CN102918288B - 具有密封垫片和环形护罩的滚动轴承 - Google Patents

具有密封垫片和环形护罩的滚动轴承 Download PDF

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CN102918288B
CN102918288B CN201080067020.0A CN201080067020A CN102918288B CN 102918288 B CN102918288 B CN 102918288B CN 201080067020 A CN201080067020 A CN 201080067020A CN 102918288 B CN102918288 B CN 102918288B
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guard shield
annular lip
rolling bearing
gasket seal
ring
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CN102918288A (zh
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L.瓦诺克斯
T.佩罗廷
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SKF AB
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    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16CSHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
    • F16C33/00Parts of bearings; Special methods for making bearings or parts thereof
    • F16C33/72Sealings
    • F16C33/76Sealings of ball or roller bearings
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16CSHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
    • F16C33/00Parts of bearings; Special methods for making bearings or parts thereof
    • F16C33/72Sealings
    • F16C33/76Sealings of ball or roller bearings
    • F16C33/78Sealings of ball or roller bearings with a diaphragm, disc, or ring, with or without resilient members
    • F16C33/784Sealings of ball or roller bearings with a diaphragm, disc, or ring, with or without resilient members mounted to a groove in the inner surface of the outer race and extending toward the inner race
    • F16C33/7859Sealings of ball or roller bearings with a diaphragm, disc, or ring, with or without resilient members mounted to a groove in the inner surface of the outer race and extending toward the inner race with a further sealing element
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16CSHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
    • F16C33/00Parts of bearings; Special methods for making bearings or parts thereof
    • F16C33/72Sealings
    • F16C33/76Sealings of ball or roller bearings
    • F16C33/78Sealings of ball or roller bearings with a diaphragm, disc, or ring, with or without resilient members
    • F16C33/784Sealings of ball or roller bearings with a diaphragm, disc, or ring, with or without resilient members mounted to a groove in the inner surface of the outer race and extending toward the inner race
    • F16C33/7859Sealings of ball or roller bearings with a diaphragm, disc, or ring, with or without resilient members mounted to a groove in the inner surface of the outer race and extending toward the inner race with a further sealing element
    • F16C33/7863Sealings of ball or roller bearings with a diaphragm, disc, or ring, with or without resilient members mounted to a groove in the inner surface of the outer race and extending toward the inner race with a further sealing element mounted to the inner race, e.g. a flinger to use centrifugal effect
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16CSHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
    • F16C33/00Parts of bearings; Special methods for making bearings or parts thereof
    • F16C33/72Sealings
    • F16C33/76Sealings of ball or roller bearings
    • F16C33/78Sealings of ball or roller bearings with a diaphragm, disc, or ring, with or without resilient members
    • F16C33/784Sealings of ball or roller bearings with a diaphragm, disc, or ring, with or without resilient members mounted to a groove in the inner surface of the outer race and extending toward the inner race
    • F16C33/7859Sealings of ball or roller bearings with a diaphragm, disc, or ring, with or without resilient members mounted to a groove in the inner surface of the outer race and extending toward the inner race with a further sealing element
    • F16C33/7866Sealings of ball or roller bearings with a diaphragm, disc, or ring, with or without resilient members mounted to a groove in the inner surface of the outer race and extending toward the inner race with a further sealing element with sealing lips
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16JPISTONS; CYLINDERS; SEALINGS
    • F16J15/00Sealings
    • F16J15/16Sealings between relatively-moving surfaces
    • F16J15/34Sealings between relatively-moving surfaces with slip-ring pressed against a more or less radial face on one member
    • F16J15/3436Pressing means
    • F16J15/3456Pressing means without external means for pressing the ring against the face, e.g. slip-ring with a resilient lip
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16CSHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
    • F16C19/00Bearings with rolling contact, for exclusively rotary movement
    • F16C19/02Bearings with rolling contact, for exclusively rotary movement with bearing balls essentially of the same size in one or more circular rows
    • F16C19/04Bearings with rolling contact, for exclusively rotary movement with bearing balls essentially of the same size in one or more circular rows for radial load mainly
    • F16C19/06Bearings with rolling contact, for exclusively rotary movement with bearing balls essentially of the same size in one or more circular rows for radial load mainly with a single row or balls
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16CSHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
    • F16C33/00Parts of bearings; Special methods for making bearings or parts thereof
    • F16C33/30Parts of ball or roller bearings
    • F16C33/58Raceways; Race rings
    • F16C33/583Details of specific parts of races
    • F16C33/586Details of specific parts of races outside the space between the races, e.g. end faces or bore of inner ring
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16CSHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
    • F16C33/00Parts of bearings; Special methods for making bearings or parts thereof
    • F16C33/72Sealings
    • F16C33/76Sealings of ball or roller bearings
    • F16C33/78Sealings of ball or roller bearings with a diaphragm, disc, or ring, with or without resilient members
    • F16C33/7886Sealings of ball or roller bearings with a diaphragm, disc, or ring, with or without resilient members mounted outside the gap between the inner and outer races, e.g. sealing rings mounted to an end face or outer surface of a race
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16CSHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
    • F16C33/00Parts of bearings; Special methods for making bearings or parts thereof
    • F16C33/72Sealings
    • F16C33/76Sealings of ball or roller bearings
    • F16C33/78Sealings of ball or roller bearings with a diaphragm, disc, or ring, with or without resilient members
    • F16C33/7896Sealings of ball or roller bearings with a diaphragm, disc, or ring, with or without resilient members with two or more discrete sealings arranged in series

