CN102919602A - Poultry feed and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Poultry feed and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN102919602A CN102919602A CN201210448432XA CN201210448432A CN102919602A CN 102919602 A CN102919602 A CN 102919602A CN 201210448432X A CN201210448432X A CN 201210448432XA CN 201210448432 A CN201210448432 A CN 201210448432A CN 102919602 A CN102919602 A CN 102919602A
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- 244000144977 poultry Species 0.000 title claims abstract description 46
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 17
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 42
- 150000004676 glycans Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 41
- 229920001282 polysaccharide Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 41
- 239000005017 polysaccharide Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 41
- 239000006228 supernatant Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 38
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 30
- 102000004169 proteins and genes Human genes 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- 108090000623 proteins and genes Proteins 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- 238000001556 precipitation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 235000019750 Crude protein Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- VTYYLEPIZMXCLO-UHFFFAOYSA-L Calcium carbonate Chemical compound [Ca+2].[O-]C([O-])=O VTYYLEPIZMXCLO-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- JVTAAEKCZFNVCJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N lactic acid Chemical compound CC(O)C(O)=O JVTAAEKCZFNVCJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 240000008042 Zea mays Species 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 235000005824 Zea mays ssp. parviglumis Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 235000002017 Zea mays subsp mays Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 9
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 7
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- 235000010081 allicin Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 229910000019 calcium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 239000008103 glucose Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 239000004310 lactic acid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 235000014655 lactic acid Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- JDLKFOPOAOFWQN-VIFPVBQESA-N Allicin Natural products C=CCS[S@](=O)CC=C JDLKFOPOAOFWQN-VIFPVBQESA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- JDLKFOPOAOFWQN-UHFFFAOYSA-N allicin Chemical compound C=CCSS(=O)CC=C JDLKFOPOAOFWQN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- VLKZOEOYAKHREP-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-Hexane Chemical compound CCCCCC VLKZOEOYAKHREP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 50
- 241000195493 Cryptophyta Species 0.000 claims description 23
- 102000004190 Enzymes Human genes 0.000 claims description 21
- 108090000790 Enzymes Proteins 0.000 claims description 21
- 229940088598 enzyme Drugs 0.000 claims description 21
- FRXSZNDVFUDTIR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 6-methoxy-1,2,3,4-tetrahydroquinoline Chemical compound N1CCCC2=CC(OC)=CC=C21 FRXSZNDVFUDTIR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000002244 precipitate Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium chloride Chemical compound [Na+].[Cl-] FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 10
- 241000195649 Chlorella <Chlorellales> Species 0.000 claims description 9
- 230000009514 concussion Effects 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000000725 suspension Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 108091005804 Peptidases Proteins 0.000 claims description 7
- 102100037486 Reverse transcriptase/ribonuclease H Human genes 0.000 claims description 7
- 101000693530 Staphylococcus aureus Staphylokinase Proteins 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000003513 alkali Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 235000013312 flour Nutrition 0.000 claims description 7
- 240000002900 Arthrospira platensis Species 0.000 claims description 6
- 235000016425 Arthrospira platensis Nutrition 0.000 claims description 6
- 244000046052 Phaseolus vulgaris Species 0.000 claims description 6
- 235000010627 Phaseolus vulgaris Nutrition 0.000 claims description 6
- 229940082787 spirulina Drugs 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000011573 trace mineral Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 235000013619 trace mineral Nutrition 0.000 claims description 6
- 241000894006 Bacteria Species 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000011780 sodium chloride Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 108010059892 Cellulase Proteins 0.000 claims description 4
- 229940106157 cellulase Drugs 0.000 claims description 4
- 229920002678 cellulose Polymers 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000001913 cellulose Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000001186 cumulative effect Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000004151 Calcium iodate Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 241000287828 Gallus gallus Species 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000004365 Protease Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- UHWJJLGTKIWIJO-UHFFFAOYSA-L calcium iodate Chemical compound [Ca+2].[O-]I(=O)=O.[O-]I(=O)=O UHWJJLGTKIWIJO-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000019390 calcium iodate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- GVPFVAHMJGGAJG-UHFFFAOYSA-L cobalt dichloride Chemical compound [Cl-].[Cl-].[Co+2] GVPFVAHMJGGAJG-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 3
