CN102982021A - 用于消除语言转换中的多个读法的歧义的方法 - Google Patents

用于消除语言转换中的多个读法的歧义的方法 Download PDF

Info

Publication number
CN102982021A
CN102982021A CN2012102873450A CN201210287345A CN102982021A CN 102982021 A CN102982021 A CN 102982021A CN 2012102873450 A CN2012102873450 A CN 2012102873450A CN 201210287345 A CN201210287345 A CN 201210287345A CN 102982021 A CN102982021 A CN 102982021A
Authority
CN
China
Prior art keywords
character
heterograph
pronunciation
corpus
note
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
CN2012102873450A
Other languages
English (en)
Other versions
CN102982021B (zh
Inventor
布伦特·D·拉梅尔斯
戴王·K·奈克
道格拉斯·R·戴维森
亚内斯·G·A·多尔芬
朴佳
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Apple Inc
Original Assignee
Apple Computer Inc
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Apple Computer Inc filed Critical Apple Computer Inc
Publication of CN102982021A publication Critical patent/CN102982021A/zh
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of CN102982021B publication Critical patent/CN102982021B/zh
Expired - Fee Related legal-status Critical Current
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

Links

Images

Classifications

    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
    • G06F40/00—Handling natural language data
    • G06F40/40—Processing or translation of natural language
    • G06F40/53—Processing of non-Latin text

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Theoretical Computer Science (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Artificial Intelligence (AREA)
  • Audiology, Speech & Language Pathology (AREA)
  • Computational Linguistics (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Document Processing Apparatus (AREA)
  • Machine Translation (AREA)

Abstract

本发明揭示消除语言转换中的多个读法的歧义的方法，所述方法包含：接收待转换成一组字符的输入数据，所述组字符包括所述输入数据在目标符号系统中的符号表示；以及使用区别所述目标符号系统的字符的第一读法与第二读法的语言模型，以确定所述同形异音异义字符应用以表示所述输入数据的对应部分的概率。

