (HAN), opens a Tiao Xin road for China produces cheap, nontoxic, free of contamination long-acting carbamide, also for extensive, extensive, the efficient application of humic acids provide new direction.Beneficial effect of the present invention is:
(1) cost is low, and reaction medium is cheap and easy to get, does not need to carry out pre-treatment, without organic solvent.
(2) less energy consumption.
(3) pollution-free, under active additive participation condition, humic acids directly and urea react.
(4) product is particulate state, is convenient to packed and transported, is convenient to use.
Embodiment
Following examples for illustration of the present invention, but are not used for limiting the scope of the invention.Raw materials usedly in embodiment be: peat composed of rotten mosses humic acid (Linyi, Shandong Yuan Feng humic acid plant, 120 orders), weathered coal humic acid (Linyi, Shandong Yuan Feng humic acid plant, 100 orders), urea (Shandong Tancheng fertilizer plant, nitrogenous 46%), binding agent (the grand wilkinite factory in Linyi, Shandong, 120 orders).
The manufacture of embodiment 1 UHA fertilizer of the present invention
The raw material of the present embodiment is: peat composed of rotten mosses humic acid 60kg, urea 30kg, binding agent 10kg.
With low-temperature plasma (D300, Changchun Bei Yuan energy-saving environmental protection device company limited) by peat composed of rotten mosses humic acid activation treatment 3 minutes.
By the peat composed of rotten mosses humic acid starting material after solid urea and activation treatment are expected in heating container, with stirrer batch mixing, after heating and melting, become fused solution, in fused solution, add binding agent, stir and carry out complex reaction, stir and make mixed slurry in 5 minutes.Mixed slurry is sent into high tower granulator (model 105-16, Linyi, Shandong chemical) and is carried out sprinkling granulation.In granulation process, material is from high tower decline process, interacts, drop at the bottom of tower with it after carrying out heat exchange with the air resistance risen at the bottom of tower, fall into the granule materials at the bottom of tower, through screening process, salable product particle diameter is 2-3.5 millimeter, obtains UHA fertilizer.
The manufacture of embodiment 2 UHA fertilizer of the present invention
The raw material of the present embodiment is: weathered coal humic acid 5kg, urea 90kg, binding agent 5kg.
With low-temperature plasma (D300, Changchun Bei Yuan energy-saving environmental protection device company limited) by weathered coal humic acid activation treatment 3 minutes.
By the weathered coal humic acid starting material after solid urea and activation treatment are expected in heating container, with stirrer batch mixing, after heating and melting, become fused solution, in fused solution, add binding agent, stir and carry out complex reaction, stir and make mixed slurry in 3 minutes.Mixed slurry is sent into high tower granulator (model 105-16, Linyi, Shandong chemical) and is carried out sprinkling granulation.In granulation process, material is from high tower decline process, interacts, drop at the bottom of tower with it after carrying out heat exchange with the air resistance risen at the bottom of tower, fall into the granule materials at the bottom of tower, through screening process, salable product particle diameter is 2-3.5 millimeter, obtains UHA fertilizer.
The character of embodiment 3 UHA fertilizer of the present invention
The chemical transformation that there occurs extremely complexity prepared in institute's process by humic acids and urea, various active oxygen-containing functional group has all participated in reaction, wherein hydroxyl has the greatest impact to reaction depth, and it not only forms a large amount of hydrogen bond or complex coordination key with urea molecule, and has a certain amount of CO
2-NH
4ionic linkage, phenolic group has similar effect, but ionization tendency is more weak, the main and urea-NH of quinone (aldehyde) base
4 +there is addition reaction, form C=N key; Quinonyl likely participates in reaction with free radical part form.These keys have higher stability, and this may be the one of the main reasons that HAN nitrogen utilization efficiency is high, fertilizer efficiency is long.
By the measuring method of GB17767.1-2010 organic-inorganic complex fertilizer, detect UHA fertilizer prepared by embodiment 1 and 2, result shows that UHA fertilizer prepared by embodiment 1 and 2 is made up of four parts:
1) participate in humic acid and the urea moiety of reaction, this part accounts for about 15% of urea total amount, accounts for 20% of total amount of humic acid;
2) free urea accounts for 85% of total amount;
3) active humic acid, accounts for 60% of total amount of humic acid;
4) primary shape humic acid accounts for 20% of total amount of humic acid.
The fertile effect in tomato production of embodiment 4 UHA of the present invention
According to Ministry of Agriculture's " registration management of fertilizer way " and agricultural industry criteria " fertilizer effect qualification field demonstration test technical specifications ", be the fertile effect in tomato production of checking UHA of the present invention, carry out the present embodiment.
Test site: Ma Jia defensive wall village, defensive wall town, Weifang, Shandong Province Changyi City.
Fertilizer: UHA of the present invention is fertile, and amount of application is every mu of 70kg see embodiment 1, contrast the urea into nitrogen quantity such as use and UHA of the present invention fertilizer, application process is for spreading fertilizer over the fields.
The crop of plantation: tomato.