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Sealing Of Bearings (AREA)
  • Rolling Contact Bearings (AREA)

Abstract

该滚动轴承,包括外圈(4),内圈(6),设置在外圈和内圈之间的滚动体(10),一个密封垫片(20),该密封垫片(20)安装在第一圈(4)上且朝着第二圈(6)延伸,以至所述密封垫片的密封边缘(26)与第二圈滑动接触。环形护罩(50)安装在第二圈(62)上且朝着第一圈(4)径向延伸。护罩(50)设置有至少一个环形唇(58)与密封垫片(20)的侧面(28)滑动接触。

Description

具有密封垫片和环形护罩的滚动轴承
技术领域
本发明涉及一种滚动轴承,除其他部分之外,包括安装在轴承的外圈上或者内圈上的密封垫片,其向着与它滑动接触的内圈或外圈延伸。
背景技术
滚动轴承包括内圈,外圈和安装在这两个圈之间的一些滚动体。这些滚动体可以是球,柱或者针。就本发明来说,滚动轴承可以是例如,滚珠轴承,滚柱轴承或者滚针轴承。
EP-A-1316736公开了一种具有在轴承的内圈和外圈之间延伸的密封垫片的滚动轴承。在此轴承内,在滚动轴承的每一侧上,使用环形护罩用于保护在密封垫片和内圈之间的接触区域。这种护罩避免了石块或者水冲撞接触区域内的密封垫片。然而,灰尘或者水仍能够渗透到护罩和垫片之间限定的空间,这可能会引起接触区域的污染。
发明内容
本发明旨在改善已知的设备,目的是当使用标准的密封垫片时,改进它们的不渗透性。
为了这个目的,本发明涉及一种滚动轴承,包括外圈,内圈,设置在外圈和内圈之间的滚动体,至少一个安装在在外圈和内圈中的第一圈上的密封垫片,其向着第二圈延伸,以至密封垫片的密封边缘与第二圈滑动接触,和至少一个安装在第二圈上且朝着第一圈径向延伸的环形护罩。根据本发明,护罩设置有至少一个环形唇与密封垫片的侧面滑动接触。
由于本发明,如液体或者颗粒的污染被阻止进入护罩和密封垫片之间的空间,该空间紧邻密封垫片的密封边缘与第二个圈之间的接触区域。
在本文描述中,词语“轴向的”,“径向的”,“轴向地”,“径向地”,“离心的”,“向心的”和相似词语与滚动轴承的一个圈相对于另一个圈的旋转轴有关。平行于此轴线的方向是“轴向的”,垂直且正割于此轴的方向是“径向的”。垂直于此轴的表面是“轴向的”,当表面围绕此轴并且当垂直于表面的方向是径向时,表面是“径向的”。
根据本发明的其他有利的但不是必须的方面,本发明的滚动轴承可能结合一个或多个下列特征:
-第一圈是外圈和第二圈是内圈。可替代地,第一圈是内圈和第二圈是外圈。
-护罩是金属的或者由合成材料制成,如:聚合物或者弹性体。
-环形唇与护罩主体是一体的。可替代地,环形唇被固定至护罩主体的侧面,例如,通过粘合、焊接、硫化或者夹住。根据第三种方法,环形唇可被过模制在护罩的主体上。在这种情况下,主体有利地设置几个通孔且环形唇被过模制在这些通孔中。
-密封垫片具有支架和形成密封边缘的柔性配件,此配件具有进入支架区域的窗口,该支架能以滑动接触方式接收环形唇。
-密封垫片设置有与护罩滑动接触的环形唇。
-护罩设置有与密封垫片滑动接触的两个环形唇。在这种情况下,这些环形唇可以是平行的或者当离开护罩主体时是分岔的或者汇聚的。