Description

用于消除语言转换中的多个读法的歧义的方法
技术领域
本发明涉及语言转换，尤其涉及消除语言转换中的多个读法的歧义。
背景技术
例如N元语法模型的统计语言模型通常用以通过使用概率分布将概率Pr(W)指配给一序列字W来将一种语言转换或翻译成另一种语言。这些语言模型通常是从一大堆文本(称作语料库)训练且，一般地，俘获每一个字的出现频率和/或语料库内的两个或两个以上字的每一序列。按照惯例，通过训练语言模型而不管语言模型在每一特定上下文中的用法和/或读法来考虑语料库中的特定字的出现。虽然语料库中的大多数字且一般地各自与一种意义相关联且可能地与一个以上正确发音相关联，但是某些字是以完全相同方式书写而具有不同意义和发音/读法(即，同形异音异义词)。举例来说，英文语言中的同形异音异义词的实例为“desert”，其在一种上下文和用法/发音中意味“抛弃”且在另一种上下文和用法/发音中意味“干燥的荒芜陆地区域”。因此，通过考虑字“desert”的频率而不管字“desert”在语料库中的用法的上下文，常规语言模型最可能看漏第一种含义(“抛弃”)和第二种含义(“干燥的荒芜陆地区域”)的字的使用频率的任何差别。
拼音是使用罗马字母表抄录中国国语的标准方法。在拼音音译中，将中文字符的语音发音/读法映射到由罗马字母组成的音节。拼音通常用以经由转换系统将中文字符输入到计算机中。这种系统常常并有统计语言模型以改进转换准确度。某些中文字符具有多个发音/读法(即，同形异音异义中文字符)。然而，并不区别同形异音异义词的不同发音/读法的常规语言模型有时可产生用于与同形异音异义中文字符相关联的拼音的不合需要的中文转换候选者。
发明内容
本发明的一个实施例涉及一种方法。所述方法包括在包括存储器和一个或一个以上处理器的装置处：接收待转换成一组字符的输入数据，所述组字符包括所述输入数据在目标符号系统中的符号表示；以及使用区别所述目标符号系统的同形异音异义字符的第一读法与第二读法的语言模型，以确定所述同形异音异义字符表示所述输入数据的对应部分的相应概率。
本发明的另一实施例涉及一种电子装置。所述电子装置包括：输入接收单元，其经配置以接收待转换成一组字符的输入数据，所述组字符包括所述输入数据在目标符号系统中的符号表示；以及耦合到所述输入接收单元的转换单元，所述转换单元经配置以使用区别所述目标符号系统的同形异音异义字符的第一读法与第二读法的语言模型，以确定所述同形异音异义字符表示所述输入数据的对应部分的相应概率。
附图说明
在以下详细描述和附随图式中揭示本发明的各种实施例。
图1为用于语言转换的系统的实施例的图。
图2为展示经配置以将输入数据转换成目标符号表示的输出的装置的实施例的图。
图3为展示执行语言转换的程序的实施例的流程图。
图4A展示在语料库中发现的一序列文本的实例。
图4B展示存储于从语料库训练的语言模型处的一些数据的实例，图4A的文本是从所述语料库发现。
图5为展示用于建立已加以注释的语料库的系统的实施例的图，所述已加以注释的语料库待用以训练待用于语言转换的语言模型。
图6为展示用于对语言模型加以注释并使用语言模型的程序的实施例的流程图。
图7A为展示句子702和句子704的实例，句子702呈现于不包含关于同形异音异义字符的注释的语料库中，句子704呈现于确实包含关于同形异音异义字符的注释的语料库中。
图7B为展示句子710和句子712的实例，句子710呈现于不包含关于同形异音异义字符的注释的语料库中，句子712呈现于确实包含关于同形异音异义字符的注释的语料库中。
图8A展示使用未加以注释以用于同形异音异义字符的中文字符语料库(“不具有注释的语料库”)的实例。
图8B展示使用已加以注释以用于同形异音异义字符的中文字符语料库(“具有注释的语料库”)的实例。
图9为展示语言转换的程序的实施例的流程图。
图10为展示用于将拼音转换成中文字符的程序的实施例的流程图。
具体实施方式
本发明可以众多方式来实施，众多方式包含呈现以下各者的形式：程序；设备；系统；物质组成；体现于计算机可读存储媒体上的计算机程序产品；和/或处理器，例如，经配置以执行存储于耦合到处理器的存储器上的和/或由耦合到处理器的存储器提供的指令的处理器。在此说明书中，这些实施方案或本发明可采用的任何其它形式可被称作技术。一般地说，可在本发明的范围内变更所揭示程序的步骤的次序。除非另外陈述，否则，例如描述为经配置以执行任务的处理器或存储器的组件可实施为经暂时配置以在给定时间执行任务的一般组件或经制造以执行任务的特定组件。如本文中所使用，术语“处理器”指代经配置以处理数据(例如，计算机程序指令)的一个或一个以上装置、电路和/或处理芯。
下文连同说明本发明的原理的随附图一起提供本发明的一个或一个以上实施例的详细描述。结合这些实施例描述本发明，但本发明不限于任何实施例。本发明的范围仅通过权利要求书来限制且本发明包括众多替代例、修改和等效物。在以下描述中阐述众多特定细节以便提供对本发明的透彻理解。提供这些细节以用于实例的目的且可在无这些特定细节中的一些特定细节或全部的情况下根据权利要求书实践本发明。为了清晰的目的，未详细描述与本发明有关的技术领域中已知的技术材料，以使得不会不必要地使本发明难理解。
揭示使用语言模型的方法，所述语言模型是针对已加以注释以区别与某些字符相关联的不同读法的语料库训练。在一些实施例中，呈现于与一个以上读法/发音/用法/含义相关联的语料库中的字符的例子是用适合于字符的彼例子的读法/发音/用法/含义加以注释。在一些实施例中，使用针对此已加以注释的语料库训练的语言模型将拼音转换成中文字符。
图1为用于语言转换的系统的实施例的图。在实例中，系统100包含装置102、网络104，和转换服务器106。网络104可包含各种高速数据和/或电信网络。
装置102经配置以接收输入数据。在一些实施例中，输入数据可包含输入文本(例如，罗马字母表)。举例来说，输入数据可包含拼音。虽然将装置102展示为iPhone
Figure BDA00002006240300031
但装置102的其它实例可为桌上型计算机、膝上型计算机(例如，MacBook
Figure BDA00002006240300032
)、智能电话、移动装置、平板装置(例如，iPad
Figure BDA00002006240300033
或iPad 2
Figure BDA00002006240300034
)，以及任何其它类型的计算装置。装置102经配置以包含输入区域，在输入区域中，可由装置102来俘获/接收键打和/或手写的字符。这种输入区域的实例包含触摸屏键盘(例如，平板和/或移动电话装置的触摸屏键盘)、实体键盘、轨迹垫(例如，Apple的Magic Trackpad，或MacBook Pro的内置式轨迹垫)、电子书写表面，以及触控板。在各种实施例中，用户可通过与装置102的输入区域互动(例如，通过键打到实体和/或触摸屏键盘中)在装置102处选择输入。在一些实施例中，装置102包含显示区域，在显示区域中，可显示从转换服务器106接收的输出。
在一些实施例中，装置102经配置以经由网络104将所接收输入发送到转换服务器106以供转换服务器106将所接收输入转换成目标符号表示的输出(例如，一组字符)。在一些实施例中，装置102包含与执行类似转换相关联的逻辑、代码和/或所存储数据，且因此可执行输入数据到目标符号表示的输出的转换，而无需经由网络104将数据传输到远程转换服务器106。
转换服务器106经配置以接收数据并将数据转换成另一种形式(例如，目标符号表示的字符)。举例来说，目标符号表示可为中文字符。在一些实施例中，转换服务器106可包含语言模型(例如，从中文字符的语料库训练的)和/或数据库，所述数据库用以存储输入数据的文本与目标符号表示的字符集之间的关联(例如，输入数据到目标符号表示词典)。在一些实施例中，转换服务器106的输出可包含来自输入的转换候选者。举例来说，用于输出的转换候选者可为从语言模型和输入拼音确定的某数目个统计上最可能的(即，很可能的)中文字符。在一些实施例中，将转换服务器106的输出发送回到装置102且在装置102处显示输出(例如，供用户检视和/或关于所显示信息作出进一步选择)。
图2为展示经配置以将输入数据转换成目标符号表示的输出的装置的实施例的图。在一些实施例中，可使用图2的实例来实施系统100的装置102。在一些实施例中，如图2中所说明的装置局部地包含转换服务器106的一个或一个以上功能性，以使得其可执行转换而无需经由网络将数据传输到远程服务器。实例中的装置的所展示组件(例如，显示器202、转换引擎206、词典204、语言模型208，和输入区域210)可使用硬件和软件中的一者或两者来实施。在一些实施例中，装置可具有比实例中所展示的彼等组件多或少的组件。
输入区域210经配置以俘获/接收第一符号表示的一组字符。如上文所叙述，输入区域210的实例包含触摸屏键盘(例如，平板和/或移动电话装置的触摸屏键盘)、实体键盘、轨迹垫(例如，Apple的Magic Trackpad，或MacBook Pro的内置式轨迹垫)、与语音辨识/转换/抄录功能相关联的接收器(例如，麦克风)、电子书写表面，以及触控板。在一些实施例中，输入区域210经配置以从罗马字母表(例如，a、b、c，……等等)接收一个或一个以上文本字符。举例来说，输入区域210可接收拼音，拼音为用于以罗马字母表音译中国国语的系统。用户可(例如)将拼音输入到装置的输入区域210中，以使得装置呈现用户可选择以在装置上以中文“键打”的中文转换候选者。在一些实施例中，输入区域210将输入字符存储为其对应文本编码对应物。文本编码方案的实例包含ASCII、Big5、UTF-8、UTF-16、HKSCS、GB18030和JIS X 0213。
转换引擎206经配置以使用从输入区域210所接收的输入且确定目标符号表示的转换候选者。在一些实施例中，目标符号表示可包含中文字符。在一些实施例中，转换引擎206经配置以在转换输入之前对输入执行预处理。举例来说，如果输入为拼音，那么转换引擎206可将拼音解析成对应于单音节的一个或一个以上字符群组，以准备用于将每一单音节映射到中文转换候选者，这是因为：典型地，每一中文字符是以单音节形式来读法/发音。转换引擎206经配置以存取词典204和语言模型208。词典204可包含用以存储输入数据的字符集与目标符号表示的字符集之间的映射/关联的一个或一个以上数据库。语言模型208可为针对目标符号表示的文本的语料库训练的N元语法模型。在一些实施例中，对用以训练语言模型208的语料库加以注释，以区别目标符号表示的同形异音异义字符的不同读法。举例来说，转换引擎206可首先使用词典204将输入数据的已解析拼音映射到一或多个潜在中文字符转换，且接着从语言模型208中检索对应于彼等潜在中文字符转换的统计信息，以确定候选转换的哪些组合为最可能的。可接着在显示器202处显示字符的最可能组合(例如，供用户检视和/或互动)。显示器202的实例可包含可俘获来自用户的互动的触摸屏，或无法俘获用户互动的其它类型的显示器。
举例来说，如果输入为拼音“nihao”，那么转换引擎206可首先将输入解析成两个单音节字符群组“ni”和“hao”。因为中文字符当中存在许多同音异义词(即，发音相同但具有不同意义的字)，所以输入拼音内的每一单音节群组可潜在地通过词典204映射到若干个可能的中文字符(每一个此字符可以对应单音节拼音群组的语音发音读法)。接着，转换引擎206可检索与中文字符中的每一者和/或其组合有关的统计信息，以确定具有最高概率的字符组合为用户意欲的字符组合。
图3为展示执行语言转换的程序的实施例的流程图。在一些实施例中，可在系统处实施程序300，所述系统构建语言模型且也使用所构建语言模型执行语言转换。
在302处，接收文本的语料库。文本的语料库可包含大的和结构化文本集(例如，从各种源搜集)。可以数字方式存储和处理文本的语料库。典型地，语料库含有单一语言文本和/或具有类似于待针对语料库训练的语言模型的输入的形式。举例来说，为了训练用于拼音到中文字符转换的语言模型，语料库可包含呈中文字符形式的文本。
在304处，使用语料库训练语言模型。在一些实施例中，可使用语言模型化工具(例如，IRST语言模型工具箱)来从语料库训练和构建语言模型。举例来说，语言模型化工具可针对在语料库中发现的字符中的每一者和/或字符的每一序列产生N元语法概率。举例来说，可为在语料库中发现的字符的每一序列(例如，长度为2个或3个或3个以上字符)指配出现概率。分析字符序列，以使得稍后可借助于通过邻近/周围字符供应的上下文辨识用于序列内的字符的上下文(例如，在语言转换阶段期间)。因此，对于从未呈现于语料库中或很少呈现(例如，归因于印刷上错误或缺少意义)的一序列字符，针对彼等序列产生的概率为零或极低(以指示其表示输入数据之后所隐藏的用户的所要意图的不可能性)。所得语言模型至少包含到在语料库(模型是针对语料库训练)中发现的一个或一个以上字符(例如，或表示彼等字符的基础符号)的序列的概率的一组指配。返回到中文字符的语料库的实例，所得语言模型将包含指配给在语料库中发现的一个或一个以上中文字符的序列的概率。
在306处，使用语言模型执行语言转换。举例来说，语言模型可供转换引擎(例如，转换引擎206)或转换服务器(例如，转换服务器106)使用，以将一种形式(例如，语音或文本)的输入转换成第二种形式(例如，目标符号表示)的一个或一个以上输出。在一些实施例中，输入数据映射到一个正确输出(例如，键入输入的用户所要的输出)。更准确的语言模型可针对给定输入数据检索待从输入数据转换的潜在输出，所述潜在输出更可能包含用户所要的一个输出。举例来说，可将输入数据(例如，正确拼写的拼音)映射(例如，使用词典)到一个或一个以上字符(例如，中文字符)，通过语言模型来维持关于所述一个或一个以上字符(例如，中文字符)的统计信息(例如，概率)。接着使用已检索的概率来确定潜在地映射到输入的字符中的哪些字符更可能为准确映射。在一些实施例中，语言模型包含用以匹配输入与输出的其它统计工具，例如，从输入数据到目标符号表示的字符级和/或字级和/或句子(例如，句子的开头和句子的结尾)和/或短语级分辨率。
图4A和4B为说明语言模型的建立和使用中的一些步骤的实例。
图4A展示在语料库中发现的文本序列的实例。如实例中所使用，字符(例如，A、F、S，……等等)中的每一者可用以表示任何语言的字符或字；仅出于示范性目的而选择大写字母开头的罗马字母。举例来说，图4A中所展示的字符中的每一者可表示呈现于中文字符语料库中的中文字符。可在训练语言模型期间将语料库的文本分成N元语法(例如，长度为N个字符的字符序列)。子序列或N元语法402(包含“A F”)、404(包含“FS D”)和406(包含“W G S J”)为在语料库中发现的序列的一些实例，所述序列可在构建语言模型的N元语法概率产生和/或训练阶段中加以使用。举例来说，可通过语言模型化工具和/或语言模型的设计者来选择待针对特定语言模型产生的N元语法概率所针对的序列的字符长度。
图4B展示存储于从语料库训练的语言模型处的一些数据的实例，图4A的文本是从所述语料库发现。如实例中所展示，计算并存储(例如，在表条目中)在语料库中发现的各种序列(具有变化的长度)的概率(对应于其相应字符序列)。举例来说，408表示示范性表中的条目，其指示通过语言模型指配的关于序列“A F”在语料库中的出现的N元语法概率(0.0324)。在一些实施例中，除图4B中所展示的示范性数据之外，语言模型也可包含其它类型的信息(例如，输入数据到目标符号表示词典、字、若干字符的单位，以及像名称和地点的信息类别)。
在一些实施例中，可使用语言模型来转换输入数据(例如，与第一符号或其它表示有关的一组字符)，以产生输出数据(例如，形成与目标符号表示有关的一个或一个以上转换候选者的一组字符)。举例来说，可使用语言模型经由输入装置将拼音文本输入转换成对应中文字符。剖析输入拼音字符序列，以确定可映射到一个或一个以上潜在中文字符的音节(例如，通过语言模型或某一其它技术)，且这些中文字符的相应概率可用以确定充当来自输入拼音的所要映射的更可能的中文字符转换。
一般地，虽然字符的常规语料库可包含某些注释(例如，语音标记的部分)，但其典型地并不包含关于以下各者的注释：字符的读法/发音/用法/含义(有时在本文中被称作仅“读法”)，或针对字符所用于的上下文的特定读法/发音/用法/含义(如果存在与字符相关联的一个以上可能的读法/发音/用法/含义)。举例来说，中文字符的常规语料库并不典型地包含关于读法/发音/含义/拼音对应物的注释。换句话说，常规中文字符语料库并不区别同形异音异义中文字符的多个读法，其中每一读法适合于不同上下文。举例来说，在语料库的一部分中的上下文可使用第一种含义(读法/发音/拼音对应物)的同形异音异义字符，而在相同语料库的另一部分上的上下文可使用不同于第一种含义的第二种含义的同形异音异义字符(读法/发音/拼音对应物)。然而，在语料库中无注释的情况下，为了区别同形异音异义字符的两个(或两个以上)含义，接着将仅针对彼同形异音异义字符(包括多个读法)，基于字符呈现于语料库中的任何时间而执行N元语法概率产生，而不是针对彼同形异音异义字符的每一个读法，基于彼同形异音异义字符的特定读法呈现于语料库中的每一时间而确定单独的含义特定概率。作为未能区别常规语料库中的某些字符的可能的多个读法的结果，在将数据输入转换成包含同形异音异义字符的输出中，使用这种语料库训练的语言模型可能较不准确。揭示消除语言模型中的字符的不同读法之间的歧义的方法，如下文将论述。
图5为展示用于建立已加以注释的语料库的系统的实施例的图，所述已加以注释的语料库待用以训练待用于语言转换的语言模型。在各种实施例中，语料库的注释促进区别用以指示语料库中的第一读法/发音/拼音/含义的同形异音异义词的一种用法与用以指示语料库中的第二读法/发音/拼音/含义的相同同形异音异义词的另一种用法。网络508可包含各种高速数据和/或电信网络。在一些实施例中，语言模型训练引擎510、语料库512和语言模型514可实施为转换服务器(例如，转换服务器106)的部分。
在一些实施例中，语言模型训练引擎510经由网络508从(例如)由第三方托管的服务器检索文本源502、504和506。在一些实施例中，语言模型训练引擎510在不使用网络508的情况下接收文本(例如，通过经由本地存储器或源获得文本)。在一些实施例中，语言模型训练引擎510经配置以将所检索和/或所接收文本存储于语料库512处。语料库512是由从各种源提取的文本形成，各种源例如文本源502、文本源504和文本源506。在一些实施例中，语料库512处所搜集的文本主要包含一种语言的文本。举例来说，语料库512的文本可主要呈中文字符形式。文本源502、504和506的实例包含报纸、网站、书籍、期刊、社会媒体(例如，Facebook
Figure BDA00002006240300081
Twitter)，和杂志。举例来说，从文本源502、504和506收集的文本可总共大约800百万个中文字符。而且，举例来说，中文字符的语料库可包含8000个不同字符，其中大约50个字符为同形异音异义字符。在一些实施例中，在无语料库512的注释的情况下，通过语料库512中的一个相异符号表示从文本源提取的每一相异字符，且将多次从文本源提取的相同字符存储为对应于彼字符的符号的多个例子。
在一些实施例中，语言模型训练引擎510经配置以接收语料库512中的对字符的手动注释。在一些实施例中，语言模型514的系统管理员和/或设计者(例如，人类用户)扫描语料库512的文本以寻找同形异音异义字符，且基于用户对同形异音异义字符所用于的上下文的理解(例如，基于字符所用于的句子和/或周围文本)，对同形异音异义字符的彼例子加以注释以指示其适当读法/发音/拼音/含义。举例来说，为了执行这种注释，可用语料库512中的新符号(例如，文本编码)替换特定读法(两个或两个以上可能读法中的)的同形异音异义字符的例子，所述新符号可区别于表示存在于语料库512中的所有其它字符的符号，且也可区别于与彼相同同形异音异义字符的另一读法相关联的另一个符号。换句话说，语料库512中具有一读法的同形异音异义字符将与语料库512中的第一符号相关联，且具有第二读法的相同同形异音异义字符将与语料库512中的第二符号相关联。因此，当同形异音异义字符用于与第一读法相关联的上下文中时，将字符的彼例子存储为语料库512中的第一符号，且当同形异音异义字符用于与第二读法相关联的上下文中时，将字符的彼例子存储为第二符号。由于注释，同形异音异义字符将不再在整个语料库512中呈现为相同符号的各种例子，而是同形异音异义字符的每一不同读法将由语料库中的相异符号替换。因此，举例来说，与三个可能读法相关联的同形异音异义字符可在整个语料库512中呈现为已加以注释的语料库中的三个不同符号的各种例子。在一些实施例中，虽然一个以上符号可表示语料库中的同形异音异义字符，但彼等符号中的每一者仍与相同同形异音异义字符相关联。
举例来说，在用于英文字的这种已加以注释的语料库中，“desert”为具有两个可能读法的同形异音异义字/字符：一种读法为动词，意味“抛弃”，所述读法与一种意义相关联，且一种读法为名词，意味“干燥的荒芜陆地区域”，所述读法与不同意义相关联。在对语料库加以注释之前，在语料库的文本中的“desert”的呈现将与用于“desert”的符号相关联。但在注释之后，语料库中的“desert”的呈现将取决于用于“desert”的两种意义中的哪一种意义适合于“desert”的彼例子呈现于文本中的上下文而与用于动词或名词的符号相关联。
在一些实施例中，通过用以编码用于所有出现的符号的原始符号来表示字的可能读法或符号或符号序列中的一者，且仅对与一个或一个以上其它可能读法相关联的例子加以注释。在前述实例中，举例来说，将不对以与desert_v(动词，意味“抛弃”)相关联的方式使用的“desert”加以注释，但对于以desert_n(名词，意味“干燥的荒芜陆地区域”)含义使用的“desert”的例子，将用对应于desert_n (意味“干燥的荒芜陆地区域”)的新近定义的符号替换用以编码“desert”的符号。随后，在训练语言模型中，将未加以注释的“desert”的出现理解为与desert_v(意味“抛弃”)相关联，而将desert_n(意味“干燥的荒芜陆地区域”)的出现理解为指代第二读法。
在一些实施例中，用户手动地对语料库512的文本的子集加以注释，且以类似方式(例如，基于通过手动注释建立的注释模式)自动地对语料库512的剩余部分加以注释(例如，使用呈软件和/或硬件形式的机器获悉技术)。举例来说，自动程序可使用从手动注释获悉的模式来识别用于同形异音异义字符的第一上下文以及在彼上下文中的彼字符的对应适当读法，且对语料库中的字符的彼例子加以注释为与字符的彼特定读法相关联(例如，通过将与语料库中的同形异音异义字符相关联的符号替换为相异于表示彼字符的另一读法的符号且相异于表示语料库512中的另一字符的符号的符号)。
用以在对语料库512加以注释之后考虑语料库512的一种方式是：符号集变得扩展；而在所揭示注释之前，同形异音异义字符映射到用以以机器可理解方式表示字符的一机器可读值(例如，统一代码码点或其它值)，在所揭示注释之后，同形异音异义字符映射到用于已加以注释的语料库512中的一个以上机器可读值，其中与同形异音异义字符相关联的每一机器可读值表示同形异音异义字符的特定读法。
在一些实施例中，使用(例如)语言模型化工具(例如，IRST语言模型工具箱)针对已加以注释的语料库512训练语言模型514。举例来说，语言模型化工具可产生关于字符(或其符号)和字符序列的N元语法概率，包含针对已加以注释的语料库512的同形异音异义字符的多个读法添加的新符号。
在一些实施例中，转换引擎(例如，图2的转换引擎206)经配置以接收输入数据，以使用针对读法已加以注释的语料库训练的语言模型(例如，语言模型514)，产生目标符号表示中的一个或一个以上转换候选者。举例来说，假定：输入数据与拼音相关联，且语言模型514与中文字符相关联。接着，使用针对语言模型514中的字符/符号和其序列所产生的概率，转换引擎206可产生一个或一个以上中文字符作为输出，所述一个或一个以上中文字符相对来说更可能匹配给定拼音输入且特别避免过高估计以下情形的可能性：通过使用提供同形异音异义字符的特定读法所特有的概率的模型，意欲特定同形异音异义字符。
图6为展示用于对语言模型加以注释并使用语言模型的程序的实施例的流程图。在一些实施例中，可至少部分使用系统500来实施程序600。
在602处，接收对与语料库相关联的文本子集的注释的一个或一个以上手动输入，其中对于与一个以上读法相关联的字符的例子，对注释的手动输入至少部分基于与例子相关联的上下文而指示字符的适当读法。
举例来说，用户可读完语料库的文本的子集以定位同形异音异义字符/字的例子。在寻找到同形异音异义字符/字的例子后，用户便可基于字符的例子所呈现于的上下文(例如，字符所呈现于的句子，环绕彼字符的字符)以及用户对彼上下文中的字符的用法的了解，确定用于字符的彼例子的适当读法并对适当读法加以注释。很少有适合于语料库中的字符的例子的同形异音异义字符的一个以上读法(如果有的话)。因而，仅需要针对语料库中的同形异音异义字符的每一个例子的一个确定的读法。可将针对同形异音异义字符的例子的此确定的适当读法键入到转换引擎中作为注释且也将适当读法存储于语料库中。在一些实施例中，可将与同形异音异义词的例子相关联的用以指示同形异音异义词的特定读法的注释存储为语料库中的新符号(例如，不同于用以表示语料库中的任何其它字符的符号且也不同于用以表示相同同形异音异义字符的另一读法的符号的符号，例如，先前未指配的统一代码值或专用使用区域字符)，所述新符号替换表示字符的原始例子的语料库中的符号(例如，文本编码)。在一些实施例中，与同形异音异义词的例子相关联的用以指示同形异音异义词的特定读法的注释可为添加到符号的表示语料库中的字符的彼例子的标签。在一些实施例中，语料库可包含从各种源获得的文本(大部分为一种语言)。
因为手动地对整个语料库(其可包含成千上万个文本)加以注释将是不足的，所以可针对语料库的小子集执行手动注释，且可使用自动化程序对语料库的剩余部分加以注释，如下文所描述。
在604处，至少部分基于对注释的所接收的一个或一个以上手动输入，自动地对与语料库相关联的文本的未加以手动地注释的至少一部分加以注释。
在一些实施例中，可使用自动化程序将注释添加到尚未手动地加以注释的语料库的整个剩余部分中的同形异音异义字符的例子的各种不同读法。举例来说，可用软件建立自动化程序，所述软件使用机器获悉技术和602处的手动注释输入。
在606处，使用已加以注释的语料库训练语言模型。
在一些实施例中，已加以注释的语料库包含相异符号，以表示在对语料库加以注释之前出现于语料库中的同形异音异义字符的每一个例子的不同读法。在一些实施例中，通过对在已加以注释的语料库中发现的字符/字和其序列执行N元语法概率产生，针对已加以注释的语料库建立语言模型并训练语言模型。在一些实施例中，也可针对在语料库内发现的句子的开头和结尾训练语言模型。所得语言模型将包含与同形异音异义字符的每一读法相关联的概率。
举例来说，假定：在已加以注释的语料库中，通过符号“word_reading1”或“word_reading2”来表示贯穿文本的同形异音异义“字”的出现。因而，针对已加以注释的语料库训练的语言模型将包含包含字符/符号“word_reading1”或“word_reading2”的概率(例如，可使用Pr(word_reading1)来表示与一元语法“wording_reading1”相关联的概率，且可使用Pr(word_reading2)来表示与一元语法“word_reading2”相关联的概率；也可产生与N元语法相关联的概率，例如Pr(wordN,wordN-1,…,word_reading1)和Pr(wordN,wordN-1,…,word_reading2))。
举例来说，对于具有两个读法的同形异音异义字“desert”，可针对每一读法确定单独概率。举例来说，可针对“desert_v”(例如，Pr(desert_v)、Pr(he,would,desert_v)、Pr(soldier,said,he,would,desert_v))确定用于与一元语法、二元语法、……N元语法相关联的概率，且可针对“desert_n”(例如，Pr(desert_n)、Pr(crossed,through,a,desert_n)、Pr(camel,crossed,through,a,desert_n))确定用于与一元语法、二元语法、……N元语法相关联的概率。通过采用序列(长度比一个字符长)的概率，可使用这些概率来消除字符的歧义以确定字符可呈现于的适当上下文。
图7A和7B为中文语料库中的文本的实例，已对所述中文语料库加以注释以区别同形异音异义中文字符的不同读法。虽然在这些实例中展示中文字符的语料库，但语料库可改为包含不同语言(例如，日文)的字符。
图7A为展示句子702和句子704的实例，句子702呈现于不包含关于同形异音异义字符的注释的语料库中，句子704呈现于确实包含关于同形异音异义字符的注释的语料库中。在句子702中，同形异音异义字符706(“长”)为与以下至少两个不同读法/发音/拼音/含义相关联的同形异音异义字符：“zhang”和“chang”。举例来说，当朗读为“zhang”时，“长”的意义意味“首领或领导者”。举例来说，当朗读为“chang”时，“长”的意义意味“长”。句子702的英文翻译(在不包含关于同形异音异义字符的注释的语料库中)为“he is one ofthe candidates running for mayor.”。因而，在句子702中，字符706(“长”)是以与“zhang”的读法/拼音相关联的含义使用。在不包含关于同形异音异义字符的注释的语料库中，句子702中的字符706(“长”)的呈现将映射到语料库中的一个符号(例如，使用“长”的某一形式的文本编码)。然而，在执行注释之后，句子702变成句子704，句子704将呈现于确实包含关于同形异音异义字符的注释的语料库中。在句子704中，字符(“长”)现在由语料库中的表示读法708(“长_zhang”)的符号替换(例如，使用新近针对“长_zhang”建立的某一形式的文本编码或先前未用于呈现于语料库中的任何其它字符的文本编码)。
图7B为展示句子710和句子712的实例，句子710呈现于不包含关于同形异音异义字符的注释的语料库中，句子712呈现于确实包含关于同形异音异义字符的注释的语料库中。在不包含关于同形异音异义字符的注释的语料库中的句子710的英文翻译为“Ihave been here for a long time already.”。因而，在句子710中，字符706(“长”)是以与“chang”的读法/拼音相关联的含义使用。在不包含关于同形异音异义字符的注释的语料库中，句子710中的同形异音异义字符706(“长”)的呈现将映射到语料库中的一个符号(例如，使用“长”的某一形式的文本编码)。然而，在执行注释之后，句子710变成句子712，句子712将呈现于确实包含关于同形异音异义字符的注释的语料库中。在句子712中，字符(“长”)现在由语料库中的表示读法716(“长_chang”)的符号替换(例如，使用新近针对“长_chang”建立的某一形式的文本编码或先前未用于呈现于语料库中的任何其它字符的文本编码)。
图8A和8B说明在将拼音输入转换成某一形式的中文字符输出中使用未加以注释以用于同形异音异义字符的语料库和已加以注释以用于同形异音异义字符的语料库的实例。虽然在这些实例中展示中文字符的语料库，但语料库可改为包含不同语言(例如，日文)的字符。在图7A和7B的实例中，可在装置(例如，装置102)的输入区域处接收拼音输入。
在实例中，同形异音异义字符“长”与两个潜在读法/拼音“chang”和“zhang”相关联。
图8A展示使用未加以注释以用于同形异音异义字符的中文字符语料库(“不具有注释的语料库”)的实例。在此实例中，不管是输入拼音“chang”还是“zhang”，对不具有注释的语料库训练的语言模型将(例如，在拼音映射到“长”的潜在中文转换候选者之后)检索与“长”相关联的概率，例如，一元语法“长”的概率(Pr(长))。尽管如此，也可检索与包含“长”的一序列字符(例如，N元语法，其中N>1)相关联的概率(例如，Pr(市,长))。因此，在提供统计信息以区分使用“zhang”的读法/含义(意味“首领”)的“长”和使用“chang”的读法/含义(意味“长”)的“长”的短语和/或句子中，语言模型可能较不准确。
假定(例如)：“zhang”的读法/含义的“长”在语料库中远不如也与“zhang”的拼音相关联的其它中文字符(例如，章、掌)常用。然而，对语料库训练的所得语言模型将相同概率归因于“长”(例如，对应于包含“长”的N元语法)，而不管“长”在语料库内以多少种含义使用。因为指配给“长”的概率可包含语料库中的“chang”的读法/含义的“长”的至少一些用途，所以语言模型中的“长”的概率相对于与映射到拼音“chang”的其它中文转换候选者相关联的概率来说可能不正确地较高，此情形可导致语言转换中的总的较低准确度。
图8B展示使用已加以注释以用于同形异音异义字符的中文字符语料库(“具有注释的语料库”)的实例。在此实例中，对于拼音输入“chang”(例如，在拼音映射到“长”的潜在中文转换候选者之后)，语言模型将检索与字符的彼读法相关联的概率，例如，“长_chang”的一元语法的概率(Pr(长_chang))。尽管如此，也可检索与包含“长_chang”的一序列字符(例如，N元语法，其中N>1)相关联的概率(例如，Pr(市，长_chang))。类似地，对于拼音输入“zhang”，语言模型将检索与字符的彼读法相关联的概率，例如，一元语法“长_zhang”的概率(例如，Pr(长_zhang))。由于对语言模型训练所针对的语料库加以注释，因此可将概率归因于相同同形异音异义词的每一不同读法，此情形可允许更准确的转换。
返回到先前实例，其中假定：“zhang”的读法/含义的“长”在语料库中远不如也与拼音“zhang”相关联的其它中文字符(例如，章、掌)常用，现在在针对具有注释的语料库训练语言模型之后，存在可归因于“长”的不同读法(“chang”和“zhang”)的单独概率。现在，指配给“长_zhang”的概率将不包含在语料库内的“chang”含义的“长”的任何用途，且类似地，指配给“长_chang”的概率将不包含在语料库内的“zhang”含义的“长”的任何用途。因而，语言模型中的“长”的概率相对于与映射到拼音“zhang”或“chang”的其它中文转换候选者相关联的概率来说将更准确，此情形将导致语言转换中的总的较高准确度。
图9为展示语言转换的程序的实施例的流程图。在一些实施例中，可至少部分对系统100实施程序900。在一些实施例中，可至少部分在装置102处实施程序900。
在902处，接收待转换成一组字符的输入数据，所述组字符包括输入数据在目标符号系统中的符号表示。在一些实施例中，在装置(例如，装置102)处接收输入数据，转换将在所述装置处发生。在一些实施例中，将输入数据发送到将执行转换的远程服务器(例如，转换服务器106)。在一些实施例中，输入数据包括输入文本(例如，罗马字母表的输入文本)。举例来说，输入数据可为一组拼音。
在904处，在转换输入数据所来自的目标符号表示中产生一个或一个以上转换候选者。在一些实施例中，目标符号表示包括中文字符。在一些实施例中，输入数据或其子集映射到目标符号表示的一个或一个以上可能字符(例如，转换候选者)。举例来说，假定输入数据与语音读法相关联，目标符号表示的多个字符可映射到与输入数据的字符群组相关联的一个读法。在一些实施例中，使用呈到目标符号表示的字符(或其集合)的输入数据的形式的字符词典(或其集合)，以基于所接收输入数据而确定转换候选者。在一些实施例中，输入数据可映射到为目标符号表示的同形异音异义字符的转换候选者，这是因为(例如)输入数据或其一部分形成与彼字符相关联的读法中的一者。
在906处，使用区别目标符号系统的字符的第一读法与第二读法的语言模型，以确定同形异音异义字符应用以表示输入数据的对应部分的概率。在各种实施例中，所使用语言模型是针对已加以注释以用于同形异音异义字符的语料库训练(例如，使用程序600的至少部分)。因此，训练语言模型以区别在已加以注释的语料库中发现的同形异音异义字符的不同读法。在一些实施例中，语言模型使同形异音异义字符的每一读法与一个或一个以上概率的集合相关联(例如，与一元语法、二元语法、三元语法等等相关联，包含彼读法)。举例来说，在评估转换候选者中，转换候选者的相关联的概率(例如，一元语法、二元语法、三元语法等等)供语言使用以确定转换候选者中的哪些转换候选者具有最高相对概率(例如，对于给定上下文/基于邻近或周围字符)。具有相对较高概率的转换候选者更可能为所要转换输出。举例来说，如果转换候选者中的一者为同形异音异义字符(例如，因为输入数据的至少一部分形成与彼字符相关联的读法中的一者)，那么在评估彼转换候选者中，检索与同形异音异义字符的彼特定读法(例如，一元语法、二元语法、三元语法等等，包含彼特定读法)相关联的概率且使用所述概率与与其它转换候选者相关联的概率相比较。
图10为展示用于将拼音转换成中文字符的程序的实施例的流程图。在一些实施例中，可使用系统100来实施程序1000。在一些实施例中，可使用程序1000来实施程序900的至少部分(例如，904和906)。
在1002处，将与拼音相关联的输入字符集解析成一个或一个以上字符群组，其中每一字符群组待转换成一中文字符。在一些实施例中，在装置(例如，装置102)的输入区域处接收与拼音相关联的字符集。在一些实施例中，将输入拼音转换成一个或一个以上中文字符。在一些实施例中，正确地拼写输入拼音(例如，罗马字母串，字母中的至少一些字母之间具有或不具有一个或一个以上空间)。通常，每一中文字符通常为单音节的且因此映射到朗读为单音节的拼音输入中的邻近字母群组。因此，在可将输入拼音映射到中文转换候选者之前，在一些实施例中，必须将输入拼音解析成朗读为单音节的字母群组。
举例来说，假定输入拼音为“shizhang”。输入包含两个音节(“shi”和“zhang”)且因此将输入解析成两个单音节字母群组：“shi”和“zhang”。
在1004处，确定对应于一个或一个以上拼音群组中的每一者的一个或一个以上中文转换候选者。在中文语言中，存在若干同音中文字符，所述同音中文字符为以相同方式朗读/发音但意义不同的字符。同音字符将与相同拼音相关联。在将拼音转换成中文字符的程序中，可针对每一单音节拼音群组识别若干同音字符(例如，具有相同或不同音调)。然而，仅一个字符为用于拼音群组的所要转换。可通过使用语言模型获得此所要字符，所述语言模型使相关联于每一中文转换候选者的一个或一个以上概率相关联以确定哪些一个或一个以上转换候选者与最高概率相关联。
继续先前实例，举例来说，用于“shi”的中文转换候选者包含“是”、“市”和“十”。举例来说，用于“zhang”的中文转换候选者包含“章”、“掌”和“长”。
在1006处，确定一拼音字符群组是否与同形异音异义中文字符的一读法相关联；在确定拼音群组与相关联于同形异音异义字符的第一读法相关联的情况下，检索与彼第一读法相关联的信息。在一些实施例中，确定所解析的单音节拼音群组中的一者或一个以上者是否与同形异音异义字符的一读法相关联。如果确定此种群组，那么检索与同形异音异义字符的彼读法相关联的概率且使用所述概率(例如，通过针对已加以注释以区别同形异音异义中文字符的不同读法的语料库训练的语言模型)来评估对应中文转换候选者。
继续先前实例，可确定拼音“zhang”与同形异音异义字符“长”的一读法相关联且因此在评估用于“shi”和“zhang”的中文转换候选者中，可检索与“长_zhang”相关联的概率(例如，Pr(长_zhang))。此外，假定输入“shizhang”用以形成一个短语(包括两个中文字符)，那么评估与“shi”和“zhang”的中文转换候选者的各种组合相关联的概率(例如，Pr(是，章)；Pr(是，掌)；Pr(是，长_zhang)；Pr(市，章)；Pr(市，掌)；Pr(市，长_zhang)；Pr(十，章)；Pr(十，掌)；Pr(十，长_zhang)；Pr(十，章)；Pr(十，掌)；Pr(十，长_zhang))，以确定具有最高概率的组合。假定语料库已加以适当地注释且语言模型已得到适当训练，那么关于与中文转换候选者的可能组合相关联的概率，Pr(市，长_zhang)的值应为最大的(例如，因为中文字符的剩余组合无意义和/或并不常呈现于已加以注释的语料库中)。因而，在此实例中，“市长”(意味英文的“mayor”)为用于“shizhang”输入的输出中文转换。在语料库未加以注释以区别同形异音异义中文字符的不同读法的情况下，那么Pr(市，长)的值(如从未加以注释的语料库确定)可能不与Pr(市，长_zhang)的值一般高(且因此，可能不会选择“市长”作为输出中文转换)，这是因为(例如)用于所有读法(“chang”和“zhang”)中的“长”更通常地呈现为贴近未加以注释的语料库中的除“市”之外的中文字符。
尽管为了理解的清晰的目的稍详细地描述了前述实施例，但本发明不限于所提供的细节。存在实施本发明的许多替代方式。所揭示实施例为说明性的且并非限制性的。

