CN102921714A - Technique for planting mycorrhiza plant root bags in heavy metal contaminated soil - Google Patents
Technique for planting mycorrhiza plant root bags in heavy metal contaminated soil Download PDFInfo
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- CN102921714A CN102921714A CN2012104291882A CN201210429188A CN102921714A CN 102921714 A CN102921714 A CN 102921714A CN 2012104291882 A CN2012104291882 A CN 2012104291882A CN 201210429188 A CN201210429188 A CN 201210429188A CN 102921714 A CN102921714 A CN 102921714A
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Abstract
The invention relates to the field of environmental protection and provides a novel planting method for revegetation in heavy metal contaminated places. The method is particularly suitable for revegetation in heavy metal contaminated soil which is obviously toxic for plant growth. Heavy metal in high-concentration heavy metal contaminated soil is quite toxic for plants, therefore the plants grow slowly or cannot survive, however, a large-scale earth covering technique requires for a large amount externally-aided covering soil and high project operation cost. According to the technique, a transplanting method of a root bag with soil is adopted, a small amount of non-contaminated soil is placed inside the root bag, a mycorrhiza plant is grown in the root bag, the root bag containing the soil and the plant is transplanted to the contaminated soil, therefore biomass and viability of the plant can be improved remarkably, the effects on absorbing and fixing soil heavy mental can be improved simultaneously, and the technique is particularly suitable for vegetation cover in high-concentration heavy metal contaminated soil which is obviously toxic for the plants.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to field of environment protection, is the novel plant implantation methods that a kind of heavy metal pollution ground carries out revegetation, is particularly useful for plant growth is had the phytoremediation of the heavy-metal contaminated soil of obvious murder by poisoning.
Background technology
At present, the important component part of the ecological environment that soil is depended on for existence as the mankind is on the rise by heavy metal pollution.The whole world is discharged approximately 1.5 ten thousand tons of Hg, ten thousand tons of Cu340, ten thousand tons of Pb500, ten thousand tons of Mn1500, ten thousand tons of Ni100 every year on average.China's heavy metal pollution of soil is also quite serious, is discharged into toxic heavy metal in the environment every year up to millions of tons, and wherein Pb is 34.6 ten thousand tons, and Cd is 3.9 ten thousand tons (Nriagu and Pacyna, 1988).
Current, China's regional agriculture ecological deterioration and agricultural product heavy metal pollution phenomenon are very serious, particularly in some developed areas.At present, the whole nation cultivated area that suffers to pollute in various degree is near 2000 * 10
4Hm
2, account for 1/5 of cultivated area.According to statistics, China's industrial triwaste pollution cultivated area 266.7 * 10 in 1980
4Hm
2, be increased to 666.7 * 10 in 1988
4Hm
2, be increased to 1000 * 10 in 1992
4Hm
2(from, 2000).Ministry of Agriculture investigation shows: China's dirty irrigated area area approximately 140 * 10
4h
2, suffer the land area of heavy metal pollution to account for 64.8% of the pollution gross area, wherein slight pollution accounts for 46.7%, and intermediate pollution accounts for 9.7%, and the severe contamination area accounts for 8.4%, and is wherein maximum with the contaminated area of Hg and Cd.The whole nation approximately has 1.3 * 10 at present
4h
2The arable land is subject to the pollution of Cd, relates to 25 areas (Chen Huaiman, 1996) of 11 provinces and cities.It is reported, at present there is Cd content severe overweight in the rice that 11 places produce in the dirty irrigated area of China.For example, Jiangxi Province county nearly 44% arable land is polluted, and forms " cadmium rice " district (Li Lujiu, 2004) of 670hm2.China surpasses 1000 * 10 because of the grain drop in production that heavy metal pollution causes
4T/a, contaminated by heavy metals grain approximately 1200 * 10
4T/a adds up to approximately 20,000,000,000 yuan/a (Wei Chaoyang, 2001) of economic loss.Therefore, the regulation in heavy metal pollution soil and improvement have become the top priority that China improved the ecological environment, ensured people's life health.