- RUTXIHLAWFEWGM-UHFFFAOYSA-H iron(3+) sulfate Chemical compound [Fe+3].[Fe+3].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O.[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O.[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O RUTXIHLAWFEWGM-UHFFFAOYSA-H 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910000360 iron(III) sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 229940099596 manganese sulfate Drugs 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000011702 manganese sulphate Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000007079 manganese sulphate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- SQQMAOCOWKFBNP-UHFFFAOYSA-L manganese(II) sulfate Chemical compound [Mn+2].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O SQQMAOCOWKFBNP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000019419 proteases Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- NWONKYPBYAMBJT-UHFFFAOYSA-L zinc sulfate Chemical compound [Zn+2].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O NWONKYPBYAMBJT-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 3
- 229960001763 zinc sulfate Drugs 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910000368 zinc sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 241000272525 Anas platyrhynchos Species 0.000 claims description 2
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- 238000004108 freeze drying Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 abstract 6
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- 230000006920 protein precipitation Effects 0.000 abstract 2
- 235000019764 Soybean Meal Nutrition 0.000 abstract 1
- 230000003544 deproteinization Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000004615 ingredient Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000004455 soybean meal Substances 0.000 abstract 1
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- LRHPLDYGYMQRHN-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-Butanol Chemical compound CCCCO LRHPLDYGYMQRHN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 12
- HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[Na+] HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 9
- 206010010254 Concussion Diseases 0.000 description 7
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 7
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- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 6
- YNJBWRMUSHSURL-UHFFFAOYSA-N trichloroacetic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C(Cl)(Cl)Cl YNJBWRMUSHSURL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 238000005303 weighing Methods 0.000 description 6
- 235000012054 meals Nutrition 0.000 description 5
- 244000068988 Glycine max Species 0.000 description 3
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- PMZURENOXWZQFD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sodium Sulfate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O PMZURENOXWZQFD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 3
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000004061 bleaching Methods 0.000 description 3
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- XPFJYKARVSSRHE-UHFFFAOYSA-K trisodium;2-hydroxypropane-1,2,3-tricarboxylate;2-hydroxypropane-1,2,3-tricarboxylic acid Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[Na+].OC(=O)CC(O)(C(O)=O)CC(O)=O.[O-]C(=O)CC(O)(CC([O-])=O)C([O-])=O XPFJYKARVSSRHE-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 3
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- 244000025254 Cannabis sativa Species 0.000 description 1
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- Fodder In General (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses poultry feed and a preparation method of the poultry feed. Supernatant liquid A and precipitation A are obtained after collected microalgae wet thallus undergoes hot-water treatment and centrifugation treatment sequentially. Supernatant liquid B and precipitation B are obtained after the precipitation A undergoes enzyme-adding treatment and centrifugation treatment sequentially. The supernatant liquid A and the supernatant liquid B are mixed and concentrated, and stand for more than 12 hours with cool ethanol of 4 DEG C being added inside. Crude polysaccharide precipitation is obtained after mixed liquid is filtrated. Water is added into the crude polysaccharide precipitation to dissolve the crude polysaccharide precipitation. The dissolved crude polysaccharide precipitation undergoes deproteinization treatment, and protein precipitation and deproteinized polysaccharide liquid are separated. Crude protein products are obtained after the process of freeze dry or oven dry of the protein precipitation. Middle thallus which contains high protein products is separated from the precipitation B, and the poultry feed is obtained by mixing ingredients of, by weight, 5-10 parts of the obtained crude protein products or 5-10 parts of the high protein products which are obtained after the middle thallus is dried, 2-22 parts of soybean meal, 30-20 parts of corn powder, 4-8 parts of folium isatidis powder, 1-3 parts of glucose, 4-5 parts of allicin, 1-2 parts of calcium carbonate and 0.5-1 part of lactic acid.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of poultry feed and preparation method thereof, especially a kind of can be for edible poultry feed of pig, ox or sheep and preparation method thereof.