Claims (20)

1.一种方法，其包括：
在包括存储器和一个或一个以上处理器的装置处：
接收待转换成一组字符的输入数据，所述组字符包括所述输入数据在目标符号系统中的符号表示；以及
使用区别所述目标符号系统的同形异音异义字符的第一读法与第二读法的语言模型，以确定所述同形异音异义字符表示所述输入数据的对应部分的相应概率。
2.根据权利要求1所述的方法，其进一步包括：
在待将所述输入数据转换到的所述目标符号系统中产生一个或一个以上转换候选者。
3.根据权利要求1到2中任一权利要求所述的方法，其中所述输入数据包括以拼音书写的输入文本。
4.根据权利要求1到3中任一权利要求所述的方法，其中所述输入数据包括以罗马字母表的字符书写的输入文本。
5.根据权利要求1到4中任一权利要求所述的方法，其中将所述输入数据解析成一个或一个以上单音节字符群组。
6.根据权利要求1到5中任一权利要求所述的方法，其中所述目标符号系统包含中文字符。
7.根据权利要求1到6中任一权利要求所述的方法，其中使用已加以注释以区别所述同形异音异义字符的所述第一读法与所述同形异音异义字符的所述第二读法的语料库来训练所述语言模型，且其中对于所述同形异音异义字符的所述第一读法和所述第二读法中的至少一者，建立对应新符号或其经编码表示并将所述对应新符号或其经编码表示添加到所述已加以注释的语料库。
8.根据权利要求1到7中任一权利要求所述的方法，其进一步包括：
接收对与语料库相关联的文本子集的注释的一个或一个以上手动输入，其中对于相应同形异音异义字符的例子，对注释的每一所述手动输入至少部分基于与所述例子相关联的上下文而指示所述相应同形异音异义字符的相应适当读法，其中每一所述注释与相关联于所述相应同形异音异义字符的相应符号相关联；以及
至少部分基于对注释的所述所接收的一个或一个以上手动输入，自动地对与所述语料库相关联的所述文本的未加以手动地注释的至少一部分加以注释。
9.根据权利要求1到8中任一权利要求所述的方法，其中训练所述语言模型以使对应于所述同形异音异义字符的所述第一读法的第一概率与对应于所述同形异音异义字符的所述第二读法的第二概率相关联。
10.根据权利要求1到9中任一权利要求所述的方法，其中训练所述语言模型以使对应于第一字符序列的第一概率与对应于第二字符序列的第二概率相关联，所述第一字符序列包含所述同形异音异义字符的所述第一读法，所述第二字符序列包含所述同形异音异义字符的所述第二读法，其中所述第一序列与所述第二序列各自包含两个或两个以上字符。
11.一种电子装置，其包括：
输入接收单元，其经配置以接收待转换成一组字符的输入数据，所述组字符包括所述输入数据在目标符号系统中的符号表示；以及
耦合到所述输入接收单元的转换单元，所述转换单元经配置以使用区别所述目标符号系统的同形异音异义字符的第一读法与第二读法的语言模型，以确定所述同形异音异义字符表示所述输入数据的对应部分的相应概率。
12.根据权利要求11所述的电子装置，其中所述转换单元经进一步配置以在待将所述输入数据转换到的所述目标符号系统中产生一个或一个以上转换候选者。
13.根据权利要求11到12中任一权利要求所述的电子装置，其中所述输入数据包括以拼音书写的输入文本。
14.根据权利要求11到13中任一权利要求所述的电子装置，其中所述输入数据包括以罗马字母表的字符书写的输入文本。
15.根据权利要求11到14中任一权利要求所述的电子装置，其中所述输入数据被解析成一个或一个以上单音节字符群组。
16.根据权利要求11到15中任一权利要求所述的电子装置，其中所述目标符号系统包含中文字符。
17.根据权利要求11到16中任一权利要求所述的电子装置，其中所述语言模型是使用已加以注释以区别所述同形异音异义字符的所述第一读法与所述同形异音异义字符的所述第二读法的语料库来训练，且其中对于所述同形异音异义字符的所述第一读法和所述第二读法中的至少一者，建立对应新符号或其经编码表示并将所述对应新符号或其经编码表示添加到所述已加以注释的语料库。
18.根据权利要求11到17中任一权利要求所述的电子装置，其进一步包括：
语言模型训练单元，其经配置以：
接收对与语料库相关联的文本子集的注释的一个或一个以上手动输入，其中对于相应同形异音异义字符的例子，对注释的每一所述手动输入至少部分基于与所述例子相关联的上下文而指示所述相应同形异音异义字符的相应适当读法，其中每一所述注释与相关联于所述相应同形异音异义字符的相应符号相关联；以及
至少部分基于对注释的所述所接收的一个或一个以上手动输入，自动地对与所述语料库相关联的所述文本的未加以手动地注释的至少一部分加以注释。
19.根据权利要求11到18中任一权利要求所述的电子装置，其中所述语言模型经训练以使对应于所述同形异音异义字符的所述第一读法的第一概率与对应于所述同形异音异义字符的所述第二读法的第二概率相关联。
20.根据权利要求11到19中任一权利要求所述的电子装置，其中所述语言模型经训练以使对应于第一字符序列的第一概率与对应于第二字符序列的第二概率相关联，所述第一字符序列包含所述同形异音异义字符的所述第一读法，所述第二字符序列包含所述同形异音异义字符的所述第二读法，其中所述第一序列与所述第二序列各自包含两个或两个以上字符。
CN201210287345.0A 2011-08-11 2012-08-13 用于消除语言转换中的多个读法的歧义的方法 Expired - Fee Related CN102982021B (zh)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US13/208,222 2011-08-11
US13/208,222 US8706472B2 (en) 2011-08-11 2011-08-11 Method for disambiguating multiple readings in language conversion

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
CN102982021A true CN102982021A (zh) 2013-03-20
CN102982021B CN102982021B (zh) 2015-08-26

Family

ID=47678084

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
CN201210287345.0A Expired - Fee Related CN102982021B (zh) 2011-08-11 2012-08-13 用于消除语言转换中的多个读法的歧义的方法

Country Status (4)

Country Link
US (1) US8706472B2 (zh)
JP (2) JP2013065284A (zh)
KR (1) KR101435265B1 (zh)
CN (1) CN102982021B (zh)

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN103455621A (zh) * 2013-09-12 2013-12-18 金蝶软件（中国）有限公司 一种物流运单号的解析方法、装置和系统
CN104239289A (zh) * 2013-06-24 2014-12-24 富士通株式会社 音节划分方法和音节划分设备
US9711138B2 (en) 2013-10-18 2017-07-18 Via Technologies, Inc. Method for building language model, speech recognition method and electronic apparatus
CN111026844A (zh) * 2019-12-04 2020-04-17 河北数云堂智能科技有限公司 一种识别数字串读法的方法及装置