Heavy metal pollution of soil is administered and mainly to be adopted the engineering measures such as physics, chemistry, but these methods engineering amounts greatly, complicated operation, somewhat expensive, some is solving practical problems fundamentally, easily causes secondary pollution.People find in research afterwards, and that phytoremediation has efficiently, invests is low, easy to operate, do not cause the advantages such as secondary pollution, provides an important reparation and governance way for fundamentally solving heavy metal pollution of soil.At the beginning of the eighties in last century, Bradley (1981) etc. find when investigation Britain mining area plant, and in the very high mining area of metal especially content of beary metal, it is good that mycorrhizal plants is grown than non-mycorrhizal plants.Article has been opened the frontier of mycorrhizal plants preventing from heavy metal research after NATURE delivers, also pulled open and utilized mycorrhizal plants to carry out the prelude that heavy metal pollution ground is repaired.Many scientists, especially ecology and physiologist study the metabolism and growth reaction of mycorrhizal plants under the Heavy-metal Polluted Environment, inquire under excessive heavy metal stress environment, mycorhiza is to possible protective effect and mechanism (Denny, 1995 of host plant; Diaz, 1996; Hartley, 1997), thereby for carrying out soil remediation, the application mycorrhizal plants provides fundamental basis.
Up to the present, people use that a lot of methods fix, enrichment, the excessive heavy metal copper of transfer, cadmium, and wherein use the mycorrhizal plants accumulation fixedly heavy metal be a practicality and have the method for potentiality.For example, yellow skill (2001) points out that exotrophic mycorrhiza can increase host plant to the accumulation of copper, the content decrease of its aerial part, and under ground portion content increases; Cu processing exotrophic mycorrhiza foot end Cu content is 2.6 times of sterilized root plant.Jentschke (1999) research finds that the Norway pine of inoculation Paxillus involutus can tolerate the Cd pollution of high concentration, and points out that mycorhiza has larger absorption and fixation to Cd.Therefore, utilize mycorrhizal plants to repair the heavy metal pollution ground such as copper, cadmium and have important using value.
The high concentration heavy-metal contaminated soil adopts the technology of extensive earthing often to need a large amount of foreign aid's mulching soils and expensive engineering running cost because heavy metal on plants has higher murder by poisoning, and therefore, plant often poor growth maybe can not survive.The present technique invention is the method by a kind of bag balled transplanting, by placing a small amount of uncontamination soil in the root bag, and in the root bag plantation Mycorrhizal plant, this root bag (containing soil and plant) is transplanted in the contaminated soil, can improve biomass and the survival ability of plant, improve simultaneously the effect of plant absorbing and fixing soil heavy metal.Be particularly useful for plant is had the phytoremediation of the high density pollution soil of obvious murder by poisoning.
Summary of the invention
The invention provides a kind of novel Mycorrhizal plant cover cultivation methods at heavy-metal contaminated soil.
Beneficial effect
The Mycorrhizal plant cover cultivation methods that the present invention adopts, in the root bag planting and inoculating Mycorrhizal pine tree of purple wax mushroom (Laccaria amethystea (bull.ExGray) Murr), the root bag is embedded in the Cu contaminated soil of variable concentrations.Potted plant experiment shows, mycorhiza can promote the growth of plant, the impact that makes the biomass of plant remain on a higher level and not poisoned by the outer Copper in Contaminated Soil of root bag.Although the velamen of plant is limited in the root bag, but, thereby mycorhiza can pass the nutrient absorption scope that the root bag has enlarged plant, and the mycorhiza that passes the root bag can also activate and promote Cu to the transhipment of plant root, and the content of Cu in plant root, stem and needle all improves with the increase of extraneous Cu concentration.Illustrate, adopt this technology, can improve the plant life ability of plant on the high concentration copper polluted soil, and improve the effect of plant fixing soil heavy metal, reduce the diffusion mobility of Heavy Metals in Soil Contaminated.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 experimental provision sketch
Fig. 2 phytomass
The total Cu accumulation of Fig. 3
Fig. 4 overground part phosphorus content
Fig. 5 root system phosphorus content
The specific embodiment
The pure culture of 1 exotrophic mycorrhiza
The purple wax mushroom of ectotrophic mycorrhiza (Laccaria amethystea (bu.Ex Gray) Murr) is (LA) by this laboratory preservation.(1) is down flat plate the MMN culture medium is configured, mix, be down flat plate behind the high pressure steam sterilization.The MMN culture medium prescription is: maltose 3g, glucose 10g, (NH
4) HPO
40.25g, KH
2PO
40.5g, MgSO
47H
2O0.15g,, CaCl
20.05g, FeCl
36H2O0.02g, NaCl0.025g, VB10.1mMg, agar 13g.
