CN103026184A - 用于螺旋式压缩机的油位指示器 - Google Patents

用于螺旋式压缩机的油位指示器 Download PDF

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CN103026184A
CN103026184A CN2011800195112A CN201180019511A CN103026184A CN 103026184 A CN103026184 A CN 103026184A CN 2011800195112 A CN2011800195112 A CN 2011800195112A CN 201180019511 A CN201180019511 A CN 201180019511A CN 103026184 A CN103026184 A CN 103026184A
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equipment
optical devices
screw compressor
screw
oil level
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CN103026184B (zh
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E·科克
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Knorr Bremse Systeme fuer Nutzfahrzeuge GmbH
Knorr Bremse Systeme fuer Schienenfahrzeuge GmbH
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01M—LUBRICATING OF MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; LUBRICATING INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES; CRANKCASE VENTILATING
    • F01M11/00—Component parts, details or accessories, not provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F01M1/00 - F01M9/00
    • F01M11/10—Indicating devices; Other safety devices
    • F01M11/12—Indicating devices; Other safety devices concerning lubricant level
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01F—MEASURING VOLUME, VOLUME FLOW, MASS FLOW OR LIQUID LEVEL; METERING BY VOLUME
    • G01F23/00—Indicating or measuring liquid level or level of fluent solid material, e.g. indicating in terms of volume or indicating by means of an alarm
    • G01F23/22—Indicating or measuring liquid level or level of fluent solid material, e.g. indicating in terms of volume or indicating by means of an alarm by measuring physical variables, other than linear dimensions, pressure or weight, dependent on the level to be measured, e.g. by difference of heat transfer of steam or water
    • G01F23/28—Indicating or measuring liquid level or level of fluent solid material, e.g. indicating in terms of volume or indicating by means of an alarm by measuring physical variables, other than linear dimensions, pressure or weight, dependent on the level to be measured, e.g. by difference of heat transfer of steam or water by measuring the variations of parameters of electromagnetic or acoustic waves applied directly to the liquid or fluent solid material
    • G01F23/284—Electromagnetic waves
    • G01F23/292—Light, e.g. infrared or ultraviolet
    • G01F23/2921—Light, e.g. infrared or ultraviolet for discrete levels
    • G01F23/2922—Light, e.g. infrared or ultraviolet for discrete levels with light-conducting sensing elements, e.g. prisms
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01F—MEASURING VOLUME, VOLUME FLOW, MASS FLOW OR LIQUID LEVEL; METERING BY VOLUME
    • G01F23/00—Indicating or measuring liquid level or level of fluent solid material, e.g. indicating in terms of volume or indicating by means of an alarm
    • G01F23/22—Indicating or measuring liquid level or level of fluent solid material, e.g. indicating in terms of volume or indicating by means of an alarm by measuring physical variables, other than linear dimensions, pressure or weight, dependent on the level to be measured, e.g. by difference of heat transfer of steam or water
    • G01F23/28—Indicating or measuring liquid level or level of fluent solid material, e.g. indicating in terms of volume or indicating by means of an alarm by measuring physical variables, other than linear dimensions, pressure or weight, dependent on the level to be measured, e.g. by difference of heat transfer of steam or water by measuring the variations of parameters of electromagnetic or acoustic waves applied directly to the liquid or fluent solid material
    • G01F23/284—Electromagnetic waves
    • G01F23/292—Light, e.g. infrared or ultraviolet
    • G01F23/2921—Light, e.g. infrared or ultraviolet for discrete levels
    • G01F23/2922—Light, e.g. infrared or ultraviolet for discrete levels with light-conducting sensing elements, e.g. prisms
    • G01F23/2925—Light, e.g. infrared or ultraviolet for discrete levels with light-conducting sensing elements, e.g. prisms using electrical detecting means
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B2700/00—Sensing or detecting of parameters; Sensors therefor
    • F25B2700/03—Oil level

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Compressor (AREA)
  • Applications Or Details Of Rotary Compressors (AREA)
  • Valves And Accessory Devices For Braking Systems (AREA)
  • Measurement Of Levels Of Liquids Or Fluent Solid Materials (AREA)

Abstract

本发明涉及一种用于监测和/或指示在螺旋式压缩机油池中在螺旋式压缩机的不同运行状态下波动的油位的设备。根据本发明，给出一种用于监测和指示螺旋式压缩机的油位的设备，它的可靠性相对于现有技术得以改善并且能够杜绝错误测量。这一点通过如下方式实现：该设备是一种光学装置(4)。这样的光学装置(4)不具有任何在设备经常恶劣使用条件下可能受到损坏的机械运动部件。

