CN103053834B - Feed with addition of enteromorpha algae and asparagus for siganids and method for preparing same - Google Patents
Feed with addition of enteromorpha algae and asparagus for siganids and method for preparing same Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The present invention relates to a feed with addition of enteromorpha algae and asparagus for siganids and a method for preparing the same. The feed for siganids includes fish meal, soybean meal, seaweed powder, fish oil, soybean oil, tapioca starch and excipients. According to the feed for siganids, the algae-eating character of the siganids is fully taken advantage of, and based on the feeding preference for large algae and digestion and the utilization rate for algae of the siganids, the enteromorpha algae and the asparagus are selected to be used as raw materials for the seaweed powder. The invention also provides the method for preparing the feed for the siganids. By using algae feed in the feed of the present invention, the usage amount of fish meal can be reduced by 10%, the protein level required by fingerlings is reduced by 2-3%, so the feed with addition of enteromorpha algae and asparagus for siganids is an efficient, low-cost feed with great promotional value.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of blue sub-fish meal, especially a kind of sub-fish meal of indigo plant adding Enteromorpha and asparagus, belongs to aquatic feeds field.
Background technology
Enteromorpha (Enteromorpha intestinalis) is Chlorophyta tangleweed, but lacks rationally, effective utilization ways at China coast aboundresources; Moreover, grown " the green tide " that cause by the burst of Enteromorpha, often catastrophic effect is caused to Near shore environment.In fact, Enteromorpha rich in nutritive value is the algae of the phytophagous seawater fish eating such as Lan Ziyu, gold drum fish.Blue sub-fish natural food is tangleweed, outstanding eating Enteromorpha and asparagus (Gracilarialemaneiformis).Comparatively predacious fish is low to the demand of albumen for Lan Ziyu, is 29-34%; In feed, the ratio of vegetable protein source Peru Fish Dietary can reach 40%(Wang Shu and opens, Marine Sciences, 2010,34:18-22).This fish delicious flavour, rich in nutritive value are the marine fish of southeastern coastal areas great exploitation potential for its.Therefore, if the tangleweed such as Enteromorpha, asparagus to be developed as blue sub-fish meal raw material, by the huge economic benefit of generation and ecological benefits.
Although the algae of Enteromorpha, the asparagus sub-fish eating that is wild indigo plant, our research finds, the speed of growth of the Lan Ziyu of throw something and feed separately Enteromorpha or asparagus to be thrown something and fed group not as good as mixed feed; But marine alga can improve the nutritional quality (increasing essential amino acid and content of polyunsaturated fatty acid) of blue sub-fish tissue and the oxidation resistance of fish body.According to another report, add in mixed feed by 10% Enteromorpha, the growth indexes of Lan Ziyu significantly reduces (Yousifet al., Emir JAgric Sci, 2004,16:18-26).This illustrates, the simple seaweed fodder adding Enteromorpha there is no advantage in application aspect.We are by finding the nutritional labeling of the marine alga of the sub-fish eating of indigo plant and the mensuration of apparent digestibility, Lan Ziyu is the highest to the albumen of asparagus, fat utilization rate and energy transformation ratio, the highest to the utilization rate of Enteromorpha crude fibre and total soluble sugar, the two combination can play the effect of mutual supplement with each other's advantages.Along this thinking, and in conjunction with the adjustable feature of mixed feed component ratio, add the application of enzyme preparation, through test of many times, we finally obtain seaweed fodder formula of the present invention.
Summary of the invention
The object of this invention is to provide a kind of sub-fish meal of indigo plant adding Enteromorpha and asparagus.
Another object of the present invention is to provide the preparation method of the sub-fish meal of indigo plant adding Enteromorpha and asparagus.
In order to realize object of the present invention, the invention provides a kind of sub-fish meal of indigo plant adding Enteromorpha and asparagus and comprising: fish meal, dregs of beans, seawood meal, fish oil, soya-bean oil, tapioca and auxiliary material.
Described feed each constituent mass percentage is as follows: fish meal 18-25%; Dregs of beans 28-32%; Seawood meal 20-25%; Fish oil 1.5-2.5%; Soya-bean oil 2-3%; Tapioca 10-15%; And other auxiliary materials 9-12%.