(2) cutting single bacterium piece, to choose the MMN that has inoculated LA dull and stereotyped, cuts out the fritter of 5mm * 5mm at colony edge, in back-off and the new MMN flat board, and sealing, 25 ℃ of cultivations 1 month are stand-by.
Obtaining of 2 Mycorrhizal plants
(1) grows seedlings Korean pine (Pinus koraiensis S.) seed with 30% H
2O
2Sterilize and rinse well with deionized water after 30 minutes, be seeded in afterwards in the vermiculite, 25 ℃ of 8 weeks of cultivation are stand-by.
(2) Mycorrhizal is placed a filter paper and is spread the volcanic ash of 1cm thickness in basin alms bowl bottom: rural area soil=1: 1 mixed-matrix.Stromal surface is placed the LA bacterium colony of having grown about month.The pine tree seedling of having grown about 8 weeks is wiped out the part lateral root, and its root is contacted with bacterium colony, fills up mixed-matrix all around, microscopy after the Mycorrhizal three months.
The detection of 3 Mycorrhizal plants
Put a clean dull and stereotyped the inside on the Stereo microscope monitor station and hold the 15ml deionized water, the Korean Pine Seedlings after the Mycorrhizal three months is placed flat board, the lateral root that the statistics mycorhiza infects and total lateral root number, infection rate are the lateral root number that infects of mycorhiza/total lateral root number.Choose infection rate and carry out following test greater than 90% Mycorrhizal seedling.
The preparation of 4Cu contaminated soil
The artificial CuSO that adds 0,1.25,2.5,5.010.0mg/ml
4Solution is in volcanic ash, and making the Cu concentration in the soil is 0,375,750,1500,3000mg/kg, mixes.5 kinds of 121 ℃ of sterilizations of soil 120min that Cu processes divide after the cooling to install in five plastic tub alms bowls every basin 550g.
5 bagging apparatus
The bottom of 50ml centrifuge tube amputates, the nylon wire in 2 layers of 40m aperture on the whorl side pad, so the root of plant can't pass nylon wire, and mycorhiza can pass.Transplant two strain Mycorrhizal seedling (infection rate is near 100%) in every pipe centrifuge tube, fill the free of contamination andosol of 40g all around.5 basins Cu contaminated soil basin alms bowl is in various degree placed respectively 3 pipe nylon wire centrifuge tubes.
Identical with the nylon wire centrifuge tube, other 5 pipe centrifuge tubes cut away the bottom equally, and whorl side does not fill up nylon wire, tightens with lid.Every pipe centrifuge tube is transplanted 2 strain Mycorrhizal seedling, fills the free of contamination andosol of 40g on every side.5 basins Cu contaminated soil basin alms bowl is in various degree placed respectively 1 pipe control group centrifuge tube.
The results of 6 plants and metal assay
The 120th day results plant behind plant transplantation, plant washed with de-ionized water root is divided into overground part and root system afterwards.Dried 72 hours and weighed for 80 ℃, grinding sieves makes particle less than 1mm.
The assay method of Cu content in the sample: the plant sample of oven dry grinds mixing with agate mortar, taking by weighing plant dry sample 0.2000g places to disappear and boils pipe, (V: V=87: 13) mixed liquor disappears and boils (Zhao etc. with HNO3-HClO4,1994), analytikjena-nova400 flame atomic absorption spectrophotometer (AAS) is measured Cu content.In the analytic process, the standard specimen NIST (SRM2709) that firmly believes with American National Standard and technological associations boils for disappearing as the part of QA/QC.Be provided with suitable blank in the experiment also and repeat with detection accuracy and accuracy.The heavy metal rate of recovery of standard soil sample (NIST SRM2709) will be controlled in 90 ± 5% scopes.Analyze agents useful for same and all adopt top grade pure, institute's water is deionized water.