Description

用于螺旋式压缩机的油位指示器
技术领域
本发明涉及一种用于监测和/或指示在螺旋式压缩机油池中在螺旋式压缩机的不同运行状态下波动的油位的设备。
背景技术
由DE 41 18 896 A1已知一种这样的设备。在该文献中所说明的设备是作为料位计构造的，其产生确定储油容器中油的液位高度的信号并且例如向计算机传送。
众所周知，该已知的料位计具有一个浮子，它相应于液位高度在油池中定位。这里，该浮子通过一个操作杆与一个电阻线圈配合作用，以调定不同的电阻值。这些电阻值然后以适宜的方式被分析。对于这种机械式作用的料位计，其可靠性是存在问题的，由于这种料位计经常是精工细作的细丝构造结构，故而可能会对可靠性产生不利影响。下述情形频繁地出现：这样的料位计卡住、操作杆弯扭或者甚至折断和/或由于泄漏使油进入浮子中并且因此至少不在规定的位置运动到油位。在非常大数量的压力脉动以及高运行温度的应用条件下和在用油浸湿的情况下，浮子泄漏、变形或者结构改变的倾向尤为强烈。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于，提供一种用于监测和指示螺旋式压缩机的油位的设备，它的可靠性相对于现有技术得以改善，并且能够杜绝错误测量。
上述目的通过如下方式得以实现：所述设备是一种光学装置。这样的光学装置不具有任何在设备经常恶劣使用条件下可能受到损坏的机械运动部件。对此，在本发明的发展设计中，该光学装置是一种光学传感器或者也可以是一种设计为无机械式作用部件的开关。传感器通常这样设计，即，用它产生连续变化的信号，而用开关通常则产生两个开关位置状态(但是也可能有多个开关位置状态)。因为机械运动部件的不存在排除了其故障失灵，所以本发明设备的可靠性相对于现有技术得以提高，并杜绝了错误测量。这一点特别是在非常大数量的压力脉动以及高运行温度的应用条件下和在用油浸湿的情况下特别有利。
在本发明的另一构造设计中，光学装置与一电子分析装置相接。该分析装置考虑并且评价螺旋式压缩机的运行状态以及-在与发动机控制器连接的情况下-考虑并且评价机器或者车辆的运行状态，所述机器或者车辆内安装有该螺旋式压缩机。相应于运行条件，油位在油池中显著地波动。这种如此产生的波动可以通过本发明的设计正确地和可靠地评价分析。另一方面，例如由于泄漏或者消耗使油位下降，这在极端的情况下在严重缺油时可能导致螺旋式压缩机失效。这种缺油通过按照本发明的分析予以识别，省去了例如由于经常难以接近的结构情况而很难进行的对油位的视觉检查。
在本发明的另一构造设计中，分析装置与光学装置组合成一个结构单元和/或相对光学装置分开地设置。特别是分析单元与光学装置的组合在当今可供使用的微电子技术的情况下被提供使用并且提供了这样的优点：仅需提供一个唯一的并且紧凑的结构部件并将其安装在螺旋式压缩机上。此外，通过这种结构单元保证能够彼此优化地平衡各个部件。但是不言而喻，在本发明的范围内还可以将分析装置相对传感器分开设置。同时，在本发明的范围内还可以把分析装置与其他的电气的或者电子的结构部件在螺旋式压缩机上和/或车辆或者机器上结合成一体。对此也可以设想相应的组合方案。
在本发明的发展设计中，光学装置安装在一个可与螺旋式压缩机连接的装配机构内。该装配机构装备有所述光学装置，连同该光学装置旋入一个伸进螺旋式压缩机油池中的旋入开孔内。在此可以设置一些不同的装配机构，其内可装入统一构造的光学装置。这提供这样的优点：利用装配机构能够匹配不同的应用，但其中光学装置始终相同。
在本发明的另一构造设计中，装配机构可与一保护软管连接。这种设计特别是在下述情况采用：分析装置不与光学装置组合并且是设置或者安装在另外的位置，以及存在传输电信号和/或光学信号的信号线。
附图说明
本发明的其他有利设计可从针对附图的描述当中得知，其中详细说明了在唯一附图中表示的本发明的实施例。
具体实施方式
螺旋式压缩机具有一压力容器1，其内聚集油而形成油池。这样的螺旋式压缩机例如在车辆中用于产生压缩空气，其特别是为压缩空气制动系统的供气所必需。油持续地通过该螺旋式压缩机输送，用以润滑和冷却特别是运动的部件。相应于运行条件，油槽1中的油位会剧烈变化。例如，在空载运行或者在停止状态下油位达到最低液位高度之上(即高于最低液位高度)的一个相对较高的值，而在随后转换到负载运行时，油位由于那时接通了通过螺旋式压缩机的输送而可能下降到最低液位高度或者下降到最低液位高度之下(必须避免低于最低液位高度的情况)。这种波动特别是直至低于最低液位高度通过泄漏或者自然消耗而放大。最后，机器或者车辆的使用工况，例如在以倾斜状态运行或者在加速/制动(Planschen，液体振荡)时，也对装入的螺旋式压缩机的油位有影响。
螺旋式压缩机的压力容器1具有一旋入开孔2，其内可旋入装配机构3。旋入开孔3例如设置在油位的最低水平的高度。旋入开孔2和装配机构3具有配合作用的稳固的螺纹连接，在旋入孔2和装配机构3之间插置有一密封件9。在装配机构3内如此地装入光学装置4(在本实施例中是光学传感器)，使得该光学器件相对油池定位对准。这里，该传感器例如以适宜方式紧密粘接到装配机构3中。
与传感器连接的信号线5以适宜方式从装配机构中引出并且与一分析装置6相接。分析装置6在本实施例中是设置在螺旋式压缩机的适宜的位置。为保护信号线5而设置了一根包围信号线5的保护软管7，它又以适宜的方式与装配机构3和分析装置6的外壳相连接。为此，装配机构3和/或分析装置6可以具有法兰，在该法兰上面装上所述保护软管7。
光学传感器发送和检测通过油(或者例如在损坏/事故情况下通过未检测到的油)而发生改变的光示信号。这些信号被供送给分析装置6并进行分析。
分析装置6(其在本发明的范围内例如通过使用相应的微电子技术也可整合于装配机构3中)可以通过导线8与车辆的发动机控制器相接并且获得针对相应车辆的运行状态的信号以及随同针对螺旋式压缩机的运行状态的信息一起分析。后者显著提高了分析的可靠性，因为油位(如上文所述)与运行状态密切相关。
附图标记列表
Figure BPA00001664296700041