Described seawood meal is made up of Enteromorpha and asparagus, both mixed proportion 1:1;
Described auxiliary material comprises B B-complex and composite ore material; Wherein B B-complex mass percent 1-2%, composite ore material mass percent 1-2%.
Described feed comprises complex enzyme formulation and compound micro-ecological preparation;
Described auxiliary material is Powdered Soy Lecithin, alphalise starch, DL-METHIONINE, calcium monohydrogen phosphate, Choline Chloride, in ascorbic acid one or more.
Described complex enzyme formulation mass percent is 0.1-0.5%;
Described compound micro-ecological preparation mass percent is 0.1-0.5%;
Described auxiliary material each constituent mass percentage is as follows: B B-complex 1-2%, composite ore material 1-2%, Powdered Soy Lecithin 1-2%, alphalise starch 5-7%, DL-METHIONINE 0.2-0.5%, calcium monohydrogen phosphate 0.2-0.5%, Choline Chloride 0.2-0.5%, ascorbic acid 0.2-0.5%.
Protein content 60-70% in described fish meal, fat content≤10%; Protein content 40-50% in described dregs of beans.
A preparation method for the sub-fish meal of indigo plant, described preparation method comprises:
Step 1, collection: gather wild Enteromorpha and asparagus, as seawood meal raw material;
Step 2, pulverizing: Enteromorpha and asparagus are dried or dried, then undertaken just pulverizing and ultramicro grinding by Enteromorpha, asparagus, fish meal and dregs of beans with sample mill and pulverizer;
Step 3, mixing: in proportion by Enteromorpha, asparagus, fish meal and dregs of beans mixing, and add tapioca and auxiliary material, obtain material A;
Step 4, expanded: material A enters that expanded pellet diet machine is expanded obtains material B;
Step 5, to mix again: fish oil, soya-bean oil are mixed in proportion, obtains material C;
Step 6, spraying: material C is sprayed on material B, absorbs completely, obtain the finished feed that seawood meal content is 20-25%.
Wherein, in described step 2, all material fineness need reach 100-120 order;
In described step 3, auxiliary material is Powdered Soy Lecithin, alphalise starch, DL-METHIONINE, calcium monohydrogen phosphate, Choline Chloride, in ascorbic acid one or more;
The moisture adjusting material A in described step 4 reaches 30% laggard expanded pellet diet machine, and swelling temperature is 120 DEG C;
Be 0.8 ~ 1:1 by fish oil, soya-bean oil mixed proportion in described step 5;
In described step 6, material C is sprayed on material B by 4.5 ~ 5.5% ratio uniform.
Wherein, described step 5 adds complex enzyme formulation and compound micro-ecological preparation; Described complex enzyme formulation mass percent is 0.1-0.5%; Described compound micro-ecological preparation mass percent is 0.1-0.5%.
In the present invention, complex enzyme formulation should comprise non-starch polysaccharide enzyme and cellulase components; B B-complex, compound micro-ecological preparation, composite ore material are understood by those skilled in the art, it is conventional aquatic product additive, be intended to promote aquatic products growth, nutriment is provided, those skilled in the art can have arbitrarily the aquatic product additive of this function to realize the present invention from prior art, and the present invention does not make specified otherwise at this.In the present invention, B B-complex and composite ore material select " the fish series of products " that the sincere Aqua Sciences Inc. in Guangzhou produces; " compound micro-ecological preparation " that compound micro-ecological preparation selects Qingdao Master Biotechnology Co., Ltd. to produce; Complex enzyme formulation selects GuangDong YiDuoLi Biology Science Co., Ltd's product, the common commercially available prod of other raw material chooses.
The present invention utilizes the food algae feature of blue sub-fish, have selected Enteromorpha and asparagus as main feedstuff.Its beneficial effect: 1, Lan Ziyu is the highest to the protein utilization rate of asparagus, fat utilization rate and energy transformation ratio; To the coarse-fibred utilization rate of Enteromorpha, always soluble polysaccharide utilization rate is the highest, therefore both is combined, and has complementary advantages; 2, the fish meal use amount in sub-for indigo plant fish feed formula minimumly can be down to 20% from 30% by the interpolation of seawood meal, and the addition of carbohydrate is down to 15% from 30%, saves feed cost Be very effective; 3, in feed, the interpolation of seawood meal can also improve the nutritional quality of blue sub-fish tissue, increases the oxidation resistance of essential amino acid and content of polyunsaturated fatty acid and raising fish body; 4, the interpolation of complex enzyme formulation and compound micro-ecological preparation, can improve the adding proportion of marine alga raw material in feed.