Fig. 2 shown in the Cu contaminated soil, the dry weight of the plant of Ectomycorrhizal Inoculation bacterium plant overground part and root system under variable concentrations Cu processes.As can be seen from Figure, the Cu of five kinds of concentration processes the lower plant seedling that cuts off with nylon wire, and the upperground part biomass all is higher than control group, is respectively 1.97,1.94,1.95,2.24,2.22 times of contrast; The biomass of the root system of Mycorrhizal seedling also is higher than control group, compared with the control, weight of root system respectively higher by 38.4% than contrast, 17.9%, 43.4%, 47.9%, 14.3%, the growth that visible root bag cuts off the Mycorrhizal seedling has facilitation.
By Fig. 3 and table 1 as can be known, the Cu total amount that absorbs of the Mycorrhizal shoot root system that processes of root bag is significantly higher than the Cu that control group Mycorrhizal shoot root system absorbs.This mainly is because mycelia can see through nylon wire, enlarges the absorption region of Cu, and is more obvious in high concentration Cu contaminated soil.
Impact (the μ gpot that total Cu that the root bag absorbs Mycorrhizal pine tree seedling in the table 1 varying level copper polluted soil measures
-1)
Numerical value is the mean value ± standard deviation of three repetitions.The letter of numerical value back (a, b, c) represents then that as identical two values do not have difference in P＜0.05 level; Letter is different, and there were significant differences on P＜0.05 level then to represent two values.
7 connect the bacterium processing to the impact of plant absorbing P
Phosphorus content is with reference to Shi Rui and and the method for Bao Shidan (1980) in the plant.Get approximately 0.1g of plant dry sample, add the HClO of 1ml50%
4With the dense H of 5mL
2SO
4, spend the night after shaking up, boil in disappearing to disappear in the stove again and boil, boil liquid and become colorless until disappear, is settled to 25mL with deionized water after the cooling, shake up and leave standstill.Get 1mL and disappear and boil liquid, add the 10mL deionized water, 2 2,4-DNP nitrite ions are used 4molL
-1NaOH transfer to till the firm appearance yellow, use again 2molL
-1H
2SO
4Transfer to colourless.Add the anti-reagent of 2.5mL molybdenum antimony (ammonium molybdate+potassium antimony tartrate ten ascorbic acid), be settled to 25mL with deionized water, shake up, reaction 30min measures light absorption value under the 700n wavelength, boil liquid as blank not add disappearing of sample.To analyze pure KH
2PO
4As standard sample production standard curve.
The root bag absorbs the impact of Pi in the table 2 varying level copper polluted soil on Mycorrhizal pine tree seedling
The letter of numerical value back (a, b, c) represents then that as identical two values do not have difference in P＜0.05 level; Letter is different, and there were significant differences on P＜0.05 level then to represent two values.
Be significantly higher than the Pi amount that control group Mycorrhizal shoot root system absorbs by the Mycorrhizal seedling overground part of Fig. 4 Fig. 5 and as seen from Table 2 root bag processing and the Pi total amount of Root Absorption.This mainly is because mycelia can see through nylon wire, enlarges the absorption region of Pi.Ectotrophic mycorrhiza can promote plant to the absorption of Pi, and this may be the major reason of its Promoting plant growth.
The present embodiment shows: the root bag can promote the Mycorrhizal seedling in the growth on heavy metal pollution ground significantly.Pot experiment shows.Mycorhiza can see through Cu and the P that nylon wire absorbs outside contamination soil, promotes significantly plant overground part and Root growth, helps the field planting of the plant on heavy metal pollution ground.
Claims (3)
1. mycorrhizal plants root bag planting technology that is used for heavy-metal contaminated soil, it is characterized in that: the root bag is to make with the nylon wire in 25 to 40 μ m apertures, volume 1 rises to 5 liters and does not wait, and is equipped with in the root bag plant growth nonhazardous uncontamination soil.The plant of plantation Mycorrhizal in the root bag, the root system of plant can't pass nylon wire, and the Applying Ectomycorrhizal Fungi mycelia can pass through.This root bag cave cultivation is transplanted in the heavy-metal contaminated soil.
2. claimed in claim 1 bagging apparatus is in the application of auxiliary plant in the heavy-metal contaminated soil growth.