Background technology
Poultry feed is to using wheat, paddy or rice bran, wheat bran.After the sixties, the collective poultry farm beginning is used mixed feed, and general feeds forms: energy feed, and rice bran, beanstalk chaff, bavin chaff and wheat bran etc. account for 50～60%; Vegetable protein feed, soya-bean cake, rape cake and cotton benevolence cake account for 10～20%; Poultry property protein feeds.Boil with the leftover bits and pieces ocean fish and to admix, account for 2～3%; Vitamin is mixed with green vegetables, dish skin, green grass etc.Actual batching is without strict standard, shows greatly the supply of forage situation and decides.After introducing White Rock, Luo Si chicken kind, the batching standard-required is strict: corn, wheat flour, pearling cone meal, the homenergic feed of cracking rice, account for 60～70%, and add garbage grease 3%, remedy the grain feed energy shortage; Vegetable protein feed, soya-bean cake are main, are aided with cotton benevolence cake or dish cake, account for 15～25%; Poultry property protein feeds is used fish meal, blood meal, dried silkworm chrysalis meal etc. instead, accounts for 7～10%; Mineral matter, bone meal, oyster shell whiting, stone flour etc. account for 2～7%; Vitamin, 50 kilograms of feeds add 5 grams, feeder greens not, and other adds trace element.1
But existing poultry feed raw material mainly all is to come from cereal crops, does not use algae as raw material, has caused a large amount of foodstuff wastes, is unfavorable for the demand that human survival is long-term.
Summary of the invention
The present invention has designed a kind of poultry feed and preparation method thereof, and the technical problem of its solution is that (1) need to use a large amount of soya-bean cakes and corn in order to guarantee the protein content in the existing poultry feed, and is difficult for fully being absorbed by poultry.(2) existing poultry feed all is to come from cereal crops, does not come from algae, has caused a large amount of foodstuff wastes, is unfavorable for the demand of human survival.
In order to solve the technical problem of above-mentioned existence, the present invention has adopted following scheme:
A kind of poultry feed preparation method may further comprise the steps:
Step 1: little algae or little algae wet thallus are passed through hot water treatment and centrifugal treating successively, obtain supernatant A and precipitate A; Wherein, the mass ratio of hot water and little algae or little algae wet thallus is 20-30:1;
Step 2: precipitate A is passed through enzyme-added processing and centrifugal treating successively, obtains supernatant B and deposit B; Wherein, the mass ratio of precipitate A and enzyme is 40-100:1;
Step 3: will supernatant A and supernatant B concentrate after mixing, and add 4 ℃ of cold ethanol and mix more than 12 hours, mixed liquor is filtered obtains thick polysaccharide precipitation; Wherein, the cumulative volume of supernatant A and supernatant B is concentrated to 1/5-1/4 of original volume, and the volume that adds cold ethanol is concentrated rear supernatant A and supernatant B cumulative volume 3-5 times;
Step 4: the thick polysaccharide precipitation of gained is dissolved in water in the step 3, takes off albumen and processes, and is separated into albumen precipitation and Deproteinated polysaccharide solution, and albumen precipitation obtains the crude protein product by freeze drying or oven dry;
Step 5: the bacteria suspension of gained deposit B in the step 2 is regulated after the pH value is 10-12,70-80 ℃ of insulation 1-2h, then add the sodium chloride solution of 0.8% concentration and the mixed liquor of n-hexane and ethanol, finally make n-hexane: ethanol: the volume ratio of water is 2:4:1.5, concussion 10min leaves standstill and is divided into three layers and is followed successively by from top to bottom: n-hexane phase A, middle thalline phase and pure water;
Step 6: be mixed and made into poultry feed according to following mass ratio: thalline is through dried high protein product, 5-22 part dregs of beans, 30-40 part corn flour, 4-8 part folium isatidis powder, 1-3 part glucose, 4-5 part allicin, 1-2 part salt, 1-2 part calcium carbonate and 0.5-1 part lactic acid in the middle of the crude protein product that 5-10 part step 4 obtains and/or the 5-10 part step 5.