-环形唇具有截头圆锥形状。
附图说明
依据以下参照附图且作为说明性示例而不限制本发明的目的的描述,本发明将会得到更好的理解。在附图中:
图1是根据本发明的滚动轴承的截面视图;
图2是图1上的细节II的放大视图;
图3到图10是用于本发明的一些其他实施例的类似于图2的详细视图;
图11示出了如何将一个护罩应用于不同构造的示意图。
具体实施方式
图1描述了滚珠轴承2,其包括外圈4和内圈6,外圈4和内圈6在它们之间限定了室8,在那里,单组滚珠10被安装并通过保持架12保持在位。外圈4快速旋转且内圈6相对于外圈4围绕滚珠轴承2的中心轴X2旋转。
两个密封垫片20和30被安装在外圈4上且向着内圈6延伸。更精确地,外圈4设置有两个凹槽42和44,在那里,密封垫片20和30的一部分被楔入。
密封垫片20由金属支架22和弹性配件24组成,弹性配件24围绕支架22且形成了与内圈6的外径向表面62滑动接触的密封边缘26。
密封垫片30和密封垫片20相同,也包括支架32和限定密封边缘36的配件34。
两个环形护罩50和70被安装在内圈6上且适于保护密封垫片20和30以防止例如来自外界的石块的撞击,并防止潮湿,尤其是水。护罩50和70尤其更保护了密封边缘26和36及表面62,即密封垫片20和30与内圈6之间的滑动接触区域。
护罩50和70是相同的。
护罩50具有内径向弯曲部分52,其适于被阻挡在内圈6的内周槽64中,目的是相对于内圈6保持护罩50。护罩50也具有外径向部分54,当相对于室8时,其向外凹并向内凸。
在部分52和54之间,护罩50是平的,并且形成与部分52和54一体的主体56。
外径向部分54的形状和密封垫片20的外侧面28将进入区域Z1限定为在部件20和50之间的环形体积。面28是垫片20的轴向面。外径向部分54的弧形形状意味着,与滚动轴承2的其他尺寸相比,区域Z1的最小轴向宽度W1是小的。区域Z1的这个小宽度W1阻止了大部分污染物进入部件50和70之间的环形空间,以及阻止它们到达边缘26和表面62之间的接触区域Z2。外部部分54的弧形形状也容许护罩50通过由于其绕轴X2旋转的离心或者“排风”作用喷出污染物。
护罩50设置有环形唇58,其是截头圆锥形状且与密封垫片20的外侧面28滑动接触。环形唇58防止了能够在部件20和50之间经由进入区域Z1渗透的污染物到达密封边缘26和表面62之间的接触区域Z2
因此,在密封垫片20和护罩50之间可以获得辅助密封功能而不用改进密封垫片20。该垫片可以因此是标准产品,能大量生产且具有低成本。
同样的,护罩70设置有环形密封唇78,其与密封垫片20的外侧轴向面38滑动接触。
护罩50和70是金属的。可替代地,护罩50和70能用合成材料制造,例如,塑料,如聚合物,例如PA 4.6或PA 6.6,其可以用或者可以不用玻璃纤维或PEEK强化。也可以用弹性体来制造护罩。这可应用于所有实施例。
环形唇58和78与护罩50和70的主体56和76为一体。
在图3至图10上表示的本发明的第二至第九实施例中,类似于第一实施例的元件具有相同的附图标记。此后,主要描述第二到第九实施例和第一实施例之间的区别。除非另有说明,第二到第九实施例如第一实施例一样工作。
