CN103004454A - Pure artificial cultivation method of terminate series termitomyces albuminosus - Google Patents
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- CN103004454A CN103004454A CN2011102814392A CN201110281439A CN103004454A CN 103004454 A CN103004454 A CN 103004454A CN 2011102814392 A CN2011102814392 A CN 2011102814392A CN 201110281439 A CN201110281439 A CN 201110281439A CN 103004454 A CN103004454 A CN 103004454A
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Abstract
The invention provides a pure artificial cultivation method of terminate series termitomyces albuminosus. The technical scheme provided by the invention comprises the following steps of: extracting parents; culturing strains; culturing stock seeds; culturing cultivars; manufacturing oyster mushroom; cultivating; and fruiting.
Description
Technical field:
Present technique relates to the microorganism edible mushroom, and wild food (medicine) is tamed with bacterium.After specifically termite series collybia albuminosa passes through the domestication, pure artificial cultivation fruiting.
Background technology:
Termite collybia albuminosa (Termitomyces albuminosus termite), be a class under wild environment and the symbiosis of termite macro fungi, be in all kinds of collybia albuminosa (Termitomycesalbuminosus), a most special class.Through for many years research and summary, with its called after termite collybia albuminosa, termite series collybia albuminosa (Termite series ofTermitomyces albuminosus) then is the general designation of this veriety.
The habit of growth of termite series collybia albuminosa, under wild environment, and symbiosis of termite, kind, the quantity of the time of fruiting, quantity, kind, quality and termite have direct relation to the fruiting in August April for the annual lunar calendar.Under artificial condition, the temperature extremes that its mycelia can be born, the highest 30 °, minimum 8 ° or higher.The requirement of humidity, pH value, nutrition all is very high, and in experiment, the adding several amino acids has very great help to the growth of mycelia, can reduce mycelia produces jack in process of growth quantity simultaneously.Jack be mycelial growth at the product of certain one-phase, be under wild environment, longer search for food for termite children ant, can consume the nutrition of mycelia, accelerate the aging speed of mycelia, in the artificial propagation process, cut little ice, be genuine accessory substance.
Put down in writing according to Compendium of Material Medica: the chicken fir of southern people's meaning, say that it hides like chicken also, and have " beneficial stomach, clear refreshing, control hemorrhoid " etc. effect.Can control the diseases such as insufficiency of the spleen indigestion and loss of appetite, indigestion, hemorrhoid hemorrhage.Chicken fir described here is the collybia albuminosa fruit body that grows out in the termitarium under wild environment, and the whole process of growth of collybia albuminosa all relies on termite and survives, and this is the collybia albuminosa that can't break through for a long time and the symbiotic relation of termite.Collybia albuminosa (Termitomyces albuminosusHeim) is named again handle of umbrella mushroom, cockfighting mushroom, chicken silk mushroom, termite mushroom, three altar bacterium etc., belongs to Basidiomycetes, Agaricales, amanitaceae, ant nest genus.
So to the artificial domesticating cultivation of collybia albuminosa, up to the present rest on hypha fermentation and utilize the stage always.To last, global edible mushroom expert thinks that unanimously termite series collybia albuminosa is can't be pure tame.And mycelial food, medicinal effects are far away from the collybia albuminosa fruit body.
When long-term dependence fermentation mycelium comes satisfying the market and people's demand, some people is for interest and hobby, also a large amount of research is done in the cultivation of termite series collybia albuminosa, but to last because mycelial growth is bred, or the fruiting of collybia albuminosa is relied on the body of termite, absorb wild termite, foster termite goes out collybia albuminosa.
Summary of the invention:
The technology of the present invention is for above-mentioned the deficiencies in the prior art, and a kind of pure artificial cultivation method that can manually cultivate on a large scale termite series collybia albuminosa is provided.
Technical scheme of the present invention:
The pure artificial cultivation method of termite series collybia albuminosa comprises female extraction of planting, cultivate and can breed the bacterial strain bacterial classification, cultivate original seed, cultivate cultivated species, make fruiting bed, cultivation, fruiting.Concrete implementation step is:
One, extract original strain (also claiming female the kind), the extraction approach is as follows:
(1), in termitarium, extracts; (2), the spore of gathering; (3), tissue separates
Two, cultivation obtains general mycelia, jack, can breed the bacterial strain bacterial classification
Three, cultivate second class inoculum (also claiming original seed)
Four, cultivate three-class strain (also claiming cultivated species), cultivate cultivation bag
Five, make the fruiting bed
Six, cultivation, fruiting in the situation of natural season fruiting, can be planted the dry crops such as vegetables and corn simultaneously.
