CN102954497B - 便携式生物质炊事炉 - Google Patents
便携式生物质炊事炉 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN102954497B CN102954497B CN201210463328.8A CN201210463328A CN102954497B CN 102954497 B CN102954497 B CN 102954497B CN 201210463328 A CN201210463328 A CN 201210463328A CN 102954497 B CN102954497 B CN 102954497B
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- stove
- air
- burner hearth
- cooking stove
- feed inlet
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
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- 238000010411 cooking Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 20
- 239000002028 Biomass Substances 0.000 title abstract description 8
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000000875 corresponding Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 abstract description 22
- 239000000779 smoke Substances 0.000 abstract description 7
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 description 17
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 3
- 210000000481 Breast Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 229920002456 HOTAIR Polymers 0.000 description 1
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N carbon Chemical compound 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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02B—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
- Y02B40/00—Technologies aiming at improving the efficiency of home appliances, e.g. induction cooking or efficient technologies for refrigerators, freezers or dish washers
Abstract
本发明涉及一种便携式生物质炊事炉，包括炉体和设置于炉体内部的炉膛以及与炉膛上部连通的烟道，炉膛一侧连通添料口，添料口上连接有炉门，炉膛下部是开设有与外界大气连接的一次空气孔的炉桥，在炉膛的壁上设置有若干二次配气孔。本发明通过合理分配一、二次空气，使燃料燃烧充分，具有操作简单、节能高效、环保等特点，采用活动炉门使燃料适应更广泛。本发明结构简单，小巧轻便，无需外接烟管或风机，适合作为户用炊事以及户外野炊等用途。
Description
技术领域
[0001] 本发明涉及一种固体燃料的家用炉，特别是涉及一种便携式生物质炊事炉。
背景技术
[0002] 随着农业和林业的发展，生物质资源将越来越多，当前利用生物质能的主要问题是能量利用率很低，使用上也很不合理，造成资源的巨大浪费，如农村一直利用传统的土灶燃烧柴禾、秸杆，燃烧效率低而且劳动强度大，也给环境造成破坏。
[0003] 近年来，生物质炉具有了较大的发展，市场上也出现了一些便携式生物质炉具，利用炉体内炉膛上部设置烟道，从而取代了传统炉具的风机或是烟管，小巧轻便、制作简单，然而其也忽视了一个非常重要的问题，那就是如何有效改善燃烧、提升燃料燃烧热效率。通常炉膛连通添料口，添料口直接敞开或是设置炉门。添料口敞开燃烧时，没有控制从门口进入的二次空气，太多的冷空气冷却了火焰，降低了炉膛温度，致使燃料燃烧不充分，烟尘排放高；用炉门关闭添料口燃烧时，由于没有足够的空气助燃，使燃料燃烧不充分，降低了热效率。
发明内容
[0004] 本发明的目的是提供一种不需外接烟管或风机，小巧轻便、适合各种场所，能就地取柴，可利用各种秸杆、树枝等生物质燃料尤其是长条形燃料直接投入燃烧，燃烧充分、高效节能，使用方便的便携式生物质炊事炉。
[0005] 本发明是通过以下的技术方案来实现的。
[0006] 一种便携式生物质炊事炉，包括炉体和设置于炉体内部的炉膛以及与炉膛上部连通的烟道，炉体内装有保温材料，炉体上部放置有锅支架，炉膛一侧连通添料口，添料口上连接有炉门，炉膛下部是开设有与外界大气连接的一次空气孔的炉桥，在炉膛的壁上设置有若干二次配气孔，所述二次配气孔通过二次风道连接外界大气。通过在炉膛内输送适合的一、二次空气进行助燃，使燃料燃烧充分，从而提升炉具燃烧性能和使用性能。
