CN102918051A - N6-(甲基二茂铁)喹唑啉-2,4,6-三胺 (h2)和其衍生物,以及用作抗菌剂、抗寄生虫剂、抗原虫和抗利什曼虫剂的药物前体 - Google Patents
N6-(甲基二茂铁)喹唑啉-2,4,6-三胺 (h2)和其衍生物,以及用作抗菌剂、抗寄生虫剂、抗原虫和抗利什曼虫剂的药物前体 Download PDFInfo
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- C07F17/00—Metallocenes
- C07F17/02—Metallocenes of metals of Groups 8, 9 or 10 of the Periodic Table
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K31/00—Medicinal preparations containing organic active ingredients
- A61K31/33—Heterocyclic compounds
- A61K31/555—Heterocyclic compounds containing heavy metals, e.g. hemin, hematin, melarsoprol
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A50/00—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE in human health protection, e.g. against extreme weather
- Y02A50/30—Against vector-borne diseases, e.g. mosquito-borne, fly-borne, tick-borne or waterborne diseases whose impact is exacerbated by climate change
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- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
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- Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
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- Pharmaceuticals Containing Other Organic And Inorganic Compounds (AREA)
Abstract
N6-(甲基二茂铁)喹唑啉-2,4,6-三胺(H2),其衍生物和药物前体的用途,其表现出抗菌的(抗生素、杀菌剂)、抗寄生虫的(驱虫剂)、抗原虫的(杀原虫的)以及抗利什曼虫(杀利什曼虫)的活性,以及其作为用于脊椎动物(人类和动物)的药物的用途。
Description
背景技术
至今仍没有N6-(甲基二茂铁)喹唑啉-2,4,6-三胺用作抗菌剂,抗生素,杀菌剂,细菌剂,抑菌剂,抗寄生虫剂,抗原虫剂或抗利什曼虫剂用途的报道。
自从1885年利什曼病出现后,基本没有报道用于治疗这种疾病的药剂,而这些药剂具有不同的功效和效率。治疗的选择十分少,且包括昂贵的药物,这些药物难以获得,且缺乏统一的注册,并可能具有毒性或无效。例如,1940年提出的含锑药剂(包括甲葡胺锑酸盐),尽管这种治疗方法长于20天,并引起胰腺炎(治疗中断的最常见的原因)以及严重的心电图改变,该药物仍持续用作皮肤利什曼病的治疗选择。对肾脏有害、引起血钙过高的两性霉素B也仍然在使用(Alvar J,等,1997.Clin.Microbiol.Rev.10:298—319;Alvar J,等,2008.Clin.Microbiol.Rev.21:334—359)。