Detailed description of the invention
Following examples for illustration of the present invention, but are not used for limiting the scope of the invention.
Embodiment 1:
Prepare seaweed fodder in accordance with the following methods:
Step 1, collection: gather wild Enteromorpha and asparagus, as seawood meal raw material;
Step 2, pulverizing: Enteromorpha and asparagus are dried or dried, then undertaken just pulverizing and ultramicro grinding by Enteromorpha, asparagus, fish meal and dregs of beans with sample mill and pulverizer; All material fineness need reach 100-120 order;
Step 3, mixing: in proportion by Enteromorpha, asparagus, fish meal and dregs of beans mixing, and add tapioca, B B-complex, composite ore material, Powdered Soy Lecithin, alphalise starch, DL-METHIONINE, calcium monohydrogen phosphate, Choline Chloride, ascorbic acid, through fully mixing, obtains material A;
Step 4, expanded: the moisture of adjustment material A, makes it reach 30%, then enter expanded pellet diet machine and prepare expanded pellet diet at 120 DEG C, obtain material B;
Step 5, to mix again: by the 0.8 ~ 1:1 mixing in proportion of fish oil, soya-bean oil, obtain material C;
Step 6, spraying: use post vacuum spraying equipment, by material C by 4.5 ~ 5.5% ratio uniform spray on material B, Recovery and rebuild makes material B be absorbed completely by material C, obtains finished feed.
Embodiment 2
Adopt the method with embodiment 1, adjust each raw material, ratio of adjuvant.
Embodiment 3
Adopt with the method for embodiment 1, adjust each raw material, ratio of adjuvant, add complex enzyme formulation in steps of 5 and compound micro-ecological preparation prepares feed simultaneously.
Comparative example 1
Cultivation object yellow spot fish, average just body weight 6.02g, control group and embodiment 1, embodiment 2 distribution ratio (g/kg feed) are as table 1:
Table 1 control group and embodiment 1, embodiment 2 distribution ratio
Note:
A. fish meal protein content 65%, fat content 8.8%;
B. dregs of beans protein content 46%, fat content 0.6%;
C. asparagus powder and the mixing of waterside lichenin equal proportion, protein content 16%;
D. B B-complex 10, composite ore material 10, Powdered Soy Lecithin 10, alphalise starch 50, DL-METHIONINE 5, calcium monohydrogen phosphate 5, Choline Chloride 2.5, ascorbic acid 2.5.Raw material that this example is sold is commercially available prod except seawood meal.Wherein: fish meal adopts Peru's import red fish meal, or domestic vapour degreasing fish meal; Fish oil can adopt import or homemade goods; Soya-bean oil, dregs of beans, alphalise starch, Powdered Soy Lecithin, tapioca, B B-complex, composite ore material, methionine, Choline Chloride, ascorbic acid etc. can be purchased from internal feed company; Complex enzyme formulation can select GuangDong YiDuoLi Biology Science Co., Ltd's product; The product that compound micro-ecological preparation can select Qingdao Master Biotechnology Co., Ltd. to provide.
The spring and summer in marine site, the north, the autumn and winter in southern marine site, immediate offshore area has a large amount of Enteromorpha can supply to gather, and the asparagus of the Enteromorpha collected or purchase obtains seawood meal through the process of " cleaning-airing-oven dry-pulverizing ".Pulverize and cross 100-120 mesh sieve before all raw material premixs.
In the cultivation of indoor culture system, culturing jar size is φ 1000 × 800.Often group 3 is parallel, each parallel 20 tail fishes.During cultivation: temperature 22 ± 1 DEG C, pH7.98, salinity 32.Uninterrupted oxygenation during cultivation, keeps flowing water.After 8 weeks, measure each growth indexes as table 2.
Every growth indexes of table 2 embodiment 1, embodiment 2, embodiment 3 and control group
Note: data are mean value ± standard error (n=3); In colleague's data, represent mutual significant difference (P<0.05) without identical lowercase mark person.
