CN103053318A - Method for quickly culturing and breeding latiflorus munro seeds - Google Patents
Method for quickly culturing and breeding latiflorus munro seeds Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method for quickly culturing and breeding latiflorus munro seeds. The method includes steps of a, arranging a latiflorus munro seedling culturing bed and erecting a greenhouse; b, drying, rinsing and disinfecting the selected latiflorus munro seeds, and soaking the seeds for accelerating germination; c, sowing the seeds subjected to treatment in the step b, transplanting seedlings with 3-4 leaves to nutrition bags for bagging transplanting, and keeping the seedlings in the greenhouse to grow after bagging transplanting; d, selecting individual plants good in growth for planting in nursery gardens; and e, selecting a tiller with more than 10 seedlings good in growth and no disease and pests for forest planting and planting. By bagging the seedlings in nutrition bags and transplanting high-quality bagged seedlings and quickly growing individual seedlings, a great quantity of high-quality latiflorus munro seedlings can be obtained in short time by means of advantage of high tillering quantity of the seedlings of the seeds, and meanwhile, the risk in flowering of the latiflorus munro is avoided, and the seedings of the latiflorus munro has the evident advantages of high shoot rate, quick growth, high adaptability, long life circle and the like.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of sinocalamus latiflorus seed fast seedling growing propagation method, belong to sinocalamus latiflorus culture technique field.
Background technology
Sinocalamus latiflorus (D.latiflorus Munro), it is grass family Bambusoideae Dendrocalamus, extensively cultivate in south China, for warm hot happiness temperature is afraid of cold bamboo kind, at annual rainfall 1100-1800mm, average annual temperature 17-22.5 ℃, lowest temperature-3 ℃, 320 days frost-free seasons, average annual relative moisture is more than 75%, well-grown on loose, the rich soil of pH value 4.5-7.5.The high 20-25m of pole, diameter 12-22cm, the long sagging or arc-shaped bend of top end; The long 45-60cm of internode, by white powder, only tool one encloses brown fluff ring in joint during the children; Wall thickness 1-3cm; The pole branching habit is high, and every joint divides racemosus, major branch Chang Danyi.The sheaths of bamboo shoots sheath is easily caducous, and heavy leather matter is wide round shovel shape, and omit by little seta at the back side, but easily fall; The sheaths of bamboo shoots ear is little, long 5mm, wide 1mm; Sheaths of bamboo shoots tongue height is 1-3mm only, the little fissure in edge; The long ellipticity lanceolar of blade, long 35-50cm, wide 2.9-13cm, the base portion circle, tip gradually point forms small cusp; Fruit is the cystocarp shape, ovoid, and long 8-13mm, thick 4-6mm, pericarp is thin, and is filbert.The long 2.88mm of fiber, aspect ratio 206, content of cellulose 52.86% is a kind of good pulping and paper-making raw material.Before sinocalamus latiflorus bloomed, some abnormal phenomenas can appear in bamboo grove, went out bamboo shoot seldom or did not send out bamboo shoot, and the leaf of bamboo is withered and yellow or come off, and glucide increases and nitrogen content reduces in the body.Old bamboo blooms in the majority with spring, is the 6-7 month secondly, is not to extract first normal new blade out at the sprig tip, but grows the small ear floral axis when changing leaf spring, progressively forms inflorescence, blooms successively, and almost without leaf, the rear whole clump that blooms is dead during flower.
The sinocalamus latiflorus seedling mainly divided the root and stem of certain plants or other pierre mode to obtain by direct female bamboo in the past, so that Dendrocalamus latiflorus Provenances mixes is unclear, bamboo is unclear age, and the dead potential risk of blooming is arranged after the afforestation.
Summary of the invention
Technical problem to be solved by this invention is: provide a kind of and avoid that sinocalamus latiflorus seed source is unclear, bamboo age is unclear, the speed of breeding is slow, send out the bamboo shoot rate low, bloom have a big risk, sinocalamus latiflorus seed fast seedling growing propagation method that life cycle is short, can overcome the deficiencies in the prior art.
