CN102985520B - 润滑脂组合物及机械部件 - Google Patents

润滑脂组合物及机械部件 Download PDF

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CN102985520B
CN102985520B CN201080067789.2A CN201080067789A CN102985520B CN 102985520 B CN102985520 B CN 102985520B CN 201080067789 A CN201080067789 A CN 201080067789A CN 102985520 B CN102985520 B CN 102985520B
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grease composition
rust
lipid acid
salt
preventive agent
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CN102985520A (zh
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松原宪一郎
吉成照
相田亮
今井淳一
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Kyodo Yushi Co Ltd
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Abstract

根据本发明，提供一种润滑脂组合物，其包含基油、增稠剂及防锈剂，其特征在于，防锈剂含有有机磺酸盐及脂肪酸胺盐。本发明的润滑脂组合物防锈性优异，且减少对环境的负荷。

Description

润滑脂组合物及机械部件
技术领域
本发明涉及润滑脂组合物，特别涉及防锈性优异的润滑脂组合物及使用其的机械部件，特别是轴承。
背景技术
对于多种多样的机械部件，锈的产生都会成为问题，例如：以交流发电机或电磁离合器等为代表的汽车电装部件、发动机辅机等因行驶中的路上的水、盐水或海水等浸入产生的锈成为问题的用于滚动轴承的部件，如以压缩机或送风机等为代表的工业机械电动机那样因使用冷却水而产生的浸入及因室外设置环境造成的雨水、海水的浸入产生的锈成为问题的滚动轴承部件，以洗衣机及冰箱、近年所见的浴室换气扇及浴室干燥机为代表的如家电用电动机那样因高湿度环境等生锈成为问题的滚动轴承部件等。
像这种生锈成为问题的滚动轴承等，通过适当的密封、机构方面的对策来防止成为锈的起因的物质的混入。
例如，在汽车中，配置在不会直接遭受泥水等的位置，或安装挡泥板等进行对应。
但是，滚动轴承在机构上完全的密封是不可能的，因此，需要使用的润滑油脂也具有防锈性能。
例如，在专利文献1中开示有一种润滑脂组合物，其中，作为防锈剂配合有油溶性有机抑制剂、水溶性无机钝化剂、非离子界面活性剂。
专利文献2中开示有一种封入轴承用润滑脂组合物，其中，作为防锈剂配合有磺酸钡。
但是，优选作为水溶性无机钝化剂被广泛使用的亚硝酸钠，已知它与仲胺反应而生成致癌物质即N-亚硝胺，有可能对人体产生不利影响。
另外，仅依靠有机磺酸盐(其以作为油溶性有机抑制剂而广泛使用的磺酸钡为主)的防锈性，特别是在盐水条件及海水条件那样的严酷的条件下，是不能满足的。
另外，如非专利文献1所记载，磺酸钡作为环境负荷物质，具有在业界自动限制的动向。
现有技术文献
专利文献1：日本专利2883134号
专利文献2：日本特开平5-140576号
非专利文献1：NTNTECHNICALREVIEWNo.73(2005)P10～13
发明内容
本发明的目的是提供防锈性优异，且对环境负荷小的润滑脂组合物。
本发明的另一目的是提供使用所述润滑脂组合物的机械部件，特别是轴承。
本发明提供下面所示的润滑脂组合物及使用它的机械部件。
1.一种润滑脂组合物，其包含基油、增稠剂及防锈剂，其特征在于，防锈剂含有有机磺酸盐及脂肪酸胺盐。
2.如上述1所述的润滑脂组合物，其中，所述有机磺酸盐选自由磺酸钙及磺酸锌构成的组中的至少一种。
3.如上述1或2所述的润滑脂组合物，其中，脂肪酸胺盐是胺和碳原子数4～22的脂肪酸的盐。
4.如上述1～3中任一项所述的润滑脂组合物，其是用于滚动轴承的润滑脂组合物。
5.一种机械部件，其使用上述1～4中任一项所述的润滑脂组合物。
本发明的润滑脂组合物在严重的生锈条件下也具有优异的防锈性。
具体实施方式
本发明的润滑脂组合物所使用的增稠剂没有特别限定。例如可举出：以含有锂、钠等的金属皂类、膨润土、硅胶、脲化合物、聚四氟乙烯为代表的氟系增稠剂等非皂类等。特别优选脲化合物、锂皂类。它们缺点少且不是高价，因此是具有实用性的增稠剂。
增稠剂可以单独使用一种，也可以组合使用二种以上。
本发明的润滑脂组合物的稠度适合为200～400，增稠剂的含量为得到该稠所度需要的量。通常，相对于润滑脂组合物整体，优选为3～30质量％，更优选为5～30质量％，最优选为8～25质量％。