用作抗寄生虫药剂的其它化合物,例如:灭滴灵,呈现变化的结果,这种结果一般反映了缺乏有关药物的证据。最近,有报道羟基脲具有体外杀利什曼虫的活性(Martinez-Rojano等,2008.Antimicrob.Agents Chemother.52:3642-3647),但是没有报道体内证据。
发明内容
本发明涉及人类或兽医使用的包含N6-(甲基二茂铁)喹唑啉-2,4,6-三胺的化合物,以及其衍生物,及用作抗菌剂(抗生素,杀菌剂),抗寄生虫剂(驱虫剂),抗原虫药剂(杀原虫药),或抗利什曼虫剂(杀利什曼虫药剂)的药物前体。
我们称为H2的N6-(甲基二茂铁)喹唑啉-2,4,6-三胺化合物在0.1μg/ml至高于100μg/ml的范围内呈现出抗菌、抗寄生虫、和杀利什曼虫的活性。H2可以用于治疗由微生物、寄生虫、原生动物,特别包括利什曼虫属成员引起的感染。
附图说明
图1为墨西哥利什曼原虫品种MHOM/MX/01/Tab3,并展示了在H2的存在下,牛鲍尔室中寄生虫培养72小时候得到的增长曲线。该H2浓度以水平轴展示,而每毫升的寄生虫数量以竖直轴展示。该实验在室温下,使用高葡萄具有10%胎牛血清的杜尔贝科改良的伊格尔培养基进行。
图2展示了倒置显微镜下H2对利什曼原虫生长的抑制。左图所展示的寄生虫培养是在与图1相同的条件下增长的,但是不存在H2。而右图展示了1μg/ml的H2化合物存在下的培养增长,表明了H2存在下,寄生虫增长的明显缺乏和被破坏。
图3展示了H2药物前体对墨西哥利什曼原虫体外生长的活性。为了在该实验中获得更高的灵敏度,使用比MHOM/MX/01/Tab3对H2具有更高灵敏度的MNYC/BZ/62/M379参照菌株。培养72小时后,取四份100mM的每种化合物来测定每毫升寄生虫的数量。培养条件和图1所述的相同。
图4为以0.1mg/mL的H2溶于100μl生理盐水的剂量来肠胃外给药所展示的生物活性的一个实施例;a)和c)对应于治疗前的活性,b)为只用生理盐水的对照组,d)为使用了H2的状况。b)和d)为治疗14天后的状况。
图5为将药物前体HA2溶于饮用水,并以1mg/mL的剂量随时口服给药3天所展示生物活性的实施例;a)治疗前,b)治疗后三个月,c)治疗后六个月,d)治疗后七个月。
发明内容
化合物的说明
N6-(甲基二茂铁)喹唑啉-2,4,6-三胺(H2)化合物在室温和大气压下为固体。该化合物包含碳,氢,氮和铁(II),并具有的分子量为374a.m.u,其简明分子式为C19H19N5Fe,结构如下所示:
H2具有以下物理化学性质:
熔点210.6-211°C
Rf:0.53(2-丁醇/乙酸/水80:20:5)
红外光谱(KBr):3369和3244(N-H),1693和1668(C=O),823(C-H二茂铁)
质子核磁共振谱(DMSO-d6):3.98ppm(t,J=6,2H,CH2),4.10ppm(t,J=3,2H,二茂铁),4.20ppm(s,5H,二茂铁),4.32ppm(t,J=3,2H,二茂铁),5.3ppm(t,J=6,2H,CH2),5.51ppm(s,2H,NH2),6.96ppm(d,J=2.4,1H,喹唑啉),7.02ppm(s,1H,NH2),7.04ppm(br.,s,1H,喹唑啉),7.049ppm(br,s,1H,喹唑啉)
C19H20FeN5的元素分析:计算:C,61.14;H,5.13;N,18.76.检测:C,61.14;H,4.92;N,18.03。
H2的合成通过将N,N′-(6-氨基喹唑啉-2,4-二基)二乙酰基胺与二茂铁甲醛在二甲基甲酰胺(DMF)中浓缩来开始。随后与硼氢化钠(NaBH4)反应,得到HA2,当其在甲醇氢氧化钠溶液中水解时,得到H2,产率为62%。
当在生物内代谢时,同样可以制备H2药物前体,即,具有和形成H2相同基本结构的化合物。
表格:H2药物前体
编号. | R1 | R2 | R3 |
HA2 | NHC(O)CH3 | NHC(O)CH3 | H |
2 | NHCOCH2CH2COOH | NH2 | H |
3 | NH2 | NHCOCH2CH2COOH | H |
4 | NHCOCH2CH2COOH | NHCOCH2CH2COOH | H |
5 | NHCOCH2CH2COONHC(NH)NH2 | NH2 | H |
6 | NH2 | NHCOCH2CH2COONHC(NH)NH2 | H |