From growth indexes, the mixed feed in embodiment 1 does not affect the growth of test fish; In embodiment 2, test the rate of body weight gain of fish when marine alga is added into 25% significantly lower than control group (p<0.05); But in embodiment 3, supplement complex enzyme formulation and compound micro-ecological preparation in feed after, marine alga is added into 25% and can not affect the growth of test fish.In addition, in embodiment 1 ~ 3, after adding marine alga in feed, in test fish tissue, histidine, lysine, methionine are significantly higher than control group, EPA, DHA and total n-3 unrighted acid are significantly higher than control group, and antioxidative activities, glutathione peroxidase, catalase are significantly higher than control group.The comparison of comprehensive above data, the feed formula resultant effect used in embodiment 3 is best and cost is lower.
Embodiment 4
Adopt with the method for embodiment 3, adjust each raw material, ratio of adjuvant prepares feed.
Embodiment 5
Adopt with the method for embodiment 3, adjust each raw material, ratio of adjuvant prepares feed.
Comparative example 2:
Cultivation object is yellow spot fish, and average just body weight is 20.3g, and control group and embodiment 3, embodiment 4 component proportion (g/kg) are as table 3:
Table 3 control group and embodiment 4, embodiment 5 component proportion
Note:
A. fish meal protein content 68%, fat content 7.2%;
B. dregs of beans protein content 43%, fat content 0.6%;
C. asparagus powder and the mixing of waterside lichenin equal proportion, protein content 16%;
D. B B-complex 10, composite ore material 10, Powdered Soy Lecithin 10, alphalise starch 50, DL-METHIONINE 5, calcium monohydrogen phosphate 5, Choline Chloride 2.5, ascorbic acid 2.5
Raw material sources and preparation technology are with embodiment 1.
Cage culture is carried out, net cage size 2 × 2 × 2m in sea area, Nan'ao, Shantou City.Often organize 3 net cages, 60 tail fishes placed by each net cage.Water temperature 23 ± 3 DEG C during cultivation, salinity 32 ± 3.After 12 weeks, measure each growth indexes as table 4.
The growth indexes of table 4 comparative example 2
Note: data are mean value ± standard error (n=3); In colleague's data, represent mutual significant difference (P<0.05) without identical lowercase mark person.
Embodiment 4 and control group in growth indexes without significant difference; And in embodiment 5, the rate of body weight gain of test fish is significantly lower than control group.Therefore, in blue sub-fish meal the addition of algae component no more than 25%.
From above embodiment and comparative example, the marine alga of adding 20-25% in feed can not affect the growth of blue sub-fish.
Although above the present invention is described in detail with a general description of the specific embodiments, on basis of the present invention, can make some modifications or improvements it, this will be apparent to those skilled in the art.Therefore, these modifications or improvements without departing from theon the basis of the spirit of the present invention, all belong to the scope of protection of present invention.
Claims (4)
1. add the sub-fish meal of indigo plant of Enteromorpha and asparagus, it is characterized in that, described feed each constituent mass percentage is as follows: fish meal 18-25%; Dregs of beans 28-32%; Seawood meal 20-25%; Fish oil 1.5-2.5%; Soya-bean oil 2-3%; Tapioca 10-15%; And auxiliary material 9-12%;
Described seawood meal is made up of Enteromorpha and asparagus, and both mixed proportions are 1:1;
Described auxiliary material each constituent mass percentage is as follows: B B-complex 1-2%, composite ore material 1-2%, Powdered Soy Lecithin 1-2%, alphalise starch 5-7%, DL-METHIONINE 0.2-0.5%, calcium monohydrogen phosphate 0.2-0.5%, Choline Chloride 0.2-0.5%, ascorbic acid 0.2-0.5%;
Described feed also comprises complex enzyme formulation and compound micro-ecological preparation;
Described complex enzyme formulation mass percent is 0.1-0.5%;
Described compound micro-ecological preparation mass percent is 0.1-0.5%;
The preparation method of the sub-fish meal of indigo plant of above-mentioned interpolation Enteromorpha and asparagus comprises:
Step 1, collection: gather wild Enteromorpha and asparagus, as seawood meal raw material;
Step 2, pulverizing: Enteromorpha and asparagus are dried or dried, then undertaken just pulverizing and ultramicro grinding by Enteromorpha, asparagus, fish meal and dregs of beans with sample mill and pulverizer;
Step 3, mixing: in proportion by Enteromorpha, asparagus, fish meal and dregs of beans mixing, and add tapioca and auxiliary material, obtain material A;
Step 4, expanded: material A enters that expanded pellet diet machine is expanded obtains material B;
Step 5, to mix again: fish oil, soya-bean oil are mixed in proportion, obtains material C;
Step 6, spraying: material C is sprayed on material B, absorbs completely, obtain the finished feed that seawood meal content is 20-25%;
Described step 5 also adds complex enzyme formulation and compound micro-ecological preparation.