Test plot basic condition: soil is brown earth, the light earth of quality, medium fertility level, soil fertility is even, and organic 13.2%, alkali-hydrolyzable nitrogen 41.3mg/kg, rapid available phosphorus 44.5mg/kg, available potassium 106.3g/kg, UHA fertilizer process 8.0 mu, plot (being equally divided into 4 families) of the present invention, check plot area 4.0 mu (average mark gives 4 same families).
Field management: except fertilizer difference, the field management of process and contrast, comprises phosphorus potash fertilizer, kind, waters, weeding, the measure such as the prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control be all consistent.
The fertile effect in tomato production of table 1 UHA
Experimental result is in table 1: the tomato average yield per mu 2205kg in contrast plot, the tomato average yield per mu of using the fertile plot of UHA of the present invention is 2366.3kg, comparatively contrast volume increase 264kg per mu, average volume increase 12.0%, carry out otherness to tomato yield test-results to compare, t=1.46.4 > t
0.01=5.84, illustrate that UHA of the present invention fertilizer reaches pole conspicuous level to the raising effect of tomato yield.
Tomato is by wholesale price 3.0 yuan/kg, and the fertile every mu of consumption of UHA closes 120 yuan, and each mu working hour expense that uses is by 10.0 yuan, and on average every mu of volume increase is worth 792 yuan, and mu has a net increase of the output value 662 yuan, and input-output ratio is 1:6.
This enforcement shows that UHA of the present invention fertilizer has good application effect, can obtain good economic benefit.
Although above the present invention is described in detail with a general description of the specific embodiments, on basis of the present invention, can make some modifications or improvements it, this will be apparent to those skilled in the art.Therefore, these modifications or improvements without departing from theon the basis of the spirit of the present invention, all belong to the scope of protection of present invention.
Claims (4)
1. a UHA fertilizer, is become by the mixed raw material of following weight part: activated humic acid 5-60 part, 30 ~ 90 parts, urea, binding agent 1 ~ 10 part;
Described active humic acid is obtain after weathered coal humic acid or peat composed of rotten mosses humic acid activation treatment, and described activation treatment is with Low Temperature Plasma Treating 1-3 minute;
Binding agent is sodium bentonite;
Described UHA fertilizer is prepared as follows:
1) will, in proportion by urea and active humic acid mixing, be heated to melt for fused solution;
2) in proportion in step 1) described in fused solution in add binding agent, stir and make mixed slurry in 3-5 minute;
3) by step 2) in mixed slurry granulation, sieve, obtain UHA fertilizer.
2. prepare the method for UHA fertilizer described in claim 1, comprise the steps:
1) will, in proportion by urea and active humic acid mixing, be heated to melt for fused solution;
2) in proportion in step 1) described in fused solution in add binding agent, stir and make mixed slurry in 3-5 minute;
3) by step 2) in mixed slurry granulation, sieve, obtain UHA fertilizer.
3. prepare the method for UHA fertilizer according to claim 2, it is characterized in that, described in sieve and refer to that retaining particle diameter is the particle of 2-3.5 millimeter, removes other size particles.
4. the fertile application as fertilizer of UHA described in claim 1.
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Cited By (1)
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|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2016112492A1 (en) * | 2015-01-13 | 2016-07-21 | Xi'an Derun Biotechnology Co., Ltd. | A plasma preparation applied to plant disease control and growth promoting and its preparation method |
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| CN104557306A (en) * | 2014-12-31 | 2015-04-29 | 山东海森现代农业专业合作联合社 | Droughty thin soil cultivation-oriented organic fertilizer, preparation method and application |
| CN106045698A (en) * | 2016-06-06 | 2016-10-26 | 广西美耕生物科技有限公司 | Fertilizer granulation additive and preparation method thereof |
| CN105969399A (en) * | 2016-06-06 | 2016-09-28 | 广西美耕生物科技有限公司 | Organic soil activating agent and preparation method thereof |
| JOP20190195A1 (en) * | 2017-02-14 | 2019-08-15 | Univ Navarra | Humic substance-encapsulated particles, compositions and method of making the same. |
| CN106748576A (en) * | 2017-03-22 | 2017-05-31 | 新疆心连心能源化工有限公司 | A kind of humic acid potassium urea and preparation method thereof |
| CN108395352A (en) * | 2018-02-08 | 2018-08-14 | 龙蟒大地农业有限公司 | A kind of humic acid urea and preparation method thereof and the composition for being used to prepare humic acid urea |
| CN109206252A (en) * | 2018-11-20 | 2019-01-15 | 四川金象赛瑞化工股份有限公司 | A kind of nitro humus acid urea fertilizer and preparation method thereof |
| CN109608284A (en) * | 2018-12-28 | 2019-04-12 | 云南云叶化肥股份有限公司 | A kind of preparation and application of the humic acid complex fertilizer containing active microorganism |
| CN113698248A (en) * | 2021-10-11 | 2021-11-26 | 重庆建峰化工股份有限公司 | Efficient ecological urea fertilizer and preparation method thereof |
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| SU1182017A1 (en) * | 1984-01-16 | 1985-09-30 | Vera A Matrosova | Method of producing phosphorus-potassium fertilizers |
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| WO2016112492A1 (en) * | 2015-01-13 | 2016-07-21 | Xi'an Derun Biotechnology Co., Ltd. | A plasma preparation applied to plant disease control and growth promoting and its preparation method |
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