Families Citing this family (215)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US8645137B2 (en) 2000-03-16 2014-02-04 Apple Inc. Fast, language-independent method for user authentication by voice
US8677377B2 (en) 2005-09-08 2014-03-18 Apple Inc. Method and apparatus for building an intelligent automated assistant
US9318108B2 (en) 2010-01-18 2016-04-19 Apple Inc. Intelligent automated assistant
US8977255B2 (en) 2007-04-03 2015-03-10 Apple Inc. Method and system for operating a multi-function portable electronic device using voice-activation
US10002189B2 (en) 2007-12-20 2018-06-19 Apple Inc. Method and apparatus for searching using an active ontology
US9330720B2 (en) 2008-01-03 2016-05-03 Apple Inc. Methods and apparatus for altering audio output signals
US8996376B2 (en) 2008-04-05 2015-03-31 Apple Inc. Intelligent text-to-speech conversion
US10496753B2 (en) 2010-01-18 2019-12-03 Apple Inc. Automatically adapting user interfaces for hands-free interaction
US20100030549A1 (en) 2008-07-31 2010-02-04 Lee Michael M Mobile device having human language translation capability with positional feedback
US8463053B1 (en) 2008-08-08 2013-06-11 The Research Foundation Of State University Of New York Enhanced max margin learning on multimodal data mining in a multimedia database
US8676904B2 (en) 2008-10-02 2014-03-18 Apple Inc. Electronic devices with voice command and contextual data processing capabilities
US10255566B2 (en) 2011-06-03 2019-04-09 Apple Inc. Generating and processing task items that represent tasks to perform
US10241752B2 (en) 2011-09-30 2019-03-26 Apple Inc. Interface for a virtual digital assistant
US9858925B2 (en) 2009-06-05 2018-01-02 Apple Inc. Using context information to facilitate processing of commands in a virtual assistant
US10241644B2 (en) 2011-06-03 2019-03-26 Apple Inc. Actionable reminder entries
US9431006B2 (en) 2009-07-02 2016-08-30 Apple Inc. Methods and apparatuses for automatic speech recognition
US10553209B2 (en) 2010-01-18 2020-02-04 Apple Inc. Systems and methods for hands-free notification summaries
US10679605B2 (en) 2010-01-18 2020-06-09 Apple Inc. Hands-free list-reading by intelligent automated assistant
US10705794B2 (en) 2010-01-18 2020-07-07 Apple Inc. Automatically adapting user interfaces for hands-free interaction
US10276170B2 (en) 2010-01-18 2019-04-30 Apple Inc. Intelligent automated assistant
WO2011089450A2 (en) 2010-01-25 2011-07-28 Andrew Peter Nelson Jerram Apparatuses, methods and systems for a digital conversation management platform
US8682667B2 (en) 2010-02-25 2014-03-25 Apple Inc. User profiling for selecting user specific voice input processing information
US9634855B2 (en) 2010-05-13 2017-04-25 Alexander Poltorak Electronic personal interactive device that determines topics of interest using a conversational agent
CN102651217A (zh) * 2011-02-25 2012-08-29 株式会社东芝 用于合成语音的方法、设备以及用于语音合成的声学模型训练方法
US9262612B2 (en) 2011-03-21 2016-02-16 Apple Inc. Device access using voice authentication
US10057736B2 (en) 2011-06-03 2018-08-21 Apple Inc. Active transport based notifications
DE102011079034A1 (de) 2011-07-12 2013-01-17 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Ansteuerung eines technischen Systems
US8994660B2 (en) 2011-08-29 2015-03-31 Apple Inc. Text correction processing
CN103294661A (zh) * 2012-03-01 2013-09-11 富泰华工业（深圳）有限公司 语言歧义消除系统及方法
US10134385B2 (en) 2012-03-02 2018-11-20 Apple Inc. Systems and methods for name pronunciation
US9483461B2 (en) 2012-03-06 2016-11-01 Apple Inc. Handling speech synthesis of content for multiple languages
US8983211B2 (en) * 2012-05-14 2015-03-17 Xerox Corporation Method for processing optical character recognizer output
US9280610B2 (en) 2012-05-14 2016-03-08 Apple Inc. Crowd sourcing information to fulfill user requests
US10417037B2 (en) 2012-05-15 2019-09-17 Apple Inc. Systems and methods for integrating third party services with a digital assistant
US9721563B2 (en) 2012-06-08 2017-08-01 Apple Inc. Name recognition system
US9495129B2 (en) 2012-06-29 2016-11-15 Apple Inc. Device, method, and user interface for voice-activated navigation and browsing of a document
US10957310B1 (en) 2012-07-23 2021-03-23 Soundhound, Inc. Integrated programming framework for speech and text understanding with meaning parsing
US9547647B2 (en) 2012-09-19 2017-01-17 Apple Inc. Voice-based media searching
JP5897711B2 (ja) * 2012-12-06 2016-03-30 楽天株式会社 入力支援装置、入力支援方法、及び入力支援プログラム
CN103076893B (zh) * 2012-12-31 2016-08-17 百度在线网络技术（北京）有限公司 一种用于实现语音输入的方法与设备
DE112014000709B4 (de) 2013-02-07 2021-12-30 Apple Inc. Verfahren und vorrichtung zum betrieb eines sprachtriggers für einen digitalen assistenten
US10652394B2 (en) 2013-03-14 2020-05-12 Apple Inc. System and method for processing voicemail
US8761513B1 (en) 2013-03-15 2014-06-24 Translate Abroad, Inc. Systems and methods for displaying foreign character sets and their translations in real time on resource-constrained mobile devices
US8965129B2 (en) 2013-03-15 2015-02-24 Translate Abroad, Inc. Systems and methods for determining and displaying multi-line foreign language translations in real time on mobile devices
US10748529B1 (en) 2013-03-15 2020-08-18 Apple Inc. Voice activated device for use with a voice-based digital assistant
GB2520226A (en) * 2013-05-28 2015-05-20 Ibm Differentiation of messages for receivers thereof
JP6245846B2 (ja) * 2013-05-30 2017-12-13 インターナショナル・ビジネス・マシーンズ・コーポレーションＩｎｔｅｒｎａｔｉｏｎａｌ Ｂｕｓｉｎｅｓｓ Ｍａｃｈｉｎｅｓ Ｃｏｒｐｏｒａｔｉｏｎ 音声認識における読み精度を改善するシステム、方法、およびプログラム
WO2014197336A1 (en) 2013-06-07 2014-12-11 Apple Inc. System and method for detecting errors in interactions with a voice-based digital assistant
WO2014197334A2 (en) 2013-06-07 2014-12-11 Apple Inc. System and method for user-specified pronunciation of words for speech synthesis and recognition
US9582608B2 (en) 2013-06-07 2017-02-28 Apple Inc. Unified ranking with entropy-weighted information for phrase-based semantic auto-completion
WO2014197335A1 (en) 2013-06-08 2014-12-11 Apple Inc. Interpreting and acting upon commands that involve sharing information with remote devices
EP3937002A1 (en) 2013-06-09 2022-01-12 Apple Inc. Device, method, and graphical user interface for enabling conversation persistence across two or more instances of a digital assistant
US10176167B2 (en) 2013-06-09 2019-01-08 Apple Inc. System and method for inferring user intent from speech inputs
US10083009B2 (en) 2013-06-20 2018-09-25 Viv Labs, Inc. Dynamically evolving cognitive architecture system planning
US9594542B2 (en) 2013-06-20 2017-03-14 Viv Labs, Inc. Dynamically evolving cognitive architecture system based on training by third-party developers
US9633317B2 (en) * 2013-06-20 2017-04-25 Viv Labs, Inc. Dynamically evolving cognitive architecture system based on a natural language intent interpreter
US10474961B2 (en) 2013-06-20 2019-11-12 Viv Labs, Inc. Dynamically evolving cognitive architecture system based on prompting for additional user input
CN104238991B (zh) * 2013-06-21 2018-05-25 腾讯科技（深圳）有限公司 语音输入匹配方法及装置
DE112014003653B4 (de) 2013-08-06 2024-04-18 Apple Inc. Automatisch aktivierende intelligente Antworten auf der Grundlage von Aktivitäten von entfernt angeordneten Vorrichtungen
US10296160B2 (en) 2013-12-06 2019-05-21 Apple Inc. Method for extracting salient dialog usage from live data
KR20150075140A (ko) * 2013-12-24 2015-07-03 삼성전자주식회사 전자 장치의 메시지 제어 방법 및 그 전자 장치
CN104808806B (zh) * 2014-01-28 2019-10-25 北京三星通信技术研究有限公司 根据不确定性信息实现汉字输入的方法和装置
US11295730B1 (en) 2014-02-27 2022-04-05 Soundhound, Inc. Using phonetic variants in a local context to improve natural language understanding
CN104142909B (zh) * 2014-05-07 2016-04-27 腾讯科技（深圳）有限公司 一种汉字注音方法及装置
US9633004B2 (en) 2014-05-30 2017-04-25 Apple Inc. Better resolution when referencing to concepts
TWI566107B (zh) 2014-05-30 2017-01-11 蘋果公司 用於處理多部分語音命令之方法、非暫時性電腦可讀儲存媒體及電子裝置
US10078631B2 (en) 2014-05-30 2018-09-18 Apple Inc. Entropy-guided text prediction using combined word and character n-gram language models
US9715875B2 (en) 2014-05-30 2017-07-25 Apple Inc. Reducing the need for manual start/end-pointing and trigger phrases
US10170123B2 (en) 2014-05-30 2019-01-01 Apple Inc. Intelligent assistant for home automation
US9842101B2 (en) 2014-05-30 2017-12-12 Apple Inc. Predictive conversion of language input
US9430463B2 (en) 2014-05-30 2016-08-30 Apple Inc. Exemplar-based natural language processing
US9785630B2 (en) 2014-05-30 2017-10-10 Apple Inc. Text prediction using combined word N-gram and unigram language models
US9760559B2 (en) 2014-05-30 2017-09-12 Apple Inc. Predictive text input
US9338493B2 (en) 2014-06-30 2016-05-10 Apple Inc. Intelligent automated assistant for TV user interactions
US10659851B2 (en) 2014-06-30 2020-05-19 Apple Inc. Real-time digital assistant knowledge updates
US10446141B2 (en) 2014-08-28 2019-10-15 Apple Inc. Automatic speech recognition based on user feedback
US9818400B2 (en) 2014-09-11 2017-11-14 Apple Inc. Method and apparatus for discovering trending terms in speech requests
US10789041B2 (en) 2014-09-12 2020-09-29 Apple Inc. Dynamic thresholds for always listening speech trigger
US9805028B1 (en) * 2014-09-17 2017-10-31 Google Inc. Translating terms using numeric representations
US9886432B2 (en) 2014-09-30 2018-02-06 Apple Inc. Parsimonious handling of word inflection via categorical stem + suffix N-gram language models
US10074360B2 (en) 2014-09-30 2018-09-11 Apple Inc. Providing an indication of the suitability of speech recognition
US10127911B2 (en) 2014-09-30 2018-11-13 Apple Inc. Speaker identification and unsupervised speaker adaptation techniques
US9646609B2 (en) 2014-09-30 2017-05-09 Apple Inc. Caching apparatus for serving phonetic pronunciations
US9668121B2 (en) 2014-09-30 2017-05-30 Apple Inc. Social reminders
US10552013B2 (en) 2014-12-02 2020-02-04 Apple Inc. Data detection
US9711141B2 (en) * 2014-12-09 2017-07-18 Apple Inc. Disambiguating heteronyms in speech synthesis
TWI550420B (zh) * 2015-02-12 2016-09-21 國立雲林科技大學 資訊取得系統與方法、以及儲存裝置
USD749115S1 (en) 2015-02-20 2016-02-09 Translate Abroad, Inc. Mobile device with graphical user interface
US10152299B2 (en) 2015-03-06 2018-12-11 Apple Inc. Reducing response latency of intelligent automated assistants
US9865280B2 (en) 2015-03-06 2018-01-09 Apple Inc. Structured dictation using intelligent automated assistants
US9721566B2 (en) 2015-03-08 2017-08-01 Apple Inc. Competing devices responding to voice triggers
US10567477B2 (en) 2015-03-08 2020-02-18 Apple Inc. Virtual assistant continuity
US9886953B2 (en) 2015-03-08 2018-02-06 Apple Inc. Virtual assistant activation
US9899019B2 (en) 2015-03-18 2018-02-20 Apple Inc. Systems and methods for structured stem and suffix language models
US9842105B2 (en) 2015-04-16 2017-12-12 Apple Inc. Parsimonious continuous-space phrase representations for natural language processing
US10460227B2 (en) 2015-05-15 2019-10-29 Apple Inc. Virtual assistant in a communication session
US10200824B2 (en) 2015-05-27 2019-02-05 Apple Inc. Systems and methods for proactively identifying and surfacing relevant content on a touch-sensitive device
US10083688B2 (en) 2015-05-27 2018-09-25 Apple Inc. Device voice control for selecting a displayed affordance
US10127220B2 (en) 2015-06-04 2018-11-13 Apple Inc. Language identification from short strings
US10101822B2 (en) 2015-06-05 2018-10-16 Apple Inc. Language input correction
US9578173B2 (en) 2015-06-05 2017-02-21 Apple Inc. Virtual assistant aided communication with 3rd party service in a communication session
US10186254B2 (en) 2015-06-07 2019-01-22 Apple Inc. Context-based endpoint detection
US10255907B2 (en) 2015-06-07 2019-04-09 Apple Inc. Automatic accent detection using acoustic models
US11025565B2 (en) 2015-06-07 2021-06-01 Apple Inc. Personalized prediction of responses for instant messaging
CN104991656B (zh) * 2015-06-11 2018-12-21 浦江开丰广告设计有限公司 一种输入汉语词组的方法
US20160378747A1 (en) 2015-06-29 2016-12-29 Apple Inc. Virtual assistant for media playback
US10740384B2 (en) 2015-09-08 2020-08-11 Apple Inc. Intelligent automated assistant for media search and playback
US10671428B2 (en) 2015-09-08 2020-06-02 Apple Inc. Distributed personal assistant
US10747498B2 (en) 2015-09-08 2020-08-18 Apple Inc. Zero latency digital assistant
US10331312B2 (en) 2015-09-08 2019-06-25 Apple Inc. Intelligent automated assistant in a media environment
US9697820B2 (en) 2015-09-24 2017-07-04 Apple Inc. Unit-selection text-to-speech synthesis using concatenation-sensitive neural networks
US11010550B2 (en) 2015-09-29 2021-05-18 Apple Inc. Unified language modeling framework for word prediction, auto-completion and auto-correction
US10366158B2 (en) 2015-09-29 2019-07-30 Apple Inc. Efficient word encoding for recurrent neural network language models
US11587559B2 (en) 2015-09-30 2023-02-21 Apple Inc. Intelligent device identification
US10691473B2 (en) 2015-11-06 2020-06-23 Apple Inc. Intelligent automated assistant in a messaging environment
US10956666B2 (en) 2015-11-09 2021-03-23 Apple Inc. Unconventional virtual assistant interactions
USD791182S1 (en) * 2015-11-26 2017-07-04 Guangzhou Shenma Mobile Information Technology Co., Ltd. Display screen with graphical user interface
USD791823S1 (en) * 2015-11-26 2017-07-11 Guangzhou Shenma Mobile Information Technology Co., Ltd. Display screen with graphical user interface
US10049668B2 (en) 2015-12-02 2018-08-14 Apple Inc. Applying neural network language models to weighted finite state transducers for automatic speech recognition
US10223066B2 (en) 2015-12-23 2019-03-05 Apple Inc. Proactive assistance based on dialog communication between devices
US10446143B2 (en) 2016-03-14 2019-10-15 Apple Inc. Identification of voice inputs providing credentials
US9934775B2 (en) 2016-05-26 2018-04-03 Apple Inc. Unit-selection text-to-speech synthesis based on predicted concatenation parameters
US9972304B2 (en) 2016-06-03 2018-05-15 Apple Inc. Privacy preserving distributed evaluation framework for embedded personalized systems
US11227589B2 (en) 2016-06-06 2022-01-18 Apple Inc. Intelligent list reading
US10249300B2 (en) 2016-06-06 2019-04-02 Apple Inc. Intelligent list reading
US10049663B2 (en) 2016-06-08 2018-08-14 Apple, Inc. Intelligent automated assistant for media exploration
DK179588B1 (en) 2016-06-09 2019-02-22 Apple Inc. INTELLIGENT AUTOMATED ASSISTANT IN A HOME ENVIRONMENT
US10490187B2 (en) 2016-06-10 2019-11-26 Apple Inc. Digital assistant providing automated status report
US10509862B2 (en) 2016-06-10 2019-12-17 Apple Inc. Dynamic phrase expansion of language input
US10067938B2 (en) 2016-06-10 2018-09-04 Apple Inc. Multilingual word prediction
US10192552B2 (en) 2016-06-10 2019-01-29 Apple Inc. Digital assistant providing whispered speech
US10586535B2 (en) 2016-06-10 2020-03-10 Apple Inc. Intelligent digital assistant in a multi-tasking environment
DK179343B1 (en) 2016-06-11 2018-05-14 Apple Inc Intelligent task discovery
DK179049B1 (en) 2016-06-11 2017-09-18 Apple Inc Data driven natural language event detection and classification
DK201670540A1 (en) 2016-06-11 2018-01-08 Apple Inc Application integration with a digital assistant
DK179415B1 (en) 2016-06-11 2018-06-14 Apple Inc Intelligent device arbitration and control
US10474753B2 (en) 2016-09-07 2019-11-12 Apple Inc. Language identification using recurrent neural networks
US10043516B2 (en) 2016-09-23 2018-08-07 Apple Inc. Intelligent automated assistant
US11281993B2 (en) 2016-12-05 2022-03-22 Apple Inc. Model and ensemble compression for metric learning
US10593346B2 (en) 2016-12-22 2020-03-17 Apple Inc. Rank-reduced token representation for automatic speech recognition
US11204787B2 (en) 2017-01-09 2021-12-21 Apple Inc. Application integration with a digital assistant
US10579738B2 (en) * 2017-04-05 2020-03-03 Voicebox Technologies Corporation System and method for generating a multi-lingual and multi-intent capable semantic parser based on automatically generated operators and user-designated utterances relating to the operators
CN110914827B (zh) * 2017-04-23 2024-02-09 赛伦斯运营公司 生成多语言语义解析器的系统和计算机实现方法
DK201770383A1 (en) 2017-05-09 2018-12-14 Apple Inc. USER INTERFACE FOR CORRECTING RECOGNITION ERRORS
US10417266B2 (en) 2017-05-09 2019-09-17 Apple Inc. Context-aware ranking of intelligent response suggestions
DK180048B1 (en) 2017-05-11 2020-02-04 Apple Inc. MAINTAINING THE DATA PROTECTION OF PERSONAL INFORMATION
US10395654B2 (en) 2017-05-11 2019-08-27 Apple Inc. Text normalization based on a data-driven learning network
US10726832B2 (en) 2017-05-11 2020-07-28 Apple Inc. Maintaining privacy of personal information
DK201770439A1 (en) 2017-05-11 2018-12-13 Apple Inc. Offline personal assistant
DK201770428A1 (en) 2017-05-12 2019-02-18 Apple Inc. LOW-LATENCY INTELLIGENT AUTOMATED ASSISTANT
DK179745B1 (en) 2017-05-12 2019-05-01 Apple Inc. SYNCHRONIZATION AND TASK DELEGATION OF A DIGITAL ASSISTANT
DK179496B1 (en) 2017-05-12 2019-01-15 Apple Inc. USER-SPECIFIC Acoustic Models
US11301477B2 (en) 2017-05-12 2022-04-12 Apple Inc. Feedback analysis of a digital assistant
DK201770431A1 (en) 2017-05-15 2018-12-20 Apple Inc. Optimizing dialogue policy decisions for digital assistants using implicit feedback
DK201770432A1 (en) 2017-05-15 2018-12-21 Apple Inc. Hierarchical belief states for digital assistants
DK201770411A1 (en) 2017-05-15 2018-12-20 Apple Inc. MULTI-MODAL INTERFACES
DK179560B1 (en) 2017-05-16 2019-02-18 Apple Inc. FAR-FIELD EXTENSION FOR DIGITAL ASSISTANT SERVICES
US20180336275A1 (en) 2017-05-16 2018-11-22 Apple Inc. Intelligent automated assistant for media exploration
US10311144B2 (en) 2017-05-16 2019-06-04 Apple Inc. Emoji word sense disambiguation
US10403278B2 (en) 2017-05-16 2019-09-03 Apple Inc. Methods and systems for phonetic matching in digital assistant services
US20180336892A1 (en) 2017-05-16 2018-11-22 Apple Inc. Detecting a trigger of a digital assistant
US10657328B2 (en) 2017-06-02 2020-05-19 Apple Inc. Multi-task recurrent neural network architecture for efficient morphology handling in neural language modeling
TWI640877B (zh) * 2017-06-14 2018-11-11 財團法人資訊工業策進會 語意分析裝置、方法及其電腦程式產品
US10445429B2 (en) 2017-09-21 2019-10-15 Apple Inc. Natural language understanding using vocabularies with compressed serialized tries
US10755051B2 (en) 2017-09-29 2020-08-25 Apple Inc. Rule-based natural language processing
US10636424B2 (en) 2017-11-30 2020-04-28 Apple Inc. Multi-turn canned dialog
US11004013B2 (en) * 2017-12-05 2021-05-11 discourse.ai, Inc. Training of chatbots from corpus of human-to-human chats
US10929611B2 (en) * 2017-12-05 2021-02-23 discourse.ai, Inc. Computer-based interlocutor understanding using classifying conversation segments
US10733982B2 (en) 2018-01-08 2020-08-04 Apple Inc. Multi-directional dialog
US10733375B2 (en) 2018-01-31 2020-08-04 Apple Inc. Knowledge-based framework for improving natural language understanding
US10789959B2 (en) 2018-03-02 2020-09-29 Apple Inc. Training speaker recognition models for digital assistants
US10592604B2 (en) 2018-03-12 2020-03-17 Apple Inc. Inverse text normalization for automatic speech recognition
US10818288B2 (en) 2018-03-26 2020-10-27 Apple Inc. Natural assistant interaction
US10909331B2 (en) 2018-03-30 2021-02-02 Apple Inc. Implicit identification of translation payload with neural machine translation
US11145294B2 (en) 2018-05-07 2021-10-12 Apple Inc. Intelligent automated assistant for delivering content from user experiences
US10928918B2 (en) 2018-05-07 2021-02-23 Apple Inc. Raise to speak
US10984780B2 (en) 2018-05-21 2021-04-20 Apple Inc. Global semantic word embeddings using bi-directional recurrent neural networks
DK201870355A1 (en) 2018-06-01 2019-12-16 Apple Inc. VIRTUAL ASSISTANT OPERATION IN MULTI-DEVICE ENVIRONMENTS
US10892996B2 (en) 2018-06-01 2021-01-12 Apple Inc. Variable latency device coordination
US11386266B2 (en) 2018-06-01 2022-07-12 Apple Inc. Text correction
DK180639B1 (en) 2018-06-01 2021-11-04 Apple Inc DISABILITY OF ATTENTION-ATTENTIVE VIRTUAL ASSISTANT
DK179822B1 (da) 2018-06-01 2019-07-12 Apple Inc. Voice interaction at a primary device to access call functionality of a companion device
US11076039B2 (en) 2018-06-03 2021-07-27 Apple Inc. Accelerated task performance
JP7115187B2 (ja) * 2018-09-27 2022-08-09 大日本印刷株式会社 情報処理装置、情報処理方法及びプログラム
US11010561B2 (en) 2018-09-27 2021-05-18 Apple Inc. Sentiment prediction from textual data
US11462215B2 (en) 2018-09-28 2022-10-04 Apple Inc. Multi-modal inputs for voice commands
US11170166B2 (en) 2018-09-28 2021-11-09 Apple Inc. Neural typographical error modeling via generative adversarial networks
US10839159B2 (en) 2018-09-28 2020-11-17 Apple Inc. Named entity normalization in a spoken dialog system
US11475898B2 (en) 2018-10-26 2022-10-18 Apple Inc. Low-latency multi-speaker speech recognition
US10956466B2 (en) * 2018-12-26 2021-03-23 Paypal, Inc. Machine learning approach to cross-language translation and search
US11638059B2 (en) 2019-01-04 2023-04-25 Apple Inc. Content playback on multiple devices
US11250221B2 (en) * 2019-03-14 2022-02-15 Sap Se Learning system for contextual interpretation of Japanese words
US11348573B2 (en) 2019-03-18 2022-05-31 Apple Inc. Multimodality in digital assistant systems
DK201970509A1 (en) 2019-05-06 2021-01-15 Apple Inc Spoken notifications
US11475884B2 (en) 2019-05-06 2022-10-18 Apple Inc. Reducing digital assistant latency when a language is incorrectly determined
US11423908B2 (en) 2019-05-06 2022-08-23 Apple Inc. Interpreting spoken requests
US11307752B2 (en) 2019-05-06 2022-04-19 Apple Inc. User configurable task triggers
US11140099B2 (en) 2019-05-21 2021-10-05 Apple Inc. Providing message response suggestions
DK180129B1 (en) 2019-05-31 2020-06-02 Apple Inc. USER ACTIVITY SHORTCUT SUGGESTIONS
US11496600B2 (en) 2019-05-31 2022-11-08 Apple Inc. Remote execution of machine-learned models
DK201970510A1 (en) 2019-05-31 2021-02-11 Apple Inc Voice identification in digital assistant systems
US11289073B2 (en) 2019-05-31 2022-03-29 Apple Inc. Device text to speech
US11360641B2 (en) 2019-06-01 2022-06-14 Apple Inc. Increasing the relevance of new available information
US11468890B2 (en) 2019-06-01 2022-10-11 Apple Inc. Methods and user interfaces for voice-based control of electronic devices
US11475882B1 (en) * 2019-06-27 2022-10-18 Rapid7, Inc. Generating training data for machine learning models
US11488406B2 (en) 2019-09-25 2022-11-01 Apple Inc. Text detection using global geometry estimators
US11038934B1 (en) 2020-05-11 2021-06-15 Apple Inc. Digital assistant hardware abstraction
US11061543B1 (en) 2020-05-11 2021-07-13 Apple Inc. Providing relevant data items based on context
US11755276B2 (en) 2020-05-12 2023-09-12 Apple Inc. Reducing description length based on confidence
US11490204B2 (en) 2020-07-20 2022-11-01 Apple Inc. Multi-device audio adjustment coordination
US11438683B2 (en) 2020-07-21 2022-09-06 Apple Inc. User identification using headphones
WO2022215120A1 (ja) * 2021-04-05 2022-10-13 株式会社KPMG Ignition Tokyo 情報処理装置、情報処理方法、情報処理プログラム
US20220366233A1 (en) * 2021-05-11 2022-11-17 Capital One Services, Llc Systems and methods for generating dynamic conversational responses using deep conditional learning
USD1001835S1 (en) * 2021-07-09 2023-10-17 Beijing Xiaomi Mobile Software Co., Ltd. Display screen or portion thereof with animated graphical user interface
USD1003322S1 (en) * 2022-10-14 2023-10-31 Shanghai Hode Information Technology Co., Ltd. Display screen with transitional graphical user interface

Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2007004633A (ja) * 2005-06-24 2007-01-11 Microsoft Corp 言語モデル作成装置およびそれにより作成された言語モデルを使用する言語処理装置