Beneficial effect of the present invention:
The termite that removal is harmful to human development keeps the collybia albuminosa healthy and helpful to human body.Development area specialty economies when satisfying people's demand to the exploitation plantation of termite series collybia albuminosa, are not have amount and time restriction.
Description of drawings:
Accompanying drawing 1 is cultivation method flow chart of the present invention.
Concrete embodiment:
A kind of pure artificial cultivation method of termite series collybia albuminosa, its method step is:
One, extract female front preparation of planting, the manufacturing artificial test-tube culture medium, its prescription and preparation method are as follows:
Artificial test-tube culture medium prescription: potato 250g, agar 20g, peptone 20g, sucrose 20g, yeast extract 1g, potassium dihydrogen phosphate 1g, magnesium sulfate 1g, sodium chloride 2g, VB1 10mg, water 1000ml, pH value nature.
Preparation method: with peeling potatoes, weighing, then be cut into the particle of one cubic centimetre of size, add 100ml water, be put into and boil 10 to 15 minutes on the electromagnetic oven, the filtering potato granular is supplied 1000ml to remaining liquid, other material weighing is added wherein, and its whole thawings simmer in water.Be sub-packed in while hot in test tube or the culture dish, tampon or build lid is beyond the Great Wall put into the autoclave sterilization after cooling, when pressure reaches 0.15 MPa, keeps 40 minutes.To be cooled behind normal pressure, test tube is put into the inclined-plane after taking out, and culture dish keeps flat.Cool off for subsequent use.
Two, bacterial classification extraction method:
(1) extraction method in the termitarium needs to make a bottomless inoculating hood, the on-the-spot inoculation of wild environment.Cover with bottomless inoculating hood after cutting termitarium open, mix formalin with potassium permanganate and carry out disinfection, consumption is every cubic metre of 4g10ml.After 40 minutes the collybia albuminosa bacterial classification in the termitarium is accessed in vitro.Be put into culturing room and leave standstill cultivation about 7 days, analyze and extract the female kind of pure collybia albuminosa.It is for subsequent use to leave standstill cultivation again.
(2) the spore method of gathering, need in desinfection chamber, to carry out, adopt fresh collybia albuminosa fruit body, remove stem, clean, do surface sterilization, bring desinfection chamber into after wiping away surperficial thimerosal with sterile cotton with 75% alcohol, it is suspended on top in the bell jar, culture dish is put into bell jar, leave standstill after 6 to 8 hours and take out, allow culture dish leave standstill at desinfection chamber and cultivated about 7 days, bring the sterile board analysis into and extract the female kind of pure collybia albuminosa to getting ready in vitro.It is for subsequent use to leave standstill cultivation again.
(3) tissue isolation: adopt fresh collybia albuminosa fruit body, clean, do surface sterilization, bring sterile board into after wiping away surperficial thimerosal with sterile cotton with 75% alcohol, get rhizoid and stem intersection, be torn by hand, get a tissue of soya bean size, be put into rapidly the centre position of medium.Be put into culturing room and leave standstill cultivation about 7 days, analyze and extract the female kind of pure collybia albuminosa.It is for subsequent use to leave standstill cultivation again.
Three, the bacterial classification for preparing more than leaves standstill to cultivate can analyze after 7 to 10 days and can breed the bacterial strain bacterial classification, and the bred bacterial strain bacterial classification of analyzing and confirming needs to use within a week.As not using immediately, need be kept at 10---under 16 ℃ the environment, this temperature range is the minimum temperature scope that the vital sign of collybia albuminosa can bear, poor growth or stop growing in this temperature range.But can not freezed to death yet.When temperature is lower than 8 ℃, be higher than 30 ℃ and lasting 8 hours, will be dead, optimum growth temperature range is 22 to 25 ℃.The general mycelium of collybia albuminosa can be grown, and growth length is limited, can not breed, and provides nutrition for breeding the bacterial strain bacterial classification.And jack is that to grow out under wild environment be the food that provides to termite children ant, can not breed, and nutrition is not provided.
Four, pedigree seed culture medium is made in the preparation before the seed production, and its prescription and preparation method are as follows:
Wheat 40%, sawdust 20%, rice bran or wheat bran 25%, corn flour 10%, sucrose 3%, gypsum 2%, water content 60%, PH nature.