在第二实施例中,护罩50和第一实施例相同,密封垫片20的配件24限定了窗口25,其允许环形唇58的自由边缘582和支架22之间的直接接触。这种金属/金属接触避免配件24的损坏。
在本发明的第三实施例中,护罩50和第一实施例的护罩相同,密封垫片20的配件24设置有如第二实施例中的窗口25。配件24还形成环形唇27,其滑动接触抵靠护罩50的内侧轴向面57,以便获得分别在支架22和环形唇58之间以及在护罩50的主体56与环形唇27之间的双密封接触。该实施例需要针对此功能特别设计的密封垫片20,其不是用于大多数其他实施例的情况。
在图5的实施例中,通过在护罩50的主体56上过模制(overmold)弹性环形唇58得到环形唇58。在这种情况下,密封垫片20与第一实施例的密封垫片相同。实际上,围绕护罩50的中心轴,通孔562被规则地制成穿过主体56,它们用作环形唇58的锚定装置。这种结构允许在护罩50和密封垫片20之间的接触在两个弹性部件之间进行,即环形唇58和配件24之间进行。
在图6的实施例中,护罩50设置有两个密封唇58,58’,它们是平行的且与密封垫片20的相同的侧轴向面28滑动接触,这个侧面由弹性配件24构成。这两个环形唇58和58’通过过模制一些弹性体进入护罩50的主体56的通孔562,562’而制成,如图5中的实施例。
在图7的实施例中,由塑料材料制成的两个唇58和58’被粘合在也是由塑料制成的护罩50的主体56上,唇58和58’与密封垫片20的侧轴向面28滑动接触。可替代地,环形唇58和58’能被硫化或者焊接在主体56上。可替代地,这两个唇也能够与主体成为一体,如第一实施例的单个唇58。
在本发明的前六个实施例中,由护罩50产生的环形唇或多个环形唇58和58’在离开护罩50的内部面57时向着圈4延伸。
在图8的实施例中,与护罩50的主体56成为一体的两个环形唇58和58’在离开主体56的内侧轴向面57时向着内圈6延伸。
在图6,7和8的实施例中,密封唇58和58’是平行的。
在图9的实施例中,环形唇58和58’在离开护罩50的内侧轴向面57时分岔。更特别地,靠近内圈6的环形唇58向着该内圈6取向,而靠近外圈4的环形唇58’向着外圈4取向。
在图10的实施例中,环形唇58和58’在离开护罩50的内部面57时汇聚。换句话说,靠近内圈6的环形唇58向着外圈4取向,而靠近外圈4的环形唇58’向着内圈6取向。
如图11所示,相同的护罩50能被安装在具有不同的各自的径向厚度的滚动轴承的三个内圈6,6’和6”上,以便护罩的唇58能与安装在外圈4,4’和4”上的密封垫片20,20’和20”相互作用。图11所示的密封垫片20,20’和20”具有不同的尺寸,护罩50的密封唇58能在这些垫片的侧面28,28’和28”上的不同位置处与这些不同的垫片配合。图11所示的各个构造被示出具有图5的护罩。这些构造中也可以采用其他实施例的护罩。
根据本发明的替代实施例,密封垫片20和30能被安装在滚动轴承2的内圈6上且通过它们的边缘26或者36与外圈4滑动接触。在这种情况下,护罩50和70安装在外圈4上。根据本发明,它们设置有环形唇,该环形唇滑动接触抵靠密封垫片的侧面的外轴向面28和38。
在图2到图10的实施例中,护罩具有与第一实施例的位置54相似的弧形外径向部分。
上述实施例涉及的技术特征可以被组合。