Technical scheme of the present invention is: sinocalamus latiflorus seed fast seedling growing propagation method comprises the following steps:
A, the arrangement sinocalamus latiflorus is seedling cultivation bed and build booth outside sinocalamus latiflorus is seedling cultivation bed;
B, first to selected sinocalamus latiflorus seed bask seeds, seed rinsing and sterilization, then presoaking and germinating;
C, the seed after the b step process is spilt to seedling cultivation bed, treat that seedling is transplanted to nutritious bag when going out 3-4 sheet young leaves and packs transplanting, continue to put into booth after pack is transplanted and make its growth, and carry out managing between seedling;
D, choose grow fine, damage by disease and insect is few, the amount of tillering more than 6 strains, and the bagged seedlings that average leading thread reaches in the above nutritious bag of 0.5cm is qualified seedling, prunes the bar height to 35cm, is used for a minute root and stem of certain plants nursery and plants;
E, growing way in the nursery is good, without damage by disease and insect, the clump amount of tillering is more than 10 strains, and more than the high 2.5m of bar, the above bamboo of leading thread 2cm is involved root and stem of certain plants turn up in a criminal case, it is complete to keep root and stem of certain plants section and eye, gets the long 50cm of stalk, emerges and plants for afforestation.
The seedling cultivation bed arrangement of a step sinocalamus latiflorus is
(1) seedbed is arranged; Furrow are played in the seedbed, furrow face width 1.2m, high 20-25cm, long 6-7m, the wide 40-50cm of pavement; Seedbed frame is divided into three layers:
Bottom is hardcore, and soil block is slightly thick, tracks tramping and claps, and makes the hardcore that thickness is 10cm; The second layer is the nutrition soil layer, and the Nutrition Soil loose in small, broken bits for preparing is laid on the hardcore, and thickness is 8-10cm; The 3rd layer is protective layer, fine earth is laid on the nutrition soil layer thickness 0.5cm;
(2) cover soil consists of by following quality proportioning, 75 parts in mellow soil, 20 parts in the bamboo of becoming thoroughly decomposed bits, 2.5 parts in fused calcium magnesium phosphate, 2.5 parts of mixed configuration of bio-fertilizer; Cover with plastic film after configuring cover soil, can be used for the seedbed after 15 days and arrange;
(3) the wide 6m of steelframe booth, high 2.8m, the plastic foil that loam cake is thick 12 and sunshade net, and equipment of sprinkler irrigation is installed, and temperature of shed is controlled at 18-25 ℃, and humidity is controlled at 80-85%.
The concrete operation method of b step is:
(1) basks seeds, seed is tiled on tarpaulin or the gunny, shone 2-3 days, stirred once in per 4 hours;
(2) bask seeds rear naturally shady and coolly, seed is put into cold water again and carried out rinsing, remove flat kind and kinds of damaging by worms, seed is sterilized through soaking seed with 400 times of liquid of 50% tpn wetting powder after the rinsing, kills the surface of the seed pathogen;
Then the emerge in worm water that the seed usefulness of (3) sterilizing is 33-35 ℃ 1 hour used the normal temperature Seed soaking 40 hours, after seed fully absorbs water, filtered out seed, prepared sowing.
The concrete operation method of c step is:
(1) during sowing, temperature of shed is controlled at 18-25 ℃ in the 3-4 month sowing time, for preventing from burning seedling, sprinkles thin earth in the seedbed before the sowing, then drenches the seedbed, and maintenance seedbed surface humidity is at 80-85%; With the even heavy seeding bed surface of seed after the b step process, seeding quantity is 1500-2000 grain/m
2, then evenly cover fine earth 0.5cm, cover again aseptic cogongrass, pine needle or straw 2-3cm, the water of drenching evenly sprays with 800 times of liquid of 80% dichlorvos at last;
(2) seedling medium consists of 3 parts of 70 parts of fertile soils, 15 parts in bamboo bits, 10 parts of silts, 2 parts in oil cake, phosphate fertilizer by following quality proportioning and carries out mixed configuration in the nutritious bag; The pH of seedling medium is 5.8-6.5; Cover with plastic film after configuring seedling medium, can be used for the nutritious bag pack after 15 days;
(3) described pack is transplanted and is: transplant during seedling 3-4 sheet young leaves, add suitable quantity of water in seedling medium, pinch agglomeratingly with hand, landing i.e. loose being advisable; The high 20cm of nutritious bag, diameter 18cm, should there be duck eye each nutritious bag bottom and side, and seedling medium does not load overfill, from sack 1-2cm, after seedling is transplanted into nutritious bag, carries out dense planting and neatly puts, and the wide 1.2m of furrow stays 40-50cm between furrow.