7 | NHCOCH2CH2COONHC(NH)NH2 | NHCOCH2CH2COONHC(NH)NH2 | H |
这些化合物可以通过以下方法获得:
药物前体2和3的合成通过将一当量的琥珀酸酐与H2在DMF中反应来开始。在室温下搅拌,直至反应物消耗尽,通过过滤分离得到的悬浮液。利用开放式柱色谱法将所得的化合物(2和3)的混合物分离,该开放式柱色谱法利用硅胶作为固定相,氯仿作为流动相。药物前体4和7的合成通过将二当量的琥珀酸酐与H2在DMF中反应开始。在室温下搅拌,直至反应物耗尽,过滤悬浮液,得到药物前体4,将其与二环己基碳二亚胺与羟基脲在DMF中,室温下反应72小时。利用开放式柱色谱法将反应混合物分离,该开放式柱色谱法利用硅胶作为固定相,氯仿/甲醇梯度作为流动相,以获得药物前体7。
药物组合物:
作为本发明的一部分,H2的药物组合物,衍生物以及药物前体也可以与药学上可接受的辅料共同存在。下面辅料可用于所述化合物的合成:低分子量的羧甲基纤维素、高分子量的羧甲基纤维素、乙醇、吐温20、吐温80、克列莫佛、聚乙二醇、丙二醇、 甘油、三乙醇胺、乳糖、α-环糊精、β-环糊精、羟丙基-β-环糊精、heptakis、甲基-β-环糊精和γ-环糊精。
给药途径:
根据使用目的,可通过任何可以使用或可接受的药学途径,将H2、其衍生物或其药物前体给药至生物体。
生物活性:
当浓度大于5μg/ml时,H2对利什曼虫在少于5小时是致命的。在使用30分钟后,体外效果是明显的。寄生虫结构被改变,从而失去它的特有的形式,失去折射性,变成球形,不能复制。H2对墨西哥利什曼原虫MHOM/MX/01/Tab3品种的CL50为2.6μm/ml。由于其浓度高于10μg/ml,细胞损伤机理不能通过膜联蛋白的方式识别;人们认为很可能涉及坏死过程而不是细胞凋亡过程。
与其它化合物具有杀利什曼虫的活性的化合物相比,例如葡甲胺锑、灭滴灵或羟基脲,H2杀死寄生虫总量比任何以前报道的化合物要快10倍,且使用剂量低10倍或更低。H2对其它原生动物也表现出活性,包括锥虫属、疟原虫属、内阿米巴属和鞭毛虫,以及后生动物寄生虫和一般的微生物。
对小鼠进行口服、肠胃外或皮肤给药的体外实验和体内实验中都没有发现对小鼠细胞的细胞毒性。该化合物设计为具体地抑制重要原生动物酶,而对人类酶没有活性。
实施例
1)合成
使用配备有磁力搅拌的50ml的平底烧瓶、维格罗分馏柱以及在氮气环境下,将0.31g的二茂铁甲醛(0.00143)、0.3g的N,N′-(6-氨基喹唑啉-2,4-二基)二乙酰基胺(1当量)、1ml的DMF以及一滴乙酸混合。将所述混合物在85℃下搅拌45分钟。然后利用冰水浴将所述混合物冷却至0℃,并缓慢加入0.0671g(2当量)的NaBH4。移除冰浴,在室温下连续搅拌12小时。在旋转蒸发器中蒸发DMF,并将Na2CO3饱和溶液加入残渣中。通过过滤分离形成的黄色沉淀,并用水冲洗几次。在室温下干燥之后,用二 异丙醚洗涤几次该固体,得到0.3239g的HA2,产率为48%,Rf=0.76(CHCl3/MeOH80:20),p.f.=218–220°C。用一当量的甲醇氢氧化钠溶液水解HA2,以获得沉淀物,并将其过滤分离出来。用甲醇与活性炭清洁该固体。通过该步骤,得到0.32g的黄色化合物(H2),产率为62%,Rf=0.53(2-丁醇/乙酸/水80:20:5),p.f.=210.6–211°C。
2)生物活性
H2(3μg/ml)消灭了墨西哥利什曼原虫培养菌(表3或M379品种)中90%以上的寄生虫,墨西哥利什曼原虫培养菌具有在具有4.5mg/mL的葡萄糖和10%的胎牛血清的杜贝尔克改良的培养基中的106寄生虫/ml。
3)药物制备
为了制备H2悬浮液,将10mg该物质溶解于1ml的DMF中。然后用水稀释(1:10)100μl的溶液,从而得到用于口服给药给啮齿动物的悬浮液。
4)H2衍生物
编号 | R1 | R2 | R3 |
8 | NHC(O)CH3 | NHC(O)CH3 | CH3 |
9 | NHCOCH2CH2COOH | NH2 | CH3 |
10 | NH2 | NHCOCH2CH2COOH | CH3 |
11 | NHCOCH2CH2COOH | NHCOCH2CH2COOH | CH3 |
12 | NHCOCH2CH2COONHC(NH)NH2 | NH2 | CH3 |