本发明的润滑脂组成物组合物所使用的基油没有特别限定。例如可举出：矿物油，以双酯、多元醇酯为代表的酯系合成油，以聚α烯烃、聚丁烯为代表的合成烃油，以烷基二苯基醚、聚丙二醇为代表的醚系合成油，硅油，氟化油等各种合成油等所有的基油。作为特别优选的基油，可举出低温性和耐热性优异的酯系合成油、合成烃油、醚系合成油等。
基油可以单独使用一种，也可以组合使用二种以上。
本发明所使用的防锈剂含有有机磺酸盐和脂肪酸胺盐作为必须成分。
作为上述磺酸盐的磺酸成分，例如可举出：石油磺酸、二壬基萘磺酸等，作为盐，优选金属盐，特别举出：钙盐、镁盐、钠盐、钾盐、锂盐、锌盐等。特别优选的盐为钙盐，或为锌盐。
在本发明的润滑脂组合物中，有机磺酸盐可以单独使用，也可以组合使用二种以上。
在本发明的润滑脂组合物中，有机磺酸盐的含量作为有效成分，优选为0.1～10质量％，更优选为0.1～8质量％，进一步优选为0.2～5质量％。
构成上述脂肪酸胺盐的脂肪酸，例举出优选碳原子数4～22的脂肪酸，进一步优选碳原子数8～18的脂肪酸。脂肪酸可以是饱和脂肪酸，也可以是不饱和脂肪酸，另外，也可以是直链脂肪酸、支链脂肪酸、环状脂肪酸、羟基脂肪酸。具体地，可举出：硬脂酸、棕榈酸、肉豆蔻酸、月桂酸、异硬脂酸、辛酸、十一碳烯酸、油酸、羟基硬脂酸等。
作为构成上述脂肪酸胺盐的胺，没有特别的限定，可举出：优选饱和或不饱和的碳原子数1～42的胺，更优选饱和或不饱和的碳原子数4～22的胺。
具体地说，可举出：辛胺、月桂胺、十四胺、硬脂胺、山萮胺、油胺、牛脂烷基胺、硬化牛脂烷基胺、苯胺、苄胺、环己胺、二乙胺、二丙胺、二丁胺、二苯胺、二苄胺、二环己基胺、三乙胺、三丁胺、二甲基辛胺、二甲基癸胺、二甲基硬脂胺、二甲基牛脂烷基胺、二甲基硬化牛脂烷基胺、二甲基油胺等。
在本发明的润滑脂组合物中，脂肪酸胺盐可以单独使用，也可以组合使用二种以上。
本发明的润滑脂组合物中，脂肪酸胺盐的含量作为有效成分，优选为0.05～5质量％，更优选为0.05～3质量％，进一步优选为0.1～2质量％。
在本发明的润滑脂组成物组合物中，除上述的有机磺酸盐、脂肪酸胺盐以外，根据需要可以单独或二种以上混合使用通常用于润滑脂组成物组合物的所有的添加剂。作为这些添加剂的例子可举出：抗氧化剂、金属钝化剂、清洁分散剂、极压添加剂、消泡剂、抗乳化剂、油性改进剂、耐磨剂、固体润滑剂等。
实施例
使用下述成分，在基础润滑脂中添加规定量的添加剂并充分搅拌，用三辊搅拌机进行混炼，制造表1及表2所示的润滑脂组合物。
基础润滑脂：
A.增稠剂：12-羟基酸锂
基油：多元醇酯40℃运动粘度34.0mm2/s
稠度：250
B.增稠剂：二脲化合物(对甲苯胺(2摩尔)和二苯基甲烷二异氰酸酯(1摩尔)的反应物)
基油：聚-α-烯烃40℃运动粘度48.0mm2/s
稠度：280
防锈剂：
C.磺酸钙(二壬基萘磺酸钙盐)
D.磺酸锌(二壬基萘磺酸锌盐)
E.脂肪酸胺盐(碳原子数8的脂肪酸和碳原子数12的胺的盐及碳原子数18的脂肪酸和碳原子数12～20(混合)的胺的盐的二种混合物(质量比2∶1))
试验方法
·防锈性：Emcor防锈试验(IP220)，使用人工海水(ISO7120)
·判定方法：观察外轮传输面的生锈状态(n＝2)
合格0：无锈
不合格1：小的点锈三个以内
2：锈区域1％以内
3：锈区域超1％～5％以内
4：锈区域超5％～10％以内
5：超10％
表1
表2
组合配合有机磺酸盐(防锈剂C、D)和脂肪酸胺盐(防锈剂E)的实施例1～6都没有生锈，防锈性良好。
配合了与实施例1～3等量的防锈剂的比较例1(配合防锈剂C)、比较例2(配合防锈剂D)、比较例3(配合防锈剂C、D)、比较例4(配合防锈剂E)都发现生锈，结果是防锈性差。
配合了与实施例6等量的防锈剂的比较例5(配合防锈剂C、D)，发现生锈，结果是防锈性差。
从以上的例子可知，本发明的润滑脂组合物由于并用了有机磺酸盐及脂肪酸胺盐，因此，即使在严酷的生锈条件下，也显示出具有优异的防锈性。

Claims (4)

1.一种润滑脂组合物，其包含基油、增稠剂及防锈剂，其特征在于，
所述防锈剂含有有机磺酸盐及脂肪酸胺盐，所述有机磺酸盐是选自由磺酸钙及磺酸锌构成的组中的至少一种，所述脂肪酸胺盐是胺和碳原子数4～22的脂肪酸的盐；
所述基油为酯系合成油、合成烃油、醚系合成油或这些的混合物；
所述增稠剂为脲化合物或锂皂类且所述增稠剂的含量以所述润滑脂组合物的总质量为基准为3～30质量％。
2.如权利要求1所述的润滑脂组合物，其中，
所述有机磺酸盐的含量以所述润滑脂组合物的总质量为基准为0.2～5质量％。
3.如权利要求1或2所述的润滑脂组合物，其中，
所述脂肪酸胺盐以所述润滑脂组合物的总质量为基准为0.1～2质量％。
4.如权利要求1～3中任一项所述的润滑脂组合物，其中，润滑脂组合物用于滚动轴承。
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