The concrete operation method of managing between the seedling of c step is:
(1) weeding is taked manually to pull out, and topdresses take diammonium phosphate as main, and fertilising in per 15 days once adopts weekly the top dressing mode to spray potassium dihydrogen phosphate once, and concentration is uprised gradually by low; After " the beginning of autumn ", should stop Nitrogen Top Dressing; Tiller seedling height growth during to 80-100cm, its top tip is wiped out, keep height of seedling 40-45cm, prune kerf control 2cm place above ring;
When (2) bamboo seedling blight, bamboo shoot maize ear rot occuring, spray 500 times of liquid of 50% fenaminosulf wetting powder, per 7 days once, until till disease removes; When finding sick seedling that tender tips of bamboo shoot leaf rots, should be immediately wipe out and spray medicine from base portion; During pest damage, spray 800 times of liquid controls of 90% chlorophos wetting powder.
Minute root and stem of certain plants nursery step of planting mainly comprises: plant in the nursery, tending management, the extermination of disease and insect pest;
(1), the nursery plants,
The time of planting when planting, is beaten first nest in clear and bright front and back, is used for placing nutritious bag, and the size specification of nest is 40cm * 40cm * 40cm; Plant nest apart from arrange namely 300 clumps/mu by 1.5m * 1.5m; First backfill fine earth 20cm tears bamboo seedling nutritious bag before putting into nutritious bag; When tearing bag, note the soil of loosening nutritious bag the inside, uprightly be put in the high-quality bamboo seedling band soil of having chosen in the nest together, then with fine earth backfill compacting on every side, cover again one deck fine earth, guarantee behind the earthing that bamboo shoot root stem soil exceeds 2-3cm than ground surface soil, waters sufficient normal root water at last;
(2), tending management comprises weeding, loosens the soil and applies fertilizer; Weeding requires not stay the careless root and stem of certain plants for weeding, must not injure the bamboo root and stem of certain plants, and discarded object should be removed totally, and places rock logical sequence, bottom of trench, edge, forest land or road; The requirement of loosening the soil, apply fertilizer is: the bamboo seedling is preced with the width of cloth with upper/lower positions, the operation of all loosening the soil, and shallow cut is answered in the position by nearly bamboo root and stem of certain plants place, notes not injuring bamboo shoots; Fertilising takes ring-like mode to apply fertilizer, and digs the ring-like ditch that 15cm is dark, 20cm is wide about 20cm around the distance bamboo root and stem of certain plants, evenly spills bamboo class special fertilizer in ditch, and fertilizing amount is that every clump of 0.25kg is each, then the backfill fine earth;
(3), the extermination of disease and insect pest
When disease occurs, fill with control with 500 times of liquid spray cauline leafs of 50% fenaminosulf wetting powder or root; During pest damage, spray 90% chlorophos wetting powder 800 times of liquid controls, also available light trap insect-killing trappings.
Tending management is managed and protected carrying out the 5-6 month fostering the first time, fosters to manage and protect in September for the second time and carries out.