[0007] 本发明还可以通过以下技术措施来进一步实现。
[0008] 所述炉膛的壁上的若干二次配气孔可以设置于炉膛的侧壁和\或顶壁上，优先设置于炉膛的顶壁上，由于燃料在炉膛内是从上往下燃烧，空气从二次配气孔直接喷至燃料燃烧层的上表面，空气混合更均匀，燃料燃烧更充分，提升热效率。
[0009] 采用长条形的燃料可能超出炉膛从添料口处伸出，炉门无法完全关闭，燃烧时在添料口处也会补充一部分二次空气，为了更好的燃烧工况，将二次配气孔设置于除添料口方向的炉膛壁上，使二次配气孔和添料口处进入的空气互不影响，燃料在炉膛内正常燃烧。当使用普通燃料时，在关闭的炉门上设置炉门进气孔，从而也不会影响助燃空气的补给和正常燃烧。
[0010] 本发明中的炉门可以是可拆卸的，也可以是与添料口连接在一起的，例如与添料口铰接的侧开门或是上开门，优先采用上开门，而且炉门还具有两侧边。上开门结构使炉门通过重力自然下落将添料口关闭或是落在长条形的燃料上，以及门的两侧边，均可以将添料口敞开面积缩减至最小，减少此处空气的进入，提供适合的二次空气补给。
[0011] 所述炉桥的一次空气孔对应于二次配气孔位于远离添料口的炉膛靠里一侧，改变了传统的与烟道同心设置，燃料在炉膛最深处燃烧，并且一、二次空气配比恰当及混合均匀，便于控制火力大小且燃料在木炭燃烧阶段燃烧充分，同时在燃烧过程中添加燃料也不会影响正常燃烧。
[0012] 所述二次风道紧贴炉膛外壁，空气在二次风道内利用炉膛余热进行预热再进入炉膛助燃，不会冷却火焰，更利于充分燃烧。
[0013] 炉体下部有底座，底座开有进气孔，所述二次风道连通底座，使二次风道的进气口更隐蔽，避免在炉体外壳上开孔，使得炉具外形更美观。
[0014] 烟道的作用就是利用烟囱效应的热空气上升的原理，从上部排出热烟气，外面的新鲜冷空气从入口被卷入，增加了燃料燃烧所需要的氧气，使燃料更加充分的燃烧，增强火势。烟道太短无抽力，太长会增加炉具的整体高度而且散失的热量也多，降低热效率，因而本发明的烟道的长径比为1.3〜2.4:1。
[0015] 本发明的便携式生物质炊事炉，在炉膛内设置烟道取代了外接烟管或风机，通过合理分配一、二次空气，使燃料燃烧充分，具有操作简单、热效率高、燃烧无灰尘、烟气排放少、无异味无焦油等特点，采用活动炉门使燃料适应更广泛。本发明结构简单，小巧轻便，适合作为户用炊事以及户外野炊等用途。
附图说明
[0016] 图1是便携式生物质炊事炉的剖视结构示意图。
[0017] 图2是图1 A-A向剖视示意图。
具体实施方式
[0018] 下面结合附图对本发明作进一步详细说明:
[0019] 如图1、图2所示，一种便携式生物质炊事炉，包括炉体2和设置于炉体2内部的炉膛5，炉膛5采用简单的方形结构，炉膛5上部连通圆筒形的烟道3，烟道3的长径比取1.6:1，炉体2内装有保温材料，保温材料采用膨胀珍珠岩，炉体2上部放置有用于支撑炊具并防止炊具底部完全封闭烟道3的锅支架I，使热烟气能够散发加热炊具并使烟道3形成抽力。炉膛5 —侧连通添料口 7，添料口 7上铰接有上开式的炉门6，图中为部分打开状态，炉门6开设有炉门进气孔11，还具有两侧边。炉膛5下部装有炉桥8，炉桥8开设有一次空气孔12，炉桥8与炉膛5的底板形成一次风道连接外界大气。在炉桥8下一次风道内可安装抽拉式积灰盒，可以接灰以及通过抽拉积灰盒控制一次空气的进气量，图中未画出。在炉膛2的顶壁上设置有若干二次配气孔13，所述二次配气孔13均匀分布于炉膛2的除添料口方向的顶壁上，炉桥8的一次空气孔12对应于二次配气孔13位于远离添料口的炉膛靠里一侧即炉膛深处。所述二次配气孔13通过二次风道4连接外界大气，二次风道4紧贴炉膛2的外壁，连通底座9，底座9位于炉体2下部，其侧壁开有进气孔10。
Claims (6)
1.一种便携式生物质炊事炉，包括炉体和设置于炉体内部的炉膛以及与炉膛上部连通的烟道，炉体内装有保温材料，炉体上部放置有锅支架，炉膛一侧连通添料口，添料口上连接有炉门，炉膛下部是开设有与外界大气连接的一次空气孔的炉桥，炉膛的壁上设置有若干二次配气孔，所述二次配气孔通过二次风道连接外界大气，其特征在于所述炉门开设有炉门进气孔，所述二次配气孔位于除添料口方向的炉膛壁上，所述炉桥的一次空气孔对应于二次配气孔位于远离添料口的炉膛靠里一侧。
2.根据权利要求1所述的便携式生物质炊事炉，其特征在于所述二次配气孔位于炉膛的顶壁上。
3.根据权利要求1所述的便携式生物质炊事炉，其特征在于所述炉门是与添料口铰接并具有两侧边的上开门。
4.根据权利要求1所述的便携式生物质炊事炉，其特征在于所述二次风道紧贴炉膛外壁。
5.根据权利要求1或4所述的便携式生物质炊事炉，其特征在于炉体下部有底座，底座开有进气孔，所述二次风道连通底座。
6.根据权利要求1所述的便携式生物质炊事炉，其特征在于所述烟道的长径比为.1.3 〜2.4:1。
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| EP2463559A1 (de) * | 2010-12-06 | 2012-06-13 | Karl Stefan Riener | Biomassefeuerung mit Luftstellelementsicherung |
| CN202109528U (zh) * | 2011-06-28 | 2012-01-11 | 沈桀 | 农用秸秆气化炉 |
| CN202419711U (zh) * | 2011-12-27 | 2012-09-05 | 湖南飞鹰新能源科技有限公司 | 一种大炉膛生物质燃烧器 |
| CN102748780A (zh) * | 2012-07-18 | 2012-10-24 | 沈桀 | 一种便携式生物质野炊烤火炉 |
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