3. application according to claim 2, the Applying Ectomycorrhizal Fungi that it is characterized in that described inoculation be purple wax mushroom (Laccaria amethystea (bull.Ex Gray) Murr) etc. can with the Applying Ectomycorrhizal Fungi of trees symbiosis, the plant of inoculation is to form with Applying Ectomycorrhizal Fungi pine tree, robur, willow of symbiosis etc.
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Cited By (9)
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| CN103861865A (en) * | 2014-03-04 | 2014-06-18 | 张菁菁 | Method for repairing contaminated soil by using natural pore soil-conserving and planting device |
| CN104174641A (en) * | 2014-08-19 | 2014-12-03 | 四川达沃斯生态环保科技有限公司 | Heavy metal contaminated soil remediation device and isolated remediation method |
| CN104597107A (en) * | 2014-12-31 | 2015-05-06 | 中国矿业大学 | Field controlled experiment method for simulating soil-crop heavy metal migration |
| CN105772501A (en) * | 2016-04-29 | 2016-07-20 | 浙江博世华环保科技有限公司 | Phytoremediation method for underground soil pollution |
| CN105923777A (en) * | 2016-04-29 | 2016-09-07 | 浙江博世华环保科技有限公司 | Phytoremediation method of groundwater pollution |
| CN107616096A (en) * | 2017-11-08 | 2018-01-23 | 南京林业大学 | A kind of aseptic pine seedlings cultural method |
| CN108856264A (en) * | 2018-06-28 | 2018-11-23 | 上海环境工程设计研究院有限公司 | A kind of Compound Heavy Metals phytoremediation for soil method |
| CN109127686A (en) * | 2018-07-31 | 2019-01-04 | 湖南省园林建设有限公司 | Heavy-metal contaminated soil mycorrhizal plants root bag implantation methods |
| CN110313390A (en) * | 2019-08-02 | 2019-10-11 | 金埔园林股份有限公司 | Utilize the method for Applying Ectomycorrhizal Fungi auxiliary black pine improvement heavy-metal contaminated soil |
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| CN103861865A (en) * | 2014-03-04 | 2014-06-18 | 张菁菁 | Method for repairing contaminated soil by using natural pore soil-conserving and planting device |
| CN103861865B (en) * | 2014-03-04 | 2016-03-02 | 张菁菁 | A kind of method utilizing natural void soil conservation fixing device repairing polluted soil |
| CN104174641A (en) * | 2014-08-19 | 2014-12-03 | 四川达沃斯生态环保科技有限公司 | Heavy metal contaminated soil remediation device and isolated remediation method |
| CN104174641B (en) * | 2014-08-19 | 2016-03-16 | 四川达沃斯生态环保科技有限公司 | A kind of heavy-metal contaminated soil prosthetic device and isolation restorative procedure |
| CN104597107A (en) * | 2014-12-31 | 2015-05-06 | 中国矿业大学 | Field controlled experiment method for simulating soil-crop heavy metal migration |
| CN105923777A (en) * | 2016-04-29 | 2016-09-07 | 浙江博世华环保科技有限公司 | Phytoremediation method of groundwater pollution |
| CN105772501A (en) * | 2016-04-29 | 2016-07-20 | 浙江博世华环保科技有限公司 | Phytoremediation method for underground soil pollution |
| CN105772501B (en) * | 2016-04-29 | 2019-01-25 | 浙江博世华环保科技有限公司 | A kind of plant restoration method of underground pollution |
| CN105923777B (en) * | 2016-04-29 | 2019-03-05 | 浙江博世华环保科技有限公司 | A kind of plant restoration method of underground water pollution |
| CN107616096A (en) * | 2017-11-08 | 2018-01-23 | 南京林业大学 | A kind of aseptic pine seedlings cultural method |
| CN108856264A (en) * | 2018-06-28 | 2018-11-23 | 上海环境工程设计研究院有限公司 | A kind of Compound Heavy Metals phytoremediation for soil method |
| CN109127686A (en) * | 2018-07-31 | 2019-01-04 | 湖南省园林建设有限公司 | Heavy-metal contaminated soil mycorrhizal plants root bag implantation methods |
| CN110313390A (en) * | 2019-08-02 | 2019-10-11 | 金埔园林股份有限公司 | Utilize the method for Applying Ectomycorrhizal Fungi auxiliary black pine improvement heavy-metal contaminated soil |
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