What the sinocalamus latiflorus seed was right is chosen for:
Mid or late October in autumn is collected seed, cut down first the bamboo strain during sowing, take off the branch of fringe, take seed after drying, get pure seed after the selection by winnowing go-on-go, tentatively some not solid or not full seeds are eliminated, selected sinocalamus latiflorus seed is required to be bright isabelline, full grains are without wrinkle, long 0.8-1.3cm, diameter 0.4-0.6cm; The saving as of its seed admixed the insecticide gunnysack of packing into and hung in the cool and preserve, and the time should not surpass six months, and during storage, temperature remains on 0-5 ℃, and air humidity is controlled at 60-70%, and places 1-2 miasma ball in every kilogram of kind heap, prevents from damaging by worms.
Compared with the prior art, the present invention is by seed nutrition bagged seedlings, the fast numerous minute root and stem of certain plants seedling of again seed selection high-quality bagged seedlings transplanted, this high advantage of the seedling from seed amount of tillering of utilizing, obtain at short notice a large amount of high-quality sinocalamus latiflorus seedlings, solved simultaneously the sinocalamus latiflorus risk problem of blooming, make that the bamboo seedling has that the bamboo shoot rate of sending out is high, growth rapidly, the distinguishing feature such as strong adaptability, good stress resistance, life cycle be long.
Embodiment
Embodiment: sinocalamus latiflorus seed seedling-raising fast breeding technique comprises the following steps: mainly that seed collection, screening and storage, seeding and seedling raising, the seed selection of bag seedling are emerged, minute root and stem of certain plants nursery soon numerous, a minute root and stem of certain plants seedling seed selection emerge.
Described seed collection, screening and storage the steps include:
1, seed collection and screening
During the sinocalamus latiflorus seed collection, cut down first the bamboo strain, take off the branch of fringe, take seed after drying, get pure seed after the selection by winnowing go-on-go, tentatively some not solid or not full seeds are eliminated, selected sinocalamus latiflorus seed is required to be bright isabelline, full grains are without wrinkle, long 0.8-1.3cm, diameter 0.4-0.6cm.
2, the storage of seed
Seed after the selection by winnowing places tiling preservation under the dry environment that ventilates, and the time should not surpass six months, and seed completely lost germinating capacity in eight months at normal temperatures.During storage, temperature remains on 0-5 ℃, and air humidity is controlled at 60-70%, and places 1-2 miasma ball in every kilogram of kind heap, prevents from damaging by worms.The seed that mid or late October in autumn collects is admixed insecticide and is packed that gunnysack hangs over the cool place, dry indoor storage of ventilating waits to sow in spring into.
Its step of described seeding and seedling raising mainly comprises: Nutrition Soil disposes, takes steelframe booth, seedbed layout, seed preparation, sowing, seedbed management, transplanting, weeding fertilising pruning, the extermination of disease and insect pest.
1, cover soil configuration.
Cover soil consists of by following quality proportioning, 75 parts in mellow soil, 20 parts in the bamboo of becoming thoroughly decomposed bits, 2.5 parts in fused calcium magnesium phosphate, 2.5 parts of mixed configuration of bio-fertilizer; Cover with plastic film after configuring cover soil, can be used for the seedbed after 15 days and arrange.
2, take the steelframe booth
The wide 6m of steelframe booth, high 2.8m, the plastic foil that loam cake is thick 12 and sunshade net, and equipment of sprinkler irrigation is installed, and temperature of shed is controlled at 18-25 ℃, and humidity is controlled at 80-85%.
3, the seedbed is arranged
Furrow can be played in the seedbed, furrow face width 1.2m, and high 20-25cm, long 6-7m(can determine according to actual landform), the wide 40-50cm of pavement.Seedbed frame is divided into three layers:
Bottom is hardcore, and soil block is slightly thick, tracks tramping and claps, and makes the hardcore that thickness is 10cm.
The second layer is the nutrition soil layer, also is the stretching, extension layer of root system activity, and the Nutrition Soil loose in small, broken bits for preparing is laid on the hardcore, and thickness is 8-10cm.
The 3rd layer is protective layer, fine earth is laid on the nutrition soil layer thickness 0.5cm.
4, seed preparation
(1) basks seeds
Before the rinsing seed soaking, bask seeds, seed is tiled on tarpaulin or the gunny, shone 2-3 days, stirred once in per 4 hours.