Family Cites Families (589)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3828132A (en) 1970-10-30 1974-08-06 Bell Telephone Labor Inc Speech synthesis by concatenation of formant encoded words
US3704345A (en) 1971-03-19 1972-11-28 Bell Telephone Labor Inc Conversion of printed text into synthetic speech
US3979557A (en) 1974-07-03 1976-09-07 International Telephone And Telegraph Corporation Speech processor system for pitch period extraction using prediction filters
BG24190A1 (en) 1976-09-08 1978-01-10 Antonov Method of synthesis of speech and device for effecting same
JPS597120B2 (ja) 1978-11-24 1984-02-16 日本電気株式会社 音声分析装置
US4310721A (en) 1980-01-23 1982-01-12 The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Army Half duplex integral vocoder modem system
US4348553A (en) 1980-07-02 1982-09-07 International Business Machines Corporation Parallel pattern verifier with dynamic time warping
US5047617A (en) 1982-01-25 1991-09-10 Symbol Technologies, Inc. Narrow-bodied, single- and twin-windowed portable laser scanning head for reading bar code symbols
EP0411675B1 (en) 1982-06-11 1995-09-20 Mitsubishi Denki Kabushiki Kaisha Interframe coding apparatus
US4688195A (en) 1983-01-28 1987-08-18 Texas Instruments Incorporated Natural-language interface generating system
JPS603056A (ja) 1983-06-21 1985-01-09 Toshiba Corp 情報整理装置
DE3335358A1 (de) 1983-09-29 1985-04-11 Siemens AG, 1000 Berlin und 8000 München Verfahren zur bestimmung von sprachspektren fuer die automatische spracherkennung und sprachcodierung
US5164900A (en) 1983-11-14 1992-11-17 Colman Bernath Method and device for phonetically encoding Chinese textual data for data processing entry
US4726065A (en) 1984-01-26 1988-02-16 Horst Froessl Image manipulation by speech signals
US4955047A (en) 1984-03-26 1990-09-04 Dytel Corporation Automated attendant with direct inward system access
US4811243A (en) 1984-04-06 1989-03-07 Racine Marsh V Computer aided coordinate digitizing system
US4692941A (en) 1984-04-10 1987-09-08 First Byte Real-time text-to-speech conversion system
US4783807A (en) 1984-08-27 1988-11-08 John Marley System and method for sound recognition with feature selection synchronized to voice pitch
US4718094A (en) 1984-11-19 1988-01-05 International Business Machines Corp. Speech recognition system
US5165007A (en) 1985-02-01 1992-11-17 International Business Machines Corporation Feneme-based Markov models for words
US4944013A (en) 1985-04-03 1990-07-24 British Telecommunications Public Limited Company Multi-pulse speech coder
US4819271A (en) 1985-05-29 1989-04-04 International Business Machines Corporation Constructing Markov model word baseforms from multiple utterances by concatenating model sequences for word segments
US4833712A (en) 1985-05-29 1989-05-23 International Business Machines Corporation Automatic generation of simple Markov model stunted baseforms for words in a vocabulary
EP0218859A3 (en) 1985-10-11 1989-09-06 International Business Machines Corporation Signal processor communication interface
US4776016A (en) 1985-11-21 1988-10-04 Position Orientation Systems, Inc. Voice control system
JPH0833744B2 (ja) 1986-01-09 1996-03-29 株式会社東芝 音声合成装置
US4724542A (en) 1986-01-22 1988-02-09 International Business Machines Corporation Automatic reference adaptation during dynamic signature verification
US5759101A (en) 1986-03-10 1998-06-02 Response Reward Systems L.C. Central and remote evaluation of responses of participatory broadcast audience with automatic crediting and couponing
US5128752A (en) 1986-03-10 1992-07-07 Kohorn H Von System and method for generating and redeeming tokens
US5032989A (en) 1986-03-19 1991-07-16 Realpro, Ltd. Real estate search and location system and method
DE3779351D1 (zh) 1986-03-28 1992-07-02 American Telephone And Telegraph Co., New York, N.Y., Us
US4903305A (en) 1986-05-12 1990-02-20 Dragon Systems, Inc. Method for representing word models for use in speech recognition
ES2047494T3 (es) 1986-10-03 1994-03-01 British Telecomm Sistema de traduccion de lenguas.
WO1988002975A1 (en) 1986-10-16 1988-04-21 Mitsubishi Denki Kabushiki Kaisha Amplitude-adapted vector quantizer
US4829576A (en) 1986-10-21 1989-05-09 Dragon Systems, Inc. Voice recognition system
US4852168A (en) 1986-11-18 1989-07-25 Sprague Richard P Compression of stored waveforms for artificial speech
US4727354A (en) 1987-01-07 1988-02-23 Unisys Corporation System for selecting best fit vector code in vector quantization encoding
US4827520A (en) 1987-01-16 1989-05-02 Prince Corporation Voice actuated control system for use in a vehicle
US4965763A (en) 1987-03-03 1990-10-23 International Business Machines Corporation Computer method for automatic extraction of commonly specified information from business correspondence
US5644727A (en) 1987-04-15 1997-07-01 Proprietary Financial Products, Inc. System for the operation and management of one or more financial accounts through the use of a digital communication and computation system for exchange, investment and borrowing
EP0293259A3 (en) 1987-05-29 1990-03-07 Kabushiki Kaisha Toshiba Voice recognition system used in telephone apparatus
DE3723078A1 (de) 1987-07-11 1989-01-19 Philips Patentverwaltung Verfahren zur erkennung von zusammenhaengend gesprochenen woertern
US4974191A (en) 1987-07-31 1990-11-27 Syntellect Software Inc. Adaptive natural language computer interface system
CA1288516C (en) 1987-07-31 1991-09-03 Leendert M. Bijnagte Apparatus and method for communicating textual and image information between a host computer and a remote display terminal
US5022081A (en) 1987-10-01 1991-06-04 Sharp Kabushiki Kaisha Information recognition system
US4852173A (en) 1987-10-29 1989-07-25 International Business Machines Corporation Design and construction of a binary-tree system for language modelling
EP0314908B1 (en) 1987-10-30 1992-12-02 International Business Machines Corporation Automatic determination of labels and markov word models in a speech recognition system
US5072452A (en) 1987-10-30 1991-12-10 International Business Machines Corporation Automatic determination of labels and Markov word models in a speech recognition system
US4914586A (en) 1987-11-06 1990-04-03 Xerox Corporation Garbage collector for hypermedia systems
US4992972A (en) 1987-11-18 1991-02-12 International Business Machines Corporation Flexible context searchable on-line information system with help files and modules for on-line computer system documentation
US5220657A (en) 1987-12-02 1993-06-15 Xerox Corporation Updating local copy of shared data in a collaborative system
US4984177A (en) 1988-02-05 1991-01-08 Advanced Products And Technologies, Inc. Voice language translator
CA1333420C (en) 1988-02-29 1994-12-06 Tokumichi Murakami Vector quantizer
US4914590A (en) 1988-05-18 1990-04-03 Emhart Industries, Inc. Natural language understanding system
FR2636163B1 (fr) 1988-09-02 1991-07-05 Hamon Christian Procede et dispositif de synthese de la parole par addition-recouvrement de formes d'onde
US4839853A (en) 1988-09-15 1989-06-13 Bell Communications Research, Inc. Computer information retrieval using latent semantic structure
JPH0293597A (ja) 1988-09-30 1990-04-04 Nippon I B M Kk 音声認識装置
US4905163A (en) 1988-10-03 1990-02-27 Minnesota Mining & Manufacturing Company Intelligent optical navigator dynamic information presentation and navigation system
US5282265A (en) 1988-10-04 1994-01-25 Canon Kabushiki Kaisha Knowledge information processing system
DE3837590A1 (de) 1988-11-05 1990-05-10 Ant Nachrichtentech Verfahren zum reduzieren der datenrate von digitalen bilddaten
ATE102731T1 (de) 1988-11-23 1994-03-15 Digital Equipment Corp Namenaussprache durch einen synthetisator.
US5027406A (en) 1988-12-06 1991-06-25 Dragon Systems, Inc. Method for interactive speech recognition and training
US5127055A (en) 1988-12-30 1992-06-30 Kurzweil Applied Intelligence, Inc. Speech recognition apparatus & method having dynamic reference pattern adaptation
US5293448A (en) 1989-10-02 1994-03-08 Nippon Telegraph And Telephone Corporation Speech analysis-synthesis method and apparatus therefor
SE466029B (sv) 1989-03-06 1991-12-02 Ibm Svenska Ab Anordning och foerfarande foer analys av naturligt spraak i ett datorbaserat informationsbehandlingssystem
JPH0782544B2 (ja) 1989-03-24 1995-09-06 インターナショナル・ビジネス・マシーンズ・コーポレーション マルチテンプレートを用いるｄｐマツチング方法及び装置
US4977598A (en) 1989-04-13 1990-12-11 Texas Instruments Incorporated Efficient pruning algorithm for hidden markov model speech recognition
US5197005A (en) 1989-05-01 1993-03-23 Intelligent Business Systems Database retrieval system having a natural language interface
US5010574A (en) 1989-06-13 1991-04-23 At&T Bell Laboratories Vector quantizer search arrangement
JP2940005B2 (ja) 1989-07-20 1999-08-25 日本電気株式会社 音声符号化装置
US5091945A (en) 1989-09-28 1992-02-25 At&T Bell Laboratories Source dependent channel coding with error protection
CA2027705C (en) 1989-10-17 1994-02-15 Masami Akamine Speech coding system utilizing a recursive computation technique for improvement in processing speed
US5020112A (en) 1989-10-31 1991-05-28 At&T Bell Laboratories Image recognition method using two-dimensional stochastic grammars
US5220639A (en) 1989-12-01 1993-06-15 National Science Council Mandarin speech input method for Chinese computers and a mandarin speech recognition machine
US5021971A (en) 1989-12-07 1991-06-04 Unisys Corporation Reflective binary encoder for vector quantization
US5179652A (en) 1989-12-13 1993-01-12 Anthony I. Rozmanith Method and apparatus for storing, transmitting and retrieving graphical and tabular data
CH681573A5 (en) 1990-02-13 1993-04-15 Astral Automatic teller arrangement involving bank computers - is operated by user data card carrying personal data, account information and transaction records
US5208862A (en) 1990-02-22 1993-05-04 Nec Corporation Speech coder
US5301109A (en) 1990-06-11 1994-04-05 Bell Communications Research, Inc. Computerized cross-language document retrieval using latent semantic indexing
JP3266246B2 (ja) 1990-06-15 2002-03-18 インターナシヨナル・ビジネス・マシーンズ・コーポレーシヨン 自然言語解析装置及び方法並びに自然言語解析用知識ベース構築方法
US5202952A (en) 1990-06-22 1993-04-13 Dragon Systems, Inc. Large-vocabulary continuous speech prefiltering and processing system
GB9017600D0 (en) 1990-08-10 1990-09-26 British Aerospace An assembly and method for binary tree-searched vector quanisation data compression processing
US5404295A (en) 1990-08-16 1995-04-04 Katz; Boris Method and apparatus for utilizing annotations to facilitate computer retrieval of database material
US5309359A (en) 1990-08-16 1994-05-03 Boris Katz Method and apparatus for generating and utlizing annotations to facilitate computer text retrieval
US5297170A (en) 1990-08-21 1994-03-22 Codex Corporation Lattice and trellis-coded quantization
US5400434A (en) 1990-09-04 1995-03-21 Matsushita Electric Industrial Co., Ltd. Voice source for synthetic speech system
US5216747A (en) 1990-09-20 1993-06-01 Digital Voice Systems, Inc. Voiced/unvoiced estimation of an acoustic signal
US5128672A (en) 1990-10-30 1992-07-07 Apple Computer, Inc. Dynamic predictive keyboard
US5317507A (en) 1990-11-07 1994-05-31 Gallant Stephen I Method for document retrieval and for word sense disambiguation using neural networks
US5325298A (en) 1990-11-07 1994-06-28 Hnc, Inc. Methods for generating or revising context vectors for a plurality of word stems
US5247579A (en) 1990-12-05 1993-09-21 Digital Voice Systems, Inc. Methods for speech transmission
US5345536A (en) 1990-12-21 1994-09-06 Matsushita Electric Industrial Co., Ltd. Method of speech recognition
US5127053A (en) 1990-12-24 1992-06-30 General Electric Company Low-complexity method for improving the performance of autocorrelation-based pitch detectors
US5133011A (en) 1990-12-26 1992-07-21 International Business Machines Corporation Method and apparatus for linear vocal control of cursor position
US5268990A (en) 1991-01-31 1993-12-07 Sri International Method for recognizing speech using linguistically-motivated hidden Markov models
GB9105367D0 (en) 1991-03-13 1991-04-24 Univ Strathclyde Computerised information-retrieval database systems
US5303406A (en) 1991-04-29 1994-04-12 Motorola, Inc. Noise squelch circuit with adaptive noise shaping
US5475587A (en) 1991-06-28 1995-12-12 Digital Equipment Corporation Method and apparatus for efficient morphological text analysis using a high-level language for compact specification of inflectional paradigms
US5293452A (en) 1991-07-01 1994-03-08 Texas Instruments Incorporated Voice log-in using spoken name input
US5687077A (en) 1991-07-31 1997-11-11 Universal Dynamics Limited Method and apparatus for adaptive control
US5199077A (en) 1991-09-19 1993-03-30 Xerox Corporation Wordspotting for voice editing and indexing
JP2662120B2 (ja) 1991-10-01 1997-10-08 インターナショナル・ビジネス・マシーンズ・コーポレイション 音声認識装置および音声認識用処理ユニット
US5222146A (en) 1991-10-23 1993-06-22 International Business Machines Corporation Speech recognition apparatus having a speech coder outputting acoustic prototype ranks
KR940002854B1 (ko) 1991-11-06 1994-04-04 한국전기통신공사 음성 합성시스팀의 음성단편 코딩 및 그의 피치조절 방법과 그의 유성음 합성장치
US5386494A (en) 1991-12-06 1995-01-31 Apple Computer, Inc. Method and apparatus for controlling a speech recognition function using a cursor control device
US5903454A (en) 1991-12-23 1999-05-11 Hoffberg; Linda Irene Human-factored interface corporating adaptive pattern recognition based controller apparatus
US6081750A (en) 1991-12-23 2000-06-27 Hoffberg; Steven Mark Ergonomic man-machine interface incorporating adaptive pattern recognition based control system
US5502790A (en) 1991-12-24 1996-03-26 Oki Electric Industry Co., Ltd. Speech recognition method and system using triphones, diphones, and phonemes
US5349645A (en) 1991-12-31 1994-09-20 Matsushita Electric Industrial Co., Ltd. Word hypothesizer for continuous speech decoding using stressed-vowel centered bidirectional tree searches
US5267345A (en) 1992-02-10 1993-11-30 International Business Machines Corporation Speech recognition apparatus which predicts word classes from context and words from word classes
DE69322894T2 (de) 1992-03-02 1999-07-29 At & T Corp., New York, N.Y. Lernverfahren und Gerät zur Spracherkennung
US6055514A (en) 1992-03-20 2000-04-25 Wren; Stephen Corey System for marketing foods and services utilizing computerized centraland remote facilities
US5317647A (en) 1992-04-07 1994-05-31 Apple Computer, Inc. Constrained attribute grammars for syntactic pattern recognition
US5412804A (en) 1992-04-30 1995-05-02 Oracle Corporation Extending the semantics of the outer join operator for un-nesting queries to a data base
US5293584A (en) 1992-05-21 1994-03-08 International Business Machines Corporation Speech recognition system for natural language translation
US5434777A (en) 1992-05-27 1995-07-18 Apple Computer, Inc. Method and apparatus for processing natural language
US5390281A (en) 1992-05-27 1995-02-14 Apple Computer, Inc. Method and apparatus for deducing user intent and providing computer implemented services
US5734789A (en) 1992-06-01 1998-03-31 Hughes Electronics Voiced, unvoiced or noise modes in a CELP vocoder
US5333275A (en) 1992-06-23 1994-07-26 Wheatley Barbara J System and method for time aligning speech
US5325297A (en) 1992-06-25 1994-06-28 System Of Multiple-Colored Images For Internationally Listed Estates, Inc. Computer implemented method and system for storing and retrieving textual data and compressed image data
US5999908A (en) 1992-08-06 1999-12-07 Abelow; Daniel H. Customer-based product design module
GB9220404D0 (en) 1992-08-20 1992-11-11 Nat Security Agency Method of identifying,retrieving and sorting documents
US5412806A (en) 1992-08-20 1995-05-02 Hewlett-Packard Company Calibration of logical cost formulae for queries in a heterogeneous DBMS using synthetic database
US5333236A (en) 1992-09-10 1994-07-26 International Business Machines Corporation Speech recognizer having a speech coder for an acoustic match based on context-dependent speech-transition acoustic models
US5384893A (en) 1992-09-23 1995-01-24 Emerson & Stern Associates, Inc. Method and apparatus for speech synthesis based on prosodic analysis
FR2696036B1 (fr) 1992-09-24 1994-10-14 France Telecom Procédé de mesure de ressemblance entre échantillons sonores et dispositif de mise en Óoeuvre de ce procédé.
JPH0772840B2 (ja) 1992-09-29 1995-08-02 日本アイ・ビー・エム株式会社 音声モデルの構成方法、音声認識方法、音声認識装置及び音声モデルの訓練方法
US5758313A (en) 1992-10-16 1998-05-26 Mobile Information Systems, Inc. Method and apparatus for tracking vehicle location
US5455888A (en) 1992-12-04 1995-10-03 Northern Telecom Limited Speech bandwidth extension method and apparatus
US5412756A (en) 1992-12-22 1995-05-02 Mitsubishi Denki Kabushiki Kaisha Artificial intelligence software shell for plant operation simulation
US5613036A (en) 1992-12-31 1997-03-18 Apple Computer, Inc. Dynamic categories for a speech recognition system
US5390279A (en) 1992-12-31 1995-02-14 Apple Computer, Inc. Partitioning speech rules by context for speech recognition
US5734791A (en) 1992-12-31 1998-03-31 Apple Computer, Inc. Rapid tree-based method for vector quantization
US5384892A (en) 1992-12-31 1995-01-24 Apple Computer, Inc. Dynamic language model for speech recognition
US6122616A (en) 1993-01-21 2000-09-19 Apple Computer, Inc. Method and apparatus for diphone aliasing
US5864844A (en) 1993-02-18 1999-01-26 Apple Computer, Inc. System and method for enhancing a user interface with a computer based training tool
CA2091658A1 (en) 1993-03-15 1994-09-16 Matthew Lennig Method and apparatus for automation of directory assistance using speech recognition
US6055531A (en) 1993-03-24 2000-04-25 Engate Incorporated Down-line transcription system having context sensitive searching capability
US5536902A (en) 1993-04-14 1996-07-16 Yamaha Corporation Method of and apparatus for analyzing and synthesizing a sound by extracting and controlling a sound parameter
US5444823A (en) 1993-04-16 1995-08-22 Compaq Computer Corporation Intelligent search engine for associated on-line documentation having questionless case-based knowledge base
US5574823A (en) 1993-06-23 1996-11-12 Her Majesty The Queen In Right Of Canada As Represented By The Minister Of Communications Frequency selective harmonic coding
JPH0756933A (ja) 1993-06-24 1995-03-03 Xerox Corp 文書検索方法
US5515475A (en) 1993-06-24 1996-05-07 Northern Telecom Limited Speech recognition method using a two-pass search
JP3685812B2 (ja) 1993-06-29 2005-08-24 ソニー株式会社 音声信号送受信装置
US5794207A (en) 1996-09-04 1998-08-11 Walker Asset Management Limited Partnership Method and apparatus for a cryptographically assisted commercial network system designed to facilitate buyer-driven conditional purchase offers
US5495604A (en) 1993-08-25 1996-02-27 Asymetrix Corporation Method and apparatus for the modeling and query of database structures using natural language-like constructs
US5619694A (en) 1993-08-26 1997-04-08 Nec Corporation Case database storage/retrieval system
US5940811A (en) 1993-08-27 1999-08-17 Affinity Technology Group, Inc. Closed loop financial transaction method and apparatus
US5377258A (en) 1993-08-30 1994-12-27 National Medical Research Council Method and apparatus for an automated and interactive behavioral guidance system
US5873056A (en) 1993-10-12 1999-02-16 The Syracuse University Natural language processing system for semantic vector representation which accounts for lexical ambiguity
US5578808A (en) 1993-12-22 1996-11-26 Datamark Services, Inc. Data card that can be used for transactions involving separate card issuers
CA2179523A1 (en) 1993-12-23 1995-06-29 David A. Boulton Method and apparatus for implementing user feedback
US5621859A (en) 1994-01-19 1997-04-15 Bbn Corporation Single tree method for grammar directed, very large vocabulary speech recognizer
US5584024A (en) 1994-03-24 1996-12-10 Software Ag Interactive database query system and method for prohibiting the selection of semantically incorrect query parameters
US5642519A (en) 1994-04-29 1997-06-24 Sun Microsystems, Inc. Speech interpreter with a unified grammer compiler
EP0684607B1 (en) 1994-05-25 2001-03-14 Victor Company Of Japan, Limited Variable transfer rate data reproduction apparatus
US5493677A (en) 1994-06-08 1996-02-20 Systems Research & Applications Corporation Generation, archiving, and retrieval of digital images with evoked suggestion-set captions and natural language interface
US5675819A (en) 1994-06-16 1997-10-07 Xerox Corporation Document information retrieval using global word co-occurrence patterns
JPH0869470A (ja) 1994-06-21 1996-03-12 Canon Inc 自然言語処理装置及びその方法
US5948040A (en) 1994-06-24 1999-09-07 Delorme Publishing Co. Travel reservation information and planning system
US5682539A (en) 1994-09-29 1997-10-28 Conrad; Donovan Anticipated meaning natural language interface
US5715468A (en) 1994-09-30 1998-02-03 Budzinski; Robert Lucius Memory system for storing and retrieving experience and knowledge with natural language
GB2293667B (en) 1994-09-30 1998-05-27 Intermation Limited Database management system
US5845255A (en) 1994-10-28 1998-12-01 Advanced Health Med-E-Systems Corporation Prescription management system
US5577241A (en) 1994-12-07 1996-11-19 Excite, Inc. Information retrieval system and method with implementation extensible query architecture
US5748974A (en) 1994-12-13 1998-05-05 International Business Machines Corporation Multimodal natural language interface for cross-application tasks
US5794050A (en) 1995-01-04 1998-08-11 Intelligent Text Processing, Inc. Natural language understanding system
EP1526472A3 (en) 1995-02-13 2006-07-26 Intertrust Technologies Corp. Systems and methods for secure transaction management and electronic rights protection
US5701400A (en) 1995-03-08 1997-12-23 Amado; Carlos Armando Method and apparatus for applying if-then-else rules to data sets in a relational data base and generating from the results of application of said rules a database of diagnostics linked to said data sets to aid executive analysis of financial data
US5749081A (en) 1995-04-06 1998-05-05 Firefly Network, Inc. System and method for recommending items to a user
US5642464A (en) 1995-05-03 1997-06-24 Northern Telecom Limited Methods and apparatus for noise conditioning in digital speech compression systems using linear predictive coding
US5664055A (en) 1995-06-07 1997-09-02 Lucent Technologies Inc. CS-ACELP speech compression system with adaptive pitch prediction filter gain based on a measure of periodicity
US5710886A (en) 1995-06-16 1998-01-20 Sellectsoft, L.C. Electric couponing method and apparatus
JP3284832B2 (ja) 1995-06-22 2002-05-20 セイコーエプソン株式会社 音声認識対話処理方法および音声認識対話装置
US6038533A (en) 1995-07-07 2000-03-14 Lucent Technologies Inc. System and method for selecting training text
US6026388A (en) 1995-08-16 2000-02-15 Textwise, Llc User interface and other enhancements for natural language information retrieval system and method
JP3697748B2 (ja) 1995-08-21 2005-09-21 セイコーエプソン株式会社 端末、音声認識装置
US5712957A (en) 1995-09-08 1998-01-27 Carnegie Mellon University Locating and correcting erroneously recognized portions of utterances by rescoring based on two n-best lists
US5737734A (en) 1995-09-15 1998-04-07 Infonautics Corporation Query word relevance adjustment in a search of an information retrieval system
US6173261B1 (en) 1998-09-30 2001-01-09 At&T Corp Grammar fragment acquisition using syntactic and semantic clustering
US5790978A (en) 1995-09-15 1998-08-04 Lucent Technologies, Inc. System and method for determining pitch contours
US5884323A (en) 1995-10-13 1999-03-16 3Com Corporation Extendible method and apparatus for synchronizing files on two different computer systems
US5799276A (en) 1995-11-07 1998-08-25 Accent Incorporated Knowledge-based speech recognition system and methods having frame length computed based upon estimated pitch period of vocalic intervals
US5794237A (en) 1995-11-13 1998-08-11 International Business Machines Corporation System and method for improving problem source identification in computer systems employing relevance feedback and statistical source ranking
US5706442A (en) 1995-12-20 1998-01-06 Block Financial Corporation System for on-line financial services using distributed objects
US6119101A (en) 1996-01-17 2000-09-12 Personal Agents, Inc. Intelligent agents for electronic commerce
US6125356A (en) 1996-01-18 2000-09-26 Rosefaire Development, Ltd. Portable sales presentation system with selective scripted seller prompts
US5987404A (en) 1996-01-29 1999-11-16 International Business Machines Corporation Statistical natural language understanding using hidden clumpings
US5729694A (en) 1996-02-06 1998-03-17 The Regents Of The University Of California Speech coding, reconstruction and recognition using acoustics and electromagnetic waves
US6076088A (en) 1996-02-09 2000-06-13 Paik; Woojin Information extraction system and method using concept relation concept (CRC) triples
US5835893A (en) 1996-02-15 1998-11-10 Atr Interpreting Telecommunications Research Labs Class-based word clustering for speech recognition using a three-level balanced hierarchical similarity
US5901287A (en) 1996-04-01 1999-05-04 The Sabre Group Inc. Information aggregation and synthesization system