13 | NH2 | NHCOCH2CH2COONHC(NH)NH2 | CH3 |
14 | NHCOCH2CH2COONHC(NH)NH2 | NHCOCH2CH2COONHC(NH)NH2 | CH3 |
15 | NHC(O)CH3 | NHC(O)CH3 | CH3CH2 |
16 | NHCOCH2CH2COOH | NH2 | CH3CH2 |
[0048]
17 | NH2 | NHCOCH2CH2COOH | CH3CH2 |
18 | NHCOCH2CH2COOH | NHCOCH2CH2COOH | CH3CH2 |
19 | NHCOCH2CH2COONHC(NH)NH2 | NH2 | CH3CH2 |
20 | NH2 | NHCOCH2CH2COONHC(NH)NH2 | CH3CH2 |
21 | NHCOCH2CH2COONHC(NH)NH2 | NHCOCH2CH2COONHC(NH)NH2 | CH3CH2 |
HO2 | NH2 | OH | H |
HO4 | OH | NH2 | H |
HO24 | OH | OH | H |
5)药物前体的合成
在配备有磁力搅拌的50ml的平底烧瓶、维格罗分馏柱以及在氮气环境下,将0.31g的二茂铁甲醛(0.00143)、0.3g的N,N′-(6-氨基喹唑啉-2,4-二基)二乙酰基胺(1当量)、1ml的DMF以及一滴乙酸混合。将所述混合物在85℃下搅拌45分钟。然后利用冰水浴将所述混合物冷却至0℃,并缓慢加入0.0671g(2当量)的NaBH4。移除冰浴,在室温下连续搅拌12小时。在旋转蒸发器中蒸发DMF,并将Na2CO3饱和溶液加入残渣中。通过过滤分离形成的黄色沉淀,并用水冲洗几次。在室温下干燥之后,用二异丙醚洗涤几次该固体,得到0.3239g的HA2,产率为48%,Rf=0.76(CHCl3/MeOH80:20),p.f.=218–220°C。
6)HA2药物前体,以及衍生物HO2和HO4的生物活性
下表为所述药物前体与H2及对照组相比,对墨西哥利什曼原虫的生长抑制活性。
FBC:N-(甲基二茂铁)苯胺。
Claims (9)
2.一种药物组合物,其特征为,所述药物组合物包括权利要求1所述的化合物,以及药学上可接受的辅料或佐剂。
4.根据权利要求1所述的化合物H2,用于治疗微生物疾病,即作为人类或动物体内的抗生素、杀菌剂、细菌剂、抑菌剂、抗寄生虫剂、抗原虫剂或抗利什曼虫剂。
5.一种药物剂型,其含有包括权利要求1所述的化合物H2的制剂,其中,所述药物剂型为片剂、胶囊剂、注射药剂、贴剂、悬浮剂、凝胶剂或颗粒剂。
6.化合物H2的药物前体和衍生物,如化学式(1)所示:
化学式(1)
7.一种药物组合物,其包括权利要求6所述的衍生物或药物前体以及药学上可接受的辅料或佐剂。
8.用于制备权利要求6所述的化合物的方法,其特征在于,所述方法包括以下步骤:利用琥珀酸酐在室温下从化合物H2合成药物前体2-4,然后利用二环己基碳二亚胺、将这些化合物与羟基脲反应,以得到药物前体5-7;用甲基碘或乙基碘处理2,4,6-喹唑啉三胺,之后与二茂铁甲醛耦合,得到8-21;用氢氧化钠处理化合物H2来启动衍生物HO2、HO4和HO24的合成;用开放式柱色谱法来分离所得到的混合物;通过物理性质和光谱特征来识别所得到的产物和中间体。
9.包含权利要求6所述的任意化合物的药物制剂。
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Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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MX2010002868A MX2010002868A (es) | 2010-03-16 | 2010-03-16 | N6-(ferrocenmetil)quinazolin-2,4,6-triamina (h2), sus derivados y profarmacos, como agentes antimicrobianos antiparasitarios, antiprotozoarios y antileishmanias. |