(2) seed rinsing and sterilization
It is rear naturally shady and cool to bask seeds, and again seed is put into cold water and carries out rinsing, removes flat kind and the kind of damaging by worms, and seed kills the surface of the seed pathogen through sterilizing with 400 times of liquid seed soaking of 50% tpn wetting powder after the rinsing.
(3) presoaking and germinating
Then the emerge in worm water that the seed usefulness of sterilizing is 33-35 ℃ 1 hour used Seed soaking 40 hours.After seed fully absorbs water, filter out seed, sow.
5, sowing
Sowing time was advisable in the 3-4 month, and during sowing, temperature of shed is controlled at 18-25 ℃, directly contacted with fertilizer for avoiding seed, prevented from burning seedling, sprinkled thin earth in the seedbed before the sowing, then drenched the seedbed, kept the seedbed surface humidity at 80-85%.With the even heavy seeding bed surface of seed behind the presoaking and germinating, seeding quantity is 1500-2000 grain/m
2, then evenly cover fine earth 0.5cm, cover again aseptic cogongrass, pine needle or straw 2-3cm, the water of drenching evenly sprays with 800 times of liquid of 80% dichlorvos at last.
6, seedbed management
After seed is sowed ten days, come up and just throw off cogongrass, pine needle or the straw that covers, spray water in good time, 20-30 ℃ of control temperature of shed should carry out artificial weeding in germination latter stage.
7, pack is transplanted
Carry out nutritious bag during seedling 3-4 sheet young leaves and transplant, seedling medium consists of 3 parts of 70 parts of fertile soils, 15 parts in bamboo bits, 10 parts of silts, 2 parts in oil cake, phosphate fertilizer by following quality proportioning and carries out mixed configuration in the nutritious bag; The pH of seedling medium is 5.8-6.5; Cover with plastic film after configuring seedling medium, can be used for the nutritious bag pack after 15 days; Add suitable quantity of water when using seedling medium, it is satisfied pinch agglomeratingly with hand, landing i.e. loose being advisable; The high 20cm of nutritious bag, diameter 18cm, should there be duck eye each bag bottom and side, and seedling medium does not load overfill, and 1-2cm gets final product from sack.
After seedling is transplanted into nutritious bag, carries out dense planting and neatly put, the wide 1.2m of furrow stays 40-50cm between furrow.Put the place of nutritious bag, an amount of trickle is carried out in the plot that the selection physical features is smooth, sunny, the water source is good or draining is convenient, have a good transport service at last, and is sprinkled into wood chip or bamboo bits in nutritious bag, in case of there's a sudden fall in temperature, should cover film and be incubated; In that the temperature rises to more than 35 ℃ the time, should cover the sunshade net cooling moisture-retaining.
8, the weeding fertilising is pruned
Weeding is taked manually to pull out, and topdresses take diammonium phosphate as main, and fertilising in per 15 days once adopts weekly the top dressing mode to spray potassium dihydrogen phosphate once, and concentration is uprised gradually by low.After " the beginning of autumn ", should stop Nitrogen Top Dressing.Tiller seedling height growth during to 80-100cm, its top tip is wiped out, keep height of seedling 40-45cm, prune kerf control 2cm place above ring.
9, the extermination of disease and insect pest
When bamboo seedling blight, bamboo shoot maize ear rot occur, spray 500 times of liquid of 50% fenaminosulf wetting powder, per 7 days once, until till disease removes.When finding sick seedling that tender tips of bamboo shoot leaf rots, should be immediately wipe out and spray medicine from base portion.During pest damage, spray 800 times of liquid controls of 90% chlorophos wetting powder.
Described bagged seedlings seed selection emerge for: choose grow fine, damage by disease and insect is few, the amount of tillering more than 6 strains, and average leading thread to reach the above bagged seedlings of 0.5cm be qualified seedling, prune the bar height to 35cm, a Zhou Houke is emerged and is planted for a minute root and stem of certain plants nursery.