Further, little algae is for being chlorella, spirulina or grid algae; Little algae wet thallus is chlorella thalline, spirulina thalline or grid phycomycete body.
Further, the hot water temperature in the step 1 and processing time are respectively 90-100 ℃ and 0.5-2h.
Further, the enzyme in the step 2 is selected from one or more combinations in neutral proteinase, alkali protease and the cellulase; Cellulose enzyme activity is 1200-1500U/g, and the neutral proteinase enzyme is lived and is 59000-60000U/g, and the work of alkali protease enzyme is 2 * 105-2.02 * 105U/g.
Further, in the poultry feed of the final gained of step 6, also add trace element.
Further, the mass fraction of trace element is according to following ratio: 0.3-0.5 part of ferric sulfate, 0.2-1.3 part manganese sulfate, 0.2-0.9 part Cobalt Chloride, 0.4-2 part zinc sulfate and 0.1-1 part of calcium iodate.
This invention also comprises by above-mentioned 6 kinds of poultry feeds that the preparation method makes.
The poultry feed applicable object that this invention makes is chicken, duck or goose.
This poultry feed and preparation method thereof is compared with traditional poultry feed and preparation method thereof, has following beneficial effect:
(1) the present invention is by isolating crude protein product and high protein product from algae, so that the protein content in the poultry feed is higher than conventional feed, for home poultry raising provides enough protein, the simultaneously source of this protein and algae, thereby can reduce corn and dregs of beans use amount.
(2) the present invention designs and uses hot water treatment as preprocessing means, increases the cell permeability, suitably destroys cell wall structure, reduces the use amount of enzyme process enzyme process action time and enzyme, by hot-water extraction and enzymolysis, obtains product polysaccharide and a small amount of crude protein.
(3) the present invention is except producing poultry feed, and can decolour in the polysaccharide solution behind its by-product pint albumen obtains refining polysaccharide.
(4) the present invention is except producing poultry feed, and its byproduct n-hexane can obtain uranidin in mutually.
(5) increase trace element among the present invention and can satisfy poultry and grow to the needs of various mineral matter elements, especially can make poultry not affected by checken pest.
The specific embodiment
In conjunction with the following example, the present invention will be further described:
Embodiment 1: select chlorella.
With the centrifugal 10min of 4000rpm/min, the removal supernatant obtains the chlorella wet thallus, takes by weighing chlorella wet thallus 1.0g in the 100mL conical flask, adds the 25mL deionized water with the chlorella zymotic fluid, 90 ℃ of heating 1.5h, cooling, centrifugal supernatant A and the precipitate A of getting.Take by weighing the 0.065g cellulase, 0.035g neutral proteinase, cellulose enzyme activity are 1200U/g, and the neutral proteinase enzyme is lived and to be 60000U/g, adds the citric acid-sodium citrate buffer of pH=5, and pH=5 is the pH reaction system of optimum enzyme effect selected in the experiment.Be settled to 100mL, get the 25mL enzyme solutions and join in the chlorella wet thallus precipitate A, hydrolysis temperature is 42 ℃, stirs 4h, 90 ℃ of enzyme 10min that go out.Suspension after the hydrolysis is carried out centrifugal 10min under the 4000r/min, obtain supernatant B and deposit B.
Merge supernatant A and supernatant B, concentrated this supernatant mixed liquor is to 1/5 of original volume, and the 4 ℃ of concussions of cold ethanol that add 3 times of volumes mix, and leave standstill 12h, filters to get thick polysaccharide precipitation.
Get the thick polysaccharide precipitation of the water-soluble solution of 10mL, regulate pH to 3 with trichloroacetic acid, mixing leaves standstill 2h, adds the n-butanol of 15 times of trichloroacetic acid volumes, stirs, and leaves standstill 1h, and is centrifugal, and the aqueous solution reclaims polysaccharide, repeats 2 times.Polysaccharide extract rate 82.3%.Water dissolving polysaccharide carries out adsorption bleaching with the flow velocity of 2BV/h to the thick polysaccharide solution of 2.5mg/mL, records pigment removal efficiency 92.4%, and the polysaccharide retention rate is 88.97%.Protein solubility is lower and polysaccharide loss is less during pH=3, is the peak optimization reaction system.The use of n-butanol also is in order to reduce the water-soluble of protein, thus crude protein product and separation of polysaccharides.Use separately the TCA method also passable herein, increase the number of times that repeats to extract.