Claims (16)

1.一种滚动轴承(2),包括:
-外圈(4),
-内圈(6),
-布置在外圈和内圈之间的滚动体(10),
-至少一个密封垫片(20,30),所述密封垫片(20,30)安装在在所述外圈和所述内圈中的第一圈(4)上,且向着在所述外圈和所述内圈中的第二圈(6)延伸,以至所述密封垫片的密封边缘(26,36)与第二圈滑动接触,
-至少一个环形护罩(50,70),所述环形护罩(50,70)安装在所述第二圈上并向着所述第一圈径向地延伸,
其中所述护罩(50,70)设置有至少一个环形唇(58,58’,78)与所述密封垫片(20,30)的侧面(28,38)滑动接触,
所述环形唇(58,58’,78)被过模制到所述护罩(50,70)的主体(56,76)上,
所述主体(56,76)设置有几个通孔(562,562’)并且所述环形唇(58,58’,78)被过模制在这些通孔中。
2.根据权利要求1所述的滚动轴承,其中所述第一圈是所述外圈(4)和所述第二圈是所述内圈(6)。
3.根据权利要求1所述的滚动轴承,其中所述第一圈是所述内圈(6)和所述第二圈是所述外圈(4)。
4.根据前述权利要求之一所述的滚动轴承,其中所述护罩(50,70)是金属的。
5.根据权利要求1-3之一所述的滚动轴承,其中所述护罩(50,70)由合成材料制成。
6.根据权利要求1-3之一所述的滚动轴承,其中所述环形唇(58,58’,78)与所述护罩(50,70)的主体(56,76)是一体的。
7.根据权利要求1-3之一所述的滚动轴承,其中所述环形唇(58,58’,78)被固定到所述护罩的主体(56,76)的侧面(57)。
8.根据权利要求1-3之一所述的滚动轴承,其中所述密封垫片(20,30)具有支架(22;32)和形成所述密封边缘(26,36)的柔性配件(24,34),并且其中所述配件具有进入所述支架的区域的窗口(25),所述支架以滑动接触方式接收所述环形唇(58,58’,78)。
9.根据权利要求1-3之一所述的滚动轴承,其中所述密封垫片(20,30)设置有环形唇(27)与所述护罩(50,70)滑动接触。
10.根据权利要求1-3之一所述的滚动轴承,其中所述护罩(50,70)设置有两个环形唇(58,58’)与所述密封垫片(20,30)滑动接触。
11.根据权利要求10所述的滚动轴承,其中所述环形唇(58,58’)是平行的。
12.根据权利要求10所述的滚动轴承,其中所述环形唇(58,58’)在离开所述护罩的主体(56)时分岔。
13.根据权利要求10所述的滚动轴承,其中所述环形唇(58,58’)在离开所述护罩的主体(56)时汇聚。
14.根据权利要求1-3之一所述的滚动轴承,其中所述环形唇(58,58’,78)具有截头圆锥形状。
15.根据权利要求5所述的滚动轴承,其中所述护罩(50,70)由聚合物或者弹性体制成。
16.根据权利要求7所述的滚动轴承,其中所述环形唇(58,58’,78)通过粘合、焊接、硫化或者夹住被固定到所述护罩的主体(56,76)的侧面(57)。
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