Fast numerous its step in described minute root and stem of certain plants nursery mainly comprises: plant in the nursery, tending management, the extermination of disease and insect pest.
1, plant in the nursery
(1) beats nest
The sinocalamus latiflorus bagged seedlings is used for dividing a root and stem of certain plants nursery to plant should deep-cut surface planting, and the size specification of nest is 40cm * 40cm * 40cm.Plant nest apart from arrange namely 300 clumps/mu by 1.5m * 1.5m.
(2) plant
The time of planting, namely the 3-4 month was advisable in clear and bright front and back.When planting, first backfill fine earth 20cm tears bamboo seedling nutritious bag.When tearing bag, note the soil of loosening nutritious bag the inside, uprightly be put in the high-quality bamboo seedling band soil of having chosen in the nest together, then with fine earth backfill compacting on every side, cover again one deck fine earth, guarantee behind the earthing that bamboo shoot root stem soil exceeds 2-3cm than ground surface soil, waters sufficient normal root water at last.
2, tending management
(1) weeding
The careless root and stem of certain plants is not stayed in weeding, must not injure the bamboo root and stem of certain plants, and discarded object should be removed totally, and places rock logical sequence, bottom of trench, edge, forest land or road.
(2) loosen the soil, apply fertilizer.
The bamboo seedling is preced with the width of cloth with upper/lower positions, the operation of all loosening the soil, and shallow cut is answered in the position by nearly bamboo root and stem of certain plants place, notes not injuring bamboo shoots; Fertilising takes ring-like mode to apply fertilizer, and digs the ring-like ditch that 15cm is dark, 20cm is wide about 20cm around the distance bamboo root and stem of certain plants, evenly spills bamboo class special fertilizer in ditch, and fertilizing amount is the 0.25kg/ clump. and inferior, backfill fine earth then.Foster and take to foster comprehensively, comprise pine, ridging, weeding and fertilising etc.After planting 2-3 month, i.e. the 5-6 month, to carry out fostering first time and manage and protect, foster to manage and protect in September and carry out the second time, fosters for twice all to take pine, ridging, weeding and fertilising operation.
3, the extermination of disease and insect pest
Damage by disease and insect focuses in anti-and do not lie in and control, and the extermination of disease and insect pest should be implemented the policy of " control early, control less, controlled ", take chemical control as main, and in conjunction with adopting biological control or other prophylactico-therapeutic measuress.When disease occurs, fill with control with 500 times of liquid spray cauline leafs of 50% fenaminosulf wetting powder or root; During pest damage, spray 90% chlorophos wetting powder 800 times of liquid controls, also available light trap insect-killing trappings.
The seed selection of described minute root and stem of certain plants seedling emerge for: choose in the nursery growing way good, without damage by disease and insect, the clump amount of tillering is more than 10 strains, and more than the high 2.5m of bar, the above bamboo strain of leading thread 2cm is qualified seedling, involves bamboo in a criminal case root and stem of certain plants turn up, and it is complete to keep root and stem of certain plants section and eye, get the long 50cm of stalk, emerge and plant for afforestation.
Claims (8)
1. a sinocalamus latiflorus seed fast seedling growing propagation method is characterized in that: comprise the following steps:
A, the arrangement sinocalamus latiflorus is seedling cultivation bed and build booth outside sinocalamus latiflorus is seedling cultivation bed;
B, first to selected sinocalamus latiflorus seed bask seeds, seed rinsing and sterilization, then presoaking and germinating;
C, the seed after the b step process is spilt to seedling cultivation bed, treat that seedling is transplanted to nutritious bag when going out 3-4 sheet young leaves and packs transplanting, continue to put into booth after pack is transplanted and make its growth, and carry out managing between seedling;
D, choose grow fine, damage by disease and insect is few, the amount of tillering more than 6 strains, and the bagged seedlings that average leading thread reaches in the above nutritious bag of 0.5cm is qualified seedling, prunes the bar height to 35cm, is used for a minute root and stem of certain plants nursery and plants;
E, growing way in the nursery is good, without damage by disease and insect, the clump amount of tillering is more than 10 strains, and more than the high 2.5m of bar, the above bamboo of leading thread 2cm is involved root and stem of certain plants turn up in a criminal case, it is complete to keep root and stem of certain plants section and eye, gets the long 50cm of stalk, emerges and plants for afforestation.