It is 11 that the bacteria suspension of deposit B is regulated pH with the NaOH of 2mol/L, 70 ℃ of reaction 60min, cooling, adding an amount of 0.8% sodium chloride solution and the mixed liquor n-hexane of n-hexane and ethanol and the volume ratio of ethanol is 2:4, and make final n-hexane: ethanol: the volume ratio of water is 2:4:1.5, concussion 10min, collect the n-hexane phase, the n-hexane that adds again initial 1/3 volume repeats twice, and n-hexane phase A adds anhydrous sodium sulfate and removes minor amount of water, reclaims solvent and obtains the uranidin such as carrotene.Thalline its crude protein content of high protein product after drying that the intermediate layer suspends is 38.7%, and 18 water solution amino acid content is abundant, can be used as be rich in albumen fully, amino acid whose composition is used as the part substitute that protein feed becomes poultry meals feed.
Choose 5 parts of crude protein products, 10 parts of high protein products, 20 parts of dregs of beans, 30 portions of corn flour, 5 parts of folium isatidis powder, 3 parts of glucose, 4 parts of allicins, 2 portions of salt, 1 part of calcium carbonate and 1 part of lactic acid, so that they fully mix, can become the poultry feed of high-quality by agitating device.
Embodiment 2: select the grid algae.
With the centrifugal 10min of 4000rpm/min, the removal supernatant obtains grid phycomycete body, takes by weighing grid algae wet thallus 1.0g in the 100mL conical flask, adds the 25mL deionized water with grid algae zymotic fluid, 90 ℃ of heating 1.5h, cooling, centrifugal supernatant A and the precipitate A of getting.Take by weighing the 0.075g cellulase, 0.025g alkali protease, cellulose enzyme activity is 1200U/g, and the work of alkali protease enzyme is 2 * 105U/g, and the citric acid-sodium citrate buffer that adds pH=4 is settled to 100mL, getting the 25mL enzyme solutions joins in the grid algae wet thallus precipitate A, hydrolysis temperature is 40 ℃, stirs 4h, 90 ℃ of enzyme 10min that go out, suspension after the hydrolysis is carried out centrifugal 10min under the 4000r/min, obtain supernatant B and deposit B.
Merge supernatant A and supernatant B, concentrated this supernatant mixed liquor is to 1/5 of original volume, and the 4 ℃ of concussions of cold ethanol that add 3 times of volumes mix, and leave standstill 12h, filters to get thick polysaccharide precipitation.
Get the thick polysaccharide precipitation of the water-soluble solution of 10mL, regulate pH to 3 with trichloroacetic acid, mixing leaves standstill 2h, adds the n-butanol of 15 times of trichloroacetic acid volumes, stirs, and leaves standstill 1h, and is centrifugal, and the aqueous solution reclaims polysaccharide, repeats 2 times.Polysaccharide extract rate 82.3%.Water dissolving polysaccharide carries out adsorption bleaching with the flow velocity of 2BV/h to the thick polysaccharide solution of 2.5mg/mL, records pigment removal efficiency 92.4%, and the polysaccharide retention rate is 88.97%.Protein solubility is lower and polysaccharide loss is less during pH=3, is the peak optimization reaction system.The use of n-butanol also is in order to reduce the water-soluble of protein, thus crude protein product and separation of polysaccharides.Use separately the TCA method also passable herein, increase the number of times that repeats to extract.