MXMX/A/2010/002868 | 2010-04-26 | ||
PCT/MX2011/000025 WO2011136631A1 (es) | 2010-03-16 | 2011-02-21 | N6 -(ferrocenmetil)quinazolin-2,4,6-triamina (h2), sus derivados y profarmacos, como agentes antimicrobianos antiparasitarios, antiprotozoarios y antileishmanias |
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CN104788503A (zh) * | 2015-04-13 | 2015-07-22 | 桂林医学院 | 二茂铁-喹诺酮酰胺类化合物及其制备方法和应用 |
CN105683205A (zh) * | 2013-09-26 | 2016-06-15 | 苏黎世大学 | 用作抗蠕虫药的有机金属化合物 |
CN105683206A (zh) * | 2013-09-26 | 2016-06-15 | 苏黎世大学 | 二有机金属2-氨基-3-羟基-2-甲基丙腈衍生物作为抗蠕虫药的用途 |
CN115043886A (zh) * | 2022-06-22 | 2022-09-13 | 广西民族大学 | 二茂铁酰胺衍生物及其合成方法和应用 |
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EP2821412A1 (en) * | 2013-07-01 | 2015-01-07 | Universität Zürich | Organometallic 2-cyano-2-aminobenzoate-propyl derivates and their use as anthelmintics |
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Cited By (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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CN105683205A (zh) * | 2013-09-26 | 2016-06-15 | 苏黎世大学 | 用作抗蠕虫药的有机金属化合物 |
CN105683206A (zh) * | 2013-09-26 | 2016-06-15 | 苏黎世大学 | 二有机金属2-氨基-3-羟基-2-甲基丙腈衍生物作为抗蠕虫药的用途 |
CN104788503A (zh) * | 2015-04-13 | 2015-07-22 | 桂林医学院 | 二茂铁-喹诺酮酰胺类化合物及其制备方法和应用 |
CN104788503B (zh) * | 2015-04-13 | 2017-08-08 | 桂林医学院 | 二茂铁‑喹诺酮酰胺类化合物及其制备方法和应用 |
CN115043886A (zh) * | 2022-06-22 | 2022-09-13 | 广西民族大学 | 二茂铁酰胺衍生物及其合成方法和应用 |
Also Published As
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ES2618367T3 (es) | 2017-06-21 |
US20130109663A1 (en) | 2013-05-02 |
US8664384B2 (en) | 2014-03-04 |
WO2011136631A1 (es) | 2011-11-03 |
MX2010002868A (es) | 2011-09-21 |
EP2599783A1 (en) | 2013-06-05 |
CN102918051B (zh) | 2015-09-09 |
EP2599783B1 (en) | 2016-12-14 |
EP2599783A4 (en) | 2014-01-08 |
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