2. sinocalamus latiflorus seed fast seedling growing propagation method according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: the seedling cultivation bed arrangement of a step sinocalamus latiflorus is
(1) seedbed is arranged; Furrow are played in the seedbed, furrow face width 1.2m, high 20-25cm, long 6-7m, the wide 40-50cm of pavement; Seedbed frame is divided into three layers:
Bottom is hardcore, and soil block is slightly thick, tracks tramping and claps, and makes the hardcore that thickness is 10cm; The second layer is the nutrition soil layer, and the Nutrition Soil loose in small, broken bits for preparing is laid on the hardcore, and thickness is 8-10cm; The 3rd layer is protective layer, fine earth is laid on the nutrition soil layer thickness 0.5cm;
(2) cover soil consists of by following quality proportioning, 75 parts in mellow soil, 20 parts in the bamboo of becoming thoroughly decomposed bits, 2.5 parts in fused calcium magnesium phosphate, 2.5 parts of mixed configuration of bio-fertilizer; Cover with plastic film after configuring cover soil, can be used for the seedbed after 15 days and arrange;
(3) the wide 6m of steelframe booth, high 2.8m, the plastic foil that loam cake is thick 12 and sunshade net, and equipment of sprinkler irrigation is installed, and temperature of shed is controlled at 18-25 ℃, and humidity is controlled at 80-85%.
3. sinocalamus latiflorus seed fast seedling growing propagation method according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: the concrete operation method of b step is:
(1) basks seeds, seed is tiled on tarpaulin or the gunny, shone 2-3 days, stirred once in per 4 hours;
(2) bask seeds rear naturally shady and coolly, seed is put into cold water again and carried out rinsing, remove flat kind and kinds of damaging by worms, seed is sterilized through soaking seed with 400 times of liquid of 50% tpn wetting powder after the rinsing, kills the surface of the seed pathogen;
Then the emerge in worm water that the seed usefulness of (3) sterilizing is 33-35 ℃ 1 hour used the normal temperature Seed soaking 40 hours, after seed fully absorbs water, filtered out seed, prepared sowing.
4. sinocalamus latiflorus seed fast seedling growing propagation method according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: the concrete operation method of c step is:
(1) during sowing, temperature of shed is controlled at 18-25 ℃ in the 3-4 month sowing time, for preventing from burning seedling, sprinkles thin earth in the seedbed before the sowing, then drenches the seedbed, and maintenance seedbed surface humidity is at 80-85%; With the even heavy seeding bed surface of seed after the b step process, seeding quantity is 1500-2000 grain/m
2, then evenly cover fine earth 0.5cm, cover again aseptic cogongrass, pine needle or straw 2-3cm, the water of drenching evenly sprays with 800 times of liquid of 80% dichlorvos at last;
(2) seedling medium consists of 3 parts of 70 parts of fertile soils, 15 parts in bamboo bits, 10 parts of silts, 2 parts in oil cake, phosphate fertilizer by following quality proportioning and carries out mixed configuration in the nutritious bag; The pH of seedling medium is 5.8-6.5; Cover with plastic film after configuring seedling medium, can be used for the nutritious bag pack after 15 days;
(3) described pack is transplanted and is: transplant during seedling 3-4 sheet young leaves, add suitable quantity of water in seedling medium, pinch agglomeratingly with hand, landing i.e. loose being advisable; The high 20cm of nutritious bag, diameter 18cm, should there be duck eye each nutritious bag bottom and side, and seedling medium does not load overfill, from sack 1-2cm, after seedling is transplanted into nutritious bag, carries out dense planting and neatly puts, and the wide 1.2m of furrow stays 40-50cm between furrow.