It is 11 that the bacteria suspension of deposit B is regulated pH with the NaOH of 2mol/L, 70 ℃ of reaction 60min, cooling, adding an amount of 0.8% sodium chloride solution and the mixed liquor n-hexane of n-hexane and ethanol and the volume ratio of ethanol is 2:4, and make final n-hexane: ethanol: the volume ratio of water is 2:4:1.5, concussion 10min, collect the n-hexane phase, the n-hexane that adds again initial 1/3 volume repeats twice, and n-hexane phase A adds anhydrous sodium sulfate and removes minor amount of water, reclaims solvent and obtains the uranidin such as carrotene.Thalline its crude protein content of high protein product after drying that the intermediate layer suspends is 38.7%, and 18 water solution amino acid content is abundant, can be used as be rich in albumen fully, amino acid whose composition is used as the part substitute that protein feed becomes poultry meals feed.
Choose 10 parts of high protein products, 22 parts of dregs of beans, 40 portions of corn flour, 7 parts of folium isatidis powder, 2 parts of glucose, 4 parts of allicins, 1 portion of salt, 2 parts of calcium carbonate and 1 part of lactic acid, so that they fully mix, can become the poultry feed of high-quality by agitating device.
Embodiment 3: select spirulina.
With the centrifugal 10min of 4000rpm/min, the removal supernatant obtains the spiral thalline, takes by weighing spiral wet thallus 0.8g in the 100mL conical flask, adds the 25mL deionized water with the spirulina zymotic fluid, 90 ℃ of heating 1.5h, cooling, centrifugal supernatant A and the precipitate A of getting.Take by weighing the 0.067g neutral proteinase, the alkali protease enzyme is lived and is 60000U/g, and the citric acid-sodium citrate buffer that adds pH=7 is settled to 100mL, gets the 20mL enzyme solutions to join in the grid algae wet thallus, and hydrolysis temperature is 42 ℃, stirs 6h, 90 ℃ of enzyme 10min that go out.Suspension after the hydrolysis is carried out centrifugal 10min under the 4000r/min, obtain supernatant B and deposit B.
Merge supernatant A and supernatant B, concentrated this supernatant mixed liquor is to 1/5 of original volume, and the 4 ℃ of concussions of cold ethanol that add 3 times of volumes mix, and leave standstill 12h, filters to get thick polysaccharide precipitation.
Get the thick polysaccharide precipitation of the water-soluble solution of 10mL, regulate pH to 3 with trichloroacetic acid, mixing leaves standstill 2h, adds the n-butanol of 15 times of trichloroacetic acid volumes, stirs, and leaves standstill 1h, and is centrifugal, and the aqueous solution reclaims polysaccharide, repeats 2 times.Polysaccharide extract rate 82.3%.Water dissolving polysaccharide carries out adsorption bleaching with the flow velocity of 2BV/h to the thick polysaccharide solution of 2.5mg/mL, records pigment removal efficiency 92.4%, and the polysaccharide retention rate is 88.97%.Protein solubility is lower and polysaccharide loss is less during pH=3, is the peak optimization reaction system.The use of n-butanol also is in order to reduce the water-soluble of protein, thus crude protein product and separation of polysaccharides.Use separately the TCA method also passable herein, increase the number of times that repeats to extract.
It is 11 that the bacteria suspension of deposit B is regulated pH with the NaOH of 2mol/L, 70 ℃ of reaction 60min, cooling, adding an amount of 0.8% sodium chloride solution and the mixed liquor n-hexane of n-hexane and ethanol and the volume ratio of ethanol is 2:4, and make final n-hexane: ethanol: the volume ratio of water is 2:4:1.5, concussion 10min, collect the n-hexane phase, the n-hexane that adds again initial 1/3 volume repeats twice, and n-hexane phase A adds anhydrous sodium sulfate and removes minor amount of water, reclaims solvent and obtains the uranidin such as carrotene.Thalline its crude protein content of high protein product after drying that the intermediate layer suspends is 38.7%, and 18 water solution amino acid content is abundant, can be used as be rich in albumen fully, amino acid whose composition is used as the part substitute that protein feed becomes poultry meals feed.