Preparation method: take by weighing on demand a certain amount of wheat berry, soaked 8 to 10 hours with clear water, clean and the filtering floating thing, put into again pot, add water, boil full and mashed, the leaching wheat.Other material by mixing thoroughly than row weighing, is transferred to water content 60% with the water that boils wheat with it, again wheat is admixed wherein.Bottling is cleaned after fermenting one hour, and tampon is sterilized in the autoclave of packing into beyond the Great Wall, when pressure reaches 0.15 MPa, keeps 2 hours.To be cooled behind normal pressure, take out in the desinfection chamber or before the sterile board and put into rapidly sterile board, after 12 to 20 hours to be cooled, do respectively space and surface sterilization after 40 minutes with the alcohol of formaldehyde, potassium permanganate and 75%.Namely can be accessed by and to breed the bacterial strain bacterial classification.Remove after connecting and tremble culturing room, cultivating about 40 days under 22 to 25 degrees centigrade the condition, namely can be used for the making of cultivated species or cultivation bag.Be directly used in the fruiting best results of cultivation bag.
Five, pedigree seed culture medium is made in the preparation before cultivation bag is produced, and its prescription and preparation method are as follows:
(1), leaf wood sawdust 75%, wheat bran or rice bran 20%, corn flour 3%, sucrose 1%, gypsum 1%, water content 60%, PH nature.
(2), agricultural crop straw 60, wheat bran or rice bran 30%, corn flour 5%, superphosphate 1%, sucrose 2%, gypsum 2%, water content 60%, PH nature.
According to the various places resource, above prescription to be processed or do not processed, standard is 1 to 2 millimeter of diameter.Weighing, mix thoroughly, add water to 65%, fermented 12 hours, pack, sack specification 17*33.Sterilization.The normal-pressure sterilization time is when temperature reaches 100 ℃, keeps 12 to 16 hours, and the autoclaving time is when pressure reaches 0.15 MPa, keeps 3 to 4 hours.After slightly cooling off, take out of sterilizing kitchen, put into desinfection chamber, cool off again 12 hours i.e. accessible original seeds.Remove after connecting and tremble culturing room, cultivating about 60 days under 22 to 25 degrees centigrade the condition, namely can be used for cultivation bag cultivation fruiting, the culture bag that also can try again as stated above is as the cultivation fruiting bag.
Six, the making of fruiting bed, cultivation, fruiting
The selection soil property is thick, the soil of good permeability, and the flow direction is with the wind opened dark 40 to 60 centimetres, wide 20 to 30 centimetres ditch, length is not limit.Put into cultured bacterium bag, aligning method is not limit.Do arch, purpose is not allow the soil pressure of backfill wrap to bacterium.Put a short bend pipe of air intake, put a slightly long bend pipe of air-out.One connects mushroom producing room, and the other end is exposed in the air, encases with two-layer gauze or finer wire net and is exposed at airborne tube head, can prevent in the time of ventilation that insect from boring the destruction bacterium bag that comes into.Next soil is dug out in backfill, and slightly compacting gets final product.Here it is imitates wild environment, underground mushroom springing method.
In the situation of natural season fruiting, the lunar calendar 5 keeps ground moistening to August, and one month can fruiting.About the temperature control fruiting, be still waiting further experiment.
Seven, the suitable whole collybia albuminosa kinds with symbiosis of termite of this method, and with these kinds general designation called afters " termite series collybia albuminosa ".
Claims (4)
1. the purpose of this invention is to provide a kind of pure artificial cultivation method of termite series collybia albuminosa, implementation step comprises: female extraction of planting, extraction are cultivated can breed the bacterial strain bacterial classification, cultivate original seed, cultivate cultivated species, make fruiting bed, cultivation, fruiting.
2. according to the pure artificial cultivation method of the described a kind of termite series collybia albuminosa of claims 1, it is characterized in that extracting i.e. female kind of original strain, the extraction approach comprises: (1), extract in termitarium; (2), the spore of gathering; (3), tissue separates; Mother culture is obtained general mycelia, jack, can breed the bacterial strain bacterial classification, and extraction can be bred the bacterial strain bacterial classification; Then can breed the bacterial strain bacterial classification carries out second class inoculum and cultivates and to obtain original seed; Carry out afterwards the three-class strain cultivation and obtain cultivated species, then cultivate cultivation bag.