Claims (9)

1.用于监测和/或指示在螺旋式压缩机油池中在螺旋式压缩机的不同运行状态下波动的油位的设备，其特征在于，该设备是一种光学装置(4)。
2.根据权利要求1所述的设备，其特征在于，所述光学装置(4)是一种传感器。
3.根据权利要求1或2所述的设备，其特征在于，所述光学装置(4)是一种设计为无机械式作用部件的开关。
4.根据上述权利要求之一所述的设备，其特征在于，所述光学装置(4)与一电子分析装置(6)相接。
5.根据权利要求4所述的设备，其特征在于，所述分析装置(6)与所述光学装置(4)结合地组合成一个结构单元和/或相对所述光学装置(4)分开地设置。
6.根据权利要求4或5所述的设备，其特征在于，所述分析装置(6)与所述光学装置(4)的信号一起分析所述螺旋式压缩机的运行状态和/或整合有所述螺旋式压缩机的车辆的运行状态。
7.根据上述权利要求之一所述的设备，其特征在于，所述光学装置(4)安装在一个能与所述螺旋式压缩机连接的装配机构(3)内。
8.根据权利要求7所述的设备，其特征在于，所述装配机构(3)能与一保护软管(7)连接。
9.根据权利要求4-8之一所述的设备，其特征在于，所述分析装置(6)整合于装配机构(3)中。
CN201180019511.2A 2010-04-16 2011-04-13 用于螺旋式压缩机的油位指示器 Expired - Fee Related CN103026184B (zh)

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US20130068563A1 (en) 2013-03-21
EP2558829B1 (de) 2020-06-10
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BR112012026461B1 (pt) 2020-01-21
WO2011128356A1 (de) 2011-10-20
CA2796402C (en) 2021-05-18
CN103026184B (zh) 2016-07-20
RU2562693C2 (ru) 2015-09-10
CA2796402A1 (en) 2011-10-20
US9260989B2 (en) 2016-02-16
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DE102010015150A1 (de) 2011-10-20
JP6092095B2 (ja) 2017-03-08

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