2. the sub-fish meal of indigo plant according to claim 1, is characterized in that, protein content 60-70% in described fish meal, fat content≤10%; Protein content 40-50% in described dregs of beans.
3. add a preparation method for the sub-fish meal of indigo plant of Enteromorpha and asparagus described in claim 1 or 2, it is characterized in that, described preparation method comprises:
Step 1, collection: gather wild Enteromorpha and asparagus, as seawood meal raw material;
Step 2, pulverizing: Enteromorpha and asparagus are dried or dried, then undertaken just pulverizing and ultramicro grinding by Enteromorpha, asparagus, fish meal and dregs of beans with sample mill and pulverizer;
Step 3, mixing: in proportion by Enteromorpha, asparagus, fish meal and dregs of beans mixing, and add tapioca and auxiliary material, obtain material A;
Step 4, expanded: material A enters that expanded pellet diet machine is expanded obtains material B;
Step 5, to mix again: fish oil, soya-bean oil are mixed in proportion, obtains material C;
Step 6, spraying: material C is sprayed on material B, absorbs completely, obtain the finished feed that seawood meal content is 20-25%;
Described step 5 also adds complex enzyme formulation and compound micro-ecological preparation.
4. preparation method according to claim 3, is characterized in that:
In described step 2, all material fineness need reach 100-120 order;
The moisture adjusting material A in described step 4 reaches 30% laggard expanded pellet diet machine, and swelling temperature is 120 DEG C;
Be 0.8 ~ 1:1 by fish oil, soya-bean oil mixed proportion in described step 5;
In described step 6, material C is sprayed on material B by 4.5 ~ 5.5% ratio uniform.
Priority Applications (1)
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| CN103445010B (en) * | 2013-06-26 | 2014-11-12 | 浙江省海洋开发研究院 | Feed for Siganus |
| CN103445008B (en) * | 2013-06-26 | 2014-12-03 | 浙江省海洋开发研究院 | Feed for Siganus |
| CN103445009B (en) * | 2013-06-26 | 2014-11-12 | 浙江省海洋开发研究院 | Compound feed for Siganus |
| EP3016523B1 (en) * | 2013-07-01 | 2020-09-02 | Washington University | Human diet equivalent animal feed |
| CN103960525B (en) * | 2014-04-11 | 2016-09-07 | 汕头大学 | A kind of black porgy feedstuff and preparation method thereof |
| CN104256059A (en) * | 2014-04-18 | 2015-01-07 | 集美大学 | Enteromorpha superfine grinding method and uses of enteromorpha |
| CN108902542B (en) * | 2018-05-23 | 2021-12-17 | 汕头大学 | Sargassum thunbergii-containing siganus oramin feed and preparation method thereof |
| CN112931724A (en) * | 2019-12-11 | 2021-06-11 | 国投生物科技投资有限公司 | Aquatic feed and application thereof |
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| CN101223941A (en) * | 2008-01-30 | 2008-07-23 | 中国水产科学研究院黄海水产研究所 | Artificial combining feed prescription for jellyfish |
| CN101991002A (en) * | 2009-08-26 | 2011-03-30 | 厦门百穗行科技股份有限公司 | Siganidae compound feed |
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| CN101223941A (en) * | 2008-01-30 | 2008-07-23 | 中国水产科学研究院黄海水产研究所 | Artificial combining feed prescription for jellyfish |
| CN101991002A (en) * | 2009-08-26 | 2011-03-30 | 厦门百穗行科技股份有限公司 | Siganidae compound feed |
Non-Patent Citations (1)
| Title |
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| 浒苔和龙须菜营养成分的研究;Antonio Galan等;《水产科学》;20100630(第6期);229-333 * |
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