3. according to the pure artificial cultivation method of claims 1 described a kind of termite series collybia albuminosa, it is characterized in that selecting soil property thick, the soil of good permeability, the flow direction is with the wind opened dark 40 to 60 centimetres, wide 20 to 30 centimetres ditch, length does not limit makes the fruiting bed.
4. according to the pure artificial cultivation method of claims 1 described a kind of termite series collybia albuminosa, it is characterized in that cultivation, fruiting, in the situation of natural season fruiting, can plant simultaneously the dry crops such as vegetables and corn.
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Cited By (10)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103798055A (en) * | 2013-05-26 | 2014-05-21 | 程立君 | Method for producing rhizoma gastrodiae companion armillaria mellea through liquid submerged fermentation |
| CN104255297A (en) * | 2014-09-25 | 2015-01-07 | 兴义市太阳雨食用菌栽培农民专业合作社 | Artificial cultivation method of Collybia albuminosa |
| CN104285663A (en) * | 2013-07-16 | 2015-01-21 | 曲淑敏 | Black termitomyces cultivation method |
| CN104705070A (en) * | 2014-12-23 | 2015-06-17 | 李通江 | Intelligent industrial cultivation technology of black termitomyces albuminosus |
| CN104920058A (en) * | 2014-12-23 | 2015-09-23 | 李通江 | Black termitomyces albuminosus strain intelligent liquid propagation preparation method |
| CN105474995A (en) * | 2015-12-21 | 2016-04-13 | 镇江盛弘景观植物有限公司 | Cultivation and domestication method of wild collybia albuminosa |
| CN106576907A (en) * | 2016-12-09 | 2017-04-26 | 广州聚禅现代农业研究院有限公司 | Method for utilizing odontotermes formosanus and yellow wing macrotermite for cultivating litchi fungus |
| CN106718054A (en) * | 2016-12-15 | 2017-05-31 | 珠海聚焦先导生物研究院有限公司 | A kind of two kinds of lichee bacterium artificial cultivation methods of termite of dependence |
| CN107493975A (en) * | 2017-09-29 | 2017-12-22 | 贵州棒棒食用菌产业有限公司 | A kind of collybia albuminosa symbiosis of termite cultural method |
| CN108782472A (en) * | 2018-06-28 | 2018-11-13 | 云南凤梧农业科技有限公司 | A kind of artificial cultivating method of termite |
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Cited By (11)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103798055A (en) * | 2013-05-26 | 2014-05-21 | 程立君 | Method for producing rhizoma gastrodiae companion armillaria mellea through liquid submerged fermentation |
| CN104285663A (en) * | 2013-07-16 | 2015-01-21 | 曲淑敏 | Black termitomyces cultivation method |
| CN104255297A (en) * | 2014-09-25 | 2015-01-07 | 兴义市太阳雨食用菌栽培农民专业合作社 | Artificial cultivation method of Collybia albuminosa |
| CN104255297B (en) * | 2014-09-25 | 2016-05-25 | 兴义市太阳雨食用菌栽培农民专业合作社 | A kind of artificial method for planting of collybia albuminosa |
| CN104705070A (en) * | 2014-12-23 | 2015-06-17 | 李通江 | Intelligent industrial cultivation technology of black termitomyces albuminosus |
| CN104920058A (en) * | 2014-12-23 | 2015-09-23 | 李通江 | Black termitomyces albuminosus strain intelligent liquid propagation preparation method |
| CN105474995A (en) * | 2015-12-21 | 2016-04-13 | 镇江盛弘景观植物有限公司 | Cultivation and domestication method of wild collybia albuminosa |
| CN106576907A (en) * | 2016-12-09 | 2017-04-26 | 广州聚禅现代农业研究院有限公司 | Method for utilizing odontotermes formosanus and yellow wing macrotermite for cultivating litchi fungus |
| CN106718054A (en) * | 2016-12-15 | 2017-05-31 | 珠海聚焦先导生物研究院有限公司 | A kind of two kinds of lichee bacterium artificial cultivation methods of termite of dependence |
| CN107493975A (en) * | 2017-09-29 | 2017-12-22 | 贵州棒棒食用菌产业有限公司 | A kind of collybia albuminosa symbiosis of termite cultural method |
| CN108782472A (en) * | 2018-06-28 | 2018-11-13 | 云南凤梧农业科技有限公司 | A kind of artificial cultivating method of termite |
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