US5867799A (en) 1996-04-04 1999-02-02 Lang; Andrew K. Information system and method for filtering a massive flow of information entities to meet user information classification needs
US5963924A (en) 1996-04-26 1999-10-05 Verifone, Inc. System, method and article of manufacture for the use of payment instrument holders and payment instruments in network electronic commerce
US5987140A (en) 1996-04-26 1999-11-16 Verifone, Inc. System, method and article of manufacture for secure network electronic payment and credit collection
US5913193A (en) 1996-04-30 1999-06-15 Microsoft Corporation Method and system of runtime acoustic unit selection for speech synthesis
US5857184A (en) 1996-05-03 1999-01-05 Walden Media, Inc. Language and method for creating, organizing, and retrieving data from a database
US5828999A (en) 1996-05-06 1998-10-27 Apple Computer, Inc. Method and system for deriving a large-span semantic language model for large-vocabulary recognition systems
FR2748342B1 (fr) 1996-05-06 1998-07-17 France Telecom Procede et dispositif de filtrage par egalisation d'un signal de parole, mettant en oeuvre un modele statistique de ce signal
US5826261A (en) 1996-05-10 1998-10-20 Spencer; Graham System and method for querying multiple, distributed databases by selective sharing of local relative significance information for terms related to the query
US6366883B1 (en) 1996-05-15 2002-04-02 Atr Interpreting Telecommunications Concatenation of speech segments by use of a speech synthesizer
US5727950A (en) 1996-05-22 1998-03-17 Netsage Corporation Agent based instruction system and method
US5848386A (en) * 1996-05-28 1998-12-08 Ricoh Company, Ltd. Method and system for translating documents using different translation resources for different portions of the documents
US5966533A (en) 1996-06-11 1999-10-12 Excite, Inc. Method and system for dynamically synthesizing a computer program by differentially resolving atoms based on user context data
US5915249A (en) 1996-06-14 1999-06-22 Excite, Inc. System and method for accelerated query evaluation of very large full-text databases
US5987132A (en) 1996-06-17 1999-11-16 Verifone, Inc. System, method and article of manufacture for conditionally accepting a payment method utilizing an extensible, flexible architecture
US5825881A (en) 1996-06-28 1998-10-20 Allsoft Distributing Inc. Public network merchandising system
US6070147A (en) 1996-07-02 2000-05-30 Tecmark Services, Inc. Customer identification and marketing analysis systems
EP0912954B8 (en) 1996-07-22 2006-06-14 Cyva Research Corporation Personal information security and exchange tool
US5862223A (en) 1996-07-24 1999-01-19 Walker Asset Management Limited Partnership Method and apparatus for a cryptographically-assisted commercial network system designed to facilitate and support expert-based commerce
EP0829811A1 (en) 1996-09-11 1998-03-18 Nippon Telegraph And Telephone Corporation Method and system for information retrieval
US6181935B1 (en) 1996-09-27 2001-01-30 Software.Com, Inc. Mobility extended telephone application programming interface and method of use
US5794182A (en) 1996-09-30 1998-08-11 Apple Computer, Inc. Linear predictive speech encoding systems with efficient combination pitch coefficients computation
US5721827A (en) 1996-10-02 1998-02-24 James Logan System for electrically distributing personalized information
US5913203A (en) 1996-10-03 1999-06-15 Jaesent Inc. System and method for pseudo cash transactions
US5930769A (en) 1996-10-07 1999-07-27 Rose; Andrea System and method for fashion shopping
US5836771A (en) 1996-12-02 1998-11-17 Ho; Chi Fai Learning method and system based on questioning
US6665639B2 (en) 1996-12-06 2003-12-16 Sensory, Inc. Speech recognition in consumer electronic products
US6078914A (en) 1996-12-09 2000-06-20 Open Text Corporation Natural language meta-search system and method
US5839106A (en) 1996-12-17 1998-11-17 Apple Computer, Inc. Large-vocabulary speech recognition using an integrated syntactic and semantic statistical language model
US5966126A (en) 1996-12-23 1999-10-12 Szabo; Andrew J. Graphic user interface for database system
US5932869A (en) 1996-12-27 1999-08-03 Graphic Technology, Inc. Promotional system with magnetic stripe and visual thermo-reversible print surfaced medium
JP3579204B2 (ja) 1997-01-17 2004-10-20 富士通株式会社 文書要約装置およびその方法
US5941944A (en) 1997-03-03 1999-08-24 Microsoft Corporation Method for providing a substitute for a requested inaccessible object by identifying substantially similar objects using weights corresponding to object features
US5930801A (en) 1997-03-07 1999-07-27 Xerox Corporation Shared-data environment in which each file has independent security properties
US6076051A (en) 1997-03-07 2000-06-13 Microsoft Corporation Information retrieval utilizing semantic representation of text
US5822743A (en) 1997-04-08 1998-10-13 1215627 Ontario Inc. Knowledge-based information retrieval system
US5970474A (en) 1997-04-24 1999-10-19 Sears, Roebuck And Co. Registry information system for shoppers
US5895464A (en) 1997-04-30 1999-04-20 Eastman Kodak Company Computer program product and a method for using natural language for the description, search and retrieval of multi-media objects
US6233545B1 (en) * 1997-05-01 2001-05-15 William E. Datig Universal machine translator of arbitrary languages utilizing epistemic moments
US5860063A (en) 1997-07-11 1999-01-12 At&T Corp Automated meaningful phrase clustering
US5933822A (en) 1997-07-22 1999-08-03 Microsoft Corporation Apparatus and methods for an information retrieval system that employs natural language processing of search results to improve overall precision
US5974146A (en) 1997-07-30 1999-10-26 Huntington Bancshares Incorporated Real time bank-centric universal payment system
US5895466A (en) 1997-08-19 1999-04-20 At&T Corp Automated natural language understanding customer service system
US6081774A (en) 1997-08-22 2000-06-27 Novell, Inc. Natural language information retrieval system and method
US6404876B1 (en) 1997-09-25 2002-06-11 Gte Intelligent Network Services Incorporated System and method for voice activated dialing and routing under open access network control
US6023684A (en) 1997-10-01 2000-02-08 Security First Technologies, Inc. Three tier financial transaction system with cache memory
EP0911808B1 (en) 1997-10-23 2002-05-08 Sony International (Europe) GmbH Speech interface in a home network environment
US6108627A (en) 1997-10-31 2000-08-22 Nortel Networks Corporation Automatic transcription tool
US5943670A (en) 1997-11-21 1999-08-24 International Business Machines Corporation System and method for categorizing objects in combined categories
US5960422A (en) 1997-11-26 1999-09-28 International Business Machines Corporation System and method for optimized source selection in an information retrieval system
US6026375A (en) 1997-12-05 2000-02-15 Nortel Networks Corporation Method and apparatus for processing orders from customers in a mobile environment
US6064960A (en) 1997-12-18 2000-05-16 Apple Computer, Inc. Method and apparatus for improved duration modeling of phonemes
US6094649A (en) 1997-12-22 2000-07-25 Partnet, Inc. Keyword searches of structured databases
US6173287B1 (en) 1998-03-11 2001-01-09 Digital Equipment Corporation Technique for ranking multimedia annotations of interest
US6195641B1 (en) 1998-03-27 2001-02-27 International Business Machines Corp. Network universal spoken language vocabulary
US6026393A (en) 1998-03-31 2000-02-15 Casebank Technologies Inc. Configuration knowledge as an aid to case retrieval
US6233559B1 (en) 1998-04-01 2001-05-15 Motorola, Inc. Speech control of multiple applications using applets
US6173279B1 (en) 1998-04-09 2001-01-09 At&T Corp. Method of using a natural language interface to retrieve information from one or more data resources
US6088731A (en) 1998-04-24 2000-07-11 Associative Computing, Inc. Intelligent assistant for use with a local computer and with the internet
US6029132A (en) 1998-04-30 2000-02-22 Matsushita Electric Industrial Co. Method for letter-to-sound in text-to-speech synthesis
US6016471A (en) 1998-04-29 2000-01-18 Matsushita Electric Industrial Co., Ltd. Method and apparatus using decision trees to generate and score multiple pronunciations for a spelled word
US6285786B1 (en) 1998-04-30 2001-09-04 Motorola, Inc. Text recognizer and method using non-cumulative character scoring in a forward search
US6144938A (en) 1998-05-01 2000-11-07 Sun Microsystems, Inc. Voice user interface with personality
US20070094224A1 (en) 1998-05-28 2007-04-26 Lawrence Au Method and system for determining contextual meaning for network search applications
US6778970B2 (en) 1998-05-28 2004-08-17 Lawrence Au Topological methods to organize semantic network data flows for conversational applications
US7711672B2 (en) 1998-05-28 2010-05-04 Lawrence Au Semantic network methods to disambiguate natural language meaning
US6144958A (en) 1998-07-15 2000-11-07 Amazon.Com, Inc. System and method for correcting spelling errors in search queries
US6105865A (en) 1998-07-17 2000-08-22 Hardesty; Laurence Daniel Financial transaction system with retirement saving benefit
US6499013B1 (en) 1998-09-09 2002-12-24 One Voice Technologies, Inc. Interactive user interface using speech recognition and natural language processing
US6434524B1 (en) 1998-09-09 2002-08-13 One Voice Technologies, Inc. Object interactive user interface using speech recognition and natural language processing
US6266637B1 (en) 1998-09-11 2001-07-24 International Business Machines Corporation Phrase splicing and variable substitution using a trainable speech synthesizer
DE19841541B4 (de) 1998-09-11 2007-12-06 Püllen, Rainer Teilnehmereinheit für einen Multimediadienst
US6792082B1 (en) 1998-09-11 2004-09-14 Comverse Ltd. Voice mail system with personal assistant provisioning
US6317831B1 (en) 1998-09-21 2001-11-13 Openwave Systems Inc. Method and apparatus for establishing a secure connection over a one-way data path
US6275824B1 (en) 1998-10-02 2001-08-14 Ncr Corporation System and method for managing data privacy in a database management system
IL140805A0 (en) 1998-10-02 2002-02-10 Ibm Structure skeletons for efficient voice navigation through generic hierarchical objects
GB9821969D0 (en) 1998-10-08 1998-12-02 Canon Kk Apparatus and method for processing natural language
US6928614B1 (en) 1998-10-13 2005-08-09 Visteon Global Technologies, Inc. Mobile office with speech recognition
US6453292B2 (en) 1998-10-28 2002-09-17 International Business Machines Corporation Command boundary identifier for conversational natural language
US6208971B1 (en) 1998-10-30 2001-03-27 Apple Computer, Inc. Method and apparatus for command recognition using data-driven semantic inference
US6321092B1 (en) 1998-11-03 2001-11-20 Signal Soft Corporation Multiple input data management for wireless location-based applications
US6446076B1 (en) 1998-11-12 2002-09-03 Accenture Llp. Voice interactive web-based agent system responsive to a user location for prioritizing and formatting information
EP1138038B1 (en) 1998-11-13 2005-06-22 Lernout & Hauspie Speech Products N.V. Speech synthesis using concatenation of speech waveforms
US6606599B2 (en) 1998-12-23 2003-08-12 Interactive Speech Technologies, Llc Method for integrating computing processes with an interface controlled by voice actuated grammars
US6246981B1 (en) 1998-11-25 2001-06-12 International Business Machines Corporation Natural language task-oriented dialog manager and method
US7082397B2 (en) 1998-12-01 2006-07-25 Nuance Communications, Inc. System for and method of creating and browsing a voice web
US6260024B1 (en) 1998-12-02 2001-07-10 Gary Shkedy Method and apparatus for facilitating buyer-driven purchase orders on a commercial network system
US7881936B2 (en) 1998-12-04 2011-02-01 Tegic Communications, Inc. Multimodal disambiguation of speech recognition
US6317707B1 (en) 1998-12-07 2001-11-13 At&T Corp. Automatic clustering of tokens from a corpus for grammar acquisition
US6308149B1 (en) 1998-12-16 2001-10-23 Xerox Corporation Grouping words with equivalent substrings by automatic clustering based on suffix relationships
US6523172B1 (en) 1998-12-17 2003-02-18 Evolutionary Technologies International, Inc. Parser translator system and method
US6460029B1 (en) 1998-12-23 2002-10-01 Microsoft Corporation System for improving search text
US6742021B1 (en) 1999-01-05 2004-05-25 Sri International, Inc. Navigating network-based electronic information using spoken input with multimodal error feedback
US7036128B1 (en) 1999-01-05 2006-04-25 Sri International Offices Using a community of distributed electronic agents to support a highly mobile, ambient computing environment
US6757718B1 (en) 1999-01-05 2004-06-29 Sri International Mobile navigation of network-based electronic information using spoken input
US6523061B1 (en) 1999-01-05 2003-02-18 Sri International, Inc. System, method, and article of manufacture for agent-based navigation in a speech-based data navigation system
US6513063B1 (en) 1999-01-05 2003-01-28 Sri International Accessing network-based electronic information through scripted online interfaces using spoken input
US6851115B1 (en) 1999-01-05 2005-02-01 Sri International Software-based architecture for communication and cooperation among distributed electronic agents
US7152070B1 (en) 1999-01-08 2006-12-19 The Regents Of The University Of California System and method for integrating and accessing multiple data sources within a data warehouse architecture
US6505183B1 (en) 1999-02-04 2003-01-07 Authoria, Inc. Human resource knowledge modeling and delivery system
US6317718B1 (en) 1999-02-26 2001-11-13 Accenture Properties (2) B.V. System, method and article of manufacture for location-based filtering for shopping agent in the physical world
GB9904662D0 (en) 1999-03-01 1999-04-21 Canon Kk Natural language search method and apparatus
US6356905B1 (en) 1999-03-05 2002-03-12 Accenture Llp System, method and article of manufacture for mobile communication utilizing an interface support framework
US6928404B1 (en) 1999-03-17 2005-08-09 International Business Machines Corporation System and methods for acoustic and language modeling for automatic speech recognition with large vocabularies
US6584464B1 (en) 1999-03-19 2003-06-24 Ask Jeeves, Inc. Grammar template query system
EP1088299A2 (en) 1999-03-26 2001-04-04 Scansoft, Inc. Client-server speech recognition
US6356854B1 (en) 1999-04-05 2002-03-12 Delphi Technologies, Inc. Holographic object position and type sensing system and method
WO2000060435A2 (en) 1999-04-07 2000-10-12 Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute System and method for accessing personal information
US6631346B1 (en) 1999-04-07 2003-10-07 Matsushita Electric Industrial Co., Ltd. Method and apparatus for natural language parsing using multiple passes and tags
US6647260B2 (en) 1999-04-09 2003-11-11 Openwave Systems Inc. Method and system facilitating web based provisioning of two-way mobile communications devices
US6924828B1 (en) 1999-04-27 2005-08-02 Surfnotes Method and apparatus for improved information representation
US6697780B1 (en) 1999-04-30 2004-02-24 At&T Corp. Method and apparatus for rapid acoustic unit selection from a large speech corpus
JP2003505778A (ja) 1999-05-28 2003-02-12 セーダ インコーポレイテッド 音声制御ユーザインタフェース用の認識文法作成の特定用途を有する句ベースの対話モデル化
US20020032564A1 (en) 2000-04-19 2002-03-14 Farzad Ehsani Phrase-based dialogue modeling with particular application to creating a recognition grammar for a voice-controlled user interface
US6931384B1 (en) 1999-06-04 2005-08-16 Microsoft Corporation System and method providing utility-based decision making about clarification dialog given communicative uncertainty
US6598039B1 (en) 1999-06-08 2003-07-22 Albert-Inc. S.A. Natural language interface for searching database
US8065155B1 (en) 1999-06-10 2011-11-22 Gazdzinski Robert F Adaptive advertising apparatus and methods
US7711565B1 (en) 1999-06-10 2010-05-04 Gazdzinski Robert F “Smart” elevator system and method
US6615175B1 (en) 1999-06-10 2003-09-02 Robert F. Gazdzinski “Smart” elevator system and method
US7093693B1 (en) 1999-06-10 2006-08-22 Gazdzinski Robert F Elevator access control system and method
US6711585B1 (en) 1999-06-15 2004-03-23 Kanisa Inc. System and method for implementing a knowledge management system
JP3361291B2 (ja) 1999-07-23 2003-01-07 コナミ株式会社 音声合成方法、音声合成装置及び音声合成プログラムを記録したコンピュータ読み取り可能な媒体
US6421672B1 (en) 1999-07-27 2002-07-16 Verizon Services Corp. Apparatus for and method of disambiguation of directory listing searches utilizing multiple selectable secondary search keys
EP1079387A3 (en) 1999-08-26 2003-07-09 Matsushita Electric Industrial Co., Ltd. Mechanism for storing information about recorded television broadcasts
US6697824B1 (en) 1999-08-31 2004-02-24 Accenture Llp Relationship management in an E-commerce application framework
US6601234B1 (en) 1999-08-31 2003-07-29 Accenture Llp Attribute dictionary in a business logic services environment
US6912499B1 (en) 1999-08-31 2005-06-28 Nortel Networks Limited Method and apparatus for training a multilingual speech model set
US7127403B1 (en) 1999-09-13 2006-10-24 Microstrategy, Inc. System and method for personalizing an interactive voice broadcast of a voice service based on particulars of a request
US6601026B2 (en) 1999-09-17 2003-07-29 Discern Communications, Inc. Information retrieval by natural language querying
US6625583B1 (en) 1999-10-06 2003-09-23 Goldman, Sachs & Co. Handheld trading system interface
US6505175B1 (en) 1999-10-06 2003-01-07 Goldman, Sachs & Co. Order centric tracking system
US7020685B1 (en) 1999-10-08 2006-03-28 Openwave Systems Inc. Method and apparatus for providing internet content to SMS-based wireless devices
JP5118280B2 (ja) 1999-10-19 2013-01-16 ソニー エレクトロニクス インク 自然言語インターフェースコントロールシステム
US6807574B1 (en) 1999-10-22 2004-10-19 Tellme Networks, Inc. Method and apparatus for content personalization over a telephone interface
JP2001125896A (ja) 1999-10-26 2001-05-11 Victor Co Of Japan Ltd 自然言語対話システム
US7310600B1 (en) 1999-10-28 2007-12-18 Canon Kabushiki Kaisha Language recognition using a similarity measure
US6665640B1 (en) 1999-11-12 2003-12-16 Phoenix Solutions, Inc. Interactive speech based learning/training system formulating search queries based on natural language parsing of recognized user queries
US6615172B1 (en) 1999-11-12 2003-09-02 Phoenix Solutions, Inc. Intelligent query engine for processing voice based queries
US7392185B2 (en) 1999-11-12 2008-06-24 Phoenix Solutions, Inc. Speech based learning/training system using semantic decoding
US7725307B2 (en) 1999-11-12 2010-05-25 Phoenix Solutions, Inc. Query engine for processing voice based queries including semantic decoding
US9076448B2 (en) 1999-11-12 2015-07-07 Nuance Communications, Inc. Distributed real time speech recognition system
US6633846B1 (en) 1999-11-12 2003-10-14 Phoenix Solutions, Inc. Distributed realtime speech recognition system
US7050977B1 (en) 1999-11-12 2006-05-23 Phoenix Solutions, Inc. Speech-enabled server for internet website and method
US6532446B1 (en) 1999-11-24 2003-03-11 Openwave Systems Inc. Server based speech recognition user interface for wireless devices
US6526382B1 (en) 1999-12-07 2003-02-25 Comverse, Inc. Language-oriented user interfaces for voice activated services
US6526395B1 (en) 1999-12-31 2003-02-25 Intel Corporation Application of personality models and interaction with synthetic characters in a computing system
US6556983B1 (en) 2000-01-12 2003-04-29 Microsoft Corporation Methods and apparatus for finding semantic information, such as usage logs, similar to a query using a pattern lattice data space
US6546388B1 (en) 2000-01-14 2003-04-08 International Business Machines Corporation Metadata search results ranking system
US6701294B1 (en) 2000-01-19 2004-03-02 Lucent Technologies, Inc. User interface for translating natural language inquiries into database queries and data presentations
US6829603B1 (en) 2000-02-02 2004-12-07 International Business Machines Corp. System, method and program product for interactive natural dialog
US6895558B1 (en) 2000-02-11 2005-05-17 Microsoft Corporation Multi-access mode electronic personal assistant
US6640098B1 (en) 2000-02-14 2003-10-28 Action Engine Corporation System for obtaining service-related information for local interactive wireless devices
US6847979B2 (en) 2000-02-25 2005-01-25 Synquiry Technologies, Ltd Conceptual factoring and unification of graphs representing semantic models
US6449620B1 (en) 2000-03-02 2002-09-10 Nimble Technology, Inc. Method and apparatus for generating information pages using semi-structured data stored in a structured manner
US6895380B2 (en) 2000-03-02 2005-05-17 Electro Standards Laboratories Voice actuation with contextual learning for intelligent machine control
US6466654B1 (en) 2000-03-06 2002-10-15 Avaya Technology Corp. Personal virtual assistant with semantic tagging
US6757362B1 (en) 2000-03-06 2004-06-29 Avaya Technology Corp. Personal virtual assistant
EP1275042A2 (en) 2000-03-06 2003-01-15 Kanisa Inc. A system and method for providing an intelligent multi-step dialog with a user
US6477488B1 (en) 2000-03-10 2002-11-05 Apple Computer, Inc. Method for dynamic context scope selection in hybrid n-gram+LSA language modeling
US6615220B1 (en) 2000-03-14 2003-09-02 Oracle International Corporation Method and mechanism for data consolidation
US6510417B1 (en) 2000-03-21 2003-01-21 America Online, Inc. System and method for voice access to internet-based information
GB2366009B (en) 2000-03-22 2004-07-21 Canon Kk Natural language machine interface
JP3728172B2 (ja) 2000-03-31 2005-12-21 キヤノン株式会社 音声合成方法および装置
US7177798B2 (en) 2000-04-07 2007-02-13 Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute Natural language interface using constrained intermediate dictionary of results
US7107204B1 (en) * 2000-04-24 2006-09-12 Microsoft Corporation Computer-aided writing system and method with cross-language writing wizard
US6810379B1 (en) 2000-04-24 2004-10-26 Sensory, Inc. Client/server architecture for text-to-speech synthesis
JP2002014954A (ja) 2000-06-28 2002-01-18 Toshiba Corp 中国語入力変換処理装置、中国語入力変換処理方法及び記録媒体
US6684187B1 (en) 2000-06-30 2004-01-27 At&T Corp. Method and system for preselection of suitable units for concatenative speech
US6691111B2 (en) 2000-06-30 2004-02-10 Research In Motion Limited System and method for implementing a natural language user interface
US6505158B1 (en) 2000-07-05 2003-01-07 At&T Corp. Synthesis-based pre-selection of suitable units for concatenative speech
JP3949356B2 (ja) 2000-07-12 2007-07-25 三菱電機株式会社 音声対話システム
US7139709B2 (en) 2000-07-20 2006-11-21 Microsoft Corporation Middleware layer between speech related applications and engines
JP2002041276A (ja) 2000-07-24 2002-02-08 Sony Corp 対話型操作支援システム及び対話型操作支援方法、並びに記憶媒体
US20060143007A1 (en) 2000-07-24 2006-06-29 Koh V E User interaction with voice information services
US7092928B1 (en) 2000-07-31 2006-08-15 Quantum Leap Research, Inc. Intelligent portal engine
US6778951B1 (en) 2000-08-09 2004-08-17 Concerto Software, Inc. Information retrieval method with natural language interface
US6766320B1 (en) 2000-08-24 2004-07-20 Microsoft Corporation Search engine with natural language-based robust parsing for user query and relevance feedback learning
DE10042944C2 (de) 2000-08-31 2003-03-13 Siemens Ag Graphem-Phonem-Konvertierung
WO2002023523A2 (en) 2000-09-15 2002-03-21 Lernout & Hauspie Speech Products N.V. Fast waveform synchronization for concatenation and time-scale modification of speech
WO2002027712A1 (en) 2000-09-29 2002-04-04 Professorq, Inc. Natural-language voice-activated personal assistant
US6832194B1 (en) 2000-10-26 2004-12-14 Sensory, Incorporated Audio recognition peripheral system
US7027974B1 (en) 2000-10-27 2006-04-11 Science Applications International Corporation Ontology-based parser for natural language processing
US7006969B2 (en) 2000-11-02 2006-02-28 At&T Corp. System and method of pattern recognition in very high-dimensional space
EP1346344A1 (en) 2000-12-18 2003-09-24 Koninklijke Philips Electronics N.V. Store speech, select vocabulary to recognize word
US6937986B2 (en) 2000-12-28 2005-08-30 Comverse, Inc. Automatic dynamic speech recognition vocabulary based on external sources of information
MXPA02008345A (es) 2000-12-29 2002-12-13 Gen Electric Metodo y sistema para identificar equipo que repetidamente funciona mal.
US7257537B2 (en) 2001-01-12 2007-08-14 International Business Machines Corporation Method and apparatus for performing dialog management in a computer conversational interface
US6964023B2 (en) 2001-02-05 2005-11-08 International Business Machines Corporation System and method for multi-modal focus detection, referential ambiguity resolution and mood classification using multi-modal input
US7290039B1 (en) 2001-02-27 2007-10-30 Microsoft Corporation Intent based processing
US6721728B2 (en) 2001-03-02 2004-04-13 The United States Of America As Represented By The Administrator Of The National Aeronautics And Space Administration System, method and apparatus for discovering phrases in a database
US7216073B2 (en) 2001-03-13 2007-05-08 Intelligate, Ltd. Dynamic natural language understanding