5. sinocalamus latiflorus seed fast seedling growing propagation method according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: the concrete operation method of managing between the seedling of c step is:
(1) weeding is taked manually to pull out, and topdresses take diammonium phosphate as main, and fertilising in per 15 days once adopts weekly the top dressing mode to spray potassium dihydrogen phosphate once, and concentration is uprised gradually by low; After " the beginning of autumn ", should stop Nitrogen Top Dressing; Tiller seedling height growth during to 80-100cm, its top tip is wiped out, keep height of seedling 40-45cm, prune kerf control 2cm place above ring;
When (2) bamboo seedling blight, bamboo shoot maize ear rot occuring, spray 500 times of liquid of 50% fenaminosulf wetting powder, per 7 days once, until till disease removes; When finding sick seedling that tender tips of bamboo shoot leaf rots, should be immediately wipe out and spray medicine from base portion; During pest damage, spray 800 times of liquid controls of 90% chlorophos wetting powder.
6. sinocalamus latiflorus seed fast seedling growing propagation method according to claim 1 is characterized in that: minute root and stem of certain plants nursery step of planting mainly comprises: plant in the nursery, tending management, the extermination of disease and insect pest;
(1), the nursery plants,
The time of planting when planting, is beaten first nest in clear and bright front and back, is used for placing nutritious bag, and the size specification of nest is 40cm * 40cm * 40cm; Plant nest apart from arrange namely 300 clumps/mu by 1.5m * 1.5m; First backfill fine earth 20cm tears bamboo seedling nutritious bag before putting into nutritious bag; When tearing bag, note the soil of loosening nutritious bag the inside, uprightly be put in the high-quality bamboo seedling band soil of having chosen in the nest together, then with fine earth backfill compacting on every side, cover again one deck fine earth, guarantee behind the earthing that bamboo shoot root stem soil exceeds 2-3cm than ground surface soil, waters sufficient normal root water at last;
(2), tending management comprises weeding, loosens the soil and applies fertilizer; Weeding requires not stay the careless root and stem of certain plants for weeding, must not injure the bamboo root and stem of certain plants, and discarded object should be removed totally, and places rock logical sequence, bottom of trench, edge, forest land or road; The requirement of loosening the soil, apply fertilizer is: the bamboo seedling is preced with the width of cloth with upper/lower positions, the operation of all loosening the soil, and shallow cut is answered in the position by nearly bamboo root and stem of certain plants place, notes not injuring bamboo shoots; Fertilising takes ring-like mode to apply fertilizer, and digs the ring-like ditch that 15cm is dark, 20cm is wide about 20cm around the distance bamboo root and stem of certain plants, evenly spills bamboo class special fertilizer in ditch, and fertilizing amount is that every clump of 0.25kg is each, then the backfill fine earth;
(3), the extermination of disease and insect pest
When disease occurs, fill with control with 500 times of liquid spray cauline leafs of 50% fenaminosulf wetting powder or root; During pest damage, spray 90% chlorophos wetting powder 800 times of liquid controls, also available light trap insect-killing trappings.
7. sinocalamus latiflorus seed fast seedling growing propagation method according to claim 6 is characterized in that: tending management is managed and protected carrying out the 5-6 month fostering the first time, fosters to manage and protect in September for the second time and carries out.
8. sinocalamus latiflorus seed fast seedling growing propagation method according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: what the sinocalamus latiflorus seed was right is chosen for:
Mid or late October in autumn is collected seed, cut down first the bamboo strain during sowing, take off the branch of fringe, take seed after drying, get pure seed after the selection by winnowing go-on-go, tentatively some not solid or not full seeds are eliminated, selected sinocalamus latiflorus seed is required to be bright isabelline, full grains are without wrinkle, long 0.8-1.3cm, diameter 0.4-0.6cm; The saving as of its seed admixed the insecticide gunnysack of packing into and hung in the cool and preserve, and the time should not surpass six months, and during storage, temperature remains on 0-5 ℃, and air humidity is controlled at 60-70%, and places 1-2 miasma ball in every kilogram of kind heap, prevents from damaging by worms.
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