Choose 10 parts of high protein products, 20 parts of dregs of beans, 35 portions of corn flour, 8 parts of folium isatidis powder, 1 part of glucose, 8 parts of allicins, 2 portions of salt, 1 part of calcium carbonate, 0.8 part of lactic acid, 0.3 part of ferric sulfate, 0.2 part of manganese sulfate, 0.2 part of Cobalt Chloride, 0.4 part of zinc sulfate and 0.1 part of calcium iodate, so that they fully mix, can become the poultry feed of high-quality by agitating device.
The above has carried out exemplary description to the present invention in conjunction with the embodiments; obvious realization of the present invention is not subjected to the restriction of aforesaid way; as long as the various improvement of having adopted method design of the present invention and technical scheme to carry out; or without improving design of the present invention and technical scheme are directly applied to other occasion, all in protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (8)
1. poultry feed preparation method may further comprise the steps:
Step 1: little algae or little algae wet thallus are passed through hot water treatment and centrifugal treating successively, obtain supernatant A and precipitate A; Wherein, the mass ratio of hot water and little algae or little algae wet thallus is 20-30:1;
Step 2: precipitate A is passed through enzyme-added processing and centrifugal treating successively, obtains supernatant B and deposit B; Wherein, the mass ratio of precipitate A and enzyme is 40-100:1;
Step 3: will supernatant A and supernatant B concentrate after mixing, and add 4 ℃ of cold ethanol and mix more than 12 hours, mixed liquor is filtered obtains thick polysaccharide precipitation; Wherein, the cumulative volume of supernatant A and supernatant B is concentrated to 1/5-1/4 of original volume, and the volume that adds cold ethanol is concentrated rear supernatant A and supernatant B cumulative volume 3-5 times;
Step 4: the thick polysaccharide precipitation of gained is dissolved in water in the step 3, takes off albumen and processes, and is separated into albumen precipitation and Deproteinated polysaccharide solution, and albumen precipitation obtains the crude protein product by freeze drying or oven dry;
Step 5: the bacteria suspension of gained deposit B in the step 2 is regulated after the pH value is 10-12,70-80 ℃ of insulation 1-2h, then add the sodium chloride solution of 0.8% concentration and the mixed liquor of n-hexane and ethanol, finally make n-hexane: ethanol: the volume ratio of water is 2:4:1.5, concussion 10min leaves standstill and is divided into three layers and is followed successively by from top to bottom: n-hexane phase A, middle thalline phase and pure water;
Step 6: be mixed and made into poultry feed according to following mass ratio: thalline is through dried high protein product, 5-22 part dregs of beans, 30-40 part corn flour, 4-8 part folium isatidis powder, 1-3 part glucose, 4-5 part allicin, 1-2 part salt, 1-2 part calcium carbonate and 0.5-1 part lactic acid in the middle of the crude protein product that 5-10 part step 4 obtains and/or the 5-10 part step 5.
2. described poultry feed preparation method according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: little algae is for being chlorella, spirulina or grid algae; Little algae wet thallus is chlorella thalline, spirulina thalline or grid phycomycete body.
3. described poultry feed preparation method according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: the hot water temperature in the step 1 and processing time are respectively 90-100 ℃ and 0.5-2h.
4. described poultry feed preparation method according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: the enzyme in the step 2 is selected from one or more combinations in neutral proteinase, alkali protease and the cellulase; Cellulose enzyme activity is 1200-1500U/g, and the neutral proteinase enzyme is lived and is 59000-60000U/g, and the work of alkali protease enzyme is 2 * 105-2.02 * 105U/g.
5. any one described poultry feed preparation method in 4 according to claim 1 is characterized in that: also add trace element in the poultry feed of the final gained of step 6.
6. any one described poultry feed preparation method in 5 according to claim 1 is characterized in that: the mass fraction of trace element is according to following ratio: 0.3-0.5 part of ferric sulfate, 0.2-1.3 part manganese sulfate, 0.2-0.9 part Cobalt Chloride, 0.4-2 part zinc sulfate and 0.1-1 part of calcium iodate.
7. poultry feed that makes to 6 any one preparation method according to claim 1.
8. poultry feed claimed in claim 7, it is characterized in that: described poultry feed applicable object is chicken, duck or goose.
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