US6996531B2 (en) 2001-03-30 2006-02-07 Comverse Ltd. Automated database assistance using a telephone for a speech based or text based multimedia communication mode
US6654740B2 (en) 2001-05-08 2003-11-25 Sunflare Co., Ltd. Probabilistic information retrieval based on differential latent semantic space
US7085722B2 (en) 2001-05-14 2006-08-01 Sony Computer Entertainment America Inc. System and method for menu-driven voice control of characters in a game environment
US6944594B2 (en) 2001-05-30 2005-09-13 Bellsouth Intellectual Property Corporation Multi-context conversational environment system and method
US20020194003A1 (en) 2001-06-05 2002-12-19 Mozer Todd F. Client-server security system and method
US20020198714A1 (en) 2001-06-26 2002-12-26 Guojun Zhou Statistical spoken dialog system
US7139722B2 (en) 2001-06-27 2006-11-21 Bellsouth Intellectual Property Corporation Location and time sensitive wireless calendaring
US6604059B2 (en) 2001-07-10 2003-08-05 Koninklijke Philips Electronics N.V. Predictive calendar
US7987151B2 (en) 2001-08-10 2011-07-26 General Dynamics Advanced Info Systems, Inc. Apparatus and method for problem solving using intelligent agents
US6813491B1 (en) 2001-08-31 2004-11-02 Openwave Systems Inc. Method and apparatus for adapting settings of wireless communication devices in accordance with user proximity
US7403938B2 (en) 2001-09-24 2008-07-22 Iac Search & Media, Inc. Natural language query processing
US20050196732A1 (en) 2001-09-26 2005-09-08 Scientific Learning Corporation Method and apparatus for automated training of language learning skills
US6985865B1 (en) 2001-09-26 2006-01-10 Sprint Spectrum L.P. Method and system for enhanced response to voice commands in a voice command platform
US6650735B2 (en) 2001-09-27 2003-11-18 Microsoft Corporation Integrated voice access to a variety of personal information services
US7324947B2 (en) 2001-10-03 2008-01-29 Promptu Systems Corporation Global speech user interface
US7167832B2 (en) 2001-10-15 2007-01-23 At&T Corp. Method for dialog management
GB2381409B (en) 2001-10-27 2004-04-28 Hewlett Packard Ltd Asynchronous access to synchronous voice services
NO316480B1 (no) 2001-11-15 2004-01-26 Forinnova As Fremgangsmåte og system for tekstuell granskning og oppdagelse
US20030101054A1 (en) 2001-11-27 2003-05-29 Ncc, Llc Integrated system and method for electronic speech recognition and transcription
TW541517B (en) 2001-12-25 2003-07-11 Univ Nat Cheng Kung Speech recognition system
US7197460B1 (en) 2002-04-23 2007-03-27 At&T Corp. System for handling frequently asked questions in a natural language dialog service
US6847966B1 (en) 2002-04-24 2005-01-25 Engenium Corporation Method and system for optimally searching a document database using a representative semantic space
US7546382B2 (en) 2002-05-28 2009-06-09 International Business Machines Corporation Methods and systems for authoring of mixed-initiative multi-modal interactions and related browsing mechanisms
US7398209B2 (en) 2002-06-03 2008-07-08 Voicebox Technologies, Inc. Systems and methods for responding to natural language speech utterance
US7233790B2 (en) 2002-06-28 2007-06-19 Openwave Systems, Inc. Device capability based discovery, packaging and provisioning of content for wireless mobile devices
US7299033B2 (en) 2002-06-28 2007-11-20 Openwave Systems Inc. Domain-based management of distribution of digital content from multiple suppliers to multiple wireless services subscribers
US7693720B2 (en) 2002-07-15 2010-04-06 Voicebox Technologies, Inc. Mobile systems and methods for responding to natural language speech utterance
US7467087B1 (en) 2002-10-10 2008-12-16 Gillick Laurence S Training and using pronunciation guessers in speech recognition
US7783486B2 (en) 2002-11-22 2010-08-24 Roy Jonathan Rosser Response generator for mimicking human-computer natural language conversation
WO2004053836A1 (en) 2002-12-10 2004-06-24 Kirusa, Inc. Techniques for disambiguating speech input using multimodal interfaces
US7386449B2 (en) 2002-12-11 2008-06-10 Voice Enabling Systems Technology Inc. Knowledge-based flexible natural speech dialogue system
US7956766B2 (en) 2003-01-06 2011-06-07 Panasonic Corporation Apparatus operating system
US7529671B2 (en) 2003-03-04 2009-05-05 Microsoft Corporation Block synchronous decoding
US6980949B2 (en) 2003-03-14 2005-12-27 Sonum Technologies, Inc. Natural language processor
US20040186714A1 (en) * 2003-03-18 2004-09-23 Aurilab, Llc Speech recognition improvement through post-processsing
US7496498B2 (en) 2003-03-24 2009-02-24 Microsoft Corporation Front-end architecture for a multi-lingual text-to-speech system
US7421393B1 (en) 2004-03-01 2008-09-02 At&T Corp. System for developing a dialog manager using modular spoken-dialog components
US7200559B2 (en) 2003-05-29 2007-04-03 Microsoft Corporation Semantic object synchronous understanding implemented with speech application language tags
US7720683B1 (en) 2003-06-13 2010-05-18 Sensory, Inc. Method and apparatus of specifying and performing speech recognition operations
US7475010B2 (en) 2003-09-03 2009-01-06 Lingospot, Inc. Adaptive and scalable method for resolving natural language ambiguities
US7418392B1 (en) 2003-09-25 2008-08-26 Sensory, Inc. System and method for controlling the operation of a device by voice commands
US7155706B2 (en) 2003-10-24 2006-12-26 Microsoft Corporation Administrative tool environment
US7584092B2 (en) 2004-11-15 2009-09-01 Microsoft Corporation Unsupervised learning of paraphrase/translation alternations and selective application thereof
US7412385B2 (en) 2003-11-12 2008-08-12 Microsoft Corporation System for identifying paraphrases using machine translation
US7447630B2 (en) 2003-11-26 2008-11-04 Microsoft Corporation Method and apparatus for multi-sensory speech enhancement
WO2005062293A1 (ja) 2003-12-05 2005-07-07 Kabushikikaisha Kenwood オーディオ機器制御装置、オーディオ機器制御方法及びプログラム
ATE404967T1 (de) 2003-12-16 2008-08-15 Loquendo Spa Text-zu-sprache-system und verfahren, computerprogramm dafür
US7427024B1 (en) 2003-12-17 2008-09-23 Gazdzinski Mark J Chattel management apparatus and methods
US7552055B2 (en) 2004-01-10 2009-06-23 Microsoft Corporation Dialog component re-use in recognition systems
US7567896B2 (en) 2004-01-16 2009-07-28 Nuance Communications, Inc. Corpus-based speech synthesis based on segment recombination
US20050165607A1 (en) 2004-01-22 2005-07-28 At&T Corp. System and method to disambiguate and clarify user intention in a spoken dialog system
DE602004017955D1 (de) 2004-01-29 2009-01-08 Daimler Ag Verfahren und System zur Sprachdialogschnittstelle
KR100462292B1 (ko) 2004-02-26 2004-12-17 엔에이치엔(주) 중요도 정보를 반영한 검색 결과 리스트 제공 방법 및 그시스템
US7693715B2 (en) 2004-03-10 2010-04-06 Microsoft Corporation Generating large units of graphonemes with mutual information criterion for letter to sound conversion
US7478033B2 (en) * 2004-03-16 2009-01-13 Google Inc. Systems and methods for translating Chinese pinyin to Chinese characters
US7409337B1 (en) 2004-03-30 2008-08-05 Microsoft Corporation Natural language processing interface
US7496512B2 (en) 2004-04-13 2009-02-24 Microsoft Corporation Refining of segmental boundaries in speech waveforms using contextual-dependent models
US8095364B2 (en) 2004-06-02 2012-01-10 Tegic Communications, Inc. Multimodal disambiguation of speech recognition
US20050289463A1 (en) * 2004-06-23 2005-12-29 Google Inc., A Delaware Corporation Systems and methods for spell correction of non-roman characters and words
US7720674B2 (en) 2004-06-29 2010-05-18 Sap Ag Systems and methods for processing natural language queries
JP4652737B2 (ja) * 2004-07-14 2011-03-16 インターナショナル・ビジネス・マシーンズ・コーポレーション 単語境界確率推定装置及び方法、確率的言語モデル構築装置及び方法、仮名漢字変換装置及び方法、並びに、未知語モデルの構築方法、
TWI252049B (en) 2004-07-23 2006-03-21 Inventec Corp Sound control system and method
US7725318B2 (en) 2004-07-30 2010-05-25 Nice Systems Inc. System and method for improving the accuracy of audio searching
US20060048055A1 (en) * 2004-08-25 2006-03-02 Jun Wu Fault-tolerant romanized input method for non-roman characters
US7853574B2 (en) 2004-08-26 2010-12-14 International Business Machines Corporation Method of generating a context-inferenced search query and of sorting a result of the query
US7716056B2 (en) 2004-09-27 2010-05-11 Robert Bosch Corporation Method and system for interactive conversational dialogue for cognitively overloaded device users
US8107401B2 (en) 2004-09-30 2012-01-31 Avaya Inc. Method and apparatus for providing a virtual assistant to a communication participant
US7546235B2 (en) 2004-11-15 2009-06-09 Microsoft Corporation Unsupervised learning of paraphrase/translation alternations and selective application thereof
US7552046B2 (en) 2004-11-15 2009-06-23 Microsoft Corporation Unsupervised learning of paraphrase/translation alternations and selective application thereof
US7702500B2 (en) 2004-11-24 2010-04-20 Blaedow Karen R Method and apparatus for determining the meaning of natural language
CN1609859A (zh) 2004-11-26 2005-04-27 孙斌 搜索结果聚类的方法
US7376645B2 (en) 2004-11-29 2008-05-20 The Intellection Group, Inc. Multimodal natural language query system and architecture for processing voice and proximity-based queries
US20060122834A1 (en) 2004-12-03 2006-06-08 Bennett Ian M Emotion detection device & method for use in distributed systems
US8214214B2 (en) 2004-12-03 2012-07-03 Phoenix Solutions, Inc. Emotion detection device and method for use in distributed systems
US7636657B2 (en) 2004-12-09 2009-12-22 Microsoft Corporation Method and apparatus for automatic grammar generation from data entries
US7873654B2 (en) 2005-01-24 2011-01-18 The Intellection Group, Inc. Multimodal natural language query system for processing and analyzing voice and proximity-based queries
US7508373B2 (en) 2005-01-28 2009-03-24 Microsoft Corporation Form factor and input method for language input
GB0502259D0 (en) 2005-02-03 2005-03-09 British Telecomm Document searching tool and method
US7676026B1 (en) 2005-03-08 2010-03-09 Baxtech Asia Pte Ltd Desktop telephony system
US7925525B2 (en) 2005-03-25 2011-04-12 Microsoft Corporation Smart reminders
WO2006129967A1 (en) 2005-05-30 2006-12-07 Daumsoft, Inc. Conversation system and method using conversational agent
US8041570B2 (en) 2005-05-31 2011-10-18 Robert Bosch Corporation Dialogue management using scripts
US8024195B2 (en) 2005-06-27 2011-09-20 Sensory, Inc. Systems and methods of performing speech recognition using historical information
US7826945B2 (en) 2005-07-01 2010-11-02 You Zhang Automobile speech-recognition interface
US7640160B2 (en) 2005-08-05 2009-12-29 Voicebox Technologies, Inc. Systems and methods for responding to natural language speech utterance
US8271549B2 (en) 2005-08-05 2012-09-18 Intel Corporation System and method for automatically managing media content
US7620549B2 (en) 2005-08-10 2009-11-17 Voicebox Technologies, Inc. System and method of supporting adaptive misrecognition in conversational speech
US7949529B2 (en) 2005-08-29 2011-05-24 Voicebox Technologies, Inc. Mobile systems and methods of supporting natural language human-machine interactions
WO2007027989A2 (en) 2005-08-31 2007-03-08 Voicebox Technologies, Inc. Dynamic speech sharpening
US8265939B2 (en) 2005-08-31 2012-09-11 Nuance Communications, Inc. Hierarchical methods and apparatus for extracting user intent from spoken utterances
US8677377B2 (en) 2005-09-08 2014-03-18 Apple Inc. Method and apparatus for building an intelligent automated assistant
JP4908094B2 (ja) 2005-09-30 2012-04-04 株式会社リコー 情報処理システム、情報処理方法及び情報処理プログラム
US7930168B2 (en) 2005-10-04 2011-04-19 Robert Bosch Gmbh Natural language processing of disfluent sentences
CN100483399C (zh) * 2005-10-09 2009-04-29 株式会社东芝 训练音译模型、切分统计模型的方法和装置
US8620667B2 (en) 2005-10-17 2013-12-31 Microsoft Corporation Flexible speech-activated command and control
US7707032B2 (en) 2005-10-20 2010-04-27 National Cheng Kung University Method and system for matching speech data
US20070106674A1 (en) 2005-11-10 2007-05-10 Purusharth Agrawal Field sales process facilitation systems and methods
US20070185926A1 (en) 2005-11-28 2007-08-09 Anand Prahlad Systems and methods for classifying and transferring information in a storage network
KR100810500B1 (ko) 2005-12-08 2008-03-07 한국전자통신연구원 대화형 음성 인터페이스 시스템에서의 사용자 편의성증대 방법
GB2433403B (en) * 2005-12-16 2009-06-24 Emil Ltd A text editing apparatus and method
DE102005061365A1 (de) 2005-12-21 2007-06-28 Siemens Ag Verfahren zur Ansteuerung zumindest einer ersten und zweiten Hintergrundapplikation über ein universelles Sprachdialogsystem
US7996228B2 (en) 2005-12-22 2011-08-09 Microsoft Corporation Voice initiated network operations
US7599918B2 (en) 2005-12-29 2009-10-06 Microsoft Corporation Dynamic search with implicit user intention mining
JP2007183864A (ja) 2006-01-10 2007-07-19 Fujitsu Ltd ファイル検索方法及びそのシステム
US20070174188A1 (en) 2006-01-25 2007-07-26 Fish Robert D Electronic marketplace that facilitates transactions between consolidated buyers and/or sellers
IL174107A0 (en) 2006-02-01 2006-08-01 Grois Dan Method and system for advertising by means of a search engine over a data network
KR100764174B1 (ko) 2006-03-03 2007-10-08 삼성전자주식회사 음성 대화 서비스 장치 및 방법
US7983910B2 (en) * 2006-03-03 2011-07-19 International Business Machines Corporation Communicating across voice and text channels with emotion preservation
US7752152B2 (en) 2006-03-17 2010-07-06 Microsoft Corporation Using predictive user models for language modeling on a personal device with user behavior models based on statistical modeling
JP4734155B2 (ja) * 2006-03-24 2011-07-27 株式会社東芝 音声認識装置、音声認識方法および音声認識プログラム
US7707027B2 (en) 2006-04-13 2010-04-27 Nuance Communications, Inc. Identification and rejection of meaningless input during natural language classification
US8214213B1 (en) * 2006-04-27 2012-07-03 At&T Intellectual Property Ii, L.P. Speech recognition based on pronunciation modeling
US8423347B2 (en) 2006-06-06 2013-04-16 Microsoft Corporation Natural language personal information management
US7483894B2 (en) 2006-06-07 2009-01-27 Platformation Technologies, Inc Methods and apparatus for entity search
US20100257160A1 (en) 2006-06-07 2010-10-07 Yu Cao Methods & apparatus for searching with awareness of different types of information
US7523108B2 (en) 2006-06-07 2009-04-21 Platformation, Inc. Methods and apparatus for searching with awareness of geography and languages
KR100776800B1 (ko) 2006-06-16 2007-11-19 한국전자통신연구원 지능형 가제트를 이용한 맞춤형 서비스 제공 방법 및시스템
US7548895B2 (en) 2006-06-30 2009-06-16 Microsoft Corporation Communication-prompted user assistance
US9318108B2 (en) 2010-01-18 2016-04-19 Apple Inc. Intelligent automated assistant
US8073681B2 (en) 2006-10-16 2011-12-06 Voicebox Technologies, Inc. System and method for a cooperative conversational voice user interface
US20080129520A1 (en) 2006-12-01 2008-06-05 Apple Computer, Inc. Electronic device with enhanced audio feedback
WO2008085742A2 (en) 2007-01-07 2008-07-17 Apple Inc. Portable multifunction device, method and graphical user interface for interacting with user input elements in displayed content
KR100883657B1 (ko) 2007-01-26 2009-02-18 삼성전자주식회사 음성 인식 기반의 음악 검색 방법 및 장치
US7818176B2 (en) 2007-02-06 2010-10-19 Voicebox Technologies, Inc. System and method for selecting and presenting advertisements based on natural language processing of voice-based input
US7822608B2 (en) 2007-02-27 2010-10-26 Nuance Communications, Inc. Disambiguating a speech recognition grammar in a multimodal application
US20080221899A1 (en) 2007-03-07 2008-09-11 Cerra Joseph P Mobile messaging environment speech processing facility
US7801729B2 (en) 2007-03-13 2010-09-21 Sensory, Inc. Using multiple attributes to create a voice search playlist
US8219406B2 (en) 2007-03-15 2012-07-10 Microsoft Corporation Speech-centric multimodal user interface design in mobile technology
US7809610B2 (en) 2007-04-09 2010-10-05 Platformation, Inc. Methods and apparatus for freshness and completeness of information
US8457946B2 (en) * 2007-04-26 2013-06-04 Microsoft Corporation Recognition architecture for generating Asian characters
US7983915B2 (en) 2007-04-30 2011-07-19 Sonic Foundry, Inc. Audio content search engine
US8055708B2 (en) 2007-06-01 2011-11-08 Microsoft Corporation Multimedia spaces
US8204238B2 (en) 2007-06-08 2012-06-19 Sensory, Inc Systems and methods of sonic communication
US8190627B2 (en) 2007-06-28 2012-05-29 Microsoft Corporation Machine assisted query formulation
US8019606B2 (en) 2007-06-29 2011-09-13 Microsoft Corporation Identification and selection of a software application via speech
JP2009036999A (ja) 2007-08-01 2009-02-19 Infocom Corp コンピュータによる対話方法、対話システム、コンピュータプログラムおよびコンピュータに読み取り可能な記憶媒体
KR101359715B1 (ko) 2007-08-24 2014-02-10 삼성전자주식회사 모바일 음성 웹 제공 방법 및 장치
US8190359B2 (en) 2007-08-31 2012-05-29 Proxpro, Inc. Situation-aware personal information management for a mobile device
US20090058823A1 (en) 2007-09-04 2009-03-05 Apple Inc. Virtual Keyboards in Multi-Language Environment
US9734465B2 (en) 2007-09-14 2017-08-15 Ricoh Co., Ltd Distributed workflow-enabled system
KR100920267B1 (ko) 2007-09-17 2009-10-05 한국전자통신연구원 음성 대화 분석 시스템 및 그 방법
US8706476B2 (en) 2007-09-18 2014-04-22 Ariadne Genomics, Inc. Natural language processing method by analyzing primitive sentences, logical clauses, clause types and verbal blocks
US8165886B1 (en) 2007-10-04 2012-04-24 Great Northern Research LLC Speech interface system and method for control and interaction with applications on a computing system
US8036901B2 (en) 2007-10-05 2011-10-11 Sensory, Incorporated Systems and methods of performing speech recognition using sensory inputs of human position
US20090112677A1 (en) 2007-10-24 2009-04-30 Rhett Randolph L Method for automatically developing suggested optimal work schedules from unsorted group and individual task lists
US7840447B2 (en) 2007-10-30 2010-11-23 Leonard Kleinrock Pricing and auctioning of bundled items among multiple sellers and buyers
US7983997B2 (en) 2007-11-02 2011-07-19 Florida Institute For Human And Machine Cognition, Inc. Interactive complex task teaching system that allows for natural language input, recognizes a user's intent, and automatically performs tasks in document object model (DOM) nodes
US7890525B2 (en) * 2007-11-14 2011-02-15 International Business Machines Corporation Foreign language abbreviation translation in an instant messaging system
US8112280B2 (en) 2007-11-19 2012-02-07 Sensory, Inc. Systems and methods of performing speech recognition with barge-in for use in a bluetooth system
US8140335B2 (en) 2007-12-11 2012-03-20 Voicebox Technologies, Inc. System and method for providing a natural language voice user interface in an integrated voice navigation services environment
US10002189B2 (en) 2007-12-20 2018-06-19 Apple Inc. Method and apparatus for searching using an active ontology
US8219407B1 (en) 2007-12-27 2012-07-10 Great Northern Research, LLC Method for processing the output of a speech recognizer
US20090192782A1 (en) * 2008-01-28 2009-07-30 William Drewes Method for increasing the accuracy of statistical machine translation (SMT)
US8099289B2 (en) 2008-02-13 2012-01-17 Sensory, Inc. Voice interface and search for electronic devices including bluetooth headsets and remote systems
US8958848B2 (en) 2008-04-08 2015-02-17 Lg Electronics Inc. Mobile terminal and menu control method thereof
US8666824B2 (en) 2008-04-23 2014-03-04 Dell Products L.P. Digital media content location and purchasing system
US8285344B2 (en) 2008-05-21 2012-10-09 DP Technlogies, Inc. Method and apparatus for adjusting audio for a user environment
US8589161B2 (en) 2008-05-27 2013-11-19 Voicebox Technologies, Inc. System and method for an integrated, multi-modal, multi-device natural language voice services environment
US8694355B2 (en) 2008-05-30 2014-04-08 Sri International Method and apparatus for automated assistance with task management
JP5377889B2 (ja) 2008-06-05 2013-12-25 日本放送協会 言語処理装置およびプログラム
US8423288B2 (en) 2009-11-30 2013-04-16 Apple Inc. Dynamic alerts for calendar events
US8166019B1 (en) 2008-07-21 2012-04-24 Sprint Communications Company L.P. Providing suggested actions in response to textual communications
US9200913B2 (en) 2008-10-07 2015-12-01 Telecommunication Systems, Inc. User interface for predictive traffic
US8364487B2 (en) * 2008-10-21 2013-01-29 Microsoft Corporation Speech recognition system with display information
US8140328B2 (en) 2008-12-01 2012-03-20 At&T Intellectual Property I, L.P. User intention based on N-best list of recognition hypotheses for utterances in a dialog
US8326637B2 (en) 2009-02-20 2012-12-04 Voicebox Technologies, Inc. System and method for processing multi-modal device interactions in a natural language voice services environment
US8805823B2 (en) 2009-04-14 2014-08-12 Sri International Content processing systems and methods
KR101581883B1 (ko) 2009-04-30 2016-01-11 삼성전자주식회사 모션 정보를 이용하는 음성 검출 장치 및 방법
CN102405463B (zh) 2009-04-30 2015-07-29 三星电子株式会社 利用多模态信息的用户意图推理装置及方法
US10540976B2 (en) 2009-06-05 2020-01-21 Apple Inc. Contextual voice commands
US9858925B2 (en) 2009-06-05 2018-01-02 Apple Inc. Using context information to facilitate processing of commands in a virtual assistant
US10255566B2 (en) 2011-06-03 2019-04-09 Apple Inc. Generating and processing task items that represent tasks to perform
KR101562792B1 (ko) 2009-06-10 2015-10-23 삼성전자주식회사 목표 예측 인터페이스 제공 장치 및 그 방법
US8527278B2 (en) 2009-06-29 2013-09-03 Abraham Ben David Intelligent home automation
KR101083540B1 (ko) * 2009-07-08 2011-11-14 엔에이치엔(주) 통계적인 방법을 이용한 한자에 대한 자국어 발음열 변환 시스템 및 방법
US20110047072A1 (en) 2009-08-07 2011-02-24 Visa U.S.A. Inc. Systems and Methods for Propensity Analysis and Validation
US8768313B2 (en) 2009-08-17 2014-07-01 Digimarc Corporation Methods and systems for image or audio recognition processing
WO2011028844A2 (en) 2009-09-02 2011-03-10 Sri International Method and apparatus for tailoring the output of an intelligent automated assistant to a user
US8321527B2 (en) 2009-09-10 2012-11-27 Tribal Brands System and method for tracking user location and associated activity and responsively providing mobile device updates
KR20110036385A (ko) 2009-10-01 2011-04-07 삼성전자주식회사 사용자 의도 분석 장치 및 방법
US20110099507A1 (en) 2009-10-28 2011-04-28 Google Inc. Displaying a collection of interactive elements that trigger actions directed to an item
US9197736B2 (en) 2009-12-31 2015-11-24 Digimarc Corporation Intuitive computing methods and systems
US20120137367A1 (en) 2009-11-06 2012-05-31 Cataphora, Inc. Continuous anomaly detection based on behavior modeling and heterogeneous information analysis
US9171541B2 (en) 2009-11-10 2015-10-27 Voicebox Technologies Corporation System and method for hybrid processing in a natural language voice services environment
WO2011059997A1 (en) 2009-11-10 2011-05-19 Voicebox Technologies, Inc. System and method for providing a natural language content dedication service
US8712759B2 (en) 2009-11-13 2014-04-29 Clausal Computing Oy Specializing disambiguation of a natural language expression
KR101960835B1 (ko) 2009-11-24 2019-03-21 삼성전자주식회사 대화 로봇을 이용한 일정 관리 시스템 및 그 방법
US8396888B2 (en) 2009-12-04 2013-03-12 Google Inc. Location-based searching using a search area that corresponds to a geographical location of a computing device
KR101622111B1 (ko) 2009-12-11 2016-05-18 삼성전자 주식회사 대화 시스템 및 그의 대화 방법
US20110161309A1 (en) 2009-12-29 2011-06-30 Lx1 Technology Limited Method Of Sorting The Result Set Of A Search Engine
US8494852B2 (en) 2010-01-05 2013-07-23 Google Inc. Word-level correction of speech input
US8334842B2 (en) 2010-01-15 2012-12-18 Microsoft Corporation Recognizing user intent in motion capture system
US8626511B2 (en) 2010-01-22 2014-01-07 Google Inc. Multi-dimensional disambiguation of voice commands
US20110218855A1 (en) 2010-03-03 2011-09-08 Platformation, Inc. Offering Promotions Based on Query Analysis
US8265928B2 (en) 2010-04-14 2012-09-11 Google Inc. Geotagged environmental audio for enhanced speech recognition accuracy
US20110279368A1 (en) 2010-05-12 2011-11-17 Microsoft Corporation Inferring user intent to engage a motion capture system
US8694313B2 (en) 2010-05-19 2014-04-08 Google Inc. Disambiguation of contact information using historical data
US8522283B2 (en) 2010-05-20 2013-08-27 Google Inc. Television remote control data transfer
US8468012B2 (en) 2010-05-26 2013-06-18 Google Inc. Acoustic model adaptation using geographic information
US20110306426A1 (en) 2010-06-10 2011-12-15 Microsoft Corporation Activity Participation Based On User Intent
US8234111B2 (en) 2010-06-14 2012-07-31 Google Inc. Speech and noise models for speech recognition
US8411874B2 (en) 2010-06-30 2013-04-02 Google Inc. Removing noise from audio
US8775156B2 (en) 2010-08-05 2014-07-08 Google Inc. Translating languages in response to device motion
US8473289B2 (en) * 2010-08-06 2013-06-25 Google Inc. Disambiguating input based on context
US8359020B2 (en) 2010-08-06 2013-01-22 Google Inc. Automatically monitoring for voice input based on context
CN102651217A (zh) * 2011-02-25 2012-08-29 株式会社东芝 用于合成语音的方法、设备以及用于语音合成的声学模型训练方法
WO2012148904A1 (en) 2011-04-25 2012-11-01 Veveo, Inc. System and method for an intelligent personal timeline assistant

Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2007004633A (ja) * 2005-06-24 2007-01-11 Microsoft Corp 言語モデル作成装置およびそれにより作成された言語モデルを使用する言語処理装置

Cited By (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN104239289A (zh) * 2013-06-24 2014-12-24 富士通株式会社 音节划分方法和音节划分设备
CN104239289B (zh) * 2013-06-24 2017-08-29 富士通株式会社 音节划分方法和音节划分设备
CN103455621A (zh) * 2013-09-12 2013-12-18 金蝶软件（中国）有限公司 一种物流运单号的解析方法、装置和系统
CN103455621B (zh) * 2013-09-12 2018-07-06 深圳前海百递网络有限公司 一种物流运单号的解析方法、装置和系统
US9711138B2 (en) 2013-10-18 2017-07-18 Via Technologies, Inc. Method for building language model, speech recognition method and electronic apparatus
CN111026844A (zh) * 2019-12-04 2020-04-17 河北数云堂智能科技有限公司 一种识别数字串读法的方法及装置
CN111026844B (zh) * 2019-12-04 2023-08-01 河北数云堂智能科技有限公司 一种识别数字串读法的方法及装置

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
KR101435265B1 (ko) 2014-08-28
US20130041647A1 (en) 2013-02-14
KR20130018205A (ko) 2013-02-20
JP2013065284A (ja) 2013-04-11
JP2015038731A (ja) 2015-02-26
US8706472B2 (en) 2014-04-22
CN102982021B (zh) 2015-08-26
JP5997217B2 (ja) 2016-09-28

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
CN102982021B (zh) 用于消除语言转换中的多个读法的歧义的方法
CN101133411B (zh) 非罗马字符的容错罗马化输入方法
CN108124477B (zh) 基于伪数据改进分词器以处理自然语言
Benajiba et al. Arabic named entity recognition: A feature-driven study
US8386240B2 (en) Domain dictionary creation by detection of new topic words using divergence value comparison
US8463598B2 (en) Word detection
CN103970798B (zh) 数据的搜索和匹配
Beinborn et al. Cognate production using character-based machine translation
JP2011018330A (ja) 統計的な方法を用いて漢字を自国語の発音列に変換するシステムおよび方法
CN105210057B (zh) 多语言商业标记管理以及音译合成
CN104239289B (zh) 音节划分方法和音节划分设备
KR102552811B1 (ko) 클라우드 기반 문법 교정 서비스 제공 시스템
WO2009026850A1 (en) Domain dictionary creation
KR102220894B1 (ko) 통계 데이터베이스의 데이터를 대화형으로 제공하는 질의 답변 시스템
Jain et al. “UTTAM” An Efficient Spelling Correction System for Hindi Language Based on Supervised Learning
Josan et al. A Punjabi to Hindi machine transliteration system
CN111259262A (zh) 一种信息检索方法、装置、设备及介质
Tursun et al. Noisy Uyghur text normalization
Uthayamoorthy et al. Ddspell-a data driven spell checker and suggestion generator for the tamil language
Jamro Sindhi language processing: A survey
Muhamad et al. Proposal: A hybrid dictionary modelling approach for malay tweet normalization
de Mendonça Almeida et al. Evaluating phonetic spellers for user-generated content in Brazilian Portuguese
CN111814433B (zh) 一种维吾尔语实体识别的方法、装置和电子设备
CN114861669A (zh) 一种融入拼音信息的中文实体链接方法
Núñez et al. Phonetic normalization for machine translation of user generated content

Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
C06 Publication
PB01 Publication
C10 Entry into substantive examination
SE01 Entry into force of request for substantive examination
C14 Grant of patent or utility model
GR01 Patent grant
CF01 Termination of patent right due to non-payment of annual fee

Granted publication date: 20150826

CF01 Termination of patent right